首页 > 最新文献

Journal of Ship Research最新文献

英文 中文
Effect of Ventilation on Cavity Formation on Stepped Planing Hulls 通风对阶梯式刨空壳空洞形成的影响
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2022-02-04 DOI: 10.5957/josr.05200032
Andrew Ricks, M. Morabito, R. Datla
A stepped planing hull is a type of high-speed boat with a transverse break in the bottom of the hull. The step allows the hull to run at a higher trim angle, and also reduces the wetted surface area at planing speeds because of a pocket of air that forms aft of the step, often reducing the frictional resistance. This paper summarizes model tests that were conducted on a prismatic planing hull, with two adjustable stern sections, to form either a single- or twin-step planing hull. Measurements were made of the resistance, heave, wetted lengths, and cavity pressures behind the steps for various speeds at fixed trim. The ventilation cases included natural ventilation, augmented ventilated by means of vent tubes located behind the step, and reduced ventilation, where the flow was blocked off from the step by closing the vent tubes and adding longitudinal fences to either chine to prevent air inflow. Blocking off the ventilation causes negative pressures to form and increases resistance. Tests conducted in waves showed that the size of the ventilation cavity behind a step is not affected significantly by small waves, indicating a shielding effect of the hull. Stepped hulls are becoming increasingly commonplace in high-speed craft for both military and recreational purposes. A stepped hull is a type of planing boat, in which there is a discontinuity in the bottom, resulting in flow separating from the step and reattaching father aft along the hull. This feature can reduce resistance in some cases. Although they’ve been in use for over a century, they remain a challenge to design and to physically model.
阶梯式刨船是一种在船底有横向断裂的高速船型。台阶允许船体以更高的修剪角度运行,并且还减少了在滑行速度下的湿表面面积,因为台阶后面形成了一个空气袋,通常会减少摩擦阻力。本文总结了在具有两个可调尾段的棱柱形刨削船体上进行的模型试验,以形成单步或双步刨削船体。测量了不同速度下台阶后的阻力、升沉、湿长度和空腔压力。通风情况包括自然通风,通过位于台阶后面的通风管来增强通风,以及减少通风,通过关闭通风管和在任何一个中国添加纵向围栏来阻止气流从台阶流入。阻塞通风会导致负压形成并增加阻力。在波浪中进行的试验表明,台阶后面的通风孔的大小不受小波浪的显著影响,这表明船体有屏蔽作用。阶梯式船体在军用和娱乐用途的高速艇中越来越普遍。阶梯式船体是一种刨船,它的底部有一个不连续,导致水流从阶梯式船体分离,并沿着船体重新附着在船尾。这个特性在某些情况下可以减少阻力。尽管它们已经使用了一个多世纪,但它们的设计和物理模型仍然是一个挑战。
{"title":"Effect of Ventilation on Cavity Formation on Stepped Planing Hulls","authors":"Andrew Ricks, M. Morabito, R. Datla","doi":"10.5957/josr.05200032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/josr.05200032","url":null,"abstract":"A stepped planing hull is a type of high-speed boat with a transverse break in the bottom of the hull. The step allows the hull to run at a higher trim angle, and also reduces the wetted surface area at planing speeds because of a pocket of air that forms aft of the step, often reducing the frictional resistance. This paper summarizes model tests that were conducted on a prismatic planing hull, with two adjustable stern sections, to form either a single- or twin-step planing hull. Measurements were made of the resistance, heave, wetted lengths, and cavity pressures behind the steps for various speeds at fixed trim. The ventilation cases included natural ventilation, augmented ventilated by means of vent tubes located behind the step, and reduced ventilation, where the flow was blocked off from the step by closing the vent tubes and adding longitudinal fences to either chine to prevent air inflow. Blocking off the ventilation causes negative pressures to form and increases resistance. Tests conducted in waves showed that the size of the ventilation cavity behind a step is not affected significantly by small waves, indicating a shielding effect of the hull.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Stepped hulls are becoming increasingly commonplace in high-speed craft for both military and recreational purposes. A stepped hull is a type of planing boat, in which there is a discontinuity in the bottom, resulting in flow separating from the step and reattaching father aft along the hull. This feature can reduce resistance in some cases. Although they’ve been in use for over a century, they remain a challenge to design and to physically model.","PeriodicalId":50052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ship Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41728039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Developing a Spatial Framework for Ship Vulnerability Assessment Based on Category Theory 基于范畴理论的船舶脆弱性评估空间框架的构建
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.5957/josr.02210003
A. Ramezani, M. Malek
Ships vulnerability analysis is one of the most important issues in today’s research, to reduce damage and increase safety. To increase the safety of ships, the effective parameters of the vulnerability of ships, the impact of each of them, and the relationship between these parameters should be identified to formulate different scenarios to analyze the vulnerability of ships. This process leads to the formation of simulation models to assess the risk of vessels. The creation of a spatial conceptual framework is needed to create integrated vulnerability models. The most important innovation of this research is the development of a spatial framework for analyzing ships’ vulnerability based on category theory. A framework that can be used to model the various scenarios of ships’ vulnerability from a variety of perspectives. To provide this framework, objects, operators, relationships, and assumptions for vulnerability analysis have been developed. To better express and convey the concepts, the spatial framework of the vulnerability analysis is presented in the form of category theory, which is a mathematical structure. The category theory is a good tool for expressing and creating a mathematical structure for objects and complex relationships in the real world, where other tools do not have this ability. The benefits of the built-in framework have been described with an integrated, precise mathematical structure that can be generalized to other subjects. Studies show that the developed framework is capable of modeling different scenarios for vulnerability analysis to find the best solution to reduce vulnerability.
船舶易损性分析是当前船舶易损性研究的重要内容之一,其目的是减少船舶的损伤,提高船舶的安全性。为了提高船舶的安全性,需要识别船舶易损性的有效参数、各参数对船舶的影响以及各参数之间的关系,从而制定不同的情景来分析船舶易损性。这个过程导致形成模拟模型来评估船舶的风险。需要创建空间概念框架,以创建综合脆弱性模型。本研究最重要的创新之处在于基于范畴理论的船舶易损性空间分析框架的建立。该框架可用于从不同角度对船舶脆弱性的各种情况进行建模。为了提供这个框架,已经开发了用于漏洞分析的对象、操作符、关系和假设。为了更好地表达和传达概念,脆弱性分析的空间框架以范畴论的形式呈现,这是一种数学结构。范畴论是一个很好的工具,可以表达和创建现实世界中对象和复杂关系的数学结构,而其他工具不具备这种能力。内置框架的好处已经用一个集成的、精确的数学结构描述了,这个结构可以推广到其他学科。研究表明,所开发的框架能够对不同场景进行建模进行脆弱性分析,从而找到降低脆弱性的最佳解决方案。
{"title":"Developing a Spatial Framework for Ship Vulnerability Assessment Based on Category Theory","authors":"A. Ramezani, M. Malek","doi":"10.5957/josr.02210003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/josr.02210003","url":null,"abstract":"Ships vulnerability analysis is one of the most important issues in today’s research, to reduce damage and increase safety. To increase the safety of ships, the effective parameters of the vulnerability of ships, the impact of each of them, and the relationship between these parameters should be identified to formulate different scenarios to analyze the vulnerability of ships. This process leads to the formation of simulation models to assess the risk of vessels. The creation of a spatial conceptual framework is needed to create integrated vulnerability models. The most important innovation of this research is the development of a spatial framework for analyzing ships’ vulnerability based on category theory. A framework that can be used to model the various scenarios of ships’ vulnerability from a variety of perspectives. To provide this framework, objects, operators, relationships, and assumptions for vulnerability analysis have been developed. To better express and convey the concepts, the spatial framework of the vulnerability analysis is presented in the form of category theory, which is a mathematical structure. The category theory is a good tool for expressing and creating a mathematical structure for objects and complex relationships in the real world, where other tools do not have this ability. The benefits of the built-in framework have been described with an integrated, precise mathematical structure that can be generalized to other subjects. Studies show that the developed framework is capable of modeling different scenarios for vulnerability analysis to find the best solution to reduce vulnerability.","PeriodicalId":50052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ship Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46660554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hydrodynamic Forces of DP Jack-Up Leg when Operating in Vicinity of Seabed DP自升式支腿在海底附近作业时的水动力
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2021-10-14 DOI: 10.5957/josr.03200020
Nitin D. Thulkar, S. Yamaguchi
Leg placement and removal are the two most critical operational modes for dynamically positioned jack-ups when working close to an offshore asset. Any positional deviation may lead to collision and damage to the asset. The industry operates with a weak link between the dynamic positioning (DP) system and the jacking system. Current DP systems operate without any sensors identifying the hydrodynamic force variations on the legs and spudcans, which vary between different leg and spudcan designs. When the spudcan is near to the sea bottom, the hydrodynamic force must be reported to avoid large positional deviations driven by the DP system. This article promotes a mechanism to measure these forces using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis to analyze the jack-up behavior, when the spudcan assembly is operating close to the sea bottom. A jack-up’s dynamic positioning (DP) control system requires minimum 23–30 minutes for the mathematical model to learn the vessel’s hydrodynamic behavior and response to the environment. Although when moving between locations, DP jack-up vessels provide time for the DP model to learn the hydrodynamic behavior, the spudcan that holds the vessel position and headings does not allow the mathematical model to learn. The residual current remains constant until the spudcan is in the seabed. As a result, the DP mathematical model-building process does not help the DP system to estimate the additional forces in the form of residual current. Soon after the spudcan detaches from the seabed, the vessel drift occurs because the vessel thrusters’ response need a rapid response of thrust and azimuth (directions). The DP system manufacturers currently use a sensorless approach to account for the hydrodynamic forces on the legs and spudcans to build a factor into the mathematical model. The jack-up DP system addresses two simultaneous forces on the legs. The leg element in the air is subject to aerodynamic effects and the leg and spudcan elements in the water are subject to hydrodynamic effects. DP systems currently use drag coefficients (Cd) to compute drag forces, however the hydrodynamic force variations during the complete lowering and raising processes are never completely considered. This weak link in the overall operation leads to positional error and is generally unrecognized by the vessel operators. The risk falls to DP officer and the jacking master to handle. The DP and jacking simultaneous operations mode (SIMOPS) may easily last between 15 and 90 minutes, depending on jacking speed, operational water depth, and field procedures, on approach to the asset. The area of operation is close to the asset, which increases the risk of collision with the asset. Most of the studies on jack-up vessels focus on impact force acting on the leg during touchdown or penetrations, such as Elkadi et al. (2014) and Kreuzer et al. (2014).
当自升式平台靠近海上资产作业时,腿的放置和移除是动态定位自升式平台最关键的两种操作模式。任何位置偏差都可能导致资产的碰撞和损坏。该行业在动态定位(DP)系统和千斤顶系统之间存在薄弱环节。目前的DP系统在运行时没有任何传感器来识别柱腿和柱腿上的水动力变化,而不同的柱腿和柱腿设计会产生不同的变化。当铲球靠近海底时,必须报告水动力,以避免由DP系统引起的较大位置偏差。本文提出了一种机制来测量这些力,使用计算流体动力学(CFD)分析来分析自升式钻井平台在靠近海底作业时的行为。自升式平台的动态定位(DP)控制系统至少需要23-30分钟的数学模型来学习船舶的水动力行为和对环境的响应。尽管在不同位置之间移动时,DP自升式钻井船为DP模型提供了学习水动力行为的时间,但保持钻井船位置和航向的管嘴却不允许数学模型学习。剩余的电流保持不变,直到spudcan在海底。因此,DP数学模型的建立过程不能帮助DP系统估计剩余电流形式的附加力。由于船舶推进器的响应需要推力和方位(方向)的快速响应,因此在捕集器脱离海床后不久,船舶就会发生漂移。DP系统制造商目前使用无传感器的方法来计算腿和柱塞上的水动力,从而将一个因素纳入数学模型。自升式DP系统解决了两个同时作用在腿上的力。在空气中的腿受到空气动力的影响,而在水中的腿和柱头受到水动力的影响。目前,DP系统使用阻力系数(Cd)来计算阻力,然而,在整个下降和上升过程中,水动力的变化从未被完全考虑。整个操作过程中的这个薄弱环节会导致定位误差,并且通常不会被船舶操作人员发现。风险由副驾驶和千斤顶船长来处理。DP和顶升同时操作模式(SIMOPS)可能会持续15到90分钟,具体取决于顶升速度、作业水深和现场程序。作业区域靠近资产,这增加了与资产碰撞的风险。大多数关于自升式容器的研究都集中在着陆或穿透时作用在腿上的冲击力上,如Elkadi等人(2014)和Kreuzer等人(2014)。
{"title":"Hydrodynamic Forces of DP Jack-Up Leg when Operating in Vicinity of Seabed","authors":"Nitin D. Thulkar, S. Yamaguchi","doi":"10.5957/josr.03200020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/josr.03200020","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Leg placement and removal are the two most critical operational modes for dynamically positioned jack-ups when working close to an offshore asset. Any positional deviation may lead to collision and damage to the asset. The industry operates with a weak link between the dynamic positioning (DP) system and the jacking system. Current DP systems operate without any sensors identifying the hydrodynamic force variations on the legs and spudcans, which vary between different leg and spudcan designs. When the spudcan is near to the sea bottom, the hydrodynamic force must be reported to avoid large positional deviations driven by the DP system. This article promotes a mechanism to measure these forces using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis to analyze the jack-up behavior, when the spudcan assembly is operating close to the sea bottom.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A jack-up’s dynamic positioning (DP) control system requires minimum 23–30 minutes for the mathematical model to learn the vessel’s hydrodynamic behavior and response to the environment. Although when moving between locations, DP jack-up vessels provide time for the DP model to learn the hydrodynamic behavior, the spudcan that holds the vessel position and headings does not allow the mathematical model to learn. The residual current remains constant until the spudcan is in the seabed. As a result, the DP mathematical model-building process does not help the DP system to estimate the additional forces in the form of residual current. Soon after the spudcan detaches from the seabed, the vessel drift occurs because the vessel thrusters’ response need a rapid response of thrust and azimuth (directions). The DP system manufacturers currently use a sensorless approach to account for the hydrodynamic forces on the legs and spudcans to build a factor into the mathematical model. The jack-up DP system addresses two simultaneous forces on the legs. The leg element in the air is subject to aerodynamic effects and the leg and spudcan elements in the water are subject to hydrodynamic effects. DP systems currently use drag coefficients (Cd) to compute drag forces, however the hydrodynamic force variations during the complete lowering and raising processes are never completely considered. This weak link in the overall operation leads to positional error and is generally unrecognized by the vessel operators. The risk falls to DP officer and the jacking master to handle. The DP and jacking simultaneous operations mode (SIMOPS) may easily last between 15 and 90 minutes, depending on jacking speed, operational water depth, and field procedures, on approach to the asset. The area of operation is close to the asset, which increases the risk of collision with the asset. Most of the studies on jack-up vessels focus on impact force acting on the leg during touchdown or penetrations, such as Elkadi et al. (2014) and Kreuzer et al. (2014).\u0000","PeriodicalId":50052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ship Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48927769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Modeling and Optimal Control of a Hybrid Propulsion System for an Ice-Capable Tanker 破冰油轮混合动力推进系统的建模与优化控制
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.5957/josr.11200059
Yi Zhou, K. Pazouki, R. Norman
With the effects of global warming, the North Sea Route has become an economic option for cargo transportation because of the shorter distance between East Asia and Europe. Generally, conventional mechanical propulsion systems installed in ice-capable tankers suffer from significant drawbacks because of poor fuel efficiency when sailing at low speed, therefore, advanced technologies have been applied such as diesel electric and nuclear-powered propulsion; however, drawbacks still exist. Hybrid propulsion is a more environmental-friendly, economical solution for ships with icebreaking capability, which can address the drawbacks in both diesel electric and nuclear power systems. In this paper, modeling of system components is presented and implemented in MATLAB Simulink. A primary control strategy is applied to the system to ensure system stability, and an advanced secondary strategy is developed and applied to the power sources to minimize fuel consumption. Given two scenarios, the simulation results of the hybrid propulsion system developed in this research and those of diesel electric propulsion systems with DC and AC distribution systems are compared and indicate that the hybrid system can offer up to 22.4% fuel savings over ice-loading condition, and 39.5% fuel reduction over the particular voyage of varying speed in open water is applied in this paper. In recent years, some sea routes that were previously blocked by ice have become increasingly accessible in the warmest months of the year due to the effects of global warming. Researchers have estimated that, by 2030, the percentage of Arctic shipping will have increased to 25% of cargo trade between Europe and Asia (Lasserre 2019). Northern Sea Route (NSR) shipping provides benefits for international trade, but challenges still exist. Increasing carbon emissions have seriously impacted the Arctic environment (Hassol & Corell 2006). Table 1 shows the total number of ships using Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) in Arctic waters in 2015, and associated black carbon emissions, as published by the IMO (Comer et al. 2017). As it is shown, oil tankers made up just 4.5% of all ships entering Arctic waters but despite their low proportion, they were responsible for 17% of black carbon emissions. Thus, an environmentally friendly and fuel-efficient propulsion system to reduce these emissions from tankers trading in Arctic waters is required.
随着全球变暖的影响,由于东亚和欧洲之间的距离较短,北海航线已成为货物运输的经济选择。通常,安装在破冰油轮上的传统机械推进系统在低速航行时由于燃料效率低而存在显著缺陷,因此,已经应用了先进的技术,如柴电和核动力推进;然而,缺点仍然存在。对于具有破冰能力的船舶来说,混合动力推进是一种更环保、更经济的解决方案,可以解决柴电和核能系统的缺点。本文介绍了系统组件的建模方法,并在MATLAB Simulink中实现。将一级控制策略应用于系统以确保系统稳定性,并开发高级二级策略并将其应用于电源以最大限度地减少燃料消耗。在两种情况下,将本研究开发的混合动力推进系统与具有直流和交流配电系统的柴电推进系统的仿真结果进行了比较,结果表明,在冰载条件下,混合动力系统可以节省高达22.4%的燃料,在开放水域变速的特定航程中,燃料减少了39.5%。近年来,由于全球变暖的影响,在一年中最温暖的几个月里,一些以前被冰阻断的海上航线变得越来越容易到达。研究人员估计,到2030年,北极航运在欧洲和亚洲货物贸易中的比例将增至25%(Lasserre 2019)。北海航线(NSR)航运为国际贸易带来了好处,但挑战仍然存在。不断增加的碳排放严重影响了北极环境(Hassol&Corell,2006年)。表1显示了国际海事组织发布的2015年在北极水域使用重燃料油(HFO)的船只总数以及相关的黑碳排放量(Comer等人,2017)。如图所示,油轮仅占进入北极水域的所有船只的4.5%,但尽管比例较低,它们还是造成了17%的黑碳排放。因此,需要一个环境友好、节能的推进系统来减少在北极水域交易的油轮的这些排放。
{"title":"The Modeling and Optimal Control of a Hybrid Propulsion System for an Ice-Capable Tanker","authors":"Yi Zhou, K. Pazouki, R. Norman","doi":"10.5957/josr.11200059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/josr.11200059","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 With the effects of global warming, the North Sea Route has become an economic option for cargo transportation because of the shorter distance between East Asia and Europe. Generally, conventional mechanical propulsion systems installed in ice-capable tankers suffer from significant drawbacks because of poor fuel efficiency when sailing at low speed, therefore, advanced technologies have been applied such as diesel electric and nuclear-powered propulsion; however, drawbacks still exist. Hybrid propulsion is a more environmental-friendly, economical solution for ships with icebreaking capability, which can address the drawbacks in both diesel electric and nuclear power systems. In this paper, modeling of system components is presented and implemented in MATLAB Simulink. A primary control strategy is applied to the system to ensure system stability, and an advanced secondary strategy is developed and applied to the power sources to minimize fuel consumption. Given two scenarios, the simulation results of the hybrid propulsion system developed in this research and those of diesel electric propulsion systems with DC and AC distribution systems are compared and indicate that the hybrid system can offer up to 22.4% fuel savings over ice-loading condition, and 39.5% fuel reduction over the particular voyage of varying speed in open water is applied in this paper.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In recent years, some sea routes that were previously blocked by ice have become increasingly accessible in the warmest months of the year due to the effects of global warming. Researchers have estimated that, by 2030, the percentage of Arctic shipping will have increased to 25% of cargo trade between Europe and Asia (Lasserre 2019).\u0000 Northern Sea Route (NSR) shipping provides benefits for international trade, but challenges still exist. Increasing carbon emissions have seriously impacted the Arctic environment (Hassol & Corell 2006). Table 1 shows the total number of ships using Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) in Arctic waters in 2015, and associated black carbon emissions, as published by the IMO (Comer et al. 2017). As it is shown, oil tankers made up just 4.5% of all ships entering Arctic waters but despite their low proportion, they were responsible for 17% of black carbon emissions. Thus, an environmentally friendly and fuel-efficient propulsion system to reduce these emissions from tankers trading in Arctic waters is required.\u0000","PeriodicalId":50052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ship Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49376197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Complex Decay Prediction of Marine Machinery Using Multilabel SVM 基于多标签支持向量机的船舶机械复杂衰变预测
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2021-09-24 DOI: 10.5957/josr.10200052
Yanghui Tan, Hui Tian, Feixiang Xu, Dingyu Jiang, Ruizheng Jiang, Yejin Lin, Jun-dong Zhang
In this article, a multilabel support vector machine (SVM)-based approach is investigated to address the simultaneous decay detection of the marine propulsion system. To verify the performance of the algorithm, we perform some experiments using a simulation dataset from a real-data validated numerical simulator of a Frigate. In particular, we try to train the model without simultaneous decay data, considering the great difficulty of obtaining simultaneous decay data in practice. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can identify the complex decay modes of the marine propulsion system effectively using only simple decay data in the training process. Introduction The propulsion system is considered to be the “heart” of a marine ship (Li et al. 2019a). Its safety and reliability are critical to the regular operation of the ship (Bayer et al. 2018; Cheliotis & Lazakis, 2018; Lazakis et al. 2016). However, performance decay may occur to the propulsion system due to the high humidity and high salt characteristics of the marine environment (Fang et al. 2018; Kang et al. 2019; Wang et al. 2019). The decay modes can be divided into single decay and simultaneous decay. Single decay indicates a simple decay mode that only one kind of decay occurs at a time, and simultaneous decay indicates a complex decay mode that multiple decays occur at the same time. To improve the safety and reliability of the marine propulsion system, researchers have proposed many related approaches from the perspective of fault diagnosis.
本文研究了一种基于多标签支持向量机(SVM)的船舶推进系统同步衰减检测方法。为了验证该算法的性能,我们使用护卫舰实际数据验证数值模拟器的仿真数据集进行了一些实验。考虑到实际中获取同步衰减数据的难度很大,我们尝试在没有同步衰减数据的情况下训练模型。实验结果表明,该方法在训练过程中仅使用简单的衰减数据就能有效识别舰船推进系统的复杂衰减模式。推进系统被认为是船舶的“心脏”(Li et al. 2019a)。其安全性和可靠性对船舶的正常运行至关重要(Bayer et al. 2018;Cheliotis & Lazakis, 2018;Lazakis et al. 2016)。然而,由于海洋环境的高湿和高盐特性,推进系统可能会出现性能衰减(Fang et al. 2018;Kang et al. 2019;Wang et al. 2019)。衰减模式可分为单次衰减和同步衰减。单一衰变是指一次只发生一种衰变的简单衰变模式,同时衰变是指同时发生多种衰变的复杂衰变模式。为了提高船舶推进系统的安全性和可靠性,研究人员从故障诊断的角度提出了许多相关的方法。
{"title":"Complex Decay Prediction of Marine Machinery Using Multilabel SVM","authors":"Yanghui Tan, Hui Tian, Feixiang Xu, Dingyu Jiang, Ruizheng Jiang, Yejin Lin, Jun-dong Zhang","doi":"10.5957/josr.10200052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/josr.10200052","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a multilabel support vector machine (SVM)-based approach is investigated to address the simultaneous decay detection of the marine propulsion system. To verify the performance of the algorithm, we perform some experiments using a simulation dataset from a real-data validated numerical simulator of a Frigate. In particular, we try to train the model without simultaneous decay data, considering the great difficulty of obtaining simultaneous decay data in practice. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can identify the complex decay modes of the marine propulsion system effectively using only simple decay data in the training process.\u0000 Introduction\u0000 The propulsion system is considered to be the “heart” of a marine ship (Li et al. 2019a). Its safety and reliability are critical to the regular operation of the ship (Bayer et al. 2018; Cheliotis & Lazakis, 2018; Lazakis et al. 2016). However, performance decay may occur to the propulsion system due to the high humidity and high salt characteristics of the marine environment (Fang et al. 2018; Kang et al. 2019; Wang et al. 2019). The decay modes can be divided into single decay and simultaneous decay. Single decay indicates a simple decay mode that only one kind of decay occurs at a time, and simultaneous decay indicates a complex decay mode that multiple decays occur at the same time. To improve the safety and reliability of the marine propulsion system, researchers have proposed many related approaches from the perspective of fault diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":50052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ship Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48523429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Numerical Study on Multiple-Blade-Rate Unsteady Propeller Forces for Underwater Vehicles 水下航行器多叶率非定常螺旋桨力的数值研究
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2021-09-16 DOI: 10.5957/josr.08200048
Kenshiro Takahashi, J. Arai, T. Mori
The unsteady propeller forces of an underwater vehicle were numerically simulated using computational fluid dynamics to investigate the effects of the axial location of the stern planes. A benchmark study was undertaken using a three-bladed propeller; experimental results of the nominal inflow wake profile were analyzed and the unsteady propeller forces were measured. The numerical method was applied to predict the unsteady propeller forces in the SUBOFF model’s wake by varying the axial locations of the stern planes. Several remarks were made on the primary harmonics of the hull’s wakes and blade-rate propeller forces. The hydroacoustic noise, which matches multiples of the number of propeller blades and its rotational speed, known as “blade-rate (BR) noise,” has been increasingly used to manage hydroacoustics for naval vessels. BR noise can be caused by alternating blade loads owing to fluctuations in the angle of attack of the blades because marine propellers are operated in the nonuniform wake of ships’ hulls. The unsteady blade load produces unsteady propeller forces that are transmitted via the propeller shaft and bearing, thus producing undesirable vibration and noise. Although the resultant BR noise is a common issue for marine vessels, in particular, submarines and other underwater vehicles deployed for undersea defense systems and oceanographic survey systems require strict specifications for the acoustic signature. Therefore, the unsteady propeller forces must be improved for reduced detectability, because the vehicles should be able to operate without being discovered while sonar detection technology continues to improve.
利用计算流体动力学对水下航行器的非定常螺旋桨力进行了数值模拟,以研究船尾平面轴向位置的影响。使用三叶螺旋桨进行了一项基准研究;分析了名义入流尾流剖面的实验结果,并测量了非定常螺旋桨力。应用数值方法通过改变尾平面的轴向位置来预测SUBOFF模型尾流中的非定常螺旋桨力。对船体尾流和叶片率螺旋桨力的一次谐波进行了几点评论。水声噪声与螺旋桨叶片数量及其转速的倍数相匹配,被称为“叶片速率(BR)噪声”,已越来越多地用于管理海军舰艇的水声。BR噪声可能是由叶片迎角波动引起的交替叶片载荷引起的,因为船用螺旋桨在船体的非均匀尾流中运行。不稳定的叶片载荷产生不稳定的螺旋桨力,这些力通过螺旋桨轴和轴承传递,从而产生不期望的振动和噪音。尽管由此产生的BR噪声对海洋船只来说是一个常见问题,特别是用于海底防御系统和海洋学调查系统的潜艇和其他水下航行器需要严格的声学特征规范。因此,必须提高非定常螺旋桨力以降低可探测性,因为在声纳探测技术不断改进的同时,车辆应该能够在不被发现的情况下运行。
{"title":"Numerical Study on Multiple-Blade-Rate Unsteady Propeller Forces for Underwater Vehicles","authors":"Kenshiro Takahashi, J. Arai, T. Mori","doi":"10.5957/josr.08200048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/josr.08200048","url":null,"abstract":"The unsteady propeller forces of an underwater vehicle were numerically simulated using computational fluid dynamics to investigate the effects of the axial location of the stern planes. A benchmark study was undertaken using a three-bladed propeller; experimental results of the nominal inflow wake profile were analyzed and the unsteady propeller forces were measured. The numerical method was applied to predict the unsteady propeller forces in the SUBOFF model’s wake by varying the axial locations of the stern planes. Several remarks were made on the primary harmonics of the hull’s wakes and blade-rate propeller forces.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The hydroacoustic noise, which matches multiples of the number of propeller blades and its rotational speed, known as “blade-rate (BR) noise,” has been increasingly used to manage hydroacoustics for naval vessels. BR noise can be caused by alternating blade loads owing to fluctuations in the angle of attack of the blades because marine propellers are operated in the nonuniform wake of ships’ hulls. The unsteady blade load produces unsteady propeller forces that are transmitted via the propeller shaft and bearing, thus producing undesirable vibration and noise. Although the resultant BR noise is a common issue for marine vessels, in particular, submarines and other underwater vehicles deployed for undersea defense systems and oceanographic survey systems require strict specifications for the acoustic signature. Therefore, the unsteady propeller forces must be improved for reduced detectability, because the vehicles should be able to operate without being discovered while sonar detection technology continues to improve.\u0000","PeriodicalId":50052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ship Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47337647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predicting the Radiated Noise of a Submarine Propeller with Different Types of Control Surfaces 不同控制面类型潜艇螺旋桨辐射噪声的预测
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2021-09-07 DOI: 10.5957/josr.07190038
J. Kao, S. Chin, F. Chang, Yu-Han Tsai, Hua Wu, Huan-Jia Xu
The objective of this paper is to predict the noise radiated from submarine propellers with different control surface types (the cross- and X-type). When the propellers are free from cavitation, such as those of submarines at a diving depth, the radiated noise dominate, due to unsteady propeller forces. A well-known submarine model (DARPA SUBOFF) is taken as the computing sample. Simulations for hydrodynamics, including stern wakes and unsteady propeller forces, are carried out by using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) technology, and the results are compared with the experimental data. The accuracy of the predicted noise depends on the CFD results. Comparisons between the CFD results and the experimental data are in good agreement. The CFD results are treated as dipole strengths in the linear wave theory to predict the radiated noise caused by the unsteady forces of the propeller. It is found that, when the control surface is of the X-type, the propeller inflow is more uniform, and the radiated noise can be decreased by about 5 dB compared to the cruciform control surface. When submarines are at diving depth, the noise generated by unsteady propeller forces (i.e., dipole strengths) will dominate. Because the juncture vortex caused by the sail makes the propeller inflow more nonuniform, the dipole strength will be enhanced and the radiated noise will be more noticeable. The uniformity of the wake field at the stern should be controlled well in order to restrain the radiated noise.
本文的目的是预测不同控制面类型(十字型和X型)的潜艇螺旋桨辐射的噪声。当螺旋桨没有气穴时,例如潜艇在潜水深度的螺旋桨,由于不稳定的螺旋桨力,辐射噪声占主导地位。以一个著名的潜艇模型(DARPA SUBOFF)为计算样本。利用CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)技术对包括尾流和非定常螺旋桨力在内的流体动力学进行了模拟,并将结果与实验数据进行了比较。预测噪声的准确性取决于CFD结果。CFD结果与实验数据之间的比较非常一致。CFD结果被视为线性波理论中的偶极子强度,以预测螺旋桨非定常力引起的辐射噪声。研究发现,当控制表面为X型时,螺旋桨流入更加均匀,并且与十字形控制表面相比,辐射噪声可以降低约5dB。当潜艇处于潜水深度时,由不稳定螺旋桨力(即偶极强度)产生的噪音将占主导地位。由于帆引起的接合涡流使螺旋桨流入更加不均匀,因此偶极子强度将增强,辐射噪声将更加明显。为了抑制辐射噪声,应控制好尾流场的均匀性。
{"title":"Predicting the Radiated Noise of a Submarine Propeller with Different Types of Control Surfaces","authors":"J. Kao, S. Chin, F. Chang, Yu-Han Tsai, Hua Wu, Huan-Jia Xu","doi":"10.5957/josr.07190038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/josr.07190038","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to predict the noise radiated from submarine propellers with different control surface types (the cross- and X-type). When the propellers are free from cavitation, such as those of submarines at a diving depth, the radiated noise dominate, due to unsteady propeller forces. A well-known submarine model (DARPA SUBOFF) is taken as the computing sample. Simulations for hydrodynamics, including stern wakes and unsteady propeller forces, are carried out by using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) technology, and the results are compared with the experimental data. The accuracy of the predicted noise depends on the CFD results. Comparisons between the CFD results and the experimental data are in good agreement. The CFD results are treated as dipole strengths in the linear wave theory to predict the radiated noise caused by the unsteady forces of the propeller. It is found that, when the control surface is of the X-type, the propeller inflow is more uniform, and the radiated noise can be decreased by about 5 dB compared to the cruciform control surface.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 When submarines are at diving depth, the noise generated by unsteady propeller forces (i.e., dipole strengths) will dominate. Because the juncture vortex caused by the sail makes the propeller inflow more nonuniform, the dipole strength will be enhanced and the radiated noise will be more noticeable. The uniformity of the wake field at the stern should be controlled well in order to restrain the radiated noise.\u0000","PeriodicalId":50052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ship Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43591213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study on Dynamic Positioning Capacity Analysis Method Considering Wind Shielding Effect of Offshore Structure 考虑海上结构风屏蔽效应的动力定位能力分析方法研究
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.5957/josr.12200062
Jinhui He, Haibin Zhang, R. Zhu
Offshore structures floating at sea should use their dynamic positioning (DP) system to maintain position and heading against environmental loads, including wave loads, current loads, and wind loads. It is difficult to calculate environmental loads accurately and quickly, especially for wind loads due to the shielding effect of different parts on offshore structures. To improve the accuracy of wind load calculation, a new method considering shielding effect is proposed. With the new method, calculated wind force becomes much closer to wind tunnel test than the traditional method. As input data of DP capacity analysis, the environmental loads have critical impact on the design of DP system. A static method and a time-domain simulation method of DP capacity are also proposed, and a case study of drillship is carried out. The results of both static analysis and time-domain simulation of DP capacity show that the new wind load calculation method has improved the accuracy of environmental load calculation and DP capacity analysis. As the offshore oil and gas exploitation is going further into deep sea, offshore structures are to be used in harsh marine environments, including strong wind, current, and waves. Especially for wind, it can make great effect on the dynamic positioning (DP) system of offshore structures, which is designed to maintain position and heading. Once the DP system is not able to keep the offshore structures’ position and heading, it will cause an accident such as oil leakage and oil pollution in the ocean. Because of the wind shielding effect among all parts on offshore structures, such as deckhouse, derricks, cranes, pipe racks, the wind load is difficult to calculate accurately and quickly.
漂浮在海上的海上结构物应使用其动态定位(DP)系统来保持位置并抵抗环境载荷,包括波浪载荷、水流载荷和风载荷。由于不同部件对海洋结构的屏蔽作用,很难准确、快速地计算环境荷载,尤其是风荷载。为了提高风荷载计算的准确性,提出了一种考虑屏蔽效应的新方法。与传统方法相比,新方法的计算风力更接近于风洞试验。环境负荷作为DP容量分析的输入数据,对DP系统的设计有着至关重要的影响。文中还提出了DP承载力的静态方法和时域模拟方法,并以钻井船为例进行了实例研究。DP容量的静态分析和时域模拟结果表明,新的风荷载计算方法提高了环境荷载计算和DP容量分析的准确性。随着海上石油和天然气开采进一步深入深海,海上结构物将用于恶劣的海洋环境,包括强风、海流和波浪。特别是对于风,它会对海洋结构物的动态定位系统产生很大影响,该系统旨在保持位置和航向。一旦DP系统不能保持海上结构物的位置和航向,就会导致海洋中的漏油和石油污染等事故。由于甲板室、井架、起重机、管架等海洋结构各部分之间存在着遮风作用,风荷载难以准确、快速地计算。
{"title":"Study on Dynamic Positioning Capacity Analysis Method Considering Wind Shielding Effect of Offshore Structure","authors":"Jinhui He, Haibin Zhang, R. Zhu","doi":"10.5957/josr.12200062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/josr.12200062","url":null,"abstract":"Offshore structures floating at sea should use their dynamic positioning (DP) system to maintain position and heading against environmental loads, including wave loads, current loads, and wind loads. It is difficult to calculate environmental loads accurately and quickly, especially for wind loads due to the shielding effect of different parts on offshore structures. To improve the accuracy of wind load calculation, a new method considering shielding effect is proposed. With the new method, calculated wind force becomes much closer to wind tunnel test than the traditional method. As input data of DP capacity analysis, the environmental loads have critical impact on the design of DP system. A static method and a time-domain simulation method of DP capacity are also proposed, and a case study of drillship is carried out. The results of both static analysis and time-domain simulation of DP capacity show that the new wind load calculation method has improved the accuracy of environmental load calculation and DP capacity analysis.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 As the offshore oil and gas exploitation is going further into deep sea, offshore structures are to be used in harsh marine environments, including strong wind, current, and waves. Especially for wind, it can make great effect on the dynamic positioning (DP) system of offshore structures, which is designed to maintain position and heading. Once the DP system is not able to keep the offshore structures’ position and heading, it will cause an accident such as oil leakage and oil pollution in the ocean. Because of the wind shielding effect among all parts on offshore structures, such as deckhouse, derricks, cranes, pipe racks, the wind load is difficult to calculate accurately and quickly.\u0000","PeriodicalId":50052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ship Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42208757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hydrodynamic Characterization of Bodies of Revolution through Statistical-Empirical Prediction Modeling Using Machine Learning 基于机器学习的统计经验预测模型对旋转体的流体动力学特性
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2021-08-05 DOI: 10.5957/josr.06200035
C. Thurman, J. R. Somero
Machine learning algorithms, namely artificial neural network modeling, were used to create prediction models for force and moment coefficients of axisymmetric bodies of revolution. These prediction models had highly nonlinear functional relationships to both geometric parameters and inflow conditions, totaling five input factors. A uniform experimental design was created consisting of 50 design points in these five factors and dictated which test points to simulate. Data was generated using computational fluid dynamic simulations, which were performed on all geometries using NavyFOAM at the experimental conditions prescribed by the designed experiment. The prediction models were validated by comparing behavioral trends in responses to previous research conducted by the author on a similar geometry. A test data sets was also created and used to ensure that the prediction models were not overfit to the training data and that they could accurately predict arbitrary geometries and inflow conditions within the experimental design region. Once the prediction models were validated, they were used to study the effects of varying the geometric parameters, inherent to the experiment, on each of the force and moment coefficients. Multidisciplinary optimization (MDO) schemes used in the early concept design phases for aero/hydrodynamic vehicles often use simplified planar maneuvering characteristics based on empirical or analytical relations in order to limit the computational cost of maneuverability prediction. This method leaves a more detailed analysis of the maneuvering behavior of a design to later in the process, where improvement or correction of an adverse behavior may be difficult to implement. The analysis of out-of-plane conditions or combined pitch-yaw conditions especially, are usually relegated to the detail analysis phase as empirical/ analytical descriptions of these conditions are lacking in the literature. It is therefore desired to develop a method to move these more detailed maneuvering analyses forward in the design phase.
利用机器学习算法,即人工神经网络建模,建立轴对称公转体的力系数和力矩系数预测模型。这些预测模型与几何参数和流入条件具有高度非线性的函数关系,总共有五个输入因素。一个统一的实验设计是由这五个因素中的50个设计点组成的,并规定了哪些测试点要模拟。数据是通过计算流体动力学模拟生成的,在设计实验规定的实验条件下,使用NavyFOAM对所有几何形状进行了模拟。通过比较作者之前在类似几何上进行的研究的行为趋势,验证了预测模型的有效性。还创建了一个测试数据集,以确保预测模型不会与训练数据过拟合,并且可以准确预测实验设计区域内的任意几何形状和流入条件。一旦预测模型得到验证,它们就被用来研究改变实验固有的几何参数对每个力和力矩系数的影响。多学科优化(MDO)方案用于气动/水动力飞行器的早期概念设计阶段,通常使用基于经验或分析关系的简化平面机动特性,以限制机动预测的计算成本。这种方法将对设计的操纵行为进行更详细的分析,留到后期的过程中,此时对不利行为的改进或纠正可能难以实现。由于文献中缺乏对这些条件的经验/分析描述,对面外条件或俯仰-偏航组合条件的分析通常被归为细节分析阶段。因此,需要开发一种方法,在设计阶段将这些更详细的机动分析向前推进。
{"title":"Hydrodynamic Characterization of Bodies of Revolution through Statistical-Empirical Prediction Modeling Using Machine Learning","authors":"C. Thurman, J. R. Somero","doi":"10.5957/josr.06200035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/josr.06200035","url":null,"abstract":"Machine learning algorithms, namely artificial neural network modeling, were used to create prediction models for force and moment coefficients of axisymmetric bodies of revolution. These prediction models had highly nonlinear functional relationships to both geometric parameters and inflow conditions, totaling five input factors. A uniform experimental design was created consisting of 50 design points in these five factors and dictated which test points to simulate. Data was generated using computational fluid dynamic simulations, which were performed on all geometries using NavyFOAM at the experimental conditions prescribed by the designed experiment. The prediction models were validated by comparing behavioral trends in responses to previous research conducted by the author on a similar geometry. A test data sets was also created and used to ensure that the prediction models were not overfit to the training data and that they could accurately predict arbitrary geometries and inflow conditions within the experimental design region. Once the prediction models were validated, they were used to study the effects of varying the geometric parameters, inherent to the experiment, on each of the force and moment coefficients.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Multidisciplinary optimization (MDO) schemes used in the early concept design phases for aero/hydrodynamic vehicles often use simplified planar maneuvering characteristics based on empirical or analytical relations in order to limit the computational cost of maneuverability prediction. This method leaves a more detailed analysis of the maneuvering behavior of a design to later in the process, where improvement or correction of an adverse behavior may be difficult to implement. The analysis of out-of-plane conditions or combined pitch-yaw conditions especially, are usually relegated to the detail analysis phase as empirical/ analytical descriptions of these conditions are lacking in the literature. It is therefore desired to develop a method to move these more detailed maneuvering analyses forward in the design phase.\u0000","PeriodicalId":50052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ship Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41815340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Research on the Installation and Alignment Method of Ship Multi-support Bearings Based on Different Confidence-Level Training Samples 基于不同置信度训练样本的船舶多支承轴承安装对准方法研究
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2021-08-03 DOI: 10.5957/josr.11200056
Yibin Deng, Xiaogang Yang, Shi-dong Fan, Hao Jin, Tao Su, Han-hua Zhu
Because of the long propulsion shafting of special ships, the number of bearings is large and the number of measured bearing reaction data is small, which makes the installation of shafting difficult. To apply a small amount of measured data to the process of ship installation so as to accurately calculate the displacement value in the actual installation, this article proposes a method to calculate the displacement value of shafting intermediate bearing based on different confidence-level training samples. Taking a ro-ro ship as the research object, this research simulates the actual installation process, gives a higher confidence level to a small amount of measured data, constructs a new training sample set for machine learning, and finally obtains the genetic algorithm-backpropagation(GABP) neural network reflecting the actual installation process. At the same time, this research compares the accuracy between different confidence-level training sample shafting neural network and the shafting neural network without measured data, and the results show that the accuracy of shafting neural network with different confidence-level training samples is higher. Although as the adjustment times and the number of measured data increase, the network accuracy is significantly improved. After adding four measured data, the maximum error is within 1%, which can play a guiding role in the ship propulsion shafting alignment. With the rapid development of science and technology in the world, special ships such as engineering ships, official ships, and warships play an important role (Carrasco et al. 2020; Prill et al. 2020). Some ships of this special type are limited by various factors such as the stern line of engine room, hull stability, and operation requirements. They usually adopt the layout of middle or front engine room, which causes the propulsion system to have a longer shaft and the number of intermediate shafts and intermediate bearings exceeds two. This forms a so-called multisupport shafting (Lee et al. 2019) and it increases the difficulty of shafting alignment because of the force-coupling between the bearings (Lai et al. 2018a, 2018b). The process of the existing methods for calculating the displacement value is complex, and because of the influence of installation error and other factors, it is necessary to adjust the bearing height several times to make the bearing reaction meet the specification requirements(Kim et al. 2017, Ko et al. 2017). So how to predict the accurate displacement value of each intermediate bearing is the key to solving the problem of multisupport shafting intermediate bearing installation and calibration (Zhou et al. 2005, Xiao-fei et al. 2017).
由于特种船舶的推进轴系较长,轴承数量较多,而测量到的轴承反力数据较少,给轴系的安装带来了困难。为了将少量的实测数据应用到船舶安装过程中,以便准确计算实际安装中的位移值,本文提出了一种基于不同置信度训练样本的轴系中间轴承位移值计算方法。本研究以一艘滚装船为研究对象,模拟实际安装过程,对少量实测数据给予较高的置信度,构建新的训练样本集进行机器学习,最终得到反映实际安装过程的遗传算法-反向传播(GABP)神经网络。同时,本研究比较了不同置信水平训练样本的轴系神经网络与不含实测数据的轴系神经网络的精度,结果表明,不同置信水平训练样本的轴系神经网络精度更高。虽然随着平差次数和测量数据数量的增加,网络精度得到了显著提高。添加4个实测数据后,最大误差在1%以内,可对船舶推进轴系校中起到指导作用。随着世界科学技术的飞速发展,工程船、公务船、军舰等特种船舶发挥着重要作用(Carrasco et al. 2020;Prill et al. 2020)。这种特殊类型的一些船舶受到诸如机舱尾线、船体稳定性和操作要求等各种因素的限制。它们通常采用中机舱或前机舱的布置,这使得推进系统具有较长的轴,中间轴和中间轴承的数量超过两个。这形成了所谓的多支撑轴系(Lee et al. 2019),由于轴承之间的力耦合,它增加了轴系对准的难度(Lai et al. 2018a, 2018b)。现有的位移值计算方法过程复杂,由于安装误差等因素的影响,需要多次调整轴承高度,使轴承反力满足规范要求(Kim et al. 2017, Ko et al. 2017)。因此,如何准确预测各中间轴承的位移值是解决多支承轴系中间轴承安装标定问题的关键(Zhou et al. 2005, xiaofei et al. 2017)。
{"title":"Research on the Installation and Alignment Method of Ship Multi-support Bearings Based on Different Confidence-Level Training Samples","authors":"Yibin Deng, Xiaogang Yang, Shi-dong Fan, Hao Jin, Tao Su, Han-hua Zhu","doi":"10.5957/josr.11200056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/josr.11200056","url":null,"abstract":"Because of the long propulsion shafting of special ships, the number of bearings is large and the number of measured bearing reaction data is small, which makes the installation of shafting difficult. To apply a small amount of measured data to the process of ship installation so as to accurately calculate the displacement value in the actual installation, this article proposes a method to calculate the displacement value of shafting intermediate bearing based on different confidence-level training samples. Taking a ro-ro ship as the research object, this research simulates the actual installation process, gives a higher confidence level to a small amount of measured data, constructs a new training sample set for machine learning, and finally obtains the genetic algorithm-backpropagation(GABP) neural network reflecting the actual installation process. At the same time, this research compares the accuracy between different confidence-level training sample shafting neural network and the shafting neural network without measured data, and the results show that the accuracy of shafting neural network with different confidence-level training samples is higher. Although as the adjustment times and the number of measured data increase, the network accuracy is significantly improved. After adding four measured data, the maximum error is within 1%, which can play a guiding role in the ship propulsion shafting alignment.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 With the rapid development of science and technology in the world, special ships such as engineering ships, official ships, and warships play an important role (Carrasco et al. 2020; Prill et al. 2020). Some ships of this special type are limited by various factors such as the stern line of engine room, hull stability, and operation requirements. They usually adopt the layout of middle or front engine room, which causes the propulsion system to have a longer shaft and the number of intermediate shafts and intermediate bearings exceeds two. This forms a so-called multisupport shafting (Lee et al. 2019) and it increases the difficulty of shafting alignment because of the force-coupling between the bearings (Lai et al. 2018a, 2018b). The process of the existing methods for calculating the displacement value is complex, and because of the influence of installation error and other factors, it is necessary to adjust the bearing height several times to make the bearing reaction meet the specification requirements(Kim et al. 2017, Ko et al. 2017). So how to predict the accurate displacement value of each intermediate bearing is the key to solving the problem of multisupport shafting intermediate bearing installation and calibration (Zhou et al. 2005, Xiao-fei et al. 2017).\u0000","PeriodicalId":50052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ship Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46588391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Ship Research
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1