Xiongde Dong, Leyun Yang, Laura Sofie Harbo, Xinyu Yan, Jing Chen, Cancan Zhao, Yutong Xiao, Hao Liu, Shilin Wang, Y. Miao, Dong Wang, Shijie Han
Soil microorganisms and their diversity are important bio-indicators of soil carbon and nutrient cycling. Land use type is a major determining factor that influences soil microbial community composition in floodplain ecosystems. However, how the structure and diversity of soil microbial communities respond to specific changes in land use, as well as the main drivers of these changes, are still unclear. This study was conducted in the Yellow River floodplain to examine the effects of land use type on soil microbial communities. Four land use types (shrubland, farmland, grassland, and forest) were selected, wherein shrubland served as the baseline. We measured soil microbial structure and diversity using phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). Land use type significantly affected total, bacterial, and fungal PLFAs, and the gram-positive/negative bacterial PLFAs. Compared with shrubland, peanut farmland had higher total and bacterial PLFAs and forest had higher fungal PLFAs. Soil pH and phosphorus were the predominate drivers of microbial PLFAs, explaining 37% and 26% of the variability, respectively. Soil total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were the main factors increasing microbial community diversity. Peanut farmland had the highest soil carbon content, soil carbon stock, total PLFAs, and microbial diversity, suggesting that farmland has great potential as a carbon sink. Our findings indicated that peanut farmland in the Yellow River floodplain is critical for maintaining soil microbial communities and soil carbon sequestration.
{"title":"Effects of land use on soil microbial community structure and diversity in the Yellow River floodplain","authors":"Xiongde Dong, Leyun Yang, Laura Sofie Harbo, Xinyu Yan, Jing Chen, Cancan Zhao, Yutong Xiao, Hao Liu, Shilin Wang, Y. Miao, Dong Wang, Shijie Han","doi":"10.1093/jpe/rtac075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtac075","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Soil microorganisms and their diversity are important bio-indicators of soil carbon and nutrient cycling. Land use type is a major determining factor that influences soil microbial community composition in floodplain ecosystems. However, how the structure and diversity of soil microbial communities respond to specific changes in land use, as well as the main drivers of these changes, are still unclear. This study was conducted in the Yellow River floodplain to examine the effects of land use type on soil microbial communities. Four land use types (shrubland, farmland, grassland, and forest) were selected, wherein shrubland served as the baseline. We measured soil microbial structure and diversity using phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). Land use type significantly affected total, bacterial, and fungal PLFAs, and the gram-positive/negative bacterial PLFAs. Compared with shrubland, peanut farmland had higher total and bacterial PLFAs and forest had higher fungal PLFAs. Soil pH and phosphorus were the predominate drivers of microbial PLFAs, explaining 37% and 26% of the variability, respectively. Soil total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were the main factors increasing microbial community diversity. Peanut farmland had the highest soil carbon content, soil carbon stock, total PLFAs, and microbial diversity, suggesting that farmland has great potential as a carbon sink. Our findings indicated that peanut farmland in the Yellow River floodplain is critical for maintaining soil microbial communities and soil carbon sequestration.","PeriodicalId":50085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42966435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jie Liu, Zongshan Li, Maierdang Keyimu, Xiaochun Wang, Haibin Liang, Xiaoming Feng, G. Gao, B. Fu
Accelerated global warming in the late 20 th century led to frequent forest-decline events in the Northern Hemisphere and increased the complexity of the relationships between tree growth and climate factors. However, few studies have explored the heterogeneity of responses of tree growth to climate factors in different regions of the Northern Hemisphere before and after accelerated warming. In this study, a total of 229 temperature-sensitive tree-ring width chronologies from nine regions on three continents in the Northern Hemisphere were used in the data analysis performed herein. A bootstrapped correlation analysis method was used to investigate whether the tree growth-climate response changed significantly in different regions between the periods before and after rapid warming. Probability density functions and piecewise linear fitting were used to study the fluctuation characteristics of the tree-ring width indices before and after rapid warming. At the end of the 20 th century (from 1977-2000), rapid warming significantly promoted the radial growth of trees in different regions of the Northern Hemisphere, but tree radial growth was heterogenous among the different regions from 1950-2000. After 1976, except in central North America and northern Europe, the correlation between tree growth and temperature increased significantly in the Northern Hemisphere, especially in Asia. From 1977-2000, tree-ring index and temperature divergences were observed in nine regions with a divergence of 2-5 years. From 1950-2000, tree growth tracked better average temperature variability in the Northern Hemisphere than regional temperature.
{"title":"Accelerated warming in the late 20 th century promoted tree radial growth in the Northern Hemisphere","authors":"Jie Liu, Zongshan Li, Maierdang Keyimu, Xiaochun Wang, Haibin Liang, Xiaoming Feng, G. Gao, B. Fu","doi":"10.1093/jpe/rtac077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtac077","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Accelerated global warming in the late 20 th century led to frequent forest-decline events in the Northern Hemisphere and increased the complexity of the relationships between tree growth and climate factors. However, few studies have explored the heterogeneity of responses of tree growth to climate factors in different regions of the Northern Hemisphere before and after accelerated warming. In this study, a total of 229 temperature-sensitive tree-ring width chronologies from nine regions on three continents in the Northern Hemisphere were used in the data analysis performed herein. A bootstrapped correlation analysis method was used to investigate whether the tree growth-climate response changed significantly in different regions between the periods before and after rapid warming. Probability density functions and piecewise linear fitting were used to study the fluctuation characteristics of the tree-ring width indices before and after rapid warming. At the end of the 20 th century (from 1977-2000), rapid warming significantly promoted the radial growth of trees in different regions of the Northern Hemisphere, but tree radial growth was heterogenous among the different regions from 1950-2000. After 1976, except in central North America and northern Europe, the correlation between tree growth and temperature increased significantly in the Northern Hemisphere, especially in Asia. From 1977-2000, tree-ring index and temperature divergences were observed in nine regions with a divergence of 2-5 years. From 1950-2000, tree growth tracked better average temperature variability in the Northern Hemisphere than regional temperature.","PeriodicalId":50085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43916901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant leaf litter decomposition provides a source of energy and nutrients in forest ecosystems. In addition to traditional environmental factors, the degradation process of litter is also affected by plant functional traits and litter quality. However, at the community level, it is still unclear whether the relative importance of plant traits and litter quality on the litter decomposition rate is consistent. A year-long mixed leaf litter decomposition experiment in a similar environment was implemented by using the litterbag method in seven typical forest types in Dongling Mountain, Beijing, North China, including six monodominant communities dominated by Juglans mandshurica, Populus cathayana, Betula dahurica, B. platyphylla, Pinus tabuliformis and Larix gmelinii var. principis-rupprechtii and one codominant community dominated by Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Quercus mongolica and Tilia mongolica. The results showed that there were considerable differences in the litter decomposition rate (k-rate) among the different forest types. The community weighted mean (CWM) traits of green leaves and litter quality explained 35.60% and 9.05% of the k-rate variations, respectively, and the interpretation rate of their interaction was 23.37%, indicating that the CWM traits and their interaction with litter quality were the main factors affecting the k-rate variations. In the RDA, leaf nitrogen content, leaf dry matter content, leaf tannin content and specific leaf area were the main factors affecting the k-rate variations. Therefore, we suggest that future studies should focus on the effects of the CWM traits of green leaves on litter decomposition at the community level.
{"title":"Leaf litter decomposition characteristics and controlling factors across two contrasting forest types","authors":"Yuanfeng Zhao, Zhuo-Ting Li, Ting Xu, A. Lou","doi":"10.1093/jpe/rtac073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtac073","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Plant leaf litter decomposition provides a source of energy and nutrients in forest ecosystems. In addition to traditional environmental factors, the degradation process of litter is also affected by plant functional traits and litter quality. However, at the community level, it is still unclear whether the relative importance of plant traits and litter quality on the litter decomposition rate is consistent. A year-long mixed leaf litter decomposition experiment in a similar environment was implemented by using the litterbag method in seven typical forest types in Dongling Mountain, Beijing, North China, including six monodominant communities dominated by Juglans mandshurica, Populus cathayana, Betula dahurica, B. platyphylla, Pinus tabuliformis and Larix gmelinii var. principis-rupprechtii and one codominant community dominated by Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Quercus mongolica and Tilia mongolica. The results showed that there were considerable differences in the litter decomposition rate (k-rate) among the different forest types. The community weighted mean (CWM) traits of green leaves and litter quality explained 35.60% and 9.05% of the k-rate variations, respectively, and the interpretation rate of their interaction was 23.37%, indicating that the CWM traits and their interaction with litter quality were the main factors affecting the k-rate variations. In the RDA, leaf nitrogen content, leaf dry matter content, leaf tannin content and specific leaf area were the main factors affecting the k-rate variations. Therefore, we suggest that future studies should focus on the effects of the CWM traits of green leaves on litter decomposition at the community level.","PeriodicalId":50085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48293042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Previous studies showed that moss stoichiometric characteristics were influenced by moss patch size, shrubs and the environment in the desert. The study of moss stoichiometry in different spatial distribution areas is crucial for an understanding of growth and adaptation strategy of the mosses. In this study, the dominant moss (Syntrichia caninervis Mitt.) of biological soil crusts, and soil under the moss patches in the Gurbantunggut Desert were selected to determine their stoichiometry in different dunes and sites. Moss stoichiometry and soil available nutrients were significantly influenced by different distribution areas except for moss C. The Naboveground vs. Nbelowground, Paboveground vs. Pbelowground, and Kaboveground vs. Kbelowground scaling exponents of moss were 0.251, 0.389, 0.442, respectively. The N vs. P scaling exponents were 0.71, 0.84 in above- and below-ground parts of moss. Moss stoichiometry was disproportionately distributed in the above-ground and below-ground parts. Moreover, moss N, P and K elements were influenced by mean annual precipitation (MAP), longitude and soil nutrients. The nutrients of moss were affected by spatial distribution, mean annual temperature (MAT), MAP and soil nutrients. The growth of moss was limited by N element in the temperate desert. This study provides the stoichiometric characteristics of C, N, P and K of moss at different spatial scales, and explores their relationships with environmental variables, which can help understand nutrient patterns and utilization strategy of N, P and K, and their potential responses to global climate changes in desert.
{"title":"Moss C, N, P and K stoichiometry and their relationships are related to soil nutrients and environment in a temperate desert of central Asia","authors":"Yonggang Li, Xiaobing Zhou, Yongxing Lu, Yuanming Zhang","doi":"10.1093/jpe/rtac070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtac070","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Previous studies showed that moss stoichiometric characteristics were influenced by moss patch size, shrubs and the environment in the desert. The study of moss stoichiometry in different spatial distribution areas is crucial for an understanding of growth and adaptation strategy of the mosses. In this study, the dominant moss (Syntrichia caninervis Mitt.) of biological soil crusts, and soil under the moss patches in the Gurbantunggut Desert were selected to determine their stoichiometry in different dunes and sites. Moss stoichiometry and soil available nutrients were significantly influenced by different distribution areas except for moss C. The Naboveground vs. Nbelowground, Paboveground vs. Pbelowground, and Kaboveground vs. Kbelowground scaling exponents of moss were 0.251, 0.389, 0.442, respectively. The N vs. P scaling exponents were 0.71, 0.84 in above- and below-ground parts of moss. Moss stoichiometry was disproportionately distributed in the above-ground and below-ground parts. Moreover, moss N, P and K elements were influenced by mean annual precipitation (MAP), longitude and soil nutrients. The nutrients of moss were affected by spatial distribution, mean annual temperature (MAT), MAP and soil nutrients. The growth of moss was limited by N element in the temperate desert. This study provides the stoichiometric characteristics of C, N, P and K of moss at different spatial scales, and explores their relationships with environmental variables, which can help understand nutrient patterns and utilization strategy of N, P and K, and their potential responses to global climate changes in desert.","PeriodicalId":50085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46645882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bayesian belief networks (BBN) have been increasingly used as a potential decision supporting tool useful in conservation management. We assessed the application of the BBN model to support management in conservation planning of Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill., the endangered plant species on a European scale, as an example. The Bayesian network approach was used to develop a model of the impact of biotic and abiotic variables on the morphological-developmental features and demographic features of the population in NE Poland. Field data collected from the total number of 47 sites in the 4 largest forest complexes were used to develop a model using GeNIe 2.0. The diagnostic testing and sensitivity analysis indicated that the greatest impact on the population features was the number of competing species in the forest undergrowth. Validation has shown that the developed model is effective for evaluation of the impact of habitat conditions on the population features deciding about the reproduction of this taxon. The BBN model was also used to define optimal habitat conditions ensuring regular growth and development of P. patens. Finally, we indicated the protective treatment to help preserving the species considered. Therefore, the developed model is recommended as a potential tool to support decision-making aimed at the conservation planning of endangered plant species.
{"title":"Bayesian belief networks - a potential tool for conservation planning of endangered plant species populations","authors":"A. Sienkiewicz, G. Łaska","doi":"10.1093/jpe/rtac071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtac071","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Bayesian belief networks (BBN) have been increasingly used as a potential decision supporting tool useful in conservation management. We assessed the application of the BBN model to support management in conservation planning of Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill., the endangered plant species on a European scale, as an example. The Bayesian network approach was used to develop a model of the impact of biotic and abiotic variables on the morphological-developmental features and demographic features of the population in NE Poland. Field data collected from the total number of 47 sites in the 4 largest forest complexes were used to develop a model using GeNIe 2.0. The diagnostic testing and sensitivity analysis indicated that the greatest impact on the population features was the number of competing species in the forest undergrowth. Validation has shown that the developed model is effective for evaluation of the impact of habitat conditions on the population features deciding about the reproduction of this taxon. The BBN model was also used to define optimal habitat conditions ensuring regular growth and development of P. patens. Finally, we indicated the protective treatment to help preserving the species considered. Therefore, the developed model is recommended as a potential tool to support decision-making aimed at the conservation planning of endangered plant species.","PeriodicalId":50085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43831532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Native herbivory may be detrimental to plant fitness and thus can contribute a biotic resistance to exotic plant invasion. Eupatorium adenophorum Sprengel, a non-native species, has formed dense monocultures in many southern Provinces of China. Because several native generalist insects feed on E. adenophorum, we evaluated whether the lower level of induced defences and greater compensatory growth contributed to successful invasion of E. adenophorum by comparison with a native congener E. heterophyllum. Early events in the jasmonic acid (JA) cascade and chlorophyll fluorescence, non-target metabolomic profiles, and recovery in biomass compensation of E. adenophorum and its native congener E. heterophyllum were measured during mechanical wounding and herbivory by the generalist insect Helicoverpa armigera. Mechanical and simulated chewing damage immediately initiated defences in the two species. However, E. heterophyllum was more sensitive to tissue loss, and it produced more metabolic defensive compounds than invasive E. adenophorum. Although H. armigera feeding amplified the effects of mechanical wounding on defence induction, the biomass of E. adenophorum was only weakly affected, as its higher compensatory growth could offset the biomass loss and metabolic cost. Overall, our results suggested that H. armigera herbivory and mechanical wounding could induce different physiological responses, and were often specific to invasive E. adenophorum and native E. heterophyllum. Moreover, lower metabolic defences and higher compensation growth may contribute to the invasion success of E. adenophorum.
{"title":"Low-level expression of induced defences and increased compensation in Eupatorium adenophorum relative to its native congeneric plant to mechanical wounding and insect herbivory","authors":"Rui-fang Wang, Z. Liao, Weitao Li, Chunyuan Zhang, Han-Bo Zhang, Yu-long Zheng","doi":"10.1093/jpe/rtac069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtac069","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Native herbivory may be detrimental to plant fitness and thus can contribute a biotic resistance to exotic plant invasion. Eupatorium adenophorum Sprengel, a non-native species, has formed dense monocultures in many southern Provinces of China. Because several native generalist insects feed on E. adenophorum, we evaluated whether the lower level of induced defences and greater compensatory growth contributed to successful invasion of E. adenophorum by comparison with a native congener E. heterophyllum. Early events in the jasmonic acid (JA) cascade and chlorophyll fluorescence, non-target metabolomic profiles, and recovery in biomass compensation of E. adenophorum and its native congener E. heterophyllum were measured during mechanical wounding and herbivory by the generalist insect Helicoverpa armigera. Mechanical and simulated chewing damage immediately initiated defences in the two species. However, E. heterophyllum was more sensitive to tissue loss, and it produced more metabolic defensive compounds than invasive E. adenophorum. Although H. armigera feeding amplified the effects of mechanical wounding on defence induction, the biomass of E. adenophorum was only weakly affected, as its higher compensatory growth could offset the biomass loss and metabolic cost. Overall, our results suggested that H. armigera herbivory and mechanical wounding could induce different physiological responses, and were often specific to invasive E. adenophorum and native E. heterophyllum. Moreover, lower metabolic defences and higher compensation growth may contribute to the invasion success of E. adenophorum.","PeriodicalId":50085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45993148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bowen Li, Jianping Sun, Shiping Wang, Wangwang Lv, Yang Zhou, Peipei Liu, Qi Wang, Wang A, Suren Zhang, Lu Xia, Huan Hong, Li-li Jiang, C. Luo, Zhenhua Zhang, S. Piao, Yanfen Wang, T. Dorji
There is a debate about unmatched results between manipulative warming using constant warming rates every year (CW) and long-term observations warming affect temperature sensitive of flowering phenology, and it is probable because that long-term observations could represent the actual yearly increase in temperature (i.e., a yearly stepwise warming rate per year, SW) which would differ from CW and their effects would be regulated by precipitation alteration. Here we conducted a warming experiment with CW (temperature increase by +1 ºC and sustained this elevated temperature for the duration of the study) and SW (temperature increase by + 0.25 ºC progressively each year) with precipitation addition in an alpine grassland for four years. Our results showed that neither warming rates affected community flowering phenology. However, precipitation addition advanced onsets of flowering for early-spring flowering (ESF) and mid-summer flowering (MSF) groups, and advanced the end date of flowering for ESF but delayed it for the MSF group. Thus, flowering duration remained stable for the ESF group and was prolonged for the MSF group, and further prolonged the flowering duration of the community. There were no interactions between warming rates and precipitation addition on the community flowering phenology. A severe drought in a year significantly decreased the maximum number of community flowers the following year. Therefore, change in precipitation has a greater effect than warming on the community flowering phenology in the semi-arid alpine grassland.
{"title":"Greater responses of flower phenology of Kobresia pygmaea community to precipitation addition than to constant and stepwise warming","authors":"Bowen Li, Jianping Sun, Shiping Wang, Wangwang Lv, Yang Zhou, Peipei Liu, Qi Wang, Wang A, Suren Zhang, Lu Xia, Huan Hong, Li-li Jiang, C. Luo, Zhenhua Zhang, S. Piao, Yanfen Wang, T. Dorji","doi":"10.1093/jpe/rtac066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtac066","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 There is a debate about unmatched results between manipulative warming using constant warming rates every year (CW) and long-term observations warming affect temperature sensitive of flowering phenology, and it is probable because that long-term observations could represent the actual yearly increase in temperature (i.e., a yearly stepwise warming rate per year, SW) which would differ from CW and their effects would be regulated by precipitation alteration. Here we conducted a warming experiment with CW (temperature increase by +1 ºC and sustained this elevated temperature for the duration of the study) and SW (temperature increase by + 0.25 ºC progressively each year) with precipitation addition in an alpine grassland for four years. Our results showed that neither warming rates affected community flowering phenology. However, precipitation addition advanced onsets of flowering for early-spring flowering (ESF) and mid-summer flowering (MSF) groups, and advanced the end date of flowering for ESF but delayed it for the MSF group. Thus, flowering duration remained stable for the ESF group and was prolonged for the MSF group, and further prolonged the flowering duration of the community. There were no interactions between warming rates and precipitation addition on the community flowering phenology. A severe drought in a year significantly decreased the maximum number of community flowers the following year. Therefore, change in precipitation has a greater effect than warming on the community flowering phenology in the semi-arid alpine grassland.","PeriodicalId":50085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43945361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The four alien farmland weeds of genus Veronica (i.e., V. arvensis, V. didyma, V. hederifolia, and V. persica) have successfully colonized in China, but caused different ecological consequences in the colonized habitats. However, the key biological traits conferring to bio-invasion differences under different light conditions among the four alien species of Veronica remain unknown. A comprehensive contrastive analysis experiment was conducted to assess the contribution intensity of photosynthetic and sexual and asexual reproductive traits of the four alien Veronica weeds to their invasion level in both field trial and laboratory. The field survey results showed that V. persica had the highest invasion level, V. didyma, V. hederifolia and V. arvensis in turn. Their invasiveness were mainly attributed to photosynthetic-related parameters (LMA) and asexual reproduction traits (the ratio of adventitious root) out of all the 22 tested indexes. The photosynthetic-related and some asexual reproduction indexes from separated determinations under both sun and shade conditions showed that V. persica was able to adapt strong illumination but more tolerant to the shade than the other species. This adaptive differentiation to illumination conferred the four alien Veronica weeds to different competitiveness to crops through allocating resource to the biomass of each organ in farmland. It may conclude that the adaptability to illumination conditions and the asexual reproduction traits may endow their successful invasion and become different important farmland weeds.
{"title":"A comparative study reveals the key biological traits causing bioinvasion difference among four alien species of genus Veronica in China","authors":"Yujing Liu, Hairong Wu, Cong-yan Wang, Jiliang Cheng, Shengze Qiang","doi":"10.1093/jpe/rtac068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtac068","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The four alien farmland weeds of genus Veronica (i.e., V. arvensis, V. didyma, V. hederifolia, and V. persica) have successfully colonized in China, but caused different ecological consequences in the colonized habitats. However, the key biological traits conferring to bio-invasion differences under different light conditions among the four alien species of Veronica remain unknown. A comprehensive contrastive analysis experiment was conducted to assess the contribution intensity of photosynthetic and sexual and asexual reproductive traits of the four alien Veronica weeds to their invasion level in both field trial and laboratory. The field survey results showed that V. persica had the highest invasion level, V. didyma, V. hederifolia and V. arvensis in turn. Their invasiveness were mainly attributed to photosynthetic-related parameters (LMA) and asexual reproduction traits (the ratio of adventitious root) out of all the 22 tested indexes. The photosynthetic-related and some asexual reproduction indexes from separated determinations under both sun and shade conditions showed that V. persica was able to adapt strong illumination but more tolerant to the shade than the other species. This adaptive differentiation to illumination conferred the four alien Veronica weeds to different competitiveness to crops through allocating resource to the biomass of each organ in farmland. It may conclude that the adaptability to illumination conditions and the asexual reproduction traits may endow their successful invasion and become different important farmland weeds.","PeriodicalId":50085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46636686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seed dormancy ensures seedling will establish in the favorable season in a seasonally changing environment. Korean pine seeds have morphophysiological dormancy after dispersal in autumn. A small fraction of seeds germinates in the first spring, but most seeds germinate in the second spring following dispersal. It is not clear how dormancy status changes and thus drives germination characteristic. Fresh Korean pine seeds were buried between litterfall and soil in Fenglin National Nature Reserves, Heilongjiang province, Northeastern China, in middle October 2018 and regularly exhumed. Field germination percentage, embryo growth, seed viability and laboratory germination percentage of exhumed seeds were determined. The physiological dormancy part of morphophysiological dormancy was gradually released during the first winter, but re-induced in the first summer following dispersal. The re-induced physiological dormancy was broken again in the second autumn and winter. The morphological dormancy part of morphophysiological dormancy was slowly released over the first summer but rapidly broken during the second early and middle autumn. In the second spring, Korean pine seeds completely escaped from morphophysiological dormancy. The physiological dormancy part of morphophysiological dormancy was completely released, but the morphological dormancy part was still maintained, leading to very low germination in the first spring in the field. Relief of morphophysiological dormancy enables a high percentage of seeds to germinate at relatively low temperature (alternating day/night temperature above 10/5°C) in the second spring. Korean pine provides an example of the change in dormancy status of seeds with morphophysiological dormancy.
{"title":"Change in seed dormancy status controls seasonal timing of seed germination in Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc","authors":"Yuan Song, M. Zhang, Yun Guo, Xiaoye Gao","doi":"10.1093/jpe/rtac067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtac067","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Seed dormancy ensures seedling will establish in the favorable season in a seasonally changing environment. Korean pine seeds have morphophysiological dormancy after dispersal in autumn. A small fraction of seeds germinates in the first spring, but most seeds germinate in the second spring following dispersal. It is not clear how dormancy status changes and thus drives germination characteristic. Fresh Korean pine seeds were buried between litterfall and soil in Fenglin National Nature Reserves, Heilongjiang province, Northeastern China, in middle October 2018 and regularly exhumed. Field germination percentage, embryo growth, seed viability and laboratory germination percentage of exhumed seeds were determined. The physiological dormancy part of morphophysiological dormancy was gradually released during the first winter, but re-induced in the first summer following dispersal. The re-induced physiological dormancy was broken again in the second autumn and winter. The morphological dormancy part of morphophysiological dormancy was slowly released over the first summer but rapidly broken during the second early and middle autumn. In the second spring, Korean pine seeds completely escaped from morphophysiological dormancy. The physiological dormancy part of morphophysiological dormancy was completely released, but the morphological dormancy part was still maintained, leading to very low germination in the first spring in the field. Relief of morphophysiological dormancy enables a high percentage of seeds to germinate at relatively low temperature (alternating day/night temperature above 10/5°C) in the second spring. Korean pine provides an example of the change in dormancy status of seeds with morphophysiological dormancy.","PeriodicalId":50085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45221349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ecosystem apparent quantum yield (α), maximum rate of gross CO2 assimilation (Pmax), and daytime ecosystem respiration rate (Rd) reflecting the physiological functioning of ecosystem, are vital photosynthetic parameters for the estimation of ecosystem carbon budget. Climatic drivers may affect photosynthetic parameters both directly and indirectly by altering the response of vegetation. However, the relative contribution and regulation pathway of environmental and physiological controls remain unclear, especially in semi-arid grasslands. We analyzed seasonal and interannual variations of photosynthetic parameters derived from eddy-covariance observation in a typical semi-arid grassland in Inner Mongolia, northern China, over 12 years from 2006 to 2017. Regression analyses and a structural equation model (SEM) were adopted to separate the contributions of environmental and physiological effects. The photosynthetic parameters showed unimodal seasonal patterns and significantly interannual variations. Variations of air temperature (Ta) and soil water content (SWC) drove the seasonal patterns of photosynthetic parameters, while SWC predominated their interannual variations. Moreover, contrasting with the predominant role of Ta on α and Rd, SWC explained more variances of Pmax than Ta. Results of SEM elucidated that environmental factors impacted photosynthetic parameters both directly and indirectly through regulating physiological responses reflected by stomatal conductance at the canopy level. Moreover, leaf area index (LAI) directly affected α, Pmax and Rd and dominated the variation of Pmax. On the other hand, SWC influenced photosynthetic parameters indirectly through LAI and canopy surface conductance (gc). Our finding highlights the importance of physiological regulation on the photosynthetic parameters and carbon assimilation capacity, especially in water-limited grassland ecosystems.
{"title":"Seasonal and interannual variations of ecosystem photosynthetic characteristics in a semi-arid grassland of Northern China","authors":"Cuihai You, Yanbing Wang, Xingru Tan, Bingwei Zhang, Tingting Ren, Boyu Chen, Mengzhen Xu, Shiping Chen","doi":"10.1093/jpe/rtac065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtac065","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The ecosystem apparent quantum yield (α), maximum rate of gross CO2 assimilation (Pmax), and daytime ecosystem respiration rate (Rd) reflecting the physiological functioning of ecosystem, are vital photosynthetic parameters for the estimation of ecosystem carbon budget. Climatic drivers may affect photosynthetic parameters both directly and indirectly by altering the response of vegetation. However, the relative contribution and regulation pathway of environmental and physiological controls remain unclear, especially in semi-arid grasslands. We analyzed seasonal and interannual variations of photosynthetic parameters derived from eddy-covariance observation in a typical semi-arid grassland in Inner Mongolia, northern China, over 12 years from 2006 to 2017. Regression analyses and a structural equation model (SEM) were adopted to separate the contributions of environmental and physiological effects. The photosynthetic parameters showed unimodal seasonal patterns and significantly interannual variations. Variations of air temperature (Ta) and soil water content (SWC) drove the seasonal patterns of photosynthetic parameters, while SWC predominated their interannual variations. Moreover, contrasting with the predominant role of Ta on α and Rd, SWC explained more variances of Pmax than Ta. Results of SEM elucidated that environmental factors impacted photosynthetic parameters both directly and indirectly through regulating physiological responses reflected by stomatal conductance at the canopy level. Moreover, leaf area index (LAI) directly affected α, Pmax and Rd and dominated the variation of Pmax. On the other hand, SWC influenced photosynthetic parameters indirectly through LAI and canopy surface conductance (gc). Our finding highlights the importance of physiological regulation on the photosynthetic parameters and carbon assimilation capacity, especially in water-limited grassland ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":50085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41893675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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