Marine Structures最新文献_第6页

Development and performance study of a multi-degree-of-freedom loading device for real-time hybrid model testing of floating offshore wind turbines 用于浮式海上风力涡轮机实时混合模型试验的多自由度加载装置的开发与性能研究

IF 4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Marine Structures

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103717

Jie Fu , Wei Shi , Xu Han , Madjid Karimirad , Tao Wang , Xin Li

To address the challenges encountered in reproducing turbulent wind loads and scaling conflicts between the turbine and platform in traditional model tests for floating offshore wind turbines. This paper proposes a new real-time hybrid model test strategy with a multi-degree-of-freedom loading device. The design theories of the multi-degree-of-freedom loading device are thoroughly presented. Following this, a software-in-the-loop simulation system was constructed in MATLAB to develop simulation validation on the feasibility and load reproduction capability of the multi-degree-of-freedom loading device. This study addresses the challenges of scale conflicts and turbulent wind load reproduction in traditional model tests, providing a reference for the further development of real-time hybrid model testing techniques for floating offshore wind turbine. The results indicate that the thrust force error in the Fx direction is within 2 %, while the torque and bending moment errors in the Mx, My, and Mz directions are within 8 %. Finally, a hardware-in-the-loop testing system was established to conduct performance tests on the static and dynamic load reproduction capabilities of the multi-degree-of-freedom loading device. The dynamic load variation rate of the multi-degree-of-freedom loading device is 45 N/s, ensuring its capability for dynamic force changes at the scaled-down level. The reproducibility of aerodynamic loads on floating offshore wind turbine under steady wind and turbulent wind conditions by the multi-degree-of-freedom loading device is investigated. The maximum error in reproducing steady wind loads using the multi-degree-of-freedom loading device was found to be 3.7 %. In comparison, the maximum error in reproducing the average values of thrust force and torques in different directions under turbulent wind loads was 9.05 %. Within the 0–5 Hz frequency range, the aerodynamic loads in various directions achieved an energy recurrence rate of at least 99.2 %. It has been demonstrated that the thrust force, torque and bending moment of the floating offshore wind turbine can be effectively reproduced by the device, thereby mitigating the impact of scale effects on floating offshore wind turbine model testing.

为了解决浮式海上风力涡轮机在传统模型试验中再现湍流风载荷以及涡轮机与平台之间的比例冲突所遇到的挑战。本文提出了一种采用多自由度加载装置的新型实时混合模型试验策略。本文详细介绍了多自由度加载装置的设计理论。随后，在 MATLAB 中构建了软件在环仿真系统，对多自由度加载装置的可行性和负载再现能力进行了仿真验证。该研究解决了传统模型试验中尺度冲突和湍流风载荷再现的难题，为进一步开发浮式海上风电机组实时混合模型试验技术提供了参考。结果表明，Fx 方向的推力误差在 2% 以内，Mx、My 和 Mz 方向的扭矩和弯矩误差在 8% 以内。最后，建立了硬件在环测试系统，对多自由度加载装置的静态和动态载荷再现能力进行性能测试。多自由度加载装置的动态载荷变化率为 45 N/s，确保了其在按比例缩小水平上的动态力变化能力。研究了多自由度加载装置在平稳风和湍流风条件下对海上浮式风力涡轮机空气动力载荷的再现性。使用多自由度加载装置再现稳定风载荷的最大误差为 3.7%。相比之下，再现湍流风载荷下不同方向推力和扭矩平均值的最大误差为 9.05%。在 0-5 Hz 频率范围内，不同方向的空气动力载荷的能量重现率至少达到 99.2%。实验证明，该装置可以有效地再现浮式海上风力涡轮机的推力、扭矩和弯矩，从而减轻了规模效应对浮式海上风力涡轮机模型试验的影响。

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引用次数: 0

A frequency domain method for fully coupled modelling and dynamic analysis of floating wind turbines 用于浮动风力涡轮机全耦合建模和动态分析的频域方法

IF 4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Marine Structures

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103715

Peng Chen , Zhengshun Cheng , Shi Deng , Zhiqiang Hu , Torgeir Moan

In design of Floating Wind Turbines (FWTs), balancing computational efficiency with analytical accuracy is crucial, a challenge often unmet by time-domain methods. This study innovatively develops and verifies an efficient frequency domain method for fully coupled modelling and dynamic analysis of FWTs, termed DARwind-FD. The tower of the FWT is conceptualised as a beam, with the rotor-nacelle assembly (RNA) and the floating platform envisaged as rigid bodies situated at each extremity. The aerodynamic loads are evaluated utilising the Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory, supplemented with an analytical model accounting for added mass and damping. The hydrodynamic loads are assessed through the Linear Potential Flow theory, taking into account both first and second-order wave forces along with viscous effects. The mooring forces are analysed using a linearised stiffness matrix, derived from a quasi-static catenary methodology. The code-to-code verification of DARwind-FD is based on the OC4 DeepCwind semi-submersible platform with a 5MW wind turbine, aligns well with OpenFAST time-domain results in terms of dynamic responses such as platform motions, mooring tension, tower base bending moment, and nacelle acceleration under various conditions. The outcomes of this research offer robust technical support for the preliminary design and optimisation of FWTs, thereby contributing to the sustainable advancement of offshore wind energy systems.

在浮动风力涡轮机（FWT）的设计中，平衡计算效率与分析精度至关重要，而时域方法往往无法应对这一挑战。本研究创新性地开发并验证了一种高效的频域方法，用于浮动风力涡轮机的完全耦合建模和动态分析，称为 DARwind-FD。FWT 的塔架被设想为梁，转子-机舱组件 (RNA) 和浮动平台被设想为位于两端的刚体。空气动力载荷利用叶片动量（BEM）理论进行评估，并辅以考虑了附加质量和阻尼的分析模型。流体动力载荷通过线性势能流理论进行评估，考虑了一阶和二阶波力以及粘性效应。系泊力采用线性化刚度矩阵进行分析，该矩阵由准静态导管法得出。DARwind-FD 的代码对代码验证基于装有 5MW 风力涡轮机的 OC4 DeepCwind 半潜式平台，在平台运动、系泊张力、塔架基座弯矩和机舱加速度等动态响应方面与 OpenFAST 时域结果非常吻合。这项研究成果为全功率变流器的初步设计和优化提供了强有力的技术支持，从而为海上风能系统的可持续发展做出了贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical simulation of moored ships in level ice considering dynamic behavior of mooring cable 考虑系泊缆绳动态行为的平冰中系泊船舶的数值模拟

IF 4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Marine Structures

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103716

Jiaming Chen , Li Zhou , Shifeng Ding , Fang Li

This study develops a new numerical method to simulate the interaction between a moored ship and level ice, taking into account the time-domain effective tension of each mooring cable. Previous studies primarily focused on the ice load exerted on the hull, with an emphasis on accurately predicting of the dynamic ice load. However, for moored structures in polar regions, the mooring system often comes into direct contact with the ice rubble formed during icebreaking process, an interaction that has been largely overlooked in existing studies. The interaction between submerged ice rubble and mooring cables significantly affects both the mooring loads and global motion of the ship. The results show that: 1) When accounting for the ice collision force on the mooring cables, both the total ice force and effective tension on key cables match the experimental data; 2) For different mooring cables, the ice collision force either decreases and increases effective tension depending on the collision angle between the cable and ice rubble; 3) The ice load on the mooring cables play a critical role, significantly impacting both the cables and the entire system. The proposed model is reliable and offers an effective, convenient method for predicting the dynamic response of mooring cables under ice collision forces.

本研究开发了一种新的数值方法，用于模拟停泊船只与水平冰面之间的相互作用，同时考虑到每根系泊缆绳的时域有效张力。以往的研究主要关注冰对船体施加的载荷，重点是准确预测动态冰载荷。然而，对于极地地区的系泊结构而言，系泊系统往往会与破冰过程中形成的碎冰直接接触，而现有研究在很大程度上忽略了这种相互作用。水下碎冰与系泊电缆之间的相互作用会对系泊载荷和船舶的整体运动产生重大影响。研究结果表明1) 当考虑到冰对系泊缆绳的碰撞力时，关键缆绳上的总冰力和有效张力都与实验数据相吻合；2) 对于不同的系泊缆绳，冰碰撞力要么减小，要么增大，这取决于缆绳与冰碎石之间的碰撞角度；3) 系泊缆绳上的冰载荷起着关键作用，对缆绳和整个系统都有重大影响。所提出的模型是可靠的，为预测系泊缆索在冰碰撞力作用下的动态响应提供了一种有效、便捷的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of higher-order springing of a ship in regular waves by experimental analysis and two-way CFD-FEA coupled method 通过实验分析和双向 CFD-FEA 耦合方法研究船舶在规则波浪中的高阶弹簧作用

IF 4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Marine Structures

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103712

Binyang Xie , Sumit Kumar Pal , Kazuhiro Iijima , Akira Tatsumi , Timoteo Badalotti

In this paper, the higher-order springing phenomenon is addressed for a segmented barge ship model through experimental and numerical measures. An efficient in-house two-way coupled numerical solver between Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is developed and validated against experimental results. The coupling method is based on a domain-separated approach and necessitates the resolution of individual boundary value problems in distinct domains. To ensure convergence within these individual domains, an implicit numerical scheme is employed and further facilitated exchange of variables for coupling. The current approach emphasizes the overall convergence between two solvers, maintaining a strongly coupled setup to comprehensively address fluid-structure interaction phenomena, including added mass and damping effects. A series of tank tests were conducted first to measure the wave-induced sectional loads and motions, during which the springing responses to very high-order harmonics of wave load were observed. By comparing the numerical prediction with the tank test results for rigid body motion and flexible vertical bending moment (VBM), the proposed numerical method demonstrated agreement with experimental results, affirming its validity and robustness. Finally, the springing response up to 14th order harmonics is discussed and investigated.

本文通过实验和数值测量研究了分段驳船模型的高阶弹跳现象。在计算流体动力学（CFD）和有限元分析（FEA）之间开发了一种高效的内部双向耦合数值求解器，并根据实验结果进行了验证。耦合方法基于域分离法，需要在不同的域中解决单独的边界值问题。为确保这些单独域内的收敛性，采用了隐式数值方案，并进一步促进了耦合变量的交换。目前的方法强调两个求解器之间的整体收敛性，保持强耦合设置，以全面解决流固耦合现象，包括附加质量和阻尼效应。首先进行了一系列水箱试验，以测量波浪引起的断面载荷和运动，期间观察了波浪载荷的高阶谐波的弹跳响应。通过将刚体运动和柔性垂直弯矩（VBM）的数值预测与水箱试验结果进行比较，发现所提出的数值方法与试验结果一致，从而肯定了其有效性和稳健性。最后，讨论并研究了高达 14 次谐波的弹簧响应。

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引用次数: 0

Structural response and damage assessment method for subsea pipe-in-pipe subjected to anchor impact 海底管中管受到锚撞击时的结构响应和损伤评估方法

IF 4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Marine Structures

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103714

Fuheng Hou, Yanfei Chen, Yufeng Yan, Ruihao Liu, Rui li, Yu Liu, Rongfeng Zhong

The pipe-in-pipe system is widely used in the development and transportation of offshore oil and gas resources. The damage caused by anchor impacts on the pipe-in-pipe system has long been a focal point and challenge in both engineering and academic fields. Numerical simulation method is employed to investigate the impact process of anchors on pipe-in-pipe systems, revealing the variation patterns of pipeline deformation response over time. The structural response of the pipe-in-pipe system to dropped anchor impacts is studied from multiple perspectives, including deformation, energy, and load transfer. The influence of pipe-in-pipe characteristic parameters, anchor characteristic parameters, centralizers, and bulkheads on the extent of impact damage is analyzed, establishing a relationship between the absorbed energy and the damage to the pipe-in-pipe. The results indicate that the impact energy primarily depends on the mass and velocity of the anchor. Energy is conserved during the impact process. It is found that even with different anchor masses and velocities, the extent of damage to the pipe-in-pipe system remains the same if the impact energy is identical. High-strength steel, large diameter, and thick-walled pipelines exhibit better resistance to impact loads. Additionally, centralizers and bulkheads mitigate the impact damage to the pipe-in-pipe system. Finally, an evaluation method for pipe-in-pipe impact damage due to dropped anchors is proposed. It is discovered that the assessment method for pipelines impacted by dropped anchors in the DNV-RP-F107 standard tends to be conservative when the impact energy is high. The findings of this study provide technical support for the integrity management of pipe-in-pipe systems.

管中管系统广泛应用于海洋油气资源的开发和运输。长期以来，锚杆撞击对管中管系统造成的破坏一直是工程和学术领域的焦点和难点。本文采用数值模拟方法研究了锚具对管中管系统的冲击过程，揭示了管道变形响应随时间的变化规律。从变形、能量和载荷传递等多个角度研究了管中管系统在抛锚冲击下的结构响应。分析了管中管特性参数、锚杆特性参数、集中器和隔板对冲击破坏程度的影响，建立了吸收的能量与管中管破坏之间的关系。结果表明，冲击能量主要取决于锚的质量和速度。在冲击过程中，能量是守恒的。研究发现，即使锚栓的质量和速度不同，如果冲击能量相同，管中管系统的损坏程度也是相同的。高强度钢、大直径和厚壁管道能更好地抵抗冲击荷载。此外，集中器和隔板可减轻管中管系统受到的冲击破坏。最后，还提出了一种因锚栓掉落而造成管中管撞击损坏的评估方法。研究发现，当冲击能量较高时，DNV-RP-F107 标准中针对管道受抛锚影响的评估方法趋于保守。该研究结果为管中管系统的完整性管理提供了技术支持。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Experimental investigation of nonlinear springing of ultra-large container ship in regular waves” [Mar Struct 99, January 2025, 103697] “超大型集装箱船在规则波浪中非线性弹簧的实验研究”的勘误表[Mar Struct 99， January 2025, 103697]

IF 4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Marine Structures

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103710

Hailong Si , Chao Tian , Jun Yang , Yanchao Geng , Nan Zhao , Jiajun Hu , Junhua Zhan

引用次数: 0

Numerical analysis of vortex-induced vibration of deepwater drilling riser based on Van der Pol wake oscillator model 基于范德波尔唤醒振荡器模型的深水钻井隔水管涡流诱导振动数值分析

IF 4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Marine Structures

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103711

Guangrui Zhang, Yanbin Wang, Deli Gao

Coupled equations of the dynamic model and the Van der Pol wake oscillator model are solved by the central finite difference method for the deepwater drilling riser. The vortex-induced vibration (VIV) response and fatigue life of the riser are calculated and the model validation is performed by comparing with the published experimental and simulation results. The effects of the top tension, current flow velocity, flow velocity profile, internal flow velocity as well as the installation of buoyancy modules on the VIV are discussed. Dynamic response and fatigue life of the riser under In-Line (IL) and Cross-Flow (CF) VIV are preliminarily analyzed. The results show that the VIV of the riser has multiple modes and exhibits a mixed behavior of standing waves and traveling waves. With the increase of top tension and flow velocity profile coefficient, the order of the VIV dominant mode and the peak values of the root mean square (RMS) of VIV displacement decrease, and the fatigue life of the riser is extended. With the increase of current flow velocity, the order of the VIV dominant mode increases and the riser fatigue life decreases. The effect of internal flow velocity on the riser VIV is neglectable. The installation of buoyancy modules can improve the riser stress state and extend the fatigue life. Compared with the CF VIV model, the calculated minimum fatigue life of the riser is extended under the IL and CF coupled VIV model due to the decrease of bending moment and the changing position of fatigue weak point.

采用中心有限差分法求解了深水钻井隔水管动态模型和范德波尔唤醒振荡器模型的耦合方程。计算了立管的涡流诱导振动（VIV）响应和疲劳寿命，并通过与已公布的实验和模拟结果进行对比，对模型进行了验证。讨论了顶部张力、水流速度、流速剖面、内部流速以及浮力模块的安装对 VIV 的影响。初步分析了立管在直列（IL）和横流（CF）VIV 条件下的动态响应和疲劳寿命。结果表明，立管的 VIV 具有多种模式，并表现出驻波和行波的混合行为。随着顶部张力和流速剖面系数的增加，VIV 主导模态的阶数和 VIV 位移均方根（RMS）的峰值降低，立管的疲劳寿命延长。随着流速的增加，VIV 主模的阶数增加，立管的疲劳寿命缩短。内部流速对立管 VIV 的影响可以忽略。安装浮力模块可以改善立管应力状态，延长疲劳寿命。与 CF VIV 模型相比，在 IL 和 CF 耦合 VIV 模型下，由于弯矩的减小和疲劳弱点位置的改变，计算出的立管最小疲劳寿命延长了。

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引用次数: 0

LJF of thin-walled gapped uni-planar K-type tubular steel joints with collar under brace balanced axial loads 带套环的薄壁间隙单平面 K 型管状钢接头在支撑平衡轴向载荷作用下的 LJF

IF 4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Marine Structures

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103713

Hossein Nassiraei , Hamid Reza Chavoshi , Siamak Talatahari

This paper investigates the efficacy of the collar plate in improving the Local Joint Flexibility (LJF) of thin-walled circular hollow section (CHS) K-joints under axial loads. Initially, a finite element model (FEM) was created and verified against data from 14 available experimental tests. Subsequently, an extensive series of 136 unreinforced and reinforced K-joints was simulated to analyze the influence of parameters such as collar plate dimensions (η and λ), brace angle (θ), and joint geometry (β, ξ, and γ) on the LJF factor (f_LJF) and the f_LJF ratio (χ). The FEMs incorporated plate-to-member contact and weld modeling. Findings indicate that the utilization of the plate reduces the f_LJF by 73 %. Additionally, it was observed that plate length significantly affects the f_LJF compared to plate thickness. While the impact of γ, θ, and ξ on χ is marginal, β, η and λ emerge as a noteworthy determinant of χ. Despite the pivotal role of f_LJF in joint behavior, there exists a gap in studies and equations specifically addressing f_LJF in collar-plate reinforced K-joints under axial loads. To address this gap, leveraging the FE results, a design equation is proposed. This equation is subsequently validated with high coefficients of determination and standards set by the UK Department of Energy.

本文研究了领圈板在改善薄壁圆形空心截面（CHS）K 型关节在轴向载荷作用下的局部关节柔韧性（LJF）方面的功效。首先，创建了一个有限元模型（FEM），并根据 14 项可用实验测试的数据进行了验证。随后，对 136 个未加固和加固的 K 型接头进行了大量模拟，以分析领圈板尺寸（η 和 λ）、支撑角（θ）和接头几何形状（β、ξ 和 γ）等参数对 LJF 因子（fLJF）和 fLJF 比率（χ）的影响。有限元模型包括板件接触和焊接建模。研究结果表明，使用钢板可将 fLJF 降低 73%。此外，与钢板厚度相比，钢板长度对 fLJF 的影响更大。γ、θ 和 ξ 对 χ 的影响微乎其微，而 β、η 和 λ 则是 χ 的重要决定因素。尽管 fLJF 在关节行为中起着举足轻重的作用，但专门针对轴向载荷作用下领板式加固 K 型关节中 fLJF 的研究和方程式仍存在空白。为了弥补这一不足，我们利用有限元分析结果提出了一个设计方程。该方程随后通过英国能源部设定的高确定系数和标准进行了验证。

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引用次数: 0

A Kane-based time domain hydrodynamic analysis method for hinged multi-floating bodies under irregular wave conditions 不规则波浪条件下铰链式多浮体的基于 Kane 的时域流体力学分析方法

IF 4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Marine Structures

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103708

Junyi Liu , Xujun Chen , Song Ji , Guizhang Hu , Yuji Miao

To better investigate the hydrodynamic responses of hinged multiple floating body system in irregular waves, a novel Kane-based time domain model is established and the associated calculation program is developed in conjunction with the potential theory and the catenary theory. The reduced Kane equations suitable for the dynamic response of moored multi-floating body system with hinges in irregular waves are firstly deduced, and then an experiment of hinged floating bridge performed in a wave tank is briefly introduced. Following the validation of the Kane-based model based on the comparisons between the predictions and the observations of the model test in several irregular wave conditions, an investigation of the influence of wave parameters in JONSWAP spectrum on the dynamic response of the system is further conducted. The associated results indicate that the heave motions, the pitch motions and the vertical connector loads of the hinged pontoons decrease nonlinearly with the growth of peak frequency under general sea conditions, while the peak enhancement factor has little influence on the dynamic responses of the hinged floating bridge. In addition, the first pontoon in the hinged floating bridge shows the greatest motion responses, and more attention should be paid to its dynamic response during analysing the security of hinged floating bridge.

为了更好地研究铰链式多浮体系统在不规则波浪中的水动力响应，结合势理论和导管理论，建立了一个新颖的基于 Kane 的时域模型，并开发了相关的计算程序。首先推导出适用于带铰链的系泊多浮体系统在不规则波浪中动态响应的还原凯恩方程，然后简要介绍了在波浪槽中进行的铰链浮桥实验。根据模型试验在几种不规则波浪条件下的预测值和观测值之间的比较，对基于 Kane 的模型进行了验证，然后进一步研究了 JONSWAP 波谱中的波浪参数对系统动态响应的影响。相关结果表明，在一般海况下，铰链浮桥的翻腾运动、俯仰运动和垂直连接器载荷随峰值频率的增长而非线性减小，而峰值增强因子对铰链浮桥的动态响应影响不大。此外，铰链浮桥中的第一个浮桥的运动响应最大，在分析铰链浮桥的安全性时应更加关注其动态响应。

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引用次数: 0

Support condition identification for monopile-supported offshore wind turbines based on time domain model updating 基于时域模型更新的单桩支撑海上风力涡轮机支撑条件识别

IF 4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Marine Structures

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103709

Jun Liang , Bence Kato , Yuhao Fu , Ying Wang

The soil-structure interaction (SSI), which presents intricate nonlinearities and inevitably varies throughout the structural lifetime, is critical for the structural performance of monopile-supported offshore wind turbines (OWTs). Since its direct monitoring is challenging, a new time domain model updating method for support condition identification of monopile-supported OWTs is proposed in this study. A distributed spring-dashpot model incorporating nonlinear stiffness and damping is used to simulate the SSI. Time-domain responses of the OWT are used to construct the objective function for model updating. Vibration tests on a scaled model of the DTU 10 MW OWT are performed in the laboratory to verify the proposed method. The model updating results based on the test data show that the mean squared error between simulated and measured responses is less than 0.011, significantly smaller than the results obtained by using the traditional frequency-domain model updating methods. These findings demonstrated that the proposed distributed spring-dashpot model can accurately capture the complex nonlinearity in SSI and that the proposed time-domain model updating method can be used to identify the support conditions of monopile-supported OWTs. The methodology is expected to contribute significantly to enhancing the efficiency of the operation and maintanence for OWTs.

土壤-结构相互作用（SSI）具有复杂的非线性，在整个结构寿命期间不可避免地会发生变化，这对单桩支撑海上风力涡轮机（OWT）的结构性能至关重要。由于对其进行直接监测具有挑战性，本研究提出了一种新的时域模型更新方法，用于识别单桩支撑海上风力涡轮机的支撑状况。采用包含非线性刚度和阻尼的分布式弹簧-底盘模型来模拟 SSI。OWT 的时域响应用于构建模型更新的目标函数。在实验室中对 DTU 10 MW OWT 的缩放模型进行了振动测试，以验证所提出的方法。基于测试数据的模型更新结果表明，模拟响应与测量响应之间的均方误差小于 0.011，明显小于使用传统频域模型更新方法得到的结果。这些研究结果表明，所提出的分布式弹簧-底座模型能够准确捕捉 SSI 中的复杂非线性，而且所提出的时域模型更新方法可用于确定单桩支撑 OWT 的支撑条件。该方法有望极大地提高风电场的运行和维护效率。

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引用次数: 0