Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra最新文献

Background: Evidence indicates that transgender adolescents are at heightened risk of experiencing violence during their school years. This study aims to explore victimization experiences from the perspective of transgender students and their mothers.

Methods: A qualitative phenomenological approach was used, employing in-depth interviews to examine experiences of school victimization among transgender youth and their mothers. Participants were recruited until data saturation was reached (n=10). Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed using thematic content analysis in parallel with ongoing data collection.

Results: Transgender children and adolescents, along with their mothers, described various victimization forms in school settings, including physical and verbal abuse, and cyberbullying. These experiences were associated with significant biopsychosocial consequences, such social withdrawal, violent behaviour, depression, and suicidal ideation.

Conclusions: The findings in this study highlight the urgent need to understand and address the diverse forms of victimization faced by transgender students. The study underscores the importance of implementing comprehensive anti-bullying strategies, including awareness campaigns, peer support systems, targeted protocols, and specialized training for school personnel.

Background: This study aimed to develop and validate a self-administered questionnaire to comprehensively assess knowledge, attitudes, and healthcare approaches to female genital mutilation among nursing students.

Methodology: A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted with third-year nursing students at the Faculty of Nursing, University of Murcia (Cartagena campus, Spain), using convenience sampling. The questionnaire was developed based on an extensive literature review of existing instruments assessing knowledge, attitudes, and healthcare practices related to female genital mutilation. An expert panel individually reviewed the content, and through consensus discussions with the authors, determined which items to include. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (a).

Results: Thirty-seven students participated in the study, 89.2% of whom were females, with ages ranging from 20 to 56 years. About 27% reported no prior professional healthcare experience. The questionnaire comprised 15 single- and multiple-choice questions organized into three dimensions: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Health Approach to female genital mutilation. The overall internal consistency was good with a global a=0.838 (95% CI: 31.00-35.59).

Conclusions: Preliminary findings suggest that this questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for assessing nursing student´s knowledge of female genital mutilation, their attitudes towards it, and knowledge about its clinical approach.

Intrathoracic goiters can be classified as primary or secondary. Primary intrathoracic goiters are characterized by the absence of any anatomical connection with the cervical thyroid gland, in contrast to secondary intrathoracic goiters. A rare variant, termed mixed or combined intrathoracic goiter, involves the synchronous presence of both primary and secondary components within the thoracic cavity. Given the rarity and the diagnostic challenges associated with these conditions, we report the case of a patient who presented with a multinodular goiter and a separate right paratracheal mediastinal mass. The latter was identified as ectopic thyroid tissue, consistent with a primary intrathoracic goiter. We describe the diagnostic approach used to differentiate the mediastinal mass from other thoracic pathologies, as well as the successful surgical management performed via a minimally invasive technique and facilitated a rapid and uneventful postoperative recovery.

Background: This study aimed to assess the intention to leave the current job or the nursing profession among nurses in the Foral Community of Navarre (Spain) during the sixth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (October 2021-March 2022). The research also evaluated associations between this intention and nurses´ mental health status and sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study that included nurses who worked in healthcare institutions in Navarre during the COVID-19 pandemic. A questionnaire was designed using validated scales to assess depression, anxiety, insomnia, post-traumatic stress, and the intention to leave the job or profession. The questionnaire was distributed via e-mail to all registered nurses, and data collection concluded upon reaching the required sample size.

Results: Of the 693 nurses who participated, 691 completed the questionnaire in full. Overall, 43% of respondents reported an intention to leave the nursing profession, and of these, 52% also considered leaving the current job. Nurses experiencing higher levels of anxiety and post-traumatic stress, as well as those with fewer years of professional experience, were significantly more likely to report an intention to leave.

Conclusions: A substantial proportion of nurses in Navarre considered leaving the profession during the sixth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, with mental health -particularly anxiety and post-traumatic stress - and limited professional experience being the key contributing factors. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to support nurses´ mental health, improve working conditions, and mitigate job abandonment during and after public health emergencies.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment represents a transitional stage between healthy aging and dementia, with subjective cognitive impairment being a key predictor of progression to dementia. This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effectiveness of a personalized computerized cognitive stimulation program with that of stimulating leisure activities in younger and older adults with mild or subjective cognitive impairment.

Methods: Participants aged = 50 with mild cognitive impairment, subjective cognitive impairment, or scores between 24 and 31 on the Spanish Mini-Mental State Examination were recruited. Exclusion criteria comprised living in residential care, use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, sensory impairments, agitation, or having received cognitive stimulation in the past 12 months. Fifty-nine community-dwelling individuals in Zaragoza, Spain, were randomly assigned to two interventions group or a control group. The first intervention group will receive personalized computerized cognitive stimulation for 30 minutes per day, five days per week, while the second intervention group will participate in two to five stimulating leisure activities. The intervention will last eight weeks. The control group will receive the usual care for the same duration. The primary outcome is the assessment of global cognition; secondary outcomes include memory, verbal fluency, activities of daily living, and mood.

Background: The study aims to assess the prevalence of obesity among preschool children in Suzhou, China, and analyze potential risk factors to the condition.

Methods: The study included preschool children aged 3-6 from various kindergartens in Suzhou. Height and weight measurements were used to determine obesity status, while parents completed questionnaires on relevant information. The Chi-square test was applied to compare obesity rates across groups, and stepwise logistic regression analysis identified associated risk factors for obesity.

Results: Eight hundred and forty-eight preschoolers participated. The overall obesity prevalence was 14.0%, with 4.0% categorized as moderately obese (and 7.5% as mildly obese. Boys had a higher obesity prevalence than girls (15.3% vs. 12.7%), and rural children higher than urban children (17.2% vs. 13.1%), although these differences were not statistically significant. Obesity was most prevalent among 3-year-olds (16.1%) and least prevalent among 6-year-olds (11.2%). Logistic regression identified age (boys: OR=0.30; 95%CI: 0.19-0.38, girls: OR=0.24; 95%CI: 0.17-0.36), height (boys: OR=1.21; 95%CI: 1.16-1.26, girls: OR=1.25; 95%CI: 1.18-1.38), and urban location (boys: OR=0.60; 95%CI: 0.34-0.86, girls: OR=0.48; 95%CI: 0.31-0.84) as significant independent predictors for obesity in preschool children in Suzhou, China.

Conclusions: The obesity rate among preschool children in Suzhou is 14.0%. The study highlights lower age, higher height, and rural location as important factors influencing obesity in both sex.

Background: To determine the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV infection among individuals presenting to a hospital emergency department with specific clinical conditions, and to describe the characteristics of those diagnosed with HIV.

Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the emergency department of the University Hospital of Navarra (Pamplona, Spain) over the first 18 months following the implementation of an early HIV diagnosis program. Adults presenting with herpes zoster, sexually transmitted infections, mononucleosis-like syndrome, community-acquired pneumonia, post-exposure prophylaxis, or chemsex were included. Non-urgent HIV serology tests were requested. In the event of a positive result, patients were informed and referred for consultation to initiate treatment.

Results: Two hundred and fifty-two patients were included (mean age: 37.15 years; 63% male); of these, 37% presented with community-acquired pneumonia, 25% with sexually transmitted infections, and 27% had previous HIV serology. Nine individuals (3.6%) tested positive: six were aged 35 to 55, seven were male, with CD4 counts <500 cells/µL and viral loads <3,400 copies/mL. All accepted antiretroviral treatment and were seen in consultation within =6 days.

Conclusions: The early HIV diagnosis program in our emergency department proved effective in identifying HIV infection, particularly among individuals with limited interaction with the healthcare system. These findings support the protocol's utility, its performance, and potential for further optimization.

Multiple primary lung cancer can be synchronous or metachronous based on the timing of lesion onset. Despite the existing classification criteria for lung cancer with multiple lung involvement, it is sometimes challenging to distinguish between lung cancer with multiple lung involvement and intrapulmonary metastases. Moreover, differentiating synchronous multiple primary lung cancer from multifocal ground-glass/lepidic-pattern lung cancer is crucial. While histologic evaluation can aid in diagnosis, molecular analyses are often necessary. We present the case of a female patient diagnosed with triple synchronous primary lung adenocarcinomas. Although the lesions shared the same histological subtype, they exhibited distinct histological patterns and molecular profiles. In cases of lung cancer with multiple lung involvement, it is essential to perform a detailed pathological study for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic interventions.