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Systematic policy and evidence review to consider how dementia education and training is best delivered in the social care workforce, and how policy does or can enable its implementation in England 对政策和证据进行系统性审查,以考虑如何在社会护理人员队伍中最好地开展痴呆症教育和培训,以及政策如何在英格兰实施或能够实施痴呆症教育和培训
Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.24.24312532
Saskia Delray, Sube Banerjee, Sedigheh Zabihi, Madeline Walpert, Karen Harrison-Dening, Charlotte Kenten, Yvonne Birks, Clarissa Marie Giebel, Mohammed Akhlak Rauf, Sally Reynolds, Claudia Cooper
Background: Very many social care clients have dementia, but few social care workers receive dementia-specific training. Objective: To systematically review dementia training interventions for social care, review past policies and hold stakeholder workshops considering how future policy can support quality dementia training in social care. Methods: We searched electronic databases, November 2015 to February 2024, including studies describing dementia training and support interventions for social care workers, assessing risk of bias with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. We reviewed English policies January 2015 to April 2024 to identify social and policy contexts relevant to dementia training. We consulted home care and care home stakeholders regarding how findings could inform future policy. Results: We included 56 studies (50 in care homes, 6 in home care). There was good quality evidence that dementia training interventions in care homes that engaged staff champions to integrate practice-based learning reduced agitation, neuropsychiatric symptoms and antipsychotic prescribing and improved life quality of residents with dementia. One study found this approach was cost-effective. In home care, evidence was limited; group training was valued, and improved staff sense of dementia care competence in one study. We identified 27 policies and related documents; and consulted 18 stakeholders. Stakeholders supported mandatory dementia training but considered implementation very challenging in current economic contexts.Conclusions: We found strong evidence for dementia training in care homes, but a relative lack of research in home care. Policy options identified to implement evidence require investment, which could deliver substantial savings across health and social care.
背景:很多社会护理服务对象都患有痴呆症,但很少有社会护理工作者接受过专门针对痴呆症的培训。目标系统回顾社会护理痴呆症培训干预措施,回顾过去的政策,并举办利益相关者研讨会,考虑未来的政策如何支持社会护理中的高质量痴呆症培训。方法:检索电子数据库我们检索了 2015 年 11 月至 2024 年 2 月的电子数据库,包括描述社会护理人员痴呆症培训和支持干预措施的研究,并使用混合方法评估工具评估了偏倚风险。我们查阅了 2015 年 1 月至 2024 年 4 月的英国政策,以确定与痴呆症培训相关的社会和政策背景。我们就研究结果如何为未来政策提供参考咨询了家庭护理和护理院的利益相关者。研究结果我们纳入了 56 项研究(50 项针对护理院,6 项针对家庭护理)。有高质量的证据表明,在护理院开展的痴呆症培训干预活动中,员工倡导将基于实践的学习融入其中,从而减少了躁动、神经精神症状和抗精神病药物处方,并提高了痴呆症住院患者的生活质量。一项研究发现,这种方法具有成本效益。在家庭护理方面,证据有限;在一项研究中,小组培训受到重视,并提高了员工对痴呆症护理能力的认识。我们确定了 27 项政策和相关文件,并咨询了 18 位利益相关者。利益相关者支持强制性痴呆症培训,但认为在目前的经济环境下,实施起来非常困难:我们发现了在护理院开展痴呆症培训的有力证据,但在家庭护理方面的研究相对缺乏。为落实证据而确定的政策方案需要进行投资,这可在医疗和社会护理领域节省大量资金。
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引用次数: 0
Inequalities in Mental Health: Age-related Trends Across Pandemic Phases in Singapore 心理健康的不平等:新加坡大流行病各阶段的年龄相关趋势
Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.25.24312468
Nicole Shu En Goh, Christian Morgenstern, Alex Jie Wei Yap, Stanford Chun Yin Wong, Mythily Subramaniam, Edimansyah Bin Abdin, David Chien Boon Lye, Kelvin Bryan Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan Tan
BackgroundIn the sphere of mental health, little population wide-scale research has been done in Asia on the pandemic's differential impacts on different sociodemographic groups over time. MethodsThis study evaluates symptoms of anxiety and depression within different age groups in Singapore across different pandemic phases. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), in which higher scores indicate more symptoms and lower scores indicate less. Cross-sectional data from 34,429 individuals aged 18 years and above in Singapore between 27 April 2020 and 27 September 2021 were analyzed. Multivariable logistic and linear regression were performed on PHQ-4 scores over pandemic phases and by age. FindingsOverall symptoms of depression and anxiety did not vary significantly across pandemic phases in Singapore. However, compared to Circuit Breaker, younger age groups reported higher PHQ-4 scores as restrictions lifted (ages 18-29: beta (β)=0.59, 95% CI [0.22, 0.97]; ages 30-39: β=0.44, 95% CI [0.08, 0.80]), while older adults reported lower scores (ages 50-59: β=-0.45, 95% CI [-0.80, -0.10]; ages 60 and above: β=-0.38, 95% CI [-0.73, -0.02]). This was associated with more symptoms of anxiety among younger adults, and less symptoms of depression and anxiety among older adults. InterpretationIn Singapore, psychological responses to pandemic restrictions may be heterogenous across different age groups and across time. The study can inform policymakers' decisions in distributing mental health resources during a crisis. FundingThe funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report.
背景在心理健康领域,亚洲几乎没有针对大流行病在不同时期对不同社会人口群体造成的不同影响进行过大规模的研究。本研究评估了新加坡不同年龄段人群在不同大流行阶段的焦虑和抑郁症状。抑郁和焦虑症状采用病人健康问卷-4(PHQ-4)进行测量,得分越高表示症状越多,得分越低表示症状越少。分析了 2020 年 4 月 27 日至 2021 年 9 月 27 日期间新加坡 34,429 名 18 岁及以上人士的横断面数据。对不同流行阶段和不同年龄段的 PHQ-4 分数进行了多变量逻辑回归和线性回归。研究结果在新加坡,不同大流行阶段的抑郁和焦虑症状没有明显差异。然而,与 "断路器 "阶段相比,随着限制的解除,年轻年龄组的 PHQ-4 分数更高(18-29 岁:β (β)=0.59, 95% CI [0.22, 0.97];30-39 岁:β=0.44,95% CI [0.08,0.80]),而老年人的得分较低(50-59 岁:β=-0.45,95% CI [-0.80,-0.10];60 岁及以上:β=-0.38,95% CI [-0.73,-0.02])。这与年轻人焦虑症状较多、老年人抑郁和焦虑症状较少有关。解释在新加坡,不同年龄组和不同时间段对大流行病限制的心理反应可能是不同的。这项研究可为决策者在危机期间分配心理健康资源的决策提供参考。经费资助资助方未参与研究设计、数据收集、数据分析、数据解释或报告撰写。
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引用次数: 0
Level of Cognitive Functioning among Elderly Patients in Urban area of Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study 孟加拉国城市地区老年患者的认知功能水平:横断面研究
Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.22.24312384
Joynal Abedin Imran, Pradip Kumar Saha, Marzana Afrooj Ria, Syeda Saika Sarwar, Jannatul Ferdous Konok
Bangladesh is experiencing rapid urbanization and an increasing elderly population, particularly in urban areas. Cognitive decline is a common issue among elderly populations worldwide. This study aims to investigate the current state of cognitive decline among urban-dwelling older adults in Bangladesh to inform effective healthcare plans and programs. This cross-sectional study employed systematic random sampling among 150 participants at the outpatient department of NITOR in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were collected using a pretested structured standard questionnaire, and cognitive function was assessed with the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS). The study revealed a linear association between cognitive function and factors such as level of educational status, and history of eye sight problem. Conversely, age and diabetes showed an adverse correlation with cognitive function. Moreover, factors such as age, educational level and diabetes remained significant predictors of cognitive function in multivariate analysis. Cognitive impairment is significantly more common among the elderly in Bangladesh, with cognitive abilities being affected by a range of factors such as age, education level, diabetes, and vision issues.
孟加拉国正在经历快速的城市化进程,老年人口不断增加,尤其是在城市地区。认知能力下降是全球老年人口中的一个常见问题。本研究旨在调查孟加拉国城市老年人认知能力下降的现状,为有效的医疗保健计划和方案提供依据。这项横断面研究采用了系统随机抽样的方法,从孟加拉国达卡 NITOR 门诊部的 150 名参与者中抽取样本。数据收集采用预先测试的结构化标准问卷,认知功能评估采用罗兰德通用痴呆评估量表(RUDAS)。研究显示,认知功能与教育水平、视力问题史等因素呈线性关系。相反,年龄和糖尿病则与认知功能呈负相关。此外,在多变量分析中,年龄、教育水平和糖尿病等因素仍是认知功能的重要预测因素。认知障碍在孟加拉国老年人中非常普遍,认知能力受到年龄、教育水平、糖尿病和视力问题等一系列因素的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Neural Oscillation Features of ADHD Symptoms in Children: EEG Evidence from Resting State and Oddball Task 儿童多动症症状的神经振荡特征:静息状态和怪人任务的脑电图证据
Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.21.24312402
Siyuan Zhang, Shuting Yu, Xiaobing Cui, Xuebing Li
The current study examined resting-state and event-related neural oscillations associated with ADHD symptoms in children aged 6-12. 77 children were assessed using the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA-CPT) and EEG during resting-state. A group of these children also completed a classic visual oddball task. Key findings include increased relative delta activity at left parietal electrodes during eyes-open and decreased relative theta activity at left posterior electrodes during eyes-closed, both associated with poor attention. Increased beta activity at right parieto-occipital electrodes during eyes-open and increased alpha activity at bilateral posterior electrodes during eyes-closed were associated with poor response control. In addition, the power of the P3 component was negatively correlated with attention across most frequency bands and conditions, except for delta power in the standard condition. Furthermore, combining multiple metrics, especially resting-state EEG oscillations, event-related oscillations, and parental ratings, provided a more robust prediction. The current study identified important brain regions and frequency bands related to ADHD symptoms, offering new insights for multi-metric prediction and clinical guidance.
本研究探讨了与 6-12 岁儿童多动症症状相关的静息态和事件相关神经振荡。研究人员使用综合视觉和听觉连续表现测试(IVA-CPT)和静息状态下的脑电图对 77 名儿童进行了评估。其中一组儿童还完成了一项经典的视觉怪球任务。主要发现包括睁眼时左顶叶电极的相对德尔塔活动增加,闭眼时左后电极的相对θ活动减少,这两种情况都与注意力不集中有关。睁眼时右侧顶枕电极的β活动增加和闭眼时双侧后电极的α活动增加与反应控制能力差有关。此外,在大多数频段和条件下,P3 分量的功率与注意力呈负相关,但标准条件下的 delta 功率除外。此外,结合多种指标,尤其是静息态脑电振荡、事件相关振荡和家长评分,可以提供更可靠的预测。本研究确定了与多动症症状相关的重要脑区和频段,为多指标预测和临床指导提供了新的见解。
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引用次数: 0
A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of Guanfacine Extended Release for aggression and self-injurious behavior associated with Prader-Willi Syndrome 关法辛缓释剂治疗普拉德-威利综合征相关攻击和自伤行为的随机双盲安慰剂对照临床试验
Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.22.24312419
Deepan Singh, Theresa Jacob, Michael Silver
Introduction: Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS), a rare genetic disorder, affects development and behavior, frequently resulting in self-injury, aggression, hyperphagia, oppositional behavior, impulsivity and over-activity causing significant morbidity. Currently, limited therapeutic options are available to manage these neuropsychiatric manifestations. The aim of this clinical trial was to assess the efficacy of guanfacine-extended release (GXR) in reducing aggression and self-injury in individuals with PWS. Trial Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted under IRB approval. Methods: Subjects with a diagnosis of PWS, 6-35 years of age, with moderate to severe aggressive and/or self-injurious behavior as determined by the Clinical Global Impression (CGI)-Severity scale, were included in an 8-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, fixed-flexible dose clinical trial of GXR, that was followed by an 8-week open-label extension phase. Validated behavioral instruments and physician assessments measured the efficacy of GXR treatment, its safety and tolerability. Results: GXR was effective in reducing aggression/agitation and hyperactivity/noncompliance as measured by the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) scales (p=0.03). Overall aberrant behavior scores significantly reduced in the GXR arm. Aggression as measured by the Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS) also showed a significant reduction. Skin-picking lesions as measured by the Self Injury Trauma (SIT) scale decreased in response to GXR. No serious adverse events were experienced by any of the study participants. Fatigue /sedation was the only adverse event significantly associated with GXR. The GXR group demonstrated significant overall clinical improvement as measured by the CGI-Improvement (CGI-I) scale. (p<0.01). Conclusion: Findings of this pragmatic trial strongly support the use of GXR for treatment of aggression, skin picking, and hyperactivity in children, adolescents, and adults with PWS.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier - NCT05657860
简介普拉德-威利综合征(Prader-Willi Syndrome,PWS)是一种罕见的遗传性疾病,影响发育和行为,经常导致自伤、攻击、多食、对立行为、冲动和过度活跃,造成严重的发病率。目前,可用于控制这些神经精神症状的治疗方案非常有限。本临床试验旨在评估关法辛缓释片(GXR)在减少PWS患者攻击行为和自伤方面的疗效。试验设计:随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验,经国际独立研究委员会批准。试验方法:受试者被诊断出患有 PWS,年龄在 6-35 岁之间,具有中度至重度攻击行为和/或自伤行为(以临床整体印象 (CGI) - 严重程度量表为准),受试者被纳入为期 8 周的 GXR 双盲、安慰剂对照、固定灵活剂量临床试验,随后是为期 8 周的开放标签延长阶段。经过验证的行为工具和医生评估衡量了 GXR 治疗的疗效、安全性和耐受性。结果显示根据异常行为检查表(ABC)量表,GXR 能有效减少攻击/激动和多动/不服从行为(P=0.03)。GXR 治疗组的总体异常行为得分显著降低。用改良过度攻击量表(MOAS)测量的攻击行为也明显减少。自伤创伤量表(SIT)显示,GXR治疗组的抠皮损伤有所减少。研究参与者均未出现严重不良反应。疲劳/酸痛是唯一与 GXR 显著相关的不良反应。根据 CGI-I 量表(CGI-I),GXR 组的总体临床症状有明显改善。(P<0.01)。结论:这项实用性试验的结果强烈支持使用 GXR 治疗儿童、青少年和成人 PWS 患者的攻击性、抠皮和多动问题:试验注册:ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier - NCT05657860
{"title":"A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of Guanfacine Extended Release for aggression and self-injurious behavior associated with Prader-Willi Syndrome","authors":"Deepan Singh, Theresa Jacob, Michael Silver","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.22.24312419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.22.24312419","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS), a rare genetic disorder, affects development and behavior, frequently resulting in self-injury, aggression, hyperphagia, oppositional behavior, impulsivity and over-activity causing significant morbidity. Currently, limited therapeutic options are available to manage these neuropsychiatric manifestations. The aim of this clinical trial was to assess the efficacy of guanfacine-extended release (GXR) in reducing aggression and self-injury in individuals with PWS. Trial Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted under IRB approval. Methods: Subjects with a diagnosis of PWS, 6-35 years of age, with moderate to severe aggressive and/or self-injurious behavior as determined by the Clinical Global Impression (CGI)-Severity scale, were included in an 8-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, fixed-flexible dose clinical trial of GXR, that was followed by an 8-week open-label extension phase. Validated behavioral instruments and physician assessments measured the efficacy of GXR treatment, its safety and tolerability. Results: GXR was effective in reducing aggression/agitation and hyperactivity/noncompliance as measured by the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) scales (p=0.03). Overall aberrant behavior scores significantly reduced in the GXR arm. Aggression as measured by the Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS) also showed a significant reduction. Skin-picking lesions as measured by the Self Injury Trauma (SIT) scale decreased in response to GXR. No serious adverse events were experienced by any of the study participants. Fatigue /sedation was the only adverse event significantly associated with GXR. The GXR group demonstrated significant overall clinical improvement as measured by the CGI-Improvement (CGI-I) scale. (p&lt;0.01). Conclusion: Findings of this pragmatic trial strongly support the use of GXR for treatment of aggression, skin picking, and hyperactivity in children, adolescents, and adults with PWS.\u0000Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier - NCT05657860","PeriodicalId":501388,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interventions for burnout and well-being in homelessness staff: a systematic scoping review 对无家可归工作人员的职业倦怠和幸福感进行干预:系统性范围界定审查
Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.21.24312389
Lauren Ng, Emily Adams, David Henderson, Eddie Donaghy, Stewart Mercer
BackgroundHomelessness staff often experience high job demands, limited resources, and significant emotional strains; with high levels of burnout, stress, and trauma being common within the workforce. Despite growing recognition of these issues, limited information exists regarding interventions to address this. AimTo conduct a systematic scoping review of interventions aimed at improving well-being and reducing burnout among homelessness staff. MethodsAll eligible studies needed to include an intervention addressing burnout and/or well-being in homelessness staff, published in English with primary data. Evidence sources were left open with no data restrictions. Following a registered protocol (available at osf.io/jp5yx), a systematic search of five electronic databases (Medline, APA PsychInfo, Global Health, ASSIA, CINAHL) and Google Scholar was conducted. Studies were double-screened for inclusion. Methodological quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. ResultsOut of 5,775 screened studies, six met the inclusion criteria: two peer-reviewed and four non-peer-reviewed publications. No studies were retrieved from Google Scholar. The included studies comprised four quantitative non-randomised designs, one randomised controlled trial, and one mixed-methods study, with four being complex interventions. Three were therapy-based, two included supervision, and two comprised one-time educational sessions. Most were conducted in the United States (n=4), with two in the United Kingdom. The total pooled sample was 347 participants, though four studies were missing demographic data (age and gender). The studies used heterogenous measures and outcomes. Limitations included restrictions to English-only publications, potential gaps in capturing well-being measures, and a limited grey literature scope. ConclusionThere is a lack of research on well-being and burnout interventions in frontline homelessness staff. Identified studies were generally of low quality with a heterogeneity of measures and outcomes used to assess well-being and burnout, limiting generalisability of findings. More robust study designs, along with standardised measures and outcomes, are needed going forwards.
背景无家可归者工作人员往往面临着高工作要求、有限的资源和巨大的情感压力;高水平的职业倦怠、压力和创伤是工作队伍中的普遍现象。尽管人们越来越认识到这些问题,但有关解决这些问题的干预措施的信息却很有限。目的对旨在改善无家可归人员的福祉和减少其职业倦怠的干预措施进行系统的范围界定研究。方法所有符合条件的研究均需包含针对无家可归人员职业倦怠和/或幸福感的干预措施,并以英文发表,提供原始数据。证据来源开放,无数据限制。按照注册协议(可在 osf.io/jp5yx 上获取),对五个电子数据库(Medline、APA PsychInfo、Global Health、ASSIA、CINAHL)和 Google Scholar 进行了系统检索。对纳入的研究进行了双重筛选。采用混合方法评估工具对方法质量进行评估。结果在筛选出的 5,775 项研究中,有 6 项符合纳入标准:2 项为同行评议出版物,4 项为非同行评议出版物。没有从谷歌学术中检索到任何研究。纳入的研究包括四项定量非随机设计、一项随机对照试验和一项混合方法研究,其中四项是复杂的干预措施。三项以治疗为基础,两项包括监督,两项包括一次性教育课程。大部分研究在美国进行(4 项),两项在英国进行。汇总样本共有 347 名参与者,但有四项研究缺少人口统计学数据(年龄和性别)。这些研究采用了不同的测量方法和结果。研究的局限性包括仅限于英文出版物、在捕捉幸福感衡量标准方面可能存在差距以及灰色文献范围有限。结论缺乏对一线无家可归人员的幸福感和职业倦怠干预措施的研究。已确定的研究质量普遍较低,用于评估幸福感和职业倦怠的措施和结果也不尽相同,这限制了研究结果的普遍性。今后需要更多可靠的研究设计,以及标准化的衡量标准和结果。
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引用次数: 0
Evidence of Differences in Diurnal Electrodermal, Temperature, and Heart Rate Patterns by Mental Health Status in Free-Living Data 自由生活数据中不同精神健康状况下昼夜电热、体温和心率模式差异的证据
Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.22.24312398
Daniel McDuff, Isaac Galatzer-Levy, Seamus Thomson Thomson, Andrew Barakat, Conor Heneghan, Samy Abdel-Ghaffar, Jake Sunshine, Ming-Zher Poh, Lindsey Sunden, John Hernandez, Allen Jiang, Xin Liu, Ari Winbush, Benjamin Nelson, Nicholas B Allen
Electrodermal activity (EDA) is a measure of sympathetic arousal that has been linked to depression in laboratory experiments. However, the inability to measure EDA passively over time and in the real-world has limited conclusions that can be drawn about EDA as an indicator of mental health status outside of controlled settings. Recent smartwatches have begun to incorporate wrist-worn continuous EDA sensors that enable longitudinal measurement of sympathetic arousal in every-day life. This work (N=237, 4-week observation period) examines the association between passively collected, diurnal variations in EDA and symptoms of depression, anxiety and perceived stress in a large community sample. Subjects who exhibited elevated depressive and anxiety symptoms had higher tonic EDA, skin temperature, and heart rate, despite not engaging in greater physical activity, compared to those that were not depressed or anxious. In contrast, subjects who exhibited elevated stress only exhibited higher skin temperature. Most strikingly, differences in EDA between those with high versus low symptoms were most prominent during the early morning. We did not observe amplitude or phase differences in the diurnal patterns. Our work suggests that electrodermal sensors may be practical and useful in measuring the physiological correlates of mental health symptoms in free-living contexts and that recent consumer smartwatches might be a tool for doing so.
皮电活动(EDA)是交感神经唤醒的一种测量方法,在实验室实验中与抑郁症有关。然而,由于无法在现实世界中长时间被动地测量 EDA,因此在受控环境之外将 EDA 作为心理健康状况指标的结论有限。最近的智能手表已经开始集成腕戴式连续 EDA 传感器,从而可以在日常生活中对交感神经唤醒进行纵向测量。这项研究(样本数=237,观察期为 4 周)在一个大型社区样本中研究了被动收集的 EDA 日间变化与抑郁症状、焦虑和感知压力之间的关联。与没有抑郁或焦虑的受试者相比,表现出抑郁和焦虑症状的受试者尽管没有进行更多的体力活动,但其强直性 EDA、皮肤温度和心率更高。相比之下,压力升高的受试者只表现出较高的皮肤温度。最引人注目的是,症状严重与症状较轻的受试者之间的 EDA 差异在清晨最为明显。我们没有观察到昼夜模式的振幅或相位差异。我们的研究表明,皮肤电传感器在测量自由生活环境下心理健康症状的生理相关性方面可能是实用和有用的,而最近推出的消费类智能手表可能是实现这一目标的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Mindstep Mood and Cause Examination (MMCE): The Preferred Tool for Remote Digital Depression Screening Mindstep 情绪和病因检查 (MMCE):远程数字抑郁症筛查的首选工具
Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.07.24311602
Mohammad Mahmud, Narayan Kuleindiren, Steph Suddell, Raphael Paul Rifkin-Zybutz, Parivrudh Sharma, Temidayo Osunronbi, Olivia Pounds, Hamzah Selim, Anushka Patchava, Aaron Lin, Ali Alim-Marvasti
Background: Digital health technologies are increasingly being used to monitor, assess, and treat depressive symptoms in the community. However, many such technologies rely on screening tools which were originally designed for use in primary care clinics, such as the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). These scales are symptom-focused and do not capture the wider experiences of the patient. We developed a new screen for assessing depressive symptoms in a digital setting. Named the Mindstep Mood and Cause Examination (MMCE), it was designed to replicate the predictive capabilities of the PHQ-9, while improving user experience and capturing broader determinants of mental health. Method: This was a cross-sectional study, conducted fully remotely on Prolific. Participants (n=367) completed both the PHQ-9 and the MMCE, in a randomised order. Responses on the MMCE were examined for a range of psychometric properties, including: internal consistency, item selectivity, and convergence with PHQ-9 scores. User experience was assessed with a theory-led acceptability scale and compared across both mental health measures. Thematic analysis was used to analyse participants' free text responses, describing their experience of completing the scales. Results: The MMCE displayed good internal consistency and strong convergence with the PHQ-9 (r = 0.70), accounting for 49% of the variance in PHQ-9 scores. The MMCE also demonstrated robust predictive capability for the PHQ-9 using a moderate depression symptom cut-off of 10, with an Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.84. In direct comparisons between the scales, 259 of 367 users (70.1%) preferred the MMCE and the MMCE outperformed the PHQ-9 in 8 out of 12 user experience categories. Conclusions: The MMCE has demonstrated validity in predicting PHQ-9 scores and offers an improved user experience, while additionally encouraging the user to examine the underlying causes of their depressive symptoms. However, additional research is necessary to evaluate the MMCE in terms of repeated assessments for effective depression monitoring.
背景:数字健康技术越来越多地被用于监测、评估和治疗社区中的抑郁症状。然而,许多此类技术依赖于最初设计用于初级保健诊所的筛查工具,如患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)。这些量表以症状为中心,无法捕捉患者更广泛的经历。我们开发了一种新的屏幕,用于在数字环境中评估抑郁症状。它被命名为 "Mindstep 情绪和病因检查(MMCE)",旨在复制 PHQ-9 的预测能力,同时改善用户体验并捕捉更广泛的心理健康决定因素。研究方法这是一项在 Prolific 上完全远程进行的横断面研究。参与者(367 人)按照随机顺序完成 PHQ-9 和 MMCE。研究人员对 MMCE 的回答进行了一系列心理测量特性的检查,包括:内部一致性、项目选择性以及与 PHQ-9 分数的趋同性。用户体验采用理论主导的可接受性量表进行评估,并在两种心理健康测量中进行比较。主题分析用于分析参与者的自由文本回答,描述他们完成量表的体验。结果MMCE 与 PHQ-9 具有良好的内部一致性和较强的趋同性(r = 0.70),占 PHQ-9 分值差异的 49%。在中度抑郁症状临界值为 10 时,MMCE 对 PHQ-9 的预测能力也很强,曲线下面积(AUC)为 0.84。在量表之间的直接比较中,367 位用户中有 259 位(70.1%)更喜欢 MMCE,在 12 个用户体验类别中,MMCE 有 8 个类别的表现优于 PHQ-9。结论:MMCE在预测PHQ-9分数方面已被证明是有效的,并提供了更好的用户体验,同时还能鼓励用户检查其抑郁症状的根本原因。不过,还需要进行更多的研究,以评估 MMCE 在重复评估方面是否能有效监测抑郁症。
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引用次数: 0
Individualized Hybrid Electroconvulsive Therapy (i-HECT) Shows Rapid Anti-Depressant Effect and Improved Cognition in Young Patients with Depression 个性化混合电休克疗法(i-HECT)显示出快速抗抑郁效果并改善了年轻抑郁症患者的认知能力
Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.01.24311339
Jing-ya Zhang, Lun Zeng, Jia Li, Mian-mian Chen, Shu-xian Xu, Baijian Tan, Xin-hui Xie
Background: For young patients with depression, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is highly effective but causes acute cognitive side effects. We designed a new i-HECT therapy combines ECT with low-charge electrotherapy (LCE) and individual symptom monitoring to reduce cognitive impairments.Methods: i-HECT comprised two treatments: ECT and LCE. ECT utilized an energy set of 1.5 times the seizure threshold (ST), while LCE was set at 0.5 ST. The initial session employed ECT. Subsequent sessions involved ECT or LCE, depending on whether meeting the ECT-LCE transition criteria (MADRS total score < 22 or ≥ 50% reduction), assessed after each session. Results: The intention-to-treat analysis revealed an 80.4% response rate and a 58.7% remission rate (Hedges' g = 3.29). Notably, both subjective and objective cognitive functions significantly improved post-i-HECT treatments and during the 3-month follow-up periods. Conclusion: The i-HECT protocol may provide a rapid antidepressant treatment option with cognitive benefits for young depression patients.
背景:对于年轻的抑郁症患者,电休克疗法(ECT)非常有效,但会引起急性认知副作用。我们设计了一种新的i-HECT疗法,将电休克疗法与低电荷电疗法(LCE)和个体症状监测相结合,以减少认知障碍:方法:i-HECT疗法包括两种治疗方法:ECT和LCE。电痉挛疗法的能量设定为癫痫发作阈值(ST)的 1.5 倍,而低电荷电疗的能量设定为 0.5 ST。首次治疗采用电痉挛疗法。随后的疗程采用 ECT 或 LCE,取决于是否符合 ECT-LCE 过渡标准(MADRS 总分 < 22 或减少≥ 50%),每次疗程后进行评估。结果显示意向治疗分析显示,反应率为 80.4%,缓解率为 58.7%(赫奇斯 g = 3.29)。值得注意的是,在i-HECT治疗后和3个月的随访期间,主观和客观认知功能均有明显改善。结论i-HECT方案可为年轻抑郁症患者提供一种快速的抗抑郁治疗方案,并对认知功能有益。
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引用次数: 0
Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation Scale - Proxy Report (BACE-PR): evidence of reliability and validity for caregivers reporting on children and adolescents with mental health concerns in Greece. 获得护理的障碍评估量表--代理报告 (BACE-PR):针对希腊有心理健康问题的儿童和青少年的护理人员报告的可靠性和有效性证据。
Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.06.24311524
Konstantinos Kotsis, Graham Thornicroft, Julia Luiza Schafer, Aspasia Serdari, Maria Basta, Caio Borba Casella, Lauro Estivalete Marchionatti, Mauricio Scopel Hoffmann, Alexandra Tzotzi, Andromachi Mitropoulou, Andre Rafael Simioni, Katerina Papanikolaou, Anastasia Koumoula, Giovanni Abrahao Salum
Background: To improve access to mental health care for children and adolescents, it is necessary to identify the barriers faced by their caregivers. The aim of this study is to identify these barriers in Greece and to investigate the reliability and validity of the modified version of the Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation scale (BACE) - the BACE Proxy Report (BACE-PR).Methods: A total of 265 caregivers completed the BACE-PR. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were used to investigate the factor structure of the instrument. Item parameters were assessed via Item Response Theory. Interpretability was assessed by linking summed scores to IRT-based scores.Results: Caregivers reported care costs as the major barrier to access. Obsessive compulsive symptoms and self-harm were the conditions for which caregivers reported the highest level of barriers. EFA and CFA suggested that a one-factor solution fit the data well (RMSEA = 0.048, CFI = 0.991, TLI = 0.990). Internal consistency was found to be high (ω=0.96). Average z-scores provided five meaningful levels of caregivers perceived barriers compared to the national average.Conclusions: Caregivers face a variety of barriers to access mental health care for their children and this could partly explain the treatment gap in the Greek mental health sector. Our study provides evidence for the reliability and validity of the BACE-PR scale, which can aid to identify caregiver-perceived barriers and to design interventions to improve access to mental health care.
背景:为了改善儿童和青少年获得心理健康护理的机会,有必要确定他们的照顾者所面临的障碍。本研究旨在确定希腊儿童和青少年所面临的这些障碍,并对 "获得医疗服务的障碍评估量表"(BACE)的修订版--"BACE 代理报告"(BACE-PR)--的可靠性和有效性进行调查:共有 265 名护理人员填写了 BACE-PR。采用探索性因子分析(EFA)和确认性因子分析(CFA)来研究量表的因子结构。项目参数通过项目反应理论进行评估。通过将总分与基于 IRT 的分数相联系来评估可解释性:结果:护理人员表示,护理费用是获得护理的主要障碍。强迫症状和自我伤害是护理人员报告障碍程度最高的症状。EFA和CFA表明,单因素解与数据拟合良好(RMSEA = 0.048,CFI = 0.991,TLI = 0.990)。内部一致性较高(ω=0.96)。与全国平均水平相比,平均 Z 值提供了护理人员感知障碍的五个有意义的等级:照顾者在为子女提供心理保健服务时面临着各种障碍,这也是希腊心理健康领域存在治疗差距的部分原因。我们的研究为 BACE-PR 量表的可靠性和有效性提供了证据,该量表有助于识别照顾者感知到的障碍,并设计干预措施以改善心理健康护理的获取。
{"title":"Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation Scale - Proxy Report (BACE-PR): evidence of reliability and validity for caregivers reporting on children and adolescents with mental health concerns in Greece.","authors":"Konstantinos Kotsis, Graham Thornicroft, Julia Luiza Schafer, Aspasia Serdari, Maria Basta, Caio Borba Casella, Lauro Estivalete Marchionatti, Mauricio Scopel Hoffmann, Alexandra Tzotzi, Andromachi Mitropoulou, Andre Rafael Simioni, Katerina Papanikolaou, Anastasia Koumoula, Giovanni Abrahao Salum","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.06.24311524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.06.24311524","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To improve access to mental health care for children and adolescents, it is necessary to identify the barriers faced by their caregivers. The aim of this study is to identify these barriers in Greece and to investigate the reliability and validity of the modified version of the Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation scale (BACE) - the BACE Proxy Report (BACE-PR).\u0000Methods: A total of 265 caregivers completed the BACE-PR. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were used to investigate the factor structure of the instrument. Item parameters were assessed via Item Response Theory. Interpretability was assessed by linking summed scores to IRT-based scores.\u0000Results: Caregivers reported care costs as the major barrier to access. Obsessive compulsive symptoms and self-harm were the conditions for which caregivers reported the highest level of barriers. EFA and CFA suggested that a one-factor solution fit the data well (RMSEA = 0.048, CFI = 0.991, TLI = 0.990). Internal consistency was found to be high (ω=0.96). Average z-scores provided five meaningful levels of caregivers perceived barriers compared to the national average.\u0000Conclusions: Caregivers face a variety of barriers to access mental health care for their children and this could partly explain the treatment gap in the Greek mental health sector. Our study provides evidence for the reliability and validity of the BACE-PR scale, which can aid to identify caregiver-perceived barriers and to design interventions to improve access to mental health care.","PeriodicalId":501388,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
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