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Implementation Of Islamic Education Learning (Pai) Design Based Independent Curriculum At Namira Islamic High School Medan 基于伊斯兰教育学习(Pai)设计的独立课程在棉兰Namira伊斯兰高中的实施
Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.631
Nazaruddin Nazaruddin, Afrahul Fadhila Daulay, Salamuddin Salamuddin
One of the presences of the Independent Curriculum is a form of curriculum innovation carried out by the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia to improve the quality of education. Curriculum innovation refers to using potential part of the curriculum to propose new curriculum ideas or practices in order to solve educational problem or achieve certain goals. This is the case at Namira Islamic High School Medan. Since 2022, it has implemented an independent curriculum based on the demands of being a driving School/pilot School. The research aimed to find out: (1) Independent Curriculum-based PAI Learning Planning at Namira Islamic High School Medan (2) Implementation of Independent Curriculum-based PAI Learning at Namira Islamic High School Medan (3) Evaluation of Independent Curriculum-based PAI Learning at Namira Islamic High School Medan (4) Challenges and Obstacles to Implementing PAI Learning Design at Islamira High School Medan. This research is a type of Qualitative research using observation, interview and documentation methods. Furthermore, the analysis uses a qualitative descriptive method, namely reducing the data that produces findings and then analyzing them to produce conclusive conclusions using an inductive approach. The results of this study generally show that the implementation of Merdeka Curriculum-based PAI learning design at Namira Islamic High School can be carried out well even though it is still in the Learnig by doing adjustment stage. The design begins with consensus (Annual Meeting, Training and Socialization), teaching modules, and determining learning strategies and methods that are PAIKEM GEMBROT (Active Innovative Creative Effective Learning Fun and Totality) and Multimedia. Learning implementation is facilitated by educators as facilitators. Educators are the key to creating independent learning by understanding the totality of the Independent Curriculum learning concept itself. Learning evaluation uses the concept of diagnostic, formative and summative assessments, all of which become a measuring tool for the achievement of student learning outcomes.
独立课程的存在之一是印度尼西亚共和国教育和文化部长为提高教育质量而进行的一种课程创新形式。课程创新是指利用课程的潜力部分,为解决教育问题或达到一定的目标,提出新的课程理念或实践。这就是棉兰Namira伊斯兰高中的情况。自2022年起,学校根据驾驶学校/飞行员学校的要求,实施独立的课程设置。本研究旨在找出:(1)棉兰奈米拉伊斯兰高中基于独立课程的PAI学习计划(2)基于独立课程的PAI学习在棉兰奈米拉伊斯兰高中的实施情况(3)基于独立课程的PAI学习在棉兰奈米拉伊斯兰高中的评价(4)在棉兰奈米拉伊斯兰高中实施PAI学习设计的挑战和障碍。本研究采用观察法、访谈法和文献法进行定性研究。此外,分析使用定性描述方法,即减少产生发现的数据,然后使用归纳方法分析它们以产生结论性结论。本研究结果总体上表明,基于默迪卡课程的PAI学习设计在Namira伊斯兰高中的实施,虽然还处于边做边学的调整阶段,但可以很好地进行。设计从共识(年会、培训和社交)、教学模块和确定学习策略和方法开始,这些策略和方法是PAIKEM GEMBROT(积极创新、创造、有效学习、乐趣和整体)和多媒体。教育工作者作为促进者促进学习的实施。教育者是创造自主学习的关键,理解自主课程学习概念本身的整体性。学习评价采用诊断性评价、形成性评价和总结性评价的概念,成为学生学习成果实现的衡量工具。
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引用次数: 0
The Influence Of Multiball Training On The Forehand Ability Of Table Tennis Athletes Towarded Ptmsi Pekanbaru 多球训练对乒乓球运动员正手素质的影响
Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.713
None Sayyidatul Mahdiah, None Romi Candra
The goal to be achieved in this study is to find out how much influence multiball training has on the forehand hitting ability of table tennis athletes assisted by PTMSI Pekanbaru. This type of research is research using the normality test, a method used by researchers to look for causal relationships—also called relationships between two factors—which are deliberately made by eliminating, reducing, or ignoring other disturbing factors. Meanwhile, to determine, under controlled conditions, the effect of the independent variable (treatment/treatment) on the independent variable (outcome. In this study, the variable (X1) is the effect of multiball training, variable (y) is the ability to hit the forehand, the research was carried out at Beautiful Beautiful Gorge marsan on PTMSI Pekanbaru athletes. The time used to carry out this research was for 12 meetings. The sampling was carried out in total sampling, where the population was used as a total sample of 10 coached athlete students. The instrument to be used in this study was a test table tennis backboard.Based on the results of the pree test calculation there is a very good score, namely 1 person with a score of 21, and the results of the post test calculation there is a very good value, namely 1 person with a score of 32. From the results of the pree test and post test calculations the value is very low, namely 0 % .
本研究的目的是了解多球训练对PTMSI北干巴鲁辅助乒乓球运动员正手击球能力的影响程度。这种类型的研究是使用正态性检验的研究,这是研究人员用来寻找因果关系的一种方法,也称为两个因素之间的关系,这种关系是通过故意消除、减少或忽略其他干扰因素而产生的。同时,在控制条件下,确定自变量(治疗/治疗)对自变量(结局)的影响。在本研究中,变量(X1)为多球训练的效果,变量(y)为正手击球能力,本研究在秀美峡马山对PTMSI北坎巴鲁运动员进行。进行这项研究的时间为12次会议。抽样采用总抽样的方式,其中人口为总样本,总样本为10名受过训练的运动员学生。本研究使用的仪器是一个测试乒乓球背板。根据测试前计算的结果有一个非常好的分数,即1人的分数为21,而测试后计算的结果有一个非常好的值,即1人的分数为32。从测试前和测试后的计算结果来看,该值非常低,即0%。
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引用次数: 0
Couter Radicalism in Central Java by Peace Education : The Central Java Regional Cyber Youth Peace Ambassador 和平教育在中爪哇打击激进主义:中爪哇地区网络青年和平大使
Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.714
None Raundoh Tul Jannah, None Endro Legowo, None Achmed Sukendro
Based on data on the arrest of perpetrators of terrorism, radicalism, and extremism among Central Java youth through social media terror networks from 2003-2022 has increased. Security disturbances and non-military threats in the form of ideology can cause social conflicts that disturb religious, social, and political peace in real and virtual life. The Central Java NCTA Cyber Youth Peace Ambassador is present as an organization engaged in the issue of peace education through digital literacy skills to play an active role in filling social media with peace narratives, national insights, and alternative narratives in an effort to prevent conflict due to radicalism and terrorism for the sake of National Security in Java Middle. The purpose of this study is to analyze the actions and roles undertaken during 2017-2022. Qualitative research methods, and constructivism research paradigm. The theories used are role theory, peace education, conflict, counter-propaganda for preventing radicalism, the concept of SISHANKAMRATA, and national security. The results of this study indicate that peace education efforts as counter-radicalism propaganda are carried out through two online and offline axles. NgrumPeace Program, Teng-Teng Crit, Content Sharing and Social Media (SKMS), Posters, Articles, Halte Rubric, SRAWUNG, Healthy DD, Audience, Gen Sae, and Company Profile. Efforts are not running optimally and must be optimized due to obstacles in constructing ideas, communication, and unclear legality of the organization. An active role is still not optimal, but it is very much needed as a concrete manifestation of youth involvement in efforts to maintain National Defense with the SISHANKAMRATA doctrine according to Law Number 3 of 2002 through digital and social literacy skills. Researchers recommend, further research is needed on the effectiveness of the role of Duta Damai, mapping the potential for radicalism among students including groups of people with disabilities in Central Java or other provinces.
根据2003年至2022年期间通过社交媒体网络在中爪哇青年中逮捕恐怖主义、激进主义和极端主义犯罪者的数据,恐怖活动有所增加。以意识形态形式出现的安全骚乱和非军事威胁可能引发社会冲突,从而扰乱现实和虚拟生活中的宗教、社会和政治和平。中爪哇NCTA网络青年和平大使作为一个组织,透过数位扫盲技能,参与和平教育议题,在社交媒体上积极传播和平叙事、国家见解和另类叙事,以防止因激进主义和恐怖主义而引发冲突,维护中爪哇的国家安全。本研究的目的是分析2017-2022年期间所采取的行动和角色。质性研究方法与建构主义研究范式。所使用的理论是角色理论、和平教育、冲突、防止激进主义的反宣传、siishankamrata概念和国家安全。本研究结果表明,和平教育作为反激进主义宣传的努力是通过线上和线下两个轴来进行的。NgrumPeace Program, Teng-Teng Crit,内容分享和社交媒体(SKMS),海报,文章,Halte Rubric, SRAWUNG, Healthy DD,受众,Gen Sae和公司简介。由于在构建思想、沟通和组织合法性不明确方面的障碍,工作没有达到最佳状态,必须进行优化。积极的角色仍然不是最理想的,但它是非常必要的,作为一个具体的表现,青年参与的努力,以维持国防与SISHANKAMRATA原则,根据2002年第3号法律,通过数字和社会素养技能。研究人员建议,需要对Duta Damai的作用的有效性进行进一步的研究,绘制出包括中爪哇或其他省份的残疾人群体在内的学生中激进主义的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Implementation of the Al-Qur'an Literacy Program to Improve the Ability to Read the Al-Qur'an at the Al-Abid Islamic Elementary School in Medan 在棉兰Al-Abid伊斯兰小学实施《古兰经扫盲计划》以提高阅读《古兰经》的能力
Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.612
Siti Nurhalizah, Amiruddin Siahaan, Afrahul Fadhila Daulai
The research aims to analyze: (1) the Al-Qur'an literacy program (2) the implementation of the Al-Qur'an literacy program (3) the evaluation process for the implementation of Al-Qur'an literacy (4) supporting factors and inhibiting factors for Al-Qur'an literacy 'an. This research was conducted at the Al-Abid Islamic elementary school in Medan Selayang. This research is qualitative analysis research with a descriptive approach. The data source is the wafa Qur'an literacy coordinator and the right brain wafa method book, while the secondary data source is library materials, literature and research first. Data collection instruments are documentation and interviews. Qualitative data analysis techniques include descriptions of material, construction and language aspects, while quantitative analysis of validity, reliability, level of difficulty, distinguishability and distractors. Research findings show: (1) Al-Qur'an literacy program at Al Islamic Private Elementary School -Abid refers to government regulations, in this case Minister of Education and Culture Regulation No. 23 of 2015 as a form of implementing literacy to support the educational process and teaching and learning activities. (2) Implementation of the Al-Qur'an literacy program, using the wafa method, using hijaz tones, using special Wafa books, using a level system, evaluation (3) Evaluation process of the results of implementing Al-Qur'an literacy, carried out every 2 weeks includes daily, weekly and monthly assessments to determine the extent of students' Al-Qur'an literacy results (4) Supporting and inhibiting factors for the Al-Qur'an literacy program, Supporting factors for Al-Qur'an literacy, Continuous method , Good cooperation between teachers and parents of students, Factors inhibiting Al-Qur'an literacy, From teacher factors, lack of time in teaching Al-Qur'an literacy, Students who do not repeat their lessons at home, Short implementation time.
本研究旨在分析:(1)《古兰经》扫盲计划;(2)《古兰经》扫盲计划的实施;(3)《古兰经》扫盲实施的评价过程;(4)《古兰经》扫盲计划的支持因素和抑制因素。这项研究是在棉兰西拉扬的阿比德伊斯兰小学进行的。本研究为定性分析研究,采用描述性研究方法。数据来源为《古兰经》识字协调器和右脑《古兰经》方法书,辅助数据来源为图书馆资料、文献和研究为先。数据收集工具是文件和访谈。定性数据分析技术包括对材料、结构和语言方面的描述,而定量分析则包括效度、信度、难度、可区分性和干扰因素。研究结果表明:(1)Al Islamic Private Elementary School -Abid的《古兰经扫盲计划》(Al- quan literacy program)参照政府法规,即2015年教育和文化部长第23号法规,作为实施扫盲以支持教育过程和教与学活动的一种形式。(2)《古兰经》识字计划的实施,使用瓦法法,使用hijazz音调,使用瓦法专用书籍,采用等级体系进行评价。(3)《古兰经》识字计划实施结果的评价过程,每2周进行一次,包括每日、每周和每月的评估,以确定学生的《古兰经》识字结果的程度。(4)《古兰经》识字计划的支持因素和抑制因素,《古兰经》识字的支持因素,《古兰经》识字的支持因素,《古兰经》识字的支持因素。连续法,教师与学生家长的良好配合,制约学生古兰经素养的因素,从教师因素来看,教授古兰经素养的时间不足,学生在家不重复上课,实施时间短。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Exchange Rate Differences and Inventory Turnover on Profit Quality and Their Impact on Firm Value in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era 新冠肺炎大流行时期汇率差异和库存周转率对利润质量的影响及其对企业价值的影响
Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.603
None Arisma Dwi Astuti, None Hari Setiyawati
The pandemic caused by Covid-19 has had an impact on the sustainability of companies in the world one of which is that sales have decreased along with restrictions on international export trading activities. Covid-19 makes it difficult to maintain consistency in generating profits, this shows that the industrial sector has its own way of surviving amidst a pandemic storm that has hit all countries in the world. The aims of this study are: (1) to determine the effect exchange rate differences during the covid-19 pandemic on profit quality conditions, (2) knowing the effect of inventory turnover during the pandemic Covid-19 on the condition of profit quality, and (3) knowing the quality of earnings has an impact on company value during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used is a quantitative research method, where the information provided can come from in-depth analysis of data collected first-hand, or from data that is already available. The population in this study were 41 companies in the industrial sector category listed on BE I, and 28 companies as the sample. Researchers in this study used secondary data collection techniques available on the Indonesian Stock Exchange during the study period. The results of the study show that (1) exchange rate differences have a significant positive effect on earnings quality during the Covid-19 pandemic. The increase in exchange rates during the Covid-19 pandemic made it profitable for companies to increase profits, (2) inventory turnover had a positive effect on profit quality during the Covid-19 pandemic, the company's financial performance was able to manage inventory turnover so that it was able to break down costs, provide input flows money comes in and increases profits which attract investors to invest in the industrial sector, and (3) profit quality has a positive effect on company value during the co-19 pandemic
新冠肺炎疫情对全球企业的可持续性产生了影响,其中之一是随着国际出口贸易活动的限制,销售额下降。新冠肺炎疫情使企业难以保持利润的一致性,这表明,在席卷世界各国的大流行风暴中,工业部门有自己的生存方式。本研究的目的是:(1)确定covid-19大流行期间汇率差异对利润质量条件的影响,(2)了解covid-19大流行期间库存周转率对利润质量条件的影响,以及(3)了解covid-19大流行期间盈余质量对公司价值的影响。所使用的方法是定量研究方法,其中提供的信息可以来自对第一手收集的数据的深入分析,也可以来自已经获得的数据。本研究的人口是在BE I上列出的41家工业部门类别的公司,28家公司作为样本。本研究的研究人员在研究期间使用了印度尼西亚证券交易所的二手数据收集技术。研究结果表明:(1)新冠肺炎疫情期间,汇率差异对盈余质量有显著的正向影响。(2)在新冠肺炎疫情期间,库存周转率对利润质量产生了积极影响,公司的财务业绩能够管理库存周转率,从而能够分解成本,提供投入流,资金流入,增加利润,吸引投资者投资工业部门。(3)在covid -19大流行期间,利润质量对公司价值有正向影响
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引用次数: 0
Communication Of The Crisis Of Hotel Ibis Budget Daan Mogot Jakarta In Facing The Covid-19 Pandemic 雅加达宜必思经济型达安莫戈特酒店在面对Covid-19大流行时的危机沟通
Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.624
Deny Hendriyatmoko, Marlinda Irwanti Poernomo
This study aims to understand the crisis response strategy that occurred at the Ibis Daan Mogot Hotel Jakarta in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used is case study research with a descriptive approach with qualitative data types. Researchers use a post-positivism paradigm because researchers want to build understanding regarding the crisis communication strategy of the Ibis Budget Daan Mogot Hotel Jakarta in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. The post-positivism paradigm trusts more in the process of verifying a finding of results using various methods so that researchers choose this paradigm. In this study the researcher is the key instrument, the data collection technique is carried out by triangulation or combination, the data analysis is inductive or qualitative, and the results of qualitative research emphasize meaning rather than generalization. In this study, Miles and Huberman's analytical techniques were used which consisted of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. In this study the researchers explored the truth of the information through interviews with various parties. In addition, researchers also make observations, archives, and photographs, as well as observing news and websites. The crisis that occurred at the Ibis Budget Hotel Jakarta Daan Mogot Jakarta was a crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic so that the crisis that occurred could be categorized as a victim cluster type of crisis because it was caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. In the victim cluster, it means that the Ibis Budget Hotel Jakarta Daan Mogot Jakarta positions itself as a victim so that the attribution that the company is responsible for the crisis is very weak. This provides an advantage for the Ibis Budget Hotel Jakarta Daan Mogot Jakarta because the threat to reputation is relatively mild.
本研究旨在了解雅加达宜必思达安莫格特酒店在应对Covid-19大流行时采取的危机应对策略。使用的研究方法是案例研究,采用定性数据类型的描述性方法。研究人员使用后实证主义范式,因为研究人员希望建立对雅加达宜必思达安莫格特酒店在应对Covid-19大流行时的危机沟通策略的理解。后实证主义范式更信任使用各种方法验证结果发现的过程,因此研究者选择了这一范式。在本研究中,研究者是关键工具,数据收集技术采用三角法或组合法,数据分析采用归纳法或定性法,定性研究的结果强调意义而非泛化。在本研究中,使用了Miles和Huberman的分析技术,包括数据简化,数据呈现和得出结论。在本研究中,研究人员通过对各方的访谈来探索信息的真实性。此外,研究人员还进行观察、档案和照片,以及观察新闻和网站。在雅加达Daan Mogot宜必思经济型酒店发生的危机是由新冠疫情引起的危机,因此可以将其归类为由新冠疫情引起的受害者群集型危机。在受害者集群中,这意味着雅加达Daan Mogot雅加达宜必思经济型酒店将自己定位为受害者,因此该公司对危机负责的归因非常弱。这为雅加达Daan Mogot宜必思经济型酒店提供了一个优势,因为对声誉的威胁相对较小。
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引用次数: 0
Infodemic Threat As an Obstacle in The Covid-19 Pandemic Handling in Indonesia 信息疫情威胁是印尼应对Covid-19大流行的障碍
Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.609
None Anastasyia Sukma Kundhalini, None Mochammmad Afifuddin, None Pujo Widodo
The large wave of information that occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic was caused by limited knowledge regarding this spreading disease. Information that is abundant and confusing and spreads quickly by WHO is called an infodemic. The infodemic resulted in the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic not being resolved easily because it changed people's perceptions and people's compliance with government policies. This study aims to discuss the infodemic that occurred in Indonesia during the 2020-2021 Covid-19 pandemic using a case study approach. This research found that during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020-2021, the infodemic in Indonesia occurred in the form of hoaxes that affected the wider community so there was confusion of information that affected the handling of the pandemic.
Covid-19大流行期间出现的大量信息是由于对这种正在传播的疾病的认识有限造成的。世卫组织将信息丰富、混乱、迅速传播的信息称为“信息大流行”。信息大流行改变了人们的观念,改变了人们对政府政策的遵从,导致疫情防控工作不容易解决。本研究旨在通过案例研究方法讨论2020-2021年Covid-19大流行期间在印度尼西亚发生的信息流行。这项研究发现,在2020-2021年的Covid-19大流行期间,印度尼西亚的信息流行以恶作剧的形式发生,影响了更广泛的社区,因此存在信息混乱,影响了大流行的处理。
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引用次数: 0
The Controversy Surrounding the Prophet's Affliction with Magic: An Analytical Exploration of Historical and Contemporary Perspectives Among Islamic Scholars 围绕先知的魔法苦难的争论:伊斯兰学者对历史和当代观点的分析探索
Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.649
None Habiburrahaman Rizapoor, None Mohammad Tayeb Athar
This article delves into the contentious issue of whether the Prophet, peace be upon him, was afflicted by magic or not, a topic that has engendered extensive debate among Islamic scholars throughout history and into the present. The prevailing belief among the majority of Muslim scholars is that the Prophet, peace be upon him, was indeed affected by magic. They assert that this conviction is grounded in authentic and reliable narrations, leaving no room for doubt. However, they contend that the impact of magic on the Prophet did not compromise the authenticity of divine revelation. Instead, they likened it to the effects of common illnesses on human beings, solely influencing his soul and body. Conversely, a minority of contemporary scholars, who identify as rationalists and modernists, along with some classical scholars, maintain the view that the Prophet, peace be upon him, was not affected by magic. They argue that the narrations concerning this matter lack authenticity and reliability. Furthermore, they posit that accepting the notion of the Prophet's affliction with magic implies a lack of soundness and trustworthiness in the divine revelation he received during that time, attributing any perceived lapses in his senses to the alleged magical influence. For instance, some narratives indicate that the Prophet believed he had undertaken actions that he had not actually performed. This study adopts an analytical approach to investigate and analyze the subject matter. It relies on a comprehensive collection of academic articles, books, and magazine articles authored by Islamic scholars. By drawing from these reputable sources, the research aims to provide a thorough and rigorous examination of the chosen topic. The inclusion of diverse perspectives and scholarly insights contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the subject, enhancing the credibility and reliability of the study's findings. This research concludes that the prophet Mohammad was bewitched by magic but the magic was not powerful enough to have a destructive effect on his intellect. Furthermore, this magic was unable to have impact on the divine revlation that was revealed to him.
这篇文章深入探讨了一个有争议的问题,即先知(愿主福安之)是否受到了魔法的折磨,这个话题在历史上和现在都在伊斯兰学者中引起了广泛的争论。大多数穆斯林学者普遍认为,先知(愿主福安之)确实受到了魔法的影响。他们断言,这种信念是建立在真实可靠的叙述基础上的,没有任何怀疑的余地。然而,他们争辩说,魔法对先知的影响并没有损害神启示的真实性。相反,他们把它比作普通疾病对人类的影响,只影响他的灵魂和身体。相反,少数当代学者,他们被认为是理性主义者和现代主义者,以及一些古典学者,坚持认为先知,愿他平安,没有受到魔法的影响。他们认为,有关此事的叙述缺乏真实性和可靠性。此外,他们假定,接受先知受魔法折磨的概念意味着他在那段时间接受的神圣启示缺乏健全和可信赖性,将任何感知到的感官缺陷归因于所谓的魔法影响。例如,一些叙述表明,先知相信他做了一些他实际上没有做的事情。本研究采用分析的方法对主题进行调查和分析。它依赖于由伊斯兰学者撰写的学术文章、书籍和杂志文章的综合收集。通过借鉴这些有信誉的来源,该研究旨在为所选主题提供彻底而严格的检查。纳入不同的观点和学术见解有助于对主题的全面理解,提高研究结果的可信度和可靠性。这项研究得出的结论是,先知穆罕默德被魔法所迷惑,但魔法还没有强大到足以对他的智力产生破坏性影响。此外,这种魔法无法影响神所启示给他的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Vietnam Defense Strategy in Dealing with The South China Sea Conflict 越南应对南海冲突的国防战略
Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.703
None Tri Hadinata, None Rudy Susanto, None Lukman Yudho Prakoso
Vietnam is a country in Southeast Asia located on the Indochina Peninsula. The country has the full name of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam and is a communist state that recognizes one party, the Communist Party. Vietnam's involvement in the South China Sea conflict has national interests as the basis for fighting over the territory. The South China Sea is currently in the spotlight because of the disputes there. The geographic location of Vietnam is at 80 North Latitude-240 North Latitude and 1020 East Longitude – 1100 East Longitude, with an area of ​​331,210 km2. The method used in this article is descriptive qualitative, in this article explaining Vietnam's sea defense strategy. Vietnam has a fleet of 9 frigates, 14 corvettes, 45 Paroli ships, 6 submarines and 8 warships. Based on this information, Vietnam's marine defense system is included in the Green Water Navy group. Then the potential threat of the South China Sea dispute that might occur was also brought to the ASEAN Forum to get support from ASEAN member countries. We can take the lesson that a country whose sovereignty is threatened will definitely make preparations and anticipate in carrying out defense and defense by strengthening its combat fleets.
这个国家的全称是越南社会主义共和国,是一个共产主义国家,只承认一个政党,即共产党。越南卷入南中国海冲突,其国家利益是争夺领土的基础。由于南海存在争议,南海目前成为人们关注的焦点。越南地理位置位于北纬80度-240度,东经1020度- 1100度,面积331210平方公里。本文采用描述性定性的方法,在本文中解释了越南的海上防御战略。越南拥有9艘护卫舰、14艘轻型护卫舰、45艘护卫舰、6艘潜艇和8艘军舰。根据这一信息,越南的海上防御系统被列入“绿水海军”集团。随后可能发生的南海争端的潜在威胁也被带到东盟论坛上,得到东盟成员国的支持。我们可以吸取教训,一个主权受到威胁的国家肯定会通过加强其战斗舰队来进行防御和防御的准备和预期。
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引用次数: 0
Factors Influencing Sanitation Management in Slums on The Riverbank of Kotalama Urban Village 影响Kotalama城中村河岸贫民窟卫生管理的因素
Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.702
None Diana Putri Wijayanti, None Fauzul Rizal Sutikno, Surjono Surjono
One of the largest slum areas is located in Malang's Kotalama sub-district, which is distinguished by a considerable area that has undergone development along the riverbanks. The main challenge encountered in the area which has undergone development along the riverbanks, pertains to the insufficient management of sanitation. The aim of this research is to identify the sanitation conditions in the slum settlements within Kotalama sub-district and analyze the driving and inhibiting factors influencing sanitation management efforts in these slum settlements. The research method used is qualitative research. The results of the study concluded that 1) sanitation conditions in Kotalama District were in the "moderate" category with a score of 41.1. 2) The regulatory aspect reveals that the availability of policies serves as a driving factor, whereas the control and content of policies act as inhibiting factors. In the bureaucratic structure aspect, the presence of Micro SOPs serves as a driving force, while the availability of micro SOPs and fragmentation act as inhibiting factors. The resources aspect, encompassing human, budgetary, and infrastructural components, functions both as a driving and inhibiting factor. the communication aspect, effective communication among implementers and between implementers and the community is a driving and inhibiting factor. The Environmental aspects, including social conditions, community support, physical environment, and technology, have a dual role as both driving and inhibiting factors. The institutional aspects, such as capacity and government support, manifest as inhibiting factors. Furthermore, in the spatial aspect, both driving and inhibiting factors influence sanitation management in the Kotalama sub-district.
最大的贫民窟之一位于玛琅的Kotalama街道,其特点是沿着河岸发展了相当大的区域。沿河开发的地区所面临的主要挑战是卫生管理不足。本研究的目的是确定Kotalama街道内贫民窟住区的卫生条件,并分析影响这些贫民窟住区卫生管理工作的驱动和抑制因素。使用的研究方法是定性研究。研究结果表明:1)Kotalama区的卫生条件处于“中等”类别,得分为41.1分。(2)调控方面,政策的可获得性是驱动因素,政策的控制力和内容是抑制因素。在官僚结构方面,微标准操作程序的存在是驱动因素,而微标准操作程序的可获得性和碎片化是抑制因素。资源方面,包括人力、预算和基础设施组成部分,既是驱动因素,也是抑制因素。沟通方面,实施者之间以及实施者与社区之间的有效沟通是推动和抑制因素。环境因素,包括社会条件、社区支持、自然环境和技术,具有驱动和抑制双重作用。制度方面,如能力和政府支持,表现为抑制因素。此外,在空间层面上,驱动因素和抑制因素同时影响着科塔拉马街道的卫生管理。
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International Journal of Humanities Education and Social Sciences
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