Pub Date : 2024-04-26DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010127
Shreya Sriram, Moreen W Njoroge, Christopher D Lopez, Lily Zhu, Matthew J Heron, Katherine J Zhu, Cynthia T Yusuf, Robin Yang
Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients benefit from craniofacial reconstruction, but no clear guidance exists for rehabilitation timing. This meta-analysis aims to clarify the impact of oncologic treatment order on implant survival. An algorithm to guide placement sequence is also proposed in this paper. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for studies on HNC patients with ablative and fibula-free flap (FFF) reconstruction surgeries and radiotherapy (RTX). Primary outcomes included treatment sequence, implant survival rates, and RTX dose. Of 661 studies, 20 studies (617 implants, 199 patients) were included. Pooled survival rates for implants receiving >60 Gy RTX were significantly lower than implants receiving < 60 Gy (82.8% versus 90.1%, P=0.035). Placement >1 year after RTX completion improved implant survival rates (96.8% versus 82.5%, P=0.001). Implants receiving pre-placement RTX had increased survival with RTX postablation versus before (91.2% versus 74.8%, P<0.001). One hundred seventy-seven implants were placed only in FFF with higher survival than implants placed in FFF or native bone (90.4% versus 83.5%, P=0.035). Radiotherapy is detrimental to implant survival rates when administered too soon, in high doses, and before tumor resection. A novel evidence-based clinical decision-making algorithm was presented for utilization when determining the optimal treatment order for HNC patients. The overall survival of dental prostheses is acceptable, reaffirming their role as a key component in rehabilitating HNC patients. Considerations must be made regarding RTX dosage, timing, and implant location to optimize survival rates and patient outcomes for improved functionality, aesthetics, and comfort.
{"title":"Optimal Treatment Order With Fibula-Free Flap Reconstruction, Oncologic Treatment, and Dental Implants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Shreya Sriram, Moreen W Njoroge, Christopher D Lopez, Lily Zhu, Matthew J Heron, Katherine J Zhu, Cynthia T Yusuf, Robin Yang","doi":"10.1097/scs.0000000000010127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000010127","url":null,"abstract":"Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients benefit from craniofacial reconstruction, but no clear guidance exists for rehabilitation timing. This meta-analysis aims to clarify the impact of oncologic treatment order on implant survival. An algorithm to guide placement sequence is also proposed in this paper. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for studies on HNC patients with ablative and fibula-free flap (FFF) reconstruction surgeries and radiotherapy (RTX). Primary outcomes included treatment sequence, implant survival rates, and RTX dose. Of 661 studies, 20 studies (617 implants, 199 patients) were included. Pooled survival rates for implants receiving >60 Gy RTX were significantly lower than implants receiving < 60 Gy (82.8% versus 90.1%, P=0.035). Placement >1 year after RTX completion improved implant survival rates (96.8% versus 82.5%, P=0.001). Implants receiving pre-placement RTX had increased survival with RTX postablation versus before (91.2% versus 74.8%, P<0.001). One hundred seventy-seven implants were placed only in FFF with higher survival than implants placed in FFF or native bone (90.4% versus 83.5%, P=0.035). Radiotherapy is detrimental to implant survival rates when administered too soon, in high doses, and before tumor resection. A novel evidence-based clinical decision-making algorithm was presented for utilization when determining the optimal treatment order for HNC patients. The overall survival of dental prostheses is acceptable, reaffirming their role as a key component in rehabilitating HNC patients. Considerations must be made regarding RTX dosage, timing, and implant location to optimize survival rates and patient outcomes for improved functionality, aesthetics, and comfort.","PeriodicalId":501649,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140804725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010059
Michael J L Hurrell, David Leinkram, Murray J Stokan, Jonathan R Clark
Case report. Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaw is a potentially devastating consequence of head and neck irradiation. The progression of ORN can lead to loss of bone, teeth, soft tissue necrosis, pathologic fracture, and oro-cutaneous fistula. Reconstructive surgery has mostly been reserved for late-stage disease where segmental resections are frequently necessary. Evidence is emerging to support earlier treatment in the form of debridement in combination with soft tissue free flaps for intermediate-stage ORN. The authors present a case of a 76-year-old male with persistent Notani 2 ORN of the mandible, treated with surgical removal of all remaining mandibular teeth, transoral debridement of all necrotic mandibular bone, and bone coverage with a left medial femoral condyle (MFC) periosteal free flap based on the descending genicular artery. Treatment was uneventful both intraoperatively and postoperatively. Since surgery (15 mo) the patient has remained free from clinical and radiologic signs of ORN. The MFP periosteal free flap provided an excellent result with minimal surgical complexity and morbidity in this case. Such treatment at an intermediate stage likely results in a reduction in segmental resections, less donor site morbidity, less operative time, less overall treatment time, and possibly fewer postoperative complications compared with the status quo.
{"title":"Medial Femoral Condyle Periosteal Free Flap for Bone Coverage Following Debridement of Intermediate-Stage Osteoradionecrosis of the Jaw.","authors":"Michael J L Hurrell, David Leinkram, Murray J Stokan, Jonathan R Clark","doi":"10.1097/scs.0000000000010059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000010059","url":null,"abstract":"Case report. Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaw is a potentially devastating consequence of head and neck irradiation. The progression of ORN can lead to loss of bone, teeth, soft tissue necrosis, pathologic fracture, and oro-cutaneous fistula. Reconstructive surgery has mostly been reserved for late-stage disease where segmental resections are frequently necessary. Evidence is emerging to support earlier treatment in the form of debridement in combination with soft tissue free flaps for intermediate-stage ORN. The authors present a case of a 76-year-old male with persistent Notani 2 ORN of the mandible, treated with surgical removal of all remaining mandibular teeth, transoral debridement of all necrotic mandibular bone, and bone coverage with a left medial femoral condyle (MFC) periosteal free flap based on the descending genicular artery. Treatment was uneventful both intraoperatively and postoperatively. Since surgery (15 mo) the patient has remained free from clinical and radiologic signs of ORN. The MFP periosteal free flap provided an excellent result with minimal surgical complexity and morbidity in this case. Such treatment at an intermediate stage likely results in a reduction in segmental resections, less donor site morbidity, less operative time, less overall treatment time, and possibly fewer postoperative complications compared with the status quo.","PeriodicalId":501649,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140628285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010093
Emily Yassaie, Anusha Hennedige, Christopher Parks
Neonates born with severe multisuture synostosis can present as an emergency. The severe craniocerebral disproportion with or without underlying hydrocephalus and retruded midface can result in raised intracranial pressure and airway compromise within the first few days or weeks of life. This presents a challenging multidisciplinary condition. There is no international consensus on management. There are limited publications available describing the approach to treatment. In our unit, children who present in the neonatal period with severe multisuture synostosis are offered early open extensive suturectomy within the first few months of life. The goals are; reduction in raised intracranial pressure, improvement in head shape and bone formation, and avoidance of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. This is performed as an adjunct, not a replacement of other traditional skull vault procedures. We describe the technique and postoperative care without the need for a helmet that leads to excellent skull-shape outcomes and avoidance of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.
{"title":"Early Open Extensive Suturectomy for the Severe Multisuture Synostosis.","authors":"Emily Yassaie, Anusha Hennedige, Christopher Parks","doi":"10.1097/scs.0000000000010093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000010093","url":null,"abstract":"Neonates born with severe multisuture synostosis can present as an emergency. The severe craniocerebral disproportion with or without underlying hydrocephalus and retruded midface can result in raised intracranial pressure and airway compromise within the first few days or weeks of life. This presents a challenging multidisciplinary condition. There is no international consensus on management. There are limited publications available describing the approach to treatment. In our unit, children who present in the neonatal period with severe multisuture synostosis are offered early open extensive suturectomy within the first few months of life. The goals are; reduction in raised intracranial pressure, improvement in head shape and bone formation, and avoidance of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. This is performed as an adjunct, not a replacement of other traditional skull vault procedures. We describe the technique and postoperative care without the need for a helmet that leads to excellent skull-shape outcomes and avoidance of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.","PeriodicalId":501649,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140628398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010072
Antonio Fuente-Del-Campo, Daniel Reyes Cureño
The induced bone generation procedure (osteogenic distraction [OD]) is frequently used in cases of jaw deformities in patients with, hemifacial microsomia, mandibular hypoplasia, and so on. This study was undertaken to provide criteria to perform this procedure. The authors evaluated the effects of various parameters using OD to determine the optimal variables. Sixty distractors were placed in 30 canine subjects who then underwent OD after appropriate osteotomy. The procedures were performed during varying latency periods, distraction periods, distraction rate distance, and the consolidation period. Bone biopsies and radiographic studies were performed at 0, 7, 14, 21, 45, and 55 days after the distraction process. The observed changes and the most efficient mandibular OD parameters are reported.
诱导骨生成术（成骨牵引术[OD]）常用于半面小畸形、下颌骨发育不良等患者的下颌畸形病例。本研究旨在提供实施该手术的标准。作者使用 OD 评估了各种参数的影响，以确定最佳变量。在30名犬类受试者身上放置了60个牵引器，然后在适当的截骨后进行了OD。手术在不同的潜伏期、牵引期、牵引率距离和巩固期进行。在牵引过程后的 0、7、14、21、45 和 55 天分别进行了骨活检和放射学研究。报告了观察到的变化和最有效的下颌骨外径参数。
{"title":"Histomorphologic, Biomechanical, and Functional Analysis in Mandibular Osteogenesis Induced by External Distraction.","authors":"Antonio Fuente-Del-Campo, Daniel Reyes Cureño","doi":"10.1097/scs.0000000000010072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000010072","url":null,"abstract":"The induced bone generation procedure (osteogenic distraction [OD]) is frequently used in cases of jaw deformities in patients with, hemifacial microsomia, mandibular hypoplasia, and so on. This study was undertaken to provide criteria to perform this procedure. The authors evaluated the effects of various parameters using OD to determine the optimal variables. Sixty distractors were placed in 30 canine subjects who then underwent OD after appropriate osteotomy. The procedures were performed during varying latency periods, distraction periods, distraction rate distance, and the consolidation period. Bone biopsies and radiographic studies were performed at 0, 7, 14, 21, 45, and 55 days after the distraction process. The observed changes and the most efficient mandibular OD parameters are reported.","PeriodicalId":501649,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140628504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010094
Masato Nagaoka, Masaomi Motegi
The progression of a cervical abscess toward the mediastinum is rare but remains one of the most serious diseases, even in the era of antibiotics. A mediastinal abscess can originate from an odontogenic infection and presents a challenge for otolaryngologists and craniofacial surgeons, particularly when it spreads caudally to the tracheal bifurcation. For successful treatment of such an abscess, patients are generally referred to a thoracic surgeon for drainage. We present a distinctive case of an odontogenic infection-induced wide mediastinal abscess that could be drained only through cervical manipulation by using a sump-type tube. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 55 without any complications. This is the first report showing that descending mediastinal abscesses extending below the tracheal bifurcation could be drained by head and neck surgeons alone. The technique is easy and hence reproducible, safe, and convenient to perform.
{"title":"Exclusive Transcervical Drainage for Posterior Mediastinal Abscess Originating from a Mandibular Molar.","authors":"Masato Nagaoka, Masaomi Motegi","doi":"10.1097/scs.0000000000010094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000010094","url":null,"abstract":"The progression of a cervical abscess toward the mediastinum is rare but remains one of the most serious diseases, even in the era of antibiotics. A mediastinal abscess can originate from an odontogenic infection and presents a challenge for otolaryngologists and craniofacial surgeons, particularly when it spreads caudally to the tracheal bifurcation. For successful treatment of such an abscess, patients are generally referred to a thoracic surgeon for drainage. We present a distinctive case of an odontogenic infection-induced wide mediastinal abscess that could be drained only through cervical manipulation by using a sump-type tube. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 55 without any complications. This is the first report showing that descending mediastinal abscesses extending below the tracheal bifurcation could be drained by head and neck surgeons alone. The technique is easy and hence reproducible, safe, and convenient to perform.","PeriodicalId":501649,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140560962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010052
Martina Brozynski, Nargiz Seyidova, Olachi Oleru, Curtis Rew, Anais Di Via Loschpe, Peter J Taub
Orbital fractures frequently require operative management by a plastic and reconstructive surgeon. Due to the proximity to the globe and complexity of the reconstruction, orbital fractures, and related procedures have the potential to be a source of medical litigation. The aim of the present study was to review orbital fracture malpractice litigation, including case outcomes and compensatory damages.
{"title":"An Analysis of Medical Malpractice Litigation Involving Orbital Fractures.","authors":"Martina Brozynski, Nargiz Seyidova, Olachi Oleru, Curtis Rew, Anais Di Via Loschpe, Peter J Taub","doi":"10.1097/scs.0000000000010052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000010052","url":null,"abstract":"Orbital fractures frequently require operative management by a plastic and reconstructive surgeon. Due to the proximity to the globe and complexity of the reconstruction, orbital fractures, and related procedures have the potential to be a source of medical litigation. The aim of the present study was to review orbital fracture malpractice litigation, including case outcomes and compensatory damages.","PeriodicalId":501649,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140560871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009977
Ruby R Taylor, Sinan Jabori, Minji Kim, Taylor Smartz, Eva S Hale, Michael Peleg, Wrood Kassira, Anne-Sophie Lessard, Seth R Thaller
Trauma during pregnancy deserves special attention as management must be directed towards both the mother and the fetus. Management of maxillofacial fractures in pregnancy can adversely affect the well-being of the fetus by impinging on normal functions such as respiration, mastication, and nutrition. Pregnancy complicates the management of facial injury due to the maintenance of the patent airway, anesthesia considerations, and imaging restraints. The purpose of this study is to use three illustrative from our own institution to further elucidate education on the management of mandible fracture in pregnancy with a focus on multidisciplinary treatment and outcomes.
{"title":"Management of Maxillofacial Trauma in Pregnant Women.","authors":"Ruby R Taylor, Sinan Jabori, Minji Kim, Taylor Smartz, Eva S Hale, Michael Peleg, Wrood Kassira, Anne-Sophie Lessard, Seth R Thaller","doi":"10.1097/scs.0000000000009977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000009977","url":null,"abstract":"Trauma during pregnancy deserves special attention as management must be directed towards both the mother and the fetus. Management of maxillofacial fractures in pregnancy can adversely affect the well-being of the fetus by impinging on normal functions such as respiration, mastication, and nutrition. Pregnancy complicates the management of facial injury due to the maintenance of the patent airway, anesthesia considerations, and imaging restraints. The purpose of this study is to use three illustrative from our own institution to further elucidate education on the management of mandible fracture in pregnancy with a focus on multidisciplinary treatment and outcomes.","PeriodicalId":501649,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140560964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010096
Soumil Prasad, Dylan Treger, Rohan Mangal, Matthew T Gompels, Seth R Thaller
Yard and garden tools are increasingly used by Americans. Despite the growing popularity of gardening as a leisure activity, the rate of injury associated with these tools remains remarkedly high. Previous research has highlighted the risks associated with improper handling of tools and associated potential long-term consequences. This retrospective study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the craniofacial injuries caused by yard and garden equipment. The investigation will emphasize the need for improved safety measures and regulations.
{"title":"Yard Work and Gardening: A Pastime with Potential for Craniofacial Injury.","authors":"Soumil Prasad, Dylan Treger, Rohan Mangal, Matthew T Gompels, Seth R Thaller","doi":"10.1097/scs.0000000000010096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000010096","url":null,"abstract":"Yard and garden tools are increasingly used by Americans. Despite the growing popularity of gardening as a leisure activity, the rate of injury associated with these tools remains remarkedly high. Previous research has highlighted the risks associated with improper handling of tools and associated potential long-term consequences. This retrospective study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the craniofacial injuries caused by yard and garden equipment. The investigation will emphasize the need for improved safety measures and regulations.","PeriodicalId":501649,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010103
Carolina Chaves Gama Aires, Ricardo José de Holanda Vasconcellos, Heitor Tavares de Araújo, Rebeca Valeska Soares Pereira, Rosa Rayanne Lins de Souza, Emanuel Savio de Souza Andrade, Belmiro Cavalcanti do Egito Vasconcelos
To outline the profile of patients with facial trauma, victims of motorcycle accidents, treated at the Hospital da Restauração, Recife/PE, Brazil, from December 2020 to July 2021.
{"title":"Profile of Facial Trauma Victims of Motorcycle Accidents Treated at a Hospital in Northeastern Brazil: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Carolina Chaves Gama Aires, Ricardo José de Holanda Vasconcellos, Heitor Tavares de Araújo, Rebeca Valeska Soares Pereira, Rosa Rayanne Lins de Souza, Emanuel Savio de Souza Andrade, Belmiro Cavalcanti do Egito Vasconcelos","doi":"10.1097/scs.0000000000010103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000010103","url":null,"abstract":"To outline the profile of patients with facial trauma, victims of motorcycle accidents, treated at the Hospital da Restauração, Recife/PE, Brazil, from December 2020 to July 2021.","PeriodicalId":501649,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140560870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010113
Sung Gyun Jung, Xiajing Wu, Kun Hwang, Seung-Ho Han
The aim of this study was to investigate the appearance of the faces of Chinese women in leadership positions through an anthropometric analysis of Women of China from 1949 to 2022. Photographs of cover women of Women of China were gathered and a total of 380 frontal and 101 lateral photographs were collected. The photographs were divided into 3 time phases: phase I (1949-1978): from the launch of Women of China magazine, up until the time of reform and opening; phase II (1978-2010): from the time of reform and opening until when Google China was blocked; and phase III (2010-2022): to the present. The horizontal corneal diameter (11.52 mm) was set as the reference value for the frontal face. The anthropometric results showed the width of the face, midface, and lower face decreased over time. The women at phase I had larger and round faces, smaller and narrower eyes, wider noses, and thicker lips; relatively masculine and hard-working woman image, as the occupations of women were mainly described as workers, farmers, and civil servants. Phase II showed smaller but still round faces, relatively wide-set round eyes, narrower noses, and smaller lips than in phase I; neutral features as skilled workers, engineers, entrepreneurs, civil servants, and researchers. Phase III showed oval faces, almond eyes, narrower noses, smaller full lips, and wider chins, reflecting a process of feminization; working in entertainment, sports, and science. The data from this study might serve as the recommended aesthetic proportions when performing plastic surgical procedures for talented woman.
{"title":"Anthropometric Analysis of the Faces of Chinese Women in Leadership Roles.","authors":"Sung Gyun Jung, Xiajing Wu, Kun Hwang, Seung-Ho Han","doi":"10.1097/scs.0000000000010113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000010113","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the appearance of the faces of Chinese women in leadership positions through an anthropometric analysis of Women of China from 1949 to 2022. Photographs of cover women of Women of China were gathered and a total of 380 frontal and 101 lateral photographs were collected. The photographs were divided into 3 time phases: phase I (1949-1978): from the launch of Women of China magazine, up until the time of reform and opening; phase II (1978-2010): from the time of reform and opening until when Google China was blocked; and phase III (2010-2022): to the present. The horizontal corneal diameter (11.52 mm) was set as the reference value for the frontal face. The anthropometric results showed the width of the face, midface, and lower face decreased over time. The women at phase I had larger and round faces, smaller and narrower eyes, wider noses, and thicker lips; relatively masculine and hard-working woman image, as the occupations of women were mainly described as workers, farmers, and civil servants. Phase II showed smaller but still round faces, relatively wide-set round eyes, narrower noses, and smaller lips than in phase I; neutral features as skilled workers, engineers, entrepreneurs, civil servants, and researchers. Phase III showed oval faces, almond eyes, narrower noses, smaller full lips, and wider chins, reflecting a process of feminization; working in entertainment, sports, and science. The data from this study might serve as the recommended aesthetic proportions when performing plastic surgical procedures for talented woman.","PeriodicalId":501649,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140560959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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