Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2025-12-02DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.103986
Krzysztof Woloszyk , Jakub Montewka , Floris Goerlandt , Bruno Sudret
The present study proposes a comprehensive framework for assessing the reliability of a ship hull girder and its sensitivity to key input variables, with particular consideration of accidental hull damage and age-related corrosion. To this end, the physics-based model used to compute the ultimate strength is substituted with a surrogate model based on Polynomial Chaos Expansion. The reliability problem is formulated by incorporating both still-water and wave-induced bending loads. The effects of various parameters, including vessel age (which is associated with corrosion progression), operational region, loading condition, and accidental damage, are systematically examined. The analysis reveals that ship size, operational region, and the specific damage scenario significantly influence the probability of hull failure, thereby highlighting the need for further investigation. The proposed framework offers potential application in risk-based ship design.
{"title":"Framework for the assessment of ship hull girder reliability and related sensitivity analysis considering accidental damage and ageing","authors":"Krzysztof Woloszyk , Jakub Montewka , Floris Goerlandt , Bruno Sudret","doi":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.103986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.103986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study proposes a comprehensive framework for assessing the reliability of a ship hull girder and its sensitivity to key input variables, with particular consideration of accidental hull damage and age-related corrosion. To this end, the physics-based model used to compute the ultimate strength is substituted with a surrogate model based on Polynomial Chaos Expansion. The reliability problem is formulated by incorporating both still-water and wave-induced bending loads. The effects of various parameters, including vessel age (which is associated with corrosion progression), operational region, loading condition, and accidental damage, are systematically examined. The analysis reveals that ship size, operational region, and the specific damage scenario significantly influence the probability of hull failure, thereby highlighting the need for further investigation. The proposed framework offers potential application in risk-based ship design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49879,"journal":{"name":"Marine Structures","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103986"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.103999
Qingxin Li , Guangsi Chen , Jijian Lian , Run Liu , Huaicheng Liu
Offshore wind turbines are subjected to long-term vertical deadweight load during service life. Before experiencing extreme conditions, the vertical dead load accelerates the drainage and consolidation of the ground, leading to strength enhancement of the soil. This paper quantitatively evaluates the effects of vertical dead load on the uniaxial consolidated bearing capacity of composite bucket foundations. First, centrifuge tests are conducted on the torsional consolidated bearing capacity of composite bucket foundations, and then a finite element model is established. Significant differences in consolidated bearing characteristics among the composite bucket foundation, shallow foundation and mono-bucket foundation are revealed. The necessity to investigate the bearing characteristics of composite bucket foundation affected by soil consolidation is clarified. Next, a framework is established as a unified analysis tool for calculating the different uniaxial consolidated bearing capacities of composite bucket foundations. Considering changes in bearing mechanism, theoretical prediction formulae for uniaxial consolidated bearing capacity are proposed for the first time. Finally, the development of partially consolidated bearing capacity over time is analysed, and the influence of key factors on partially consolidated bearing capacity is evaluated. The simulation results indicate the proposed methods can effectively evaluate the gain of consolidation effect caused by vertical dead load on the uniaxial bearing capacity, and provide practical design guidance for consolidation engineering of composite bucket foundations under vertical dead load.
{"title":"Quantitative evaluation method for uniaxial consolidated bearing capacity of composite bucket foundation under vertical dead load","authors":"Qingxin Li , Guangsi Chen , Jijian Lian , Run Liu , Huaicheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.103999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.103999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Offshore wind turbines are subjected to long-term vertical deadweight load during service life. Before experiencing extreme conditions, the vertical dead load accelerates the drainage and consolidation of the ground, leading to strength enhancement of the soil. This paper quantitatively evaluates the effects of vertical dead load on the uniaxial consolidated bearing capacity of composite bucket foundations. First, centrifuge tests are conducted on the torsional consolidated bearing capacity of composite bucket foundations, and then a finite element model is established. Significant differences in consolidated bearing characteristics among the composite bucket foundation, shallow foundation and mono-bucket foundation are revealed. The necessity to investigate the bearing characteristics of composite bucket foundation affected by soil consolidation is clarified. Next, a framework is established as a unified analysis tool for calculating the different uniaxial consolidated bearing capacities of composite bucket foundations. Considering changes in bearing mechanism, theoretical prediction formulae for uniaxial consolidated bearing capacity are proposed for the first time. Finally, the development of partially consolidated bearing capacity over time is analysed, and the influence of key factors on partially consolidated bearing capacity is evaluated. The simulation results indicate the proposed methods can effectively evaluate the gain of consolidation effect caused by vertical dead load on the uniaxial bearing capacity, and provide practical design guidance for consolidation engineering of composite bucket foundations under vertical dead load.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49879,"journal":{"name":"Marine Structures","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103999"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2026.104007
Hao Chen , Jisheng Zhang , Jianjian Zhao , Yu Zhang , Yakun Guo , Hao Hu , Yiming Ji , Yanhong Wang
The continuous development of clean energy and the growing demand for environmentally friendly power generation have made vertical-axis tidal turbines an important choice. These turbines have advantages because they can adapt to complex marine flow environments and areas with a wide range of flow velocity. Operational safety of the tidal stream energy system is important in the development of tidal energy, while tidal flow induced scour around the vertical-axis tidal turbine is one of factors causing the instability of the system. To this end, physical laboratory experiments are conducted in this study to evaluate the influences of flow intensity, tip clearance, tip speed ratio and water depth on the scour evolution around the tidal stream energy system foundation. The equilibrium scour topography is analyzed. The impact of the turbine rotor operation on the foundation erosion is examined by comparing the scour topography around the monopile foundation without turbine structure. Results show that the maximum scour depth and the scour extent around the foundation increase with the increase of flow intensity and tip speed ratio, but decrease with the increase of tip clearance and water depth. It is found that the rotor rotation significantly enhances sediment transport and scour around the foundation.
{"title":"On seabed scour around the vertical-axis tidal turbine under unidirectional flow loading","authors":"Hao Chen , Jisheng Zhang , Jianjian Zhao , Yu Zhang , Yakun Guo , Hao Hu , Yiming Ji , Yanhong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2026.104007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2026.104007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The continuous development of clean energy and the growing demand for environmentally friendly power generation have made vertical-axis tidal turbines an important choice. These turbines have advantages because they can adapt to complex marine flow environments and areas with a wide range of flow velocity. Operational safety of the tidal stream energy system is important in the development of tidal energy, while tidal flow induced scour around the vertical-axis tidal turbine is one of factors causing the instability of the system. To this end, physical laboratory experiments are conducted in this study to evaluate the influences of flow intensity, tip clearance, tip speed ratio and water depth on the scour evolution around the tidal stream energy system foundation. The equilibrium scour topography is analyzed. The impact of the turbine rotor operation on the foundation erosion is examined by comparing the scour topography around the monopile foundation without turbine structure. Results show that the maximum scour depth and the scour extent around the foundation increase with the increase of flow intensity and tip speed ratio, but decrease with the increase of tip clearance and water depth. It is found that the rotor rotation significantly enhances sediment transport and scour around the foundation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49879,"journal":{"name":"Marine Structures","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 104007"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.104005
Arun Rajput , Harikrishna Chavhan
The elastic properties of honeycomb structures are determined by the foil thickness (FT) and cell size (CS), which significantly influence their mechanical behavior. In present study, comparison of energy absorption capacity and specific energy absorption of different shapes of honeycombs (Hexagonal, Square and Triangular) sandwich composites has been presented. Initially, experiments were performed on a pair of hexagonal honeycomb sandwich composites using a Charpy impact testing machine in accordance with ASTM E23 standards. The experimental results were validated through numerical simulations conducted using the commercially available software Abaqus, showing good agreement. Subsequently, numerical simulations were extended to various honeycomb sandwich structure geometries. Energy absorption and specific energy absorption (SEA) values were extracted at the time steps corresponding to the detachment of the specimen from the supports. A comparison of the energy absorbed by different honeycomb shapes was carried out. Furthermore, the influence of FT, CS, and core height (CH) on the SEA of various honeycomb geometries was examined through detailed numerical analysis.
{"title":"Effect of honeycomb shape and parameters on specific energy absorption of aluminium honeycomb sandwich composites","authors":"Arun Rajput , Harikrishna Chavhan","doi":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.104005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.104005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The elastic properties of honeycomb structures are determined by the foil thickness (FT) and cell size (CS), which significantly influence their mechanical behavior. In present study, comparison of energy absorption capacity and specific energy absorption of different shapes of honeycombs (Hexagonal, Square and Triangular) sandwich composites has been presented. Initially, experiments were performed on a pair of hexagonal honeycomb sandwich composites using a Charpy impact testing machine in accordance with ASTM E23 standards. The experimental results were validated through numerical simulations conducted using the commercially available software Abaqus, showing good agreement. Subsequently, numerical simulations were extended to various honeycomb sandwich structure geometries. Energy absorption and specific energy absorption (SEA) values were extracted at the time steps corresponding to the detachment of the specimen from the supports. A comparison of the energy absorbed by different honeycomb shapes was carried out. Furthermore, the influence of FT, CS, and core height (CH) on the SEA of various honeycomb geometries was examined through detailed numerical analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49879,"journal":{"name":"Marine Structures","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 104005"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.103993
Osunna Paul Dike, Vahid Vaziri, Marcin Kapitaniak
This study investigates the effects of member and local joint flexibilities on the response of a semi-submersible floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) by carrying out fully coupled nonlinear time-domain aero-hydro-servo-elastic dynamic analysis of the OC4 floater. Rigid body models and flexible models of the OC4 semi-submersible floater, supporting the NREL 5MW wind turbine, are used to perform this study. A total of four unique models of the FOWT system were developed and these include a model with a rigid body floater (M1), a flexible floater with each OC4 column modelled as separate rigid bodies connected by flexible braces (M2), and a flexible floater with local joint flexibilities explicitly introduced at inter-member connections to capture joint-level deformation (M3). The fourth is a parametric sensitivity model, derived from the previous one, where the rotational stiffnesses of the floater joints are systematically increased to assess their influence on the system dynamics as validation for M2. Decay tests were first carried out on all 4 models, to ascertain their characteristic modal behaviour, then fully coupled dynamic simulations were carried out for all the models. Analysis was performed for cases of regular wave only, random wave only, regular wave plus steady-state wind, and random wave plus turbulent wind. The global and local response of the FOWT system is then investigated. Results show that floater flexibility modifies the platform pitch natural period by about 10%. The surge and heave natural periods are, however, minimally affected. Platform flexibility also significantly affects the local response of floater braces (pontoons), the tower base loads and tower top kinematics, with implications for both design optimisation and performance forecasting in next-generation FOWT systems. Fatigue analysis of the tower base and selected brace connections reveal that fatigue damage is overpredicted at the tower base when the platform is modelled as a rigid floater, leading to a conservative (underestimated) fatigue life by approximately 50%, while fatigue damage is substantially underpredicted up to about 80% in the pontoon braces when the platform is modelled as rigid.
{"title":"Effect of members and local joints flexibilities on the dynamic and fatigue response of semi-submersible platforms for floating offshore wind turbines","authors":"Osunna Paul Dike, Vahid Vaziri, Marcin Kapitaniak","doi":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.103993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.103993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effects of member and local joint flexibilities on the response of a semi-submersible floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) by carrying out fully coupled nonlinear time-domain aero-hydro-servo-elastic dynamic analysis of the OC4 floater. Rigid body models and flexible models of the OC4 semi-submersible floater, supporting the NREL 5MW wind turbine, are used to perform this study. A total of four unique models of the FOWT system were developed and these include a model with a rigid body floater (M1), a flexible floater with each OC4 column modelled as separate rigid bodies connected by flexible braces (M2), and a flexible floater with local joint flexibilities explicitly introduced at inter-member connections to capture joint-level deformation (M3). The fourth is a parametric sensitivity model, derived from the previous one, where the rotational stiffnesses of the floater joints are systematically increased to assess their influence on the system dynamics as validation for M2. Decay tests were first carried out on all 4 models, to ascertain their characteristic modal behaviour, then fully coupled dynamic simulations were carried out for all the models. Analysis was performed for cases of regular wave only, random wave only, regular wave plus steady-state wind, and random wave plus turbulent wind. The global and local response of the FOWT system is then investigated. Results show that floater flexibility modifies the platform pitch natural period by about 10%. The surge and heave natural periods are, however, minimally affected. Platform flexibility also significantly affects the local response of floater braces (pontoons), the tower base loads and tower top kinematics, with implications for both design optimisation and performance forecasting in next-generation FOWT systems. Fatigue analysis of the tower base and selected brace connections reveal that fatigue damage is overpredicted at the tower base when the platform is modelled as a rigid floater, leading to a conservative (underestimated) fatigue life by approximately 50%, while fatigue damage is substantially underpredicted up to about 80% in the pontoon braces when the platform is modelled as rigid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49879,"journal":{"name":"Marine Structures","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103993"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2025-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.103971
Šimun Sviličić, Smiljko Rudan, Ivan Ćatipović, Jerolim Andrić
Ship collisions, though infrequent, can result in severe consequences, including the loss of human life, ships, or cargo, as well as substantial environmental damage. This paper presents a comprehensive study of ship collision phenomena by analysing two key aspects: pre-collision manoeuvres under different rudder angles and comparative collision scenarios involving varying parameters such as impact angle and ship velocity. The study begins by examining various manoeuvres a ship can perform to minimise the risk of collision, taking into account positional and hydrodynamic factors. The second part of the study evaluates collision scenarios through a risk assessment framework, contrasting a high-risk collision scenario with a low-risk scenario, both modelled under the assumption of human error. Both analyses use rotational velocity and acceleration metrics derived from a three-degrees-of-freedom (3DOF) manoeuvrability model established in the first part. Simulations are conducted using LS-DYNA. The model incorporates hydrodynamic forces generated during the collision, as well as forces resulting from ship manoeuvring. The KVLCC2 serves as a case study, with its hydrodynamic properties - such as added mass and viscous damping, determined using Hydrostar software for integration into the Mitsubishi Collision Code (MCOL) boundary condition. The results indicate that large rudder angles (±40°) significantly reduce collision energy and penetration depth compared to no manoeuvre, while higher collision angles also mitigate structural deformation. The findings confirm that incorporating manoeuvrability into collision simulations improves predictive accuracy and provides valuable insight for assessing ship safety and collision prevention strategies.
{"title":"Influence of ship manoeuvres on collision damage","authors":"Šimun Sviličić, Smiljko Rudan, Ivan Ćatipović, Jerolim Andrić","doi":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.103971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.103971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ship collisions, though infrequent, can result in severe consequences, including the loss of human life, ships, or cargo, as well as substantial environmental damage. This paper presents a comprehensive study of ship collision phenomena by analysing two key aspects: pre-collision manoeuvres under different rudder angles and comparative collision scenarios involving varying parameters such as impact angle and ship velocity. The study begins by examining various manoeuvres a ship can perform to minimise the risk of collision, taking into account positional and hydrodynamic factors. The second part of the study evaluates collision scenarios through a risk assessment framework, contrasting a high-risk collision scenario with a low-risk scenario, both modelled under the assumption of human error. Both analyses use rotational velocity and acceleration metrics derived from a three-degrees-of-freedom (3DOF) manoeuvrability model established in the first part. Simulations are conducted using LS-DYNA. The model incorporates hydrodynamic forces generated during the collision, as well as forces resulting from ship manoeuvring. The KVLCC2 serves as a case study, with its hydrodynamic properties - such as added mass and viscous damping, determined using Hydrostar software for integration into the Mitsubishi Collision Code (MCOL) boundary condition. The results indicate that large rudder angles (±40°) significantly reduce collision energy and penetration depth compared to no manoeuvre, while higher collision angles also mitigate structural deformation. The findings confirm that incorporating manoeuvrability into collision simulations improves predictive accuracy and provides valuable insight for assessing ship safety and collision prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49879,"journal":{"name":"Marine Structures","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103971"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145624800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ships can suffer impact injuries when they are impacted by underwater explosions. Currently, the impact injury studies of seated crew members are mostly focused on lumbar-pelvic and neck whiplash injuries, and there is a lack of analysis of secondary collision injuries in the absence of seatbelt restraints. In this paper, an impact injury analysis of seated shipmates was carried out based on a multibody dynamics human model, and the accuracy of the model was verified by experimental comparison. Head Injury Criterion (HIC), Neck Injury (NIJ), Dynamic Response Index (DRI) and other injury guidelines were used to evaluate the impact damage in various parts of the human body. Sensitivity analysis was conducted for two parameters, namely impact factor and angle of attack, comparing the damage patterns of the human body with and without seat belt restraints. The results showed that the crew with a seatbelt produced a four-cycle whiplash motion, and the crew without a seatbelt would produce three phases: flight phase, deck-head collision phase, and deck-torso collision phase. These findings can guide the development of impact injury protection strategies for shipmates.
当船只受到水下爆炸的冲击时，可能会受到撞击伤。目前，对坐式乘员的碰撞损伤研究多集中在腰骨盆和颈部颈部鞭打伤，缺乏对无安全带约束的二次碰撞损伤的分析。本文基于多体动力学人体模型对坐式船友的碰撞损伤进行了分析，并通过实验对比验证了模型的准确性。采用Head Injury Criterion （HIC）、Neck Injury （NIJ）、Dynamic Response Index （DRI）等损伤指南对人体各部位的冲击损伤进行评价。对冲击系数和迎角两个参数进行敏感性分析，比较有无安全带约束时人体的损伤模式。结果表明，系安全带的机组人员产生了4个周期的鞭动，而不系安全带的机组人员产生了3个周期的鞭动：飞行阶段、甲板头部碰撞阶段和甲板躯干碰撞阶段。这些发现可以指导船员碰撞伤害保护策略的制定。
{"title":"Research on impact damage of ship crew with sitting posture","authors":"Wenqi Zhang , Shenhe Zhang , Zhifan Zhang , Guiyong Zhang , Ying Li","doi":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.103996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2025.103996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ships can suffer impact injuries when they are impacted by underwater explosions. Currently, the impact injury studies of seated crew members are mostly focused on lumbar-pelvic and neck whiplash injuries, and there is a lack of analysis of secondary collision injuries in the absence of seatbelt restraints. In this paper, an impact injury analysis of seated shipmates was carried out based on a multibody dynamics human model, and the accuracy of the model was verified by experimental comparison. Head Injury Criterion (HIC), Neck Injury (NIJ), Dynamic Response Index (DRI) and other injury guidelines were used to evaluate the impact damage in various parts of the human body. Sensitivity analysis was conducted for two parameters, namely impact factor and angle of attack, comparing the damage patterns of the human body with and without seat belt restraints. The results showed that the crew with a seatbelt produced a four-cycle whiplash motion, and the crew without a seatbelt would produce three phases: flight phase, deck-head collision phase, and deck-torso collision phase. These findings can guide the development of impact injury protection strategies for shipmates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49879,"journal":{"name":"Marine Structures","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103996"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145884568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2026.104012
Shi Guijie , Cao Jiajun , Gao Dawei , Wan Zhong , Wang Deyu
Membrane-type corrugated sheets have been used as the primary barriers for LNG carriers to reduce thermal and mechanical stress level. A small failure in primary barrier could cause severe leakage consequences. As the ship capacity increases, the action loads on the primary barrier also rise, making the corrugated sheets more prone to structural failure. This paper focuses on the buckling strength of a corrugated sheet under hydrostatic pressure. In this research, a series of symmetric and asymmetric hydrostatic pressure tests were carried out on a new type of corrugated sheets. Displacement, strain, and hydrostatic pressure were measured to provide comprehensive data on the weak parts of the corrugated sheet. Three-dimensional scanning revealed the deformation mode of the specimens after the test. FEM simulations were conducted to analyze the Mises stress distribution on the midspan section. Six different buckling criteria are defined, differing in physical quantity and buckling point selection. Their advantages, disadvantages, and applicability are discussed, providing the estimation of critical buckling strength from conservative to radical.
{"title":"Experimental and numerical analysis of critical buckling strength for a corrugated sheet under hydrostatic pressure","authors":"Shi Guijie , Cao Jiajun , Gao Dawei , Wan Zhong , Wang Deyu","doi":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2026.104012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2026.104012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membrane-type corrugated sheets have been used as the primary barriers for LNG carriers to reduce thermal and mechanical stress level. A small failure in primary barrier could cause severe leakage consequences. As the ship capacity increases, the action loads on the primary barrier also rise, making the corrugated sheets more prone to structural failure. This paper focuses on the buckling strength of a corrugated sheet under hydrostatic pressure. In this research, a series of symmetric and asymmetric hydrostatic pressure tests were carried out on a new type of corrugated sheets. Displacement, strain, and hydrostatic pressure were measured to provide comprehensive data on the weak parts of the corrugated sheet. Three-dimensional scanning revealed the deformation mode of the specimens after the test. FEM simulations were conducted to analyze the Mises stress distribution on the midspan section. Six different buckling criteria are defined, differing in physical quantity and buckling point selection. Their advantages, disadvantages, and applicability are discussed, providing the estimation of critical buckling strength from conservative to radical.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49879,"journal":{"name":"Marine Structures","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 104012"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work develops an experimentally validated multi-faceted fluid–structure interaction (FSI) model using LS-DYNA to investigate sequential sympathetic implosion of metallic cylinders in semi-confined underwater environments. The numerical model was first validated using experiments in which sequentially arranged aluminum cylinders underwent hydrostatic collapse in a semi-confined chamber, with transient pressure sensors capturing key response metrics. Numerical simulations replicated the observed collapse sequence. They matched the dynamic pressure–time response in both magnitude and timing, reinforcing confidence in the accuracy and predictive capability of the FSI framework. Following this successful validation, a series of parametric studies was conducted by varying the secondary cylinder’s length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio to investigate its influence on sympathetic implosion dynamics, energy absorption, and pressure wave evolution. Results show that increasing the L/D ratio of the secondary cylinder from 4 to 6 leads to earlier sympathetic collapse, greater than 14 % increase in kinetic energy absorption, and strain energy surpassing that of the primary cylinder. Pressure recordings and FSI profiles reveal peak overpressures escalating by 10–15 %, fluid jet velocities doubling (from ∼65 to ∼130 m s-1), and more coherent pressure rebound patterns as slenderness increases. These findings reveal key relationships, including that higher L/D ratios accelerate energy transfer, amplify collapse intensity, and produce stronger, more focused pressure waves. Conversely, shorter cylinders exhibit delayed, impulsive collapse with reduced energy uptake. Overall, this work establishes a predictive framework for designing resilient clustered subsea systems by linking structural geometry, fluid–structure interaction, and shock dynamics to informed mitigation of cascading failure risks.
本文利用LS-DYNA建立了一个实验验证的多面流固相互作用（FSI）模型，用于研究半密闭水下环境中金属圆柱体的顺序交感内爆。数值模型首先通过实验进行验证，在实验中，顺序排列的铝瓶在半密闭腔室中进行静压坍塌，瞬态压力传感器捕获关键响应指标。数值模拟再现了观测到的崩塌顺序。他们在量级和时间上与动态压力-时间响应相匹配，增强了对FSI框架准确性和预测能力的信心。在成功验证后，通过改变次级柱的长径比（L/D）进行了一系列参数研究，以研究其对交感内爆动力学、能量吸收和压力波演变的影响。结果表明，将次柱的L/D比值从4提高到6，交感神经塌陷提前，动能吸收增加14%以上，应变能超过主柱。压力记录和FSI剖面显示，峰值超压上升了10 - 15%，流体喷射速度翻倍（从~ 65到~ 130 m s-1），并且随着细细的增加，压力反弹模式更加一致。这些发现揭示了关键关系，包括更高的L/D比加速了能量传递，放大了坍塌强度，并产生了更强、更集中的压力波。相反，较短的圆柱体表现出延迟的脉冲坍缩，能量摄取减少。总的来说，这项工作通过将结构几何、流固耦合和冲击动力学联系起来，为设计弹性集群海底系统建立了一个预测框架，以减轻级联故障风险。
{"title":"Sympathetic hydrostatic implosions and fluid-structure interaction of metallic cylinders in a semi-confined environment","authors":"Bolaji Oladipo , Helio Matos , Arun Shukla , Sumanta Das","doi":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2026.104010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2026.104010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work develops an experimentally validated multi-faceted fluid–structure interaction (FSI) model using LS-DYNA to investigate sequential sympathetic implosion of metallic cylinders in semi-confined underwater environments. The numerical model was first validated using experiments in which sequentially arranged aluminum cylinders underwent hydrostatic collapse in a semi-confined chamber, with transient pressure sensors capturing key response metrics. Numerical simulations replicated the observed collapse sequence. They matched the dynamic pressure–time response in both magnitude and timing, reinforcing confidence in the accuracy and predictive capability of the FSI framework. Following this successful validation, a series of parametric studies was conducted by varying the secondary cylinder’s length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio to investigate its influence on sympathetic implosion dynamics, energy absorption, and pressure wave evolution. Results show that increasing the L/D ratio of the secondary cylinder from 4 to 6 leads to earlier sympathetic collapse, greater than 14 % increase in kinetic energy absorption, and strain energy surpassing that of the primary cylinder. Pressure recordings and FSI profiles reveal peak overpressures escalating by 10–15 %, fluid jet velocities doubling (from ∼65 to ∼130 m s<sup>-1</sup>), and more coherent pressure rebound patterns as slenderness increases. These findings reveal key relationships, including that higher L/D ratios accelerate energy transfer, amplify collapse intensity, and produce stronger, more focused pressure waves. Conversely, shorter cylinders exhibit delayed, impulsive collapse with reduced energy uptake. Overall, this work establishes a predictive framework for designing resilient clustered subsea systems by linking structural geometry, fluid–structure interaction, and shock dynamics to informed mitigation of cascading failure risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49879,"journal":{"name":"Marine Structures","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 104010"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2026.104014
Qi Zhang, Ould el Moctar, Changqing Jiang
Offshore wind turbines consist of slender cylindrical members whose fatigue and ultimate strength govern both structural safety and cost. Accurate design requires reliable prediction of wave–structure interactions, including hydroelastic effects, which are often neglected in traditional rigid-body or decoupled analyses. This study implements a fully coupled CFD-FEM framework to investigate hydroelastic responses of a top-fixed flexible cylinder, representative of offshore wind turbine foundations. The framework combines a finite-volume Navier–Stokes solver with a nonlinear structural dynamics solver, validated against benchmark experiments for both rigid hydrodynamics and flexible structural behavior. Results demonstrate that structural flexibility fundamentally alters wave-induced loads, particularly when wave excitation frequencies approach the cylinder’s natural modes. Spectral analysis shows that rigid assumptions overpredict higher-order harmonics in short waves but underpredict key harmonics (2nd, 3rd) in long waves, leading to potentially non-conservative fatigue estimates. Increasing wave steepness amplifies nonlinear interactions and higher-order vibrations, which dominate fatigue-critical responses. These findings highlight the necessity of accounting for hydroelasticity in the design and lifetime assessment of offshore wind support structures to ensure both safety and cost efficiency.
{"title":"Hydroelasticity effects on wave-induced loads for flexible slender components in offshore wind turbines","authors":"Qi Zhang, Ould el Moctar, Changqing Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2026.104014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marstruc.2026.104014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Offshore wind turbines consist of slender cylindrical members whose fatigue and ultimate strength govern both structural safety and cost. Accurate design requires reliable prediction of wave–structure interactions, including hydroelastic effects, which are often neglected in traditional rigid-body or decoupled analyses. This study implements a fully coupled CFD-FEM framework to investigate hydroelastic responses of a top-fixed flexible cylinder, representative of offshore wind turbine foundations. The framework combines a finite-volume Navier–Stokes solver with a nonlinear structural dynamics solver, validated against benchmark experiments for both rigid hydrodynamics and flexible structural behavior. Results demonstrate that structural flexibility fundamentally alters wave-induced loads, particularly when wave excitation frequencies approach the cylinder’s natural modes. Spectral analysis shows that rigid assumptions overpredict higher-order harmonics in short waves but underpredict key harmonics (2nd, 3rd) in long waves, leading to potentially non-conservative fatigue estimates. Increasing wave steepness amplifies nonlinear interactions and higher-order vibrations, which dominate fatigue-critical responses. These findings highlight the necessity of accounting for hydroelasticity in the design and lifetime assessment of offshore wind support structures to ensure both safety and cost efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49879,"journal":{"name":"Marine Structures","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 104014"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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