Pub Date : 2013-10-16DOI: 10.1080/00405000.2013.782847
Belkıs ZERVENT ÜNAL, H. Özdemir
In the study, it is aimed to experimentally and statistically compare the results of selected three different water absorption test methods and for this purpose, terry fabrics having different physical properties and pretreated with sodium hydroxide were used as samples. Correlation and curve estimation analyses were carried out using the obtained hydrophilicity values and degrees as input data. As a result, it was determined that 50% of the samples have the same hydrophilicity degree in three test methods, and a high correlation was detected between the hydrophilicity degrees obtained by water flow and drop tests. In addition, generally, it was concluded that increasing pile height and weight in water have positive effects on hydrophilicity property.
{"title":"Experimental and statistical comparison of selected water absorption test methods","authors":"Belkıs ZERVENT ÜNAL, H. Özdemir","doi":"10.1080/00405000.2013.782847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2013.782847","url":null,"abstract":"In the study, it is aimed to experimentally and statistically compare the results of selected three different water absorption test methods and for this purpose, terry fabrics having different physical properties and pretreated with sodium hydroxide were used as samples. Correlation and curve estimation analyses were carried out using the obtained hydrophilicity values and degrees as input data. As a result, it was determined that 50% of the samples have the same hydrophilicity degree in three test methods, and a high correlation was detected between the hydrophilicity degrees obtained by water flow and drop tests. In addition, generally, it was concluded that increasing pile height and weight in water have positive effects on hydrophilicity property.","PeriodicalId":49978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Textile Institute","volume":"72 1","pages":"1178 - 1185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2013-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00405000.2013.782847","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58871099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-09-01DOI: 10.1080/00405000.2013.770957
A. Salehi Rad, S. M. Hosseini Varkiyani, M. Haghighat Kish
Samples of water-logged needle-punched mats of hollow and solid polyester (polyethylene terephthalate) fibres and their blends are centrifuged and the amount of water retained was measured to evaluate the relative water retention in hollow and solid fibres. Different weight fractions of hollow fibres, nominally 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%, were used and the effects of weight fraction of hollow fibres on the water retentions were determined. Theoretical analysis is presented to show that the ratio of water retention in hollow fibre to that of solid cylindrical fibres with equal linear density is proportional to , and for equal outside radius, it is proportional to , where k is the ratio of inside radius to outside radius of tubular fibres. With the increase of hollow fibres-weight fractions in the blends, water retention values increase according to the simple rule of mixtures.
{"title":"Water retention in hollow fibres nonwoven mat","authors":"A. Salehi Rad, S. M. Hosseini Varkiyani, M. Haghighat Kish","doi":"10.1080/00405000.2013.770957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2013.770957","url":null,"abstract":"Samples of water-logged needle-punched mats of hollow and solid polyester (polyethylene terephthalate) fibres and their blends are centrifuged and the amount of water retained was measured to evaluate the relative water retention in hollow and solid fibres. Different weight fractions of hollow fibres, nominally 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%, were used and the effects of weight fraction of hollow fibres on the water retentions were determined. Theoretical analysis is presented to show that the ratio of water retention in hollow fibre to that of solid cylindrical fibres with equal linear density is proportional to , and for equal outside radius, it is proportional to , where k is the ratio of inside radius to outside radius of tubular fibres. With the increase of hollow fibres-weight fractions in the blends, water retention values increase according to the simple rule of mixtures.","PeriodicalId":49978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Textile Institute","volume":"104 1","pages":"1002 - 994"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00405000.2013.770957","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58871034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-14DOI: 10.1080/00405000.2012.743648
Liu Xinjin, Su Xuzhong
Yarn torque is one of the most important indexes of yarn quality, which is determined on the mechanical state of the constituent fibers and their configuration in the yarn. The fiber tension within a yarn was proposed to be the most influential factor governing the magnitude of yarn torque by Bennett and Postle. Therefore, the research on Sirospun yarn torque is investigated by analyzing the fiber tension at spinning triangle in this paper. Firstly, theoretical models of the fiber tension distributions at primary and final spinning triangles are presented, and corresponding residual torque within a yarn due to the fiber tension is given. The relationships between the yarn torque and the spinning triangle parameters are analyzed theoretically. Secondly, as an application of the proposed method, a modified Sirospun spinning system with an airflow false twisting device which can change spinning triangle parameters are investigated, and the properties of spun yarns produced by the modified system are evaluate...
{"title":"Research on Sirospun yarn torque using airflow false twisting device","authors":"Liu Xinjin, Su Xuzhong","doi":"10.1080/00405000.2012.743648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2012.743648","url":null,"abstract":"Yarn torque is one of the most important indexes of yarn quality, which is determined on the mechanical state of the constituent fibers and their configuration in the yarn. The fiber tension within a yarn was proposed to be the most influential factor governing the magnitude of yarn torque by Bennett and Postle. Therefore, the research on Sirospun yarn torque is investigated by analyzing the fiber tension at spinning triangle in this paper. Firstly, theoretical models of the fiber tension distributions at primary and final spinning triangles are presented, and corresponding residual torque within a yarn due to the fiber tension is given. The relationships between the yarn torque and the spinning triangle parameters are analyzed theoretically. Secondly, as an application of the proposed method, a modified Sirospun spinning system with an airflow false twisting device which can change spinning triangle parameters are investigated, and the properties of spun yarns produced by the modified system are evaluate...","PeriodicalId":49978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Textile Institute","volume":"104 1","pages":"473-480"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2013-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00405000.2012.743648","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58870987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.1080/00405000.2011.603509
Belkıs ZERVENT ÜNAL
An experimental study was carried out to determine the effects of the selected sewing parameters in denim fabric on seam strength, and the results were analyzed statistically and graphically. Subsequently, a regression analysis was performed on data obtained in the experiments in order to create equipments to predict weft and warp seam strengths before production and consequently equipments with high validity were obtained.
{"title":"The prediction of seam strength of denim fabrics with mathematical equations","authors":"Belkıs ZERVENT ÜNAL","doi":"10.1080/00405000.2011.603509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2011.603509","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental study was carried out to determine the effects of the selected sewing parameters in denim fabric on seam strength, and the results were analyzed statistically and graphically. Subsequently, a regression analysis was performed on data obtained in the experiments in order to create equipments to predict weft and warp seam strengths before production and consequently equipments with high validity were obtained.","PeriodicalId":49978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Textile Institute","volume":"27 1","pages":"744 - 751"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00405000.2011.603509","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58870974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-01DOI: 10.1080/00405000.2010.482347
R. Tuğrul Oğulata, Serin Mavruz Mezarcioz
Air permeability is often used in evaluating and comparing the “breathability” of various fabrics for end uses such as raincoats, tents, and uniform shirtings. This paper focuses on the optimization of yarn and fabric factors affecting the air permeability of knitted fabrics. For this purpose, the Taguchi experimental design technique, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and signal‐to‐noise (S/N) ratio were used. Instead of 27 different fabric configurations, with respect to full factorial design, only nine fabric configurations with respect to Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal design were knitted and tested. As a result of these experiments, the fabric configuration satisfying the maximum air permeability value was determined, which showed considerable improvement in the S/N ratio as compared with the initial design.
{"title":"Optimization of air permeability of knitted fabrics with the Taguchi approach","authors":"R. Tuğrul Oğulata, Serin Mavruz Mezarcioz","doi":"10.1080/00405000.2010.482347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2010.482347","url":null,"abstract":"Air permeability is often used in evaluating and comparing the “breathability” of various fabrics for end uses such as raincoats, tents, and uniform shirtings. This paper focuses on the optimization of yarn and fabric factors affecting the air permeability of knitted fabrics. For this purpose, the Taguchi experimental design technique, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and signal‐to‐noise (S/N) ratio were used. Instead of 27 different fabric configurations, with respect to full factorial design, only nine fabric configurations with respect to Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal design were knitted and tested. As a result of these experiments, the fabric configuration satisfying the maximum air permeability value was determined, which showed considerable improvement in the S/N ratio as compared with the initial design.","PeriodicalId":49978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Textile Institute","volume":"48 1","pages":"395 - 404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2011-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00405000.2010.482347","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58871422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.1080/00405000903561430
Vinay Kumar Midha
The properties of needled fabrics depend on the nature of component fibers and the manner in which fibers are arranged in the structure. Fiber properties along with the various machine and web parameters contribute to the structure that emerges from the needling operation. In this paper, the effect of machine parameters such as depth of needle penetration and punch density on fabric stiffness and abrasion resistance of needled blankets has been studied. The effect of calendering and sandwiching hollow polyester fibers between two layers of fine polyester fibers on the abrasion resistance and fabric stiffness has also been studied. It was observed that fabric stiffness first increases and then decreases as the depth of needle penetration increases. Increase in punch density leads to a decrease in fabric stiffness only at higher levels of depth of penetration due to fiber rupture. Calendering improves the fabric abrasion resistance properties but fabric stiffness also increases. Sandwiching of hollow polyester fibers between the two layers of fine denier polyester fibers improves the abrasion resistance without increasing the fabric stiffness.
{"title":"Study of stiffness and abrasion resistance of needle‐punched nonwoven blankets","authors":"Vinay Kumar Midha","doi":"10.1080/00405000903561430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000903561430","url":null,"abstract":"The properties of needled fabrics depend on the nature of component fibers and the manner in which fibers are arranged in the structure. Fiber properties along with the various machine and web parameters contribute to the structure that emerges from the needling operation. In this paper, the effect of machine parameters such as depth of needle penetration and punch density on fabric stiffness and abrasion resistance of needled blankets has been studied. The effect of calendering and sandwiching hollow polyester fibers between two layers of fine polyester fibers on the abrasion resistance and fabric stiffness has also been studied. It was observed that fabric stiffness first increases and then decreases as the depth of needle penetration increases. Increase in punch density leads to a decrease in fabric stiffness only at higher levels of depth of penetration due to fiber rupture. Calendering improves the fabric abrasion resistance properties but fabric stiffness also increases. Sandwiching of hollow polyester fibers between the two layers of fine denier polyester fibers improves the abrasion resistance without increasing the fabric stiffness.","PeriodicalId":49978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Textile Institute","volume":"102 1","pages":"126 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00405000903561430","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58871470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-04-12DOI: 10.1080/00405000802440066
K. Bilisik †
Multiaxis 3D-woven carbon preforms are fabricated using prototyped multiaxis weaving. The fabricated preform has structural instability at thickness. For this reason, the structural parameter and processing parameters were evaluated to make uniform preform and to understand the preform-process relations. The important process parameters are identified and described to enhance the preform and unit cell architecture. Also, preform structural parameters are analyzed in terms of fiber cross-section and fiber tow size, bias angle, and fiber waviness. The useful recommendation is also to make uniform multiaxis 3D-woven preform for composites.
{"title":"Dimensional stability of multiaxis 3D-woven carbon preforms","authors":"K. Bilisik †","doi":"10.1080/00405000802440066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000802440066","url":null,"abstract":"Multiaxis 3D-woven carbon preforms are fabricated using prototyped multiaxis weaving. The fabricated preform has structural instability at thickness. For this reason, the structural parameter and processing parameters were evaluated to make uniform preform and to understand the preform-process relations. The important process parameters are identified and described to enhance the preform and unit cell architecture. Also, preform structural parameters are analyzed in terms of fiber cross-section and fiber tow size, bias angle, and fiber waviness. The useful recommendation is also to make uniform multiaxis 3D-woven preform for composites.","PeriodicalId":49978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Textile Institute","volume":"16 1","pages":"380 - 388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2010-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00405000802440066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58871952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-19DOI: 10.1080/00405000701502446
M. Hann, B. Thomas
Abstract The systematic colouring of plane patterns results in a finite number of combinations, when using a given number of colours. This paper introduces a range of concepts associated with the perfect colouring of plane patterns, and presents illustrative examples of 23 three-colour-counterchange possibilities.
{"title":"Beyond black and white: A note concerning three-colour-counterchange patterns","authors":"M. Hann, B. Thomas","doi":"10.1080/00405000701502446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000701502446","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The systematic colouring of plane patterns results in a finite number of combinations, when using a given number of colours. This paper introduces a range of concepts associated with the perfect colouring of plane patterns, and presents illustrative examples of 23 three-colour-counterchange possibilities.","PeriodicalId":49978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Textile Institute","volume":"210 1","pages":"539-547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2007-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00405000701502446","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58871932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1080/00405009908690632
Bugao Xu, S. Sreenivasan
This paper reports the development of an automated, accurate system for 3-D body imaging and measurement. The system consists of a digital camera, a rotary stage, a lighting booth, and the software for 3-D body image analysis. The body dimensions that can be measured using this system include the length of a body surface curve (e.g. apex and crotch), the body circumference at a given height (e.g. bust and waist), and other dimensions useful for apparel pattern design. The paper also presents a multi-view algorithm for depth recovery, and the main procedures for body surface modeling based on the theory of differential geometry.
{"title":"A 3-D Body Imaging and Measurement System for Apparel Customization","authors":"Bugao Xu, S. Sreenivasan","doi":"10.1080/00405009908690632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00405009908690632","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the development of an automated, accurate system for 3-D body imaging and measurement. The system consists of a digital camera, a rotary stage, a lighting booth, and the software for 3-D body image analysis. The body dimensions that can be measured using this system include the length of a body surface curve (e.g. apex and crotch), the body circumference at a given height (e.g. bust and waist), and other dimensions useful for apparel pattern design. The paper also presents a multi-view algorithm for depth recovery, and the main procedures for body surface modeling based on the theory of differential geometry.","PeriodicalId":49978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Textile Institute","volume":"90 1","pages":"104-120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00405009908690632","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58906327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1080/00405000.1999.10750051
M. Ussman, A. Manich, J. Gacén, J. Maillo
Tensile tests on acrylic yarns and fibres extracted from various steps of textile processing reveal mechanical and thermal modifications due to the manufacturing operations. To examine this, viscoelastic modelling based on mechanistic models for fitting experimental data of tensile tests were investigated. Crystalline/amorphous distribution was assessed by the differential solubility technique, and the models account for changes in property values due to microstructure modifications.
{"title":"Viscoelastic Behaviour and Microstructural Modifications in Acrylic Fibres and Yams as a Function of Textile Manufacturing Processing Conditions","authors":"M. Ussman, A. Manich, J. Gacén, J. Maillo","doi":"10.1080/00405000.1999.10750051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.1999.10750051","url":null,"abstract":"Tensile tests on acrylic yarns and fibres extracted from various steps of textile processing reveal mechanical and thermal modifications due to the manufacturing operations. To examine this, viscoelastic modelling based on mechanistic models for fitting experimental data of tensile tests were investigated. Crystalline/amorphous distribution was assessed by the differential solubility technique, and the models account for changes in property values due to microstructure modifications.","PeriodicalId":49978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Textile Institute","volume":"90 1","pages":"526-540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00405000.1999.10750051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58871157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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