Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery最新文献_第7页

Autologous fat grafting auxiliary methods in craniofacial deformities: A systematic review and network meta-analysis 颅面畸形的自体脂肪移植辅助方法：系统综述和网络荟萃分析。

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 SURGERY

Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.09.060

Nathanael Tendean Witono , Ahmad Fauzi , Kristaninta Bangun

Background

To increase autologous fat grafting (AFG) volume retention, current advancements focus on adding an auxiliary method to the process. This review aimed to address which auxiliary methods prove to be the best in terms of volume retention outcome.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was performed in five medical databases, including PubMed, Proquest, Scopus, CENTRAL, and ScienceDirect, until March 2024, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

Results

Twenty-six studies were included in this review, and seven studies were included in the network meta-analysis. Reported auxiliary methods include stromal vascular fractions (SVFs) [12.20, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.04 to 24.35], adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) (24.20, 95% CI 4.14 to 44.26), and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) [24.10, 95% CI −2.68 to 50.88]. When compared with the standard AFG approach, SVFs (p = 0.049) and ADSCs (p = 0.018) were more successful in retaining volume. However, PRP (p = 0.077) was not as effective. The comparison between auxiliary approaches, ADSCs vs PRP (p = 0.994), ADSCs vs SVFs (p = 0.271), and PRP vs SVF (p = 0.383), did not show any significant differences. Subgroup analysis revealed that the use of volumetric measuring methods has a substantial impact on the reported volume retention (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

Enhanced volume retention can be attained with the utilization of SVF and ADSCs auxiliary methods in comparison to AFG, with or without PRP. Given the insignificant differences between SVF and ADSC, along with the greater complexity of the ADSC process, we recommend for the preferable use of SVF.

背景：为了提高自体脂肪移植（AFG）的容积保持率，目前的进展主要集中在为这一过程添加辅助方法。本综述旨在探讨哪种辅助方法在容积保持效果方面被证明是最好的：根据系统综述和元分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，在五大医学数据库（包括 PubMed、Proquest、Scopus、CENTRAL 和 ScienceDirect）中进行了全面的文献检索，检索期至 2024 年 3 月：本综述纳入了 26 项研究，网络荟萃分析纳入了 7 项研究。报告的辅助方法包括基质血管碎片（SVFs）[12.20，95%置信区间（CI）0.04至24.35]、脂肪组织衍生干细胞（ADSCs）（24.20，95% CI 4.14至44.26）和富血小板血浆（PRP）[24.10，95% CI -2.68至50.88]。与标准 AFG 方法相比，SVFs（p = 0.049）和 ADSCs（p = 0.018）在保留容积方面更为成功。然而，PRP（p = 0.077）的效果不佳。ADSCs vs PRP (p = 0.994)、ADSCs vs SVFs (p = 0.271)和 PRP vs SVF (p = 0.383)等辅助方法之间的比较没有显示出任何显著差异。分组分析表明，使用容积测量方法对报告的容积保持率有很大影响（p < 0.0001）：结论：使用 SVF 和 ADSCs 辅助方法与使用或不使用 PRP 的 AFG 相比，可以提高容积保持率。鉴于 SVF 和 ADSC 之间的差异并不明显，而且 ADSC 过程更为复杂，我们建议优先使用 SVF。

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引用次数: 0

Two-step cluster analysis based on three-dimensional CT measurements of craniofacial structures in severe craniofacial microsomia 基于颅面结构三维 CT 测量的重度颅面微畸形两步聚类分析。

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 SURGERY

Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.09.052

Hongwen Li , Mengjia Zou , Binghang Li , Xi Xu , Zhiyong Zhang , Xiaojun Tang , Lunkun Ma , Shi Feng , Wei Liu

Background

The Pruzansky-Kaban and OMENS classifications do not provide additional details on temporomandibular joint deformities. The aim of this study was to classify and quantitatively define severe forms of craniofacial microsomia based on three-dimensional maxillofacial measurements, focusing on deformities in the zygomatic, temporal, and mandibular bones.

Methods

Maxillofacial computed tomography (CT) scans of children with severe types of craniofacial microsomia (CFM) from 2010 to 2020 were collected. Three-dimensional measurements of zygomatic arch length, height of mandibular ramus, height of maxilla, and occlusal cant were performed. A two-step cluster analysis was conducted based on zygomatic arch continuity, occlusal cant, and the ratio of the affected side to the unaffected side (A/U ratio) for zygomatic arch length, mandibular ramus height, and maxillary height.

Results

Fifty patients (32 male, 18 female) were included in the study. They were classified into 2 clusters through cluster analysis. Cluster 1 comprised subjects (44% of patients) with continuous zygomatic arches. Cluster 2 comprised subjects (39% of patients) with discontinuous zygomatic arches. The zygomatic arch A/U ratio in cluster 1 was greater than that in cluster 2, with statistical significance observed. Additionally, the maxilla height A/U ratio in cluster 1 was lower than in cluster 2, also with statistical significance. There was no statistically significant difference observed in the ramus height A/U ratio and occlusal cant between clusters 1 and 2.

Conclusions

Based on craniofacial measurements, severe CFM can be categorized into two types: continuous zygomatic arch and discontinuous zygomatic arch. This cluster analysis complemented the OMENS classification and could assist in the selection and design of prosthetic joints for patients with CFM.

背景：普鲁赞斯基-卡班（Pruzansky-Kaban）和奥曼斯（OMENS）分类法没有提供有关颞下颌关节畸形的更多详细信息。本研究的目的是根据颌面部三维测量结果，对严重颅面小畸形进行分类和定量定义，重点是颧骨、颞骨和下颌骨的畸形：方法：收集 2010 年至 2020 年严重颅面小畸形（CFM）儿童的颌面部计算机断层扫描（CT）结果。对颧弓长度、下颌横突高度、上颌骨高度和咬合面进行了三维测量。根据颧弓长度、下颌横突高度和上颌高度的颧弓连续性、咬合斜度以及患侧与非患侧的比率（A/U比率）进行了两步聚类分析：研究共纳入 50 名患者（32 名男性，18 名女性）。通过聚类分析将他们分为两组。聚类 1 包括颧弓连续的受试者（44% 的患者）。第 2 组包括颧弓不连续的受试者（39% 的患者）。第 1 组的颧弓 A/U 比值大于第 2 组，具有统计学意义。此外，第 1 组的上颌骨高度 A/U 比值低于第 2 组，也有统计学意义。第 1 组和第 2 组的颌骨高度 A/U 比和咬合面形在统计学上没有明显差异：根据颅颌面测量结果，严重 CFM 可分为两种类型：连续颧弓和不连续颧弓。该聚类分析是对OMENS分类的补充，有助于为CFM患者选择和设计修复关节。

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引用次数: 0

The use of SCIP-based vascularized lymphnode and lymphatic vessels transfer in perforator-to-perforator fashion: A standard approach to potentially reduce morbidity and increase efficacy in lymphedema surgery 以穿孔器对穿孔器的方式使用基于 SCIP 的血管化淋巴结和淋巴管转移：淋巴水肿手术中降低发病率和提高疗效的标准方法

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 SURGERY

Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.09.063

Mario F. Scaglioni , Matteo Meroni

引用次数: 0

Sleep quality after autologous breast reconstruction 自体乳房重建后的睡眠质量

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 SURGERY

Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.09.035

N. Gort , G. Huisman-De Waal , S. Hummelink , H. Vermeulen , T. De Jong

Background

Sleep is a fundamental aspect of human health and well-being, but is often interrupted in a hospital setting. Especially after surgery, poor sleep quality can negatively affect postoperative recovery and quality of life. Therefore, the aim of this study was to gain insights into the quality of sleep in patients after autologous breast reconstruction and evaluate factors associated with the quality of sleep.

Materials and methods

In this single-center observational cohort study, participants completed a sleep diary, including the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and EQ-5D-5L quality of life questionnaire, before surgery, during hospital admission, and two weeks and three months postoperative. Additional variables such as pain and anesthesia duration were collected.

Results

Twenty-nine patients were included. Before the surgery, 58% of them experienced poor quality of sleep, with a median PSQI score of 5.0. During hospital admission, 83% of the patients had poor quality of sleep, with a PSQI score of 6.0. The PSQI score two weeks postoperative increased to 7.0 and decreased three months postoperative to 5.0. Patients with pain scores >4 (“pain” group), had higher median PSQI scores than patients with pain scores ≤4 (“no pain” group) at all postoperative time points previously mentioned. No correlation was observed between anesthesia duration or quality of life.

Conclusion

Poor sleep quality was experienced by most women after autologous breast reconstruction, especially in those with higher postoperative pain scores. This knowledge offers an opportunity to improve the postoperative care for such patients.

背景睡眠是人类健康和幸福的一个基本方面，但在医院环境中却经常被打断。尤其是在手术后，睡眠质量差会对术后恢复和生活质量产生负面影响。因此，本研究旨在深入了解自体乳房再造术后患者的睡眠质量，并评估与睡眠质量相关的因素。材料与方法在这项单中心观察性队列研究中，参与者在手术前、入院期间、术后两周和三个月完成了睡眠日记，包括匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）和EQ-5D-5L生活质量问卷。此外，还收集了疼痛和麻醉持续时间等其他变量。手术前，58%的患者睡眠质量不佳，PSQI 中位数为 5.0 分。入院期间，83%的患者睡眠质量差，PSQI 得分为 6.0。术后两周的 PSQI 分数上升到 7.0，术后三个月下降到 5.0。在前面提到的所有术后时间点上，疼痛评分为 >4（"疼痛 "组）的患者的 PSQI 中位数均高于疼痛评分≤4（"无痛 "组）的患者。结论大多数女性在自体乳房再造术后睡眠质量不佳，尤其是术后疼痛评分较高的女性。这些知识为改善此类患者的术后护理提供了机会。

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引用次数: 0

Surgical treatment delay in patients with headache disorders and neuralgia correlates with poor postoperative outcome 头痛和神经痛患者的手术治疗延迟与术后效果不佳有关。

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 SURGERY

Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.09.058

Merel H.J. Hazewinkel , Katya Remy , Leonard Knoedler , William G. Austen Jr. , Lisa Gfrerer

Introduction

Although nerve decompression surgery has proven to be effective in reducing symptoms in patients with head and neck neuralgia and headache disorders, it is currently not part of the treatment algorithms for headache disorders. Therefore, patients wait an average of 20 years from the onset of symptoms to surgery, resulting in high conservative treatment costs ($989,275.65 per patient) and patient morbidity. This study evaluated the clinical impact of treatment delays on surgical outcomes.

Methods

Overall, 282 patients who underwent nerve decompression surgery at Weill Cornell Medicine and Massachusetts General Hospital between September 2012 and January 2024 were enrolled. Information regarding demographics, onset of symptoms, and headache characteristics was collected using patient surveys. The treatment outcome was evaluated by the percentage of symptom reduction in terms of frequency, duration, and pain intensity. An area under the receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to determine the optimal timepoint to undergo surgery.

Results

Postoperative symptom reduction and time between the onset of symptoms and surgery were negatively correlated (r = −0.22; p < 0.001). The most significant difference in outcome was found at 2.9 years from symptom onset; patients who underwent surgery before this timepoint reported an average improvement of 79 ± 23% versus 67 ± 35% in those who were treated after the timepoint (p = 0.021).

Conclusion

Our results indicate that delays in undergoing nerve decompression surgery beyond 2.9 years from symptom onset leads to less favorable postoperative outcomes, underscoring the need for timely referral to peripheral nerve surgeons when conservative management fails. Nonetheless, even with delays in surgical intervention, patients continued to experience significant symptom reduction.

简介：尽管神经减压手术已被证明能有效减轻头颈部神经痛和头痛疾病患者的症状，但目前它还不是头痛疾病治疗方案的一部分。因此，患者从出现症状到接受手术治疗平均需要等待 20 年，这导致了高昂的保守治疗费用（每位患者 989,275.65 美元）和患者发病率。本研究评估了治疗延迟对手术结果的临床影响：2012年9月至2024年1月期间在威尔康奈尔医学院和麻省总医院接受神经减压手术的282名患者被纳入研究。通过患者调查收集了有关人口统计学、发病症状和头痛特征的信息。治疗效果根据症状减轻的频率、持续时间和疼痛强度的百分比进行评估。为了确定接受手术的最佳时间点，还进行了受体操作特征下面积分析：结果：术后症状减轻率与症状出现和手术之间的时间呈负相关（r = -0.22；p 结论：我们的结果表明，延迟接受神经外科手术可能会导致患者疼痛加剧：我们的研究结果表明，从症状出现起超过 2.9 年才接受神经减压手术会导致术后效果不佳，这也强调了在保守治疗无效时及时转诊给周围神经外科医生的必要性。尽管如此，即使延迟手术治疗，患者的症状仍能明显减轻。

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引用次数: 0

Beyond the needle: Lessons from the Gibson tragedy and strategies for enhancing local and regional anaesthetic safety 针头之外：吉布森悲剧的教训以及加强局部和区域麻醉安全的策略。

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 SURGERY

Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.09.062

Jing Qin Tay, Ky-Leigh Ang, Eva Nagy, Atilla A. Emin, Hetty Breed, Isabel Hughes

引用次数: 0

Beyond financial support: Amplifying the non-monetary benefits of plastic surgery sub-internship scholarships to enhance diversity 超越经济支持：放大整形外科实习奖学金的非金钱收益，促进多样性

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 SURGERY

Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.09.050

Bryan Torres, Pablo Ochoa, Luis A. Antezana, Paris D. Butler, Karim Bakri

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of speech outcomes in hemiglossectomy: Factors influencing long-term results 评估半月板切除术的语言效果：影响长期效果的因素

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 SURGERY

Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.09.042

Tae Hyung Kim, Young Chul Kim, Jong Woo Choi

Background

Achieving optimal functional speech outcomes is essential in tongue reconstruction. Variables such as recipient artery, tumor size, and radiotherapy can impact tongue movement and speech outcome. Various tongue resection types and reconstruction methods exist. Our study examined post-hemiglossectomy speech outcomes by considering the reconstruction type and other relevant factors.

Methods

This retrospective study included 24 patients who underwent hemi-tongue reconstruction and speech rehabilitation. The evaluation included articulation, intelligibility, and specific syllabic challenges. Speech recordings and assessments were conducted in a controlled environment. Tongue movement and articulation were evaluated, and a speech therapist scored the intelligibility.

Results

In the 24 patients (mean age 53.3 years), hemi-tongue reconstruction with different flaps was performed. Elevation significantly impacted articulation (r = 0.621, p = 0.001) and intelligibility (r = 0.447, p = 0.029). Additionally, difficulties with the Korean /ㄹ/ sound (equivalent to /l/ or /r/ in English) were associated with elevation (r = −0.581, p = 0.003, 0: normal, 1: abnormal). In the multivariate regression analysis, elevation was found to be the significant factor influencing the difficulty in pronouncing the specific syllable /ㄹ/ (B=−0.059, OR=0.943, 95% confidence interval=0.902–0.986, p = 0.009). Mean articulation score was 89.3% (standard deviation 9.5). Intelligibility scores indicated that the speech was more than understandable in 91.6% of cases.

Conclusions

Favorable speech outcomes were observed post-hemiglossectomy with free flap reconstruction. Enhanced elevation functions led to the initial improvement of specific syllable (/ㄹ/) difficulties, with no observed challenges in pronouncing the /ㄹ/ sound during the follow-up period.

背景：实现最佳的语言功能效果对舌头重建至关重要。受体动脉、肿瘤大小和放疗等变量都会影响舌头的运动和语言效果。目前存在多种舌头切除类型和重建方法。我们的研究通过考虑重建类型和其他相关因素，对半月板切除术后的言语效果进行了研究：这项回顾性研究包括 24 名接受半舌重建和语言康复治疗的患者。评估内容包括发音、清晰度和特定的音节挑战。语音记录和评估在受控环境中进行。对舌头运动和发音进行评估，并由语言治疗师对可懂度进行评分：在 24 名患者（平均年龄 53.3 岁）中，使用不同的皮瓣进行了半舌重建。抬高明显影响发音（r = 0.621，p = 0.001）和可懂度（r = 0.447，p = 0.029）。此外，韩语/ㄹ/音（相当于英语中的/l/或/r/）的发音困难与音调升高有关（r = -0.581，p = 0.003，0：正常，1：异常）。在多元回归分析中，发现升高是影响特定音节/ㄹ/发音难度的重要因素（B=-0.059，OR=0.943，95% 置信区间=0.902-0.986，p=0.009）。平均发音得分率为 89.3%（标准差为 9.5）。可理解度得分表明，91.6%的病例的言语可理解度较高：结论：采用游离皮瓣重建的半月板切除术后观察到了良好的语言效果。提升功能的增强使特定音节（/ㄹ/）的发音困难得到初步改善，在随访期间未观察到/ㄹ/发音困难。

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引用次数: 0

Interpersonal impressions of cleft and non-cleft adolescents: A panel assessment study of peers, laypersons, and clinicians using 3dMD images 裂隙和非裂隙青少年的人际印象：使用 3dMD 图像对同龄人、非专业人士和临床医生进行小组评估研究。

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 SURGERY

Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.09.043

Chih-Kai Hsu , Le-Yung Wang , Amber Paige McCranie , Pin-Ru Chen , Ting-Chen Lu , Pang-Yun Chou , Lun-Jou Lo

Background

Patients with cleft lip and palate anomalies suffer from associated negative psychosocial effects despite undergoing reconstructive surgeries. Discrimination from others may be a contributing factor. We aim to understand whether people react differently to cleft and non-cleft subjects in questions regarding aesthetic appraisal and interpersonal impressions, as well as whether diverging opinions exist between people of different backgrounds.

Materials and methods

Using the 3dMD system, three-dimensional craniofacial images of cleft (n = 20) and non-cleft (n = 5) pediatric individuals were obtained and used to create a Likert scale-based questionnaire. Participants from three different backgrounds, including adolescent peers, adult laypersons, and plastic surgeons, were recruited to complete the assessment. The resulting data were transferred to a bar graph and analyzed with the item response theory–graded response model to estimate the latent traits and capability of each subject.

Results

Non-cleft images obtained more positive responses than cleft images in questions of both aesthetic appraisal and interpersonal impressions. However, some of the cleft images were rated similarly, or even superior, to non-cleft images in questions regarding interpersonal impressions. Surgeons showed the greatest latent capability in differentiating between cleft and non-cleft images, followed by adult laypersons, and then adolescent peers.

Conclusions

Despite cleft patients experiencing drastic improvements in appearance post-repair, all subject groups responded differently to questions concerning aesthetic and social impressions of pediatric cleft and non-cleft images. Plastic surgeons were more critical than others. These findings may offer further insight to clinicians, educators, and caregivers into the social challenges faced by cleft individuals.

背景：唇腭裂畸形患者尽管接受了整形手术，但仍会受到相关的负面社会心理影响。来自他人的歧视可能是一个诱因。我们旨在了解人们对唇腭裂和非唇腭裂受试者在美学评价和人际印象方面的反应是否不同，以及不同背景的人之间是否存在意见分歧：使用 3dMD 系统获取了儿童裂隙（20 人）和非裂隙（5 人）的三维颅面图像，并将其用于制作基于李克特量表的问卷。我们招募了三种不同背景的参与者来完成评估，包括青少年同龄人、成人非专业人士和整形外科医生。所得数据被转换成条形图，并用项目反应理论-分级反应模型进行分析，以估计每个受试者的潜在特质和能力：结果：在美学评价和人际印象的问题上，非裂隙图像比裂隙图像获得了更多的正面回答。然而，在人际印象问题上，一些裂隙图像的评分与非裂隙图像相似，甚至更高。外科医生在区分唇裂和非唇裂图像方面的潜在能力最强，其次是成年非专业人士，然后是青少年同龄人：结论：尽管裂隙患者在修复后外观得到了显著改善，但所有受试者群体在回答有关小儿裂隙和非裂隙图像的美学和社会印象的问题时都表现出了不同的反应。整形外科医生比其他医生更挑剔。这些发现可能会让临床医生、教育工作者和护理人员进一步了解唇裂患者所面临的社会挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Dorsal roof flap rhinoplasty: Updated results and a new classification of nasal dorsal deformity 鼻背顶皮瓣鼻整形术：鼻背畸形的最新结果和新分类。

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 SURGERY

Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.09.047

Umut Tuncel , Ismail Bulbuloglu , Goran Lazovic , Yves Saban

Background

The dorsal roof flap (DRF) technique was developed as a modification of the retractable roof method, which is a variant of dorsal preservation (DP).

Objective

The paper aims to present new results of the DRF technique and dorsal deformity analysis created for the technique.

Methods

A total of 57 primary rhinoplasty patients treated with DRF technique between 2022–2023 years were included in the study. A dorsal deformity classification based on the anticipated amount of dorsal reduction, nasal bone shape, and hump content was used. According to the classification, the noses were categorized into 3 types. All data were obtained from patient records, computed tomography views, and pre-and postoperative photographs. Aesthetic and functional results were assessed pre-and postoperatively using a visual analog scale (VAS) (0–10, 0 points means very poor).

Results

The mean follow-up period was 10.1 ± 3.9 months. 23 cases were type 1, 14 were type 2, and 20 were type 3. The anticipated amount of dorsal reduction in type 1 was 2–4 mm, 5–7 mm in type 2, and 8–10 mm in type 3 deformity. Of the total, 27 cases had a V-shaped nasal bone and 30 had an S-shaped. The hump composition was cartilaginous in 13 cases and bone and cartilage in 44 cases. Pre- and postoperative aesthetic and functional VAS scores were significantly different (p ≤ 0.001). No complications and therefore no revisions were observed during the follow-up period.

Conclusion

It is a versatile method to reshape the nasal dorsum and minimize the revisions associated with dorsal preservation when used in appropriate cases.

背景：背顶皮瓣（DRF）技术是在可伸缩背顶法的基础上发展起来的，而可伸缩背顶法是背侧保留（DP）的一种变体：本文旨在介绍 DRF 技术的新结果以及针对该技术的鼻背畸形分析：研究对象包括 2022-2023 年间采用 DRF 技术治疗的 57 例初次鼻整形患者。研究根据预期的鼻背缩小量、鼻骨形状和驼峰内容进行了鼻背畸形分类。根据该分类法，鼻部被分为三种类型。所有数据均来自患者记录、计算机断层扫描视图和术前术后照片。使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）（0-10 分，0 分表示非常差）对术前和术后的美学和功能效果进行评估：平均随访时间为 10.1 ± 3.9 个月。23 例为 1 型，14 例为 2 型，20 例为 3 型。1型畸形的预期背缩量为2-4毫米，2型为5-7毫米，3型为8-10毫米。在所有病例中，27 例为 V 形鼻骨，30 例为 S 形鼻骨。驼峰成分中，13 例为软骨，44 例为骨和软骨。术前和术后的美学和功能 VAS 评分有显著差异（P ≤ 0.001）。随访期间未发现并发症，因此也未发现翻修：结论：这是一种重塑鼻背的多功能方法，在合适的病例中使用时，可将与保留鼻背相关的翻修率降到最低。

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引用次数: 0