Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.109-118
I Nyoman Mandia, I Nyoman Sukra, Putu Dyah Hudiananingsih
The research entitled Language Errors in Lecturer Presentations at the Bali State Polytechnic aims to determine the level of speech language used in lecturer meetings at the Bali State Polytechnic. This is important because there is a tendency for the pronunciation of words, terms and sentences to be less in accordance with the applicable rules, such as the mention of words, terms and sentences which tend to violate the applicable rules. This study used the observation method, while the technique used was recording and note taking. The target of this research is that the lecturers are proud to use good and correct Indonesian, which in the end the lecturers are able to use spoken Indonesian in meetings or other language activities among fellow lecturers. The results of this study indicate that the use of standard words, pronunciation, and word choice are almost in accordance with the applicable rules. This can be seen in the word choice presentation situation with a score of 88.36 classified as an A. In terms of terms, there is a tendency to use foreign and regional terms which are very proud, namely with a score of 95.48. This value is also classified as very good, with a very satisfactory predicate. In contrast, the use of effective sentences in presentations is not satisfactory. This can be seen from the value of the order of the sentence, which only gets a score of 63.95, which is classified as not good. Thus, the average value in the order of words, terms, and sentences is 82.60. It can be said that the use of the Balinese State Polytechnic lecturer's speech in the presentation is very good.
{"title":"Kesalahan Berbahasa Dalam Presentansi Dosen Politeknik Negeri Bali","authors":"I Nyoman Mandia, I Nyoman Sukra, Putu Dyah Hudiananingsih","doi":"10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.109-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.109-118","url":null,"abstract":"The research entitled Language Errors in Lecturer Presentations at the Bali State Polytechnic aims to determine the level of speech language used in lecturer meetings at the Bali State Polytechnic. This is important because there is a tendency for the pronunciation of words, terms and sentences to be less in accordance with the applicable rules, such as the mention of words, terms and sentences which tend to violate the applicable rules. This study used the observation method, while the technique used was recording and note taking. The target of this research is that the lecturers are proud to use good and correct Indonesian, which in the end the lecturers are able to use spoken Indonesian in meetings or other language activities among fellow lecturers. The results of this study indicate that the use of standard words, pronunciation, and word choice are almost in accordance with the applicable rules. This can be seen in the word choice presentation situation with a score of 88.36 classified as an A. In terms of terms, there is a tendency to use foreign and regional terms which are very proud, namely with a score of 95.48. This value is also classified as very good, with a very satisfactory predicate. In contrast, the use of effective sentences in presentations is not satisfactory. This can be seen from the value of the order of the sentence, which only gets a score of 63.95, which is classified as not good. Thus, the average value in the order of words, terms, and sentences is 82.60. It can be said that the use of the Balinese State Polytechnic lecturer's speech in the presentation is very good.","PeriodicalId":500875,"journal":{"name":"Prosiding Seminar Nasional Riset Bahasa dan Pengajaran Bahasa","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136378835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.92-100
I Wayan Eka Dian Rahmanu, I Nyoman Rajin Aryana, Ida Bagus Artha Adnyana
Employing suitable English learning media have the potential to underpin students’ language acquisition. The use of internet technology assists students to boost their English language skills. Selecting suitable English language topics to the E-learning platform promote to the learners’ eagerness to study in the classroom. This study investigated the suitable topics used for English for Tourism and Hospitality (ETH) in vocational higher education. The research used descriptive qualitative research which explored the topics use to teach (ETH) in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom. Several obvious lessons were immerged to the E-learning system, for example, taking a reservation by phone, welcoming a guest, room service: taking an order, taking massages for a guest.
{"title":"Exploring English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Learning Media in Vocational Higher Education","authors":"I Wayan Eka Dian Rahmanu, I Nyoman Rajin Aryana, Ida Bagus Artha Adnyana","doi":"10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.92-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.92-100","url":null,"abstract":"Employing suitable English learning media have the potential to underpin students’ language acquisition. The use of internet technology assists students to boost their English language skills. Selecting suitable English language topics to the E-learning platform promote to the learners’ eagerness to study in the classroom. This study investigated the suitable topics used for English for Tourism and Hospitality (ETH) in vocational higher education. The research used descriptive qualitative research which explored the topics use to teach (ETH) in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom. Several obvious lessons were immerged to the E-learning system, for example, taking a reservation by phone, welcoming a guest, room service: taking an order, taking massages for a guest.","PeriodicalId":500875,"journal":{"name":"Prosiding Seminar Nasional Riset Bahasa dan Pengajaran Bahasa","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136378978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.63-74
I Gusti Ayu Vina Widiadnya Putri
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis cognate object dalam kalimat dengan data bahasa Bali. Konstruksi objek serumpun cognate object adalah konstruksi yang berhubungan secara fonologis, morfologis, dan semantik dengan verba. Struktur bahasa Bali menyerupai struktur bahasa Indonesia yang memiliki SPOK. Berdasarkan struktur kalimat yang menyusunnya, cognate object juga ditemukan dalam bahasa Bali yang menarik untuk dianalisis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh fakta dan informasi tentang cognate object yang ditemukan pada data bahasa Bali. Data diambil dari kata-kata yang digunakan dalam bahasa Bali. Metode pengumpulan data adalah dengan metode simak dan teknik catat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data maka ditemukan bahwa, cognate object yang ditemukan pada bahasa Bali adalah frasa nomina dengan modifikasi kata sifat. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa cognate object dalam kalimat dibentuk dari kata kerja dengan imbuhan /ma-/ dan /n-/ dengan alomorf /ng-/. Pada beberapa data, cognate object adalah kata dasar pada verbanya yang secara morfologis dan semantis keduanya serumpun.
{"title":"Bentuk Cognate Objek Bahasa Bali","authors":"I Gusti Ayu Vina Widiadnya Putri","doi":"10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.63-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.63-74","url":null,"abstract":"Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis cognate object dalam kalimat dengan data bahasa Bali. Konstruksi objek serumpun cognate object adalah konstruksi yang berhubungan secara fonologis, morfologis, dan semantik dengan verba. Struktur bahasa Bali menyerupai struktur bahasa Indonesia yang memiliki SPOK. Berdasarkan struktur kalimat yang menyusunnya, cognate object juga ditemukan dalam bahasa Bali yang menarik untuk dianalisis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh fakta dan informasi tentang cognate object yang ditemukan pada data bahasa Bali. Data diambil dari kata-kata yang digunakan dalam bahasa Bali. Metode pengumpulan data adalah dengan metode simak dan teknik catat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data maka ditemukan bahwa, cognate object yang ditemukan pada bahasa Bali adalah frasa nomina dengan modifikasi kata sifat. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa cognate object dalam kalimat dibentuk dari kata kerja dengan imbuhan /ma-/ dan /n-/ dengan alomorf /ng-/. Pada beberapa data, cognate object adalah kata dasar pada verbanya yang secara morfologis dan semantis keduanya serumpun.","PeriodicalId":500875,"journal":{"name":"Prosiding Seminar Nasional Riset Bahasa dan Pengajaran Bahasa","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136378833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.166-179
Multazam Abubakar, Ahmad Rivaldy, Abdul Muis Said
This study aims at investigating factors affect students’ difficulties in speaking English at the eight-grade of UPT SMPN Ujung Jampea No 9 Kepulauan Selayar, South Sulawesi. The research design was survey which is classifies as quantitative. The population of this study were two classes consisting of 40 students and the researcher used total sampling technique. The instrument was a close-ended questionnaire which consists of 24 items. The data were analyzed using a percentage formula. The findings revel that there are two factors influenced students' speaking problems at UPT SMPN Ujung Jampea No 9 Selayar Islands, they are internal factors and external factors. Internal factors include shyness, lack of confidence, anxiety, and fear of making mistakes; while external factors comprise mother tongue use, learning media use, lack of parents' attention, and teacher support. The most influential factor is mother tongue use as the students feel more comfortable and can easily understand the material. The implication of this research is to provide insight for schools and teachers to overcome the difficulties faced by students in speaking English in remote area.
本研究旨在调查南苏拉威西Ujung Jampea No 9 Kepulauan Selayar UPT SMPN八年级学生英语口语困难的影响因素。研究设计采用定量调查法。本研究的总体为两个班，共40名学生，研究者采用全抽样技术。该工具为封闭式问卷，包含24个项目。数据是用百分比公式分析的。研究结果表明，影响西拉亚尔群岛Ujung Jampea第9中学学生言语问题的因素有两个，即内部因素和外部因素。内在因素包括害羞、缺乏自信、焦虑和害怕犯错;而外部因素包括母语的使用、学习媒体的使用、缺乏父母的关注和老师的支持。影响最大的因素是母语的使用，因为学生感觉更舒服，更容易理解材料。本研究的意义在于为学校和教师解决偏远地区学生英语口语困难提供参考。
{"title":"Factors Affecting Students’ Difficulties In Speaking English In Indonesia’s Remote Area","authors":"Multazam Abubakar, Ahmad Rivaldy, Abdul Muis Said","doi":"10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.166-179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.166-179","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at investigating factors affect students’ difficulties in speaking English at the eight-grade of UPT SMPN Ujung Jampea No 9 Kepulauan Selayar, South Sulawesi. The research design was survey which is classifies as quantitative. The population of this study were two classes consisting of 40 students and the researcher used total sampling technique. The instrument was a close-ended questionnaire which consists of 24 items. The data were analyzed using a percentage formula. The findings revel that there are two factors influenced students' speaking problems at UPT SMPN Ujung Jampea No 9 Selayar Islands, they are internal factors and external factors. Internal factors include shyness, lack of confidence, anxiety, and fear of making mistakes; while external factors comprise mother tongue use, learning media use, lack of parents' attention, and teacher support. The most influential factor is mother tongue use as the students feel more comfortable and can easily understand the material. The implication of this research is to provide insight for schools and teachers to overcome the difficulties faced by students in speaking English in remote area.","PeriodicalId":500875,"journal":{"name":"Prosiding Seminar Nasional Riset Bahasa dan Pengajaran Bahasa","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136378842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.138-156
Putu Wahyu Widiatmika, I Made Suastra, Ni Luh Nyoman Seri Malini
This study is aimed to identify and analyze Balinese diglossia from the perspective of linguistic landscape. Several public signs in Bali use Balinese language. The Balinese language used is varied. There are signs that use Balinese alus variation, while others use Balinese andap. The use of the two variations resembles the culture of Balinese people. Therefore, this study is also intended to provide a new way to view Balinese culture from seeing the Balinese language through non-interactive public signs because there are patterns on each variation used. Furthermore, the use of Balinese variations on signs can be a measurement to acknowledge its vitality; thus, this study is also aimed to measure Balinese language vitality in general and the vitality of its variations. The data of this study were 12 signs collected from banners, billboards, and information signs found in Bali through observation and documentation method. The data were analyzed by using referential identity method with a descriptive-qualitative approach. This study combined the theories of diglossia, context of situation, function of linguistic landscape, Balinese speech levels, and UNESCO vitality level. The result shows that Balinese language signs in public space are able to characterize the diglossia situation of the Balinese people by indicating four features, namely sign makers, participants receiving messages, caste and social status, and domains. The diglossic situation of the Balinese language is indicated by the variation of the Balinese alus, which is the high variety, and the Balinese andap, which is the low variety. The level of language vitality of Balinese high and low is 4, whereas in general is 5.
本研究旨在从语言景观的角度来识别和分析巴厘语的话语。巴厘岛的一些公共标志使用巴厘语。使用的巴厘语多种多样。有迹象表明，使用巴厘alus变异，而其他人使用巴厘和ap。这两种变体的使用与巴厘岛人的文化相似。因此，本研究亦旨在提供一种新的方式，透过非互动的公共标志，从巴厘语的角度来看待巴厘文化，因为每一种使用的变体都有模式。此外，在标志上使用巴厘变体可以作为承认其生命力的衡量标准;因此，本研究也旨在衡量巴厘岛语的整体活力及其变体的活力。本研究的数据是通过观察和文献法从巴厘岛的横幅、广告牌和信息标志中收集的12个标志。采用描述定性方法对数据进行了定性分析。本研究结合diglosia理论、情境脉络(context of situation)理论、语言景观功能(function of linguistic landscape)理论、巴厘语言语层级(speech levels)理论与UNESCO活力层级(UNESCO vitality level)理论。研究结果显示，公共空间中的巴厘语标识能够通过标识制作者、接收信息的参与者、种姓和社会地位、领域四个特征来表征巴厘人的日常生活状况。巴厘语的对话情况是由巴厘语同族(Balinese alus)和巴厘语和阿普语(Balinese andap)的变化所表明的，巴厘语同族是高级变体，巴厘语和阿普语是低级变体。巴厘语高、低的语言活力等级为4级，而一般为5级。
{"title":"Balinese Diglossia Shown by Public Signs as Language Vitality Symbol from Linguistic Landscape Perspective","authors":"Putu Wahyu Widiatmika, I Made Suastra, Ni Luh Nyoman Seri Malini","doi":"10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.138-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.138-156","url":null,"abstract":"This study is aimed to identify and analyze Balinese diglossia from the perspective of linguistic landscape. Several public signs in Bali use Balinese language. The Balinese language used is varied. There are signs that use Balinese alus variation, while others use Balinese andap. The use of the two variations resembles the culture of Balinese people. Therefore, this study is also intended to provide a new way to view Balinese culture from seeing the Balinese language through non-interactive public signs because there are patterns on each variation used. Furthermore, the use of Balinese variations on signs can be a measurement to acknowledge its vitality; thus, this study is also aimed to measure Balinese language vitality in general and the vitality of its variations. The data of this study were 12 signs collected from banners, billboards, and information signs found in Bali through observation and documentation method. The data were analyzed by using referential identity method with a descriptive-qualitative approach. This study combined the theories of diglossia, context of situation, function of linguistic landscape, Balinese speech levels, and UNESCO vitality level. The result shows that Balinese language signs in public space are able to characterize the diglossia situation of the Balinese people by indicating four features, namely sign makers, participants receiving messages, caste and social status, and domains. The diglossic situation of the Balinese language is indicated by the variation of the Balinese alus, which is the high variety, and the Balinese andap, which is the low variety. The level of language vitality of Balinese high and low is 4, whereas in general is 5.","PeriodicalId":500875,"journal":{"name":"Prosiding Seminar Nasional Riset Bahasa dan Pengajaran Bahasa","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136378836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.86-91
Ni Nyoman Yunike Kurniarini
Penelitian ini berfokus pada dalam pengembangan materi pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di bidang pariwisata berbasis ASEAN Toolboxes. Tujuannya untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data untuk mengembangkan materi belajar mandiri Bahasa Inggris untuk mahasiswa pariwisata sebagai cara untuk menanggapi kebijakan tentang standar kompetensi pengajaran Bahasa Inggris yang diakui bersama dan disepakati oleh Kementerian Pariwisata di antara negara-negara anggota ASEAN. Data untuk penelitian ini adalah dikumpulkan dalam bentuk dokumen (ASEAN Toolboxes, silabus bahasa Inggris, dan rencana pelajaran) dan wawancara dengan siswa tentang kebutuhan belajar dan dengan guru tentang metodologi pengajaran. Produk analisis data adalah materi belajar mandiri. Wawancara dengan siswa membuktikan bahwa materi sangat penting untuk pengembangan diri siswa. Wawancara dengan para guru mendesak perlunya lebih banyak materi untuk siswa. Secara umum, materi pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris yang diterapkan cukup memberikan kompetensi yang diharapkan diwakili dalam ASEAN Toolbox, tetapi perlu studi lebih lanjut.
{"title":"Analisis Kebutuhan Materi Ajar Bahasa Inggris Mandiri Untuk Mahasiswa Pariwisata Berdasarkan Asean Toolboxes","authors":"Ni Nyoman Yunike Kurniarini","doi":"10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.86-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.86-91","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian ini berfokus pada dalam pengembangan materi pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di bidang pariwisata berbasis ASEAN Toolboxes. Tujuannya untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data untuk mengembangkan materi belajar mandiri Bahasa Inggris untuk mahasiswa pariwisata sebagai cara untuk menanggapi kebijakan tentang standar kompetensi pengajaran Bahasa Inggris yang diakui bersama dan disepakati oleh Kementerian Pariwisata di antara negara-negara anggota ASEAN. Data untuk penelitian ini adalah dikumpulkan dalam bentuk dokumen (ASEAN Toolboxes, silabus bahasa Inggris, dan rencana pelajaran) dan wawancara dengan siswa tentang kebutuhan belajar dan dengan guru tentang metodologi pengajaran. Produk analisis data adalah materi belajar mandiri. Wawancara dengan siswa membuktikan bahwa materi sangat penting untuk pengembangan diri siswa. Wawancara dengan para guru mendesak perlunya lebih banyak materi untuk siswa. Secara umum, materi pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris yang diterapkan cukup memberikan kompetensi yang diharapkan diwakili dalam ASEAN Toolbox, tetapi perlu studi lebih lanjut.","PeriodicalId":500875,"journal":{"name":"Prosiding Seminar Nasional Riset Bahasa dan Pengajaran Bahasa","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136379270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.128-137
I Gusti Putu Sutarma, I Wayan Jendra, Ni Wayan Sadiyani
The purpose of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of Indonesian sentences in scientific writing. This research is a descriptive-qualitative study with primary data obtained directly from the data source in the form of scientific writing (thesis) by Politeknik Negeri Bali students and lecturer. Data was collected by observing method assisted by note-taking techniques. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method based on an inductive paradigm, namely from special to general paradigm. Research results are presented with formal and informal methods. This research is based on General Linguistics Theory with the basic concept of effective sentences. The results of the research show that students and lecturer who compose their scientific writing pay little attention to the effectiveness of sentences. This is proven by the number of ineffective sentences found in scientific writing. The ineffectiveness of the sentences is caused by inappropriateness, incongruity, inaccuracy, inefficiency, and illogicality. This is because the students and lecturer who write the scientific writing are not careful in choosing and using vocabulary.
本研究的目的是分析印尼语句子在科技写作中的有效性。本研究是一项描述性定性研究，主要数据直接从数据源中获得，由Politeknik Negeri Bali的学生和讲师以科学写作(论文)的形式获得。资料收集采用观察法，辅以笔记技术。此外，采用基于归纳范式的定性描述方法对数据进行分析，即从特殊范式到一般范式。研究结果分为正式方法和非正式方法。本研究以一般语言学理论为基础，以有效句为基本概念。研究结果表明，撰写科技写作的学生和讲师很少关注句子的有效性。科学写作中无效句子的数量证明了这一点。句子的无效是由不恰当、不协调、不准确、效率低下和不合逻辑造成的。这是因为撰写科学写作的学生和讲师在选择和使用词汇时不小心。
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Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.31940/senarilip.v5i1.13-22
Anak Agung Putu Arsana, Anak Agung Putri Maharani, I Kadek Joni Arta, Ayu Diah Adnya Nirmala, Rahma Syahlani
This qualitative descriptive study aims to assess the alignment between the cognitive domain of Revised Bloom's Taxonomy and the worksheets in the English textbook “English for Nusantara” published by Pusat Perbukuan used for the 7th grade of SMP students. The research focuses on analyzing 177 activities within the textbook, categorizing them based on their cognitive domain using a data analysis table. The results indicate that the activities are distributed as follows: 114 (64.4%) in the remembering category, 12 (6.8%) in understanding, 6 (3.4%) in applying, 16 (9.0%) in analyzing, 5 (2.8%) in evaluating, and 24 (13.6%) in creating. Among these activities, 45 (25.4%) fall under the higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) category, while 132 (74.6%) are classified as lower-order thinking skills (LOTS). The dominant activity type observed is remembering, which represents the lowest cognitive level in Revised Bloom's Taxonomy. Additionally, the distribution of LOTS and HOTS activities varies significantly across different chapters. These findings suggest that relying solely on the English textbook may not be sufficient for developing students' higher-order thinking skills (HOTS).
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