Pub Date : 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00182-x
As urbanization affects planet Earth and humanity with ever more poignant and confounding implications, Nature Cities celebrates the end of our first year, and we recommit to integrating knowledge across disciplines, sectors and contexts.
{"title":"From local to global and in between, urban context counts","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00182-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00182-x","url":null,"abstract":"As urbanization affects planet Earth and humanity with ever more poignant and confounding implications, Nature Cities celebrates the end of our first year, and we recommit to integrating knowledge across disciplines, sectors and contexts.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 12","pages":"801-801"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44284-024-00182-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00156-z
Yongxuan Li, Yujia Bao, Ne Qiang, Min Zhong, Zheshen Han, Yuanyuan Li, Yanqiu Zhou, Jingqi Zhou, Xiaobei Deng, Chen Shen, Lefei Han, Jinjun Ran
Ambient benzene is a volatile anthropogenic pollutant and known carcinogen associated with industrialization and urbanization. Benzene is a natural constituent of petroleum, so cities, which concentrate combustion through industrial activity, transit and heating, generate a great deal. In addition to causing cancer, theory also predicts that benzene may chronically affect the human brain, even at a low level (<5 µg m−3). In this study, we estimated associations of ambient benzene exposure before 2010 with brain disorders (261,909 participants) and brain imaging phenotypes (23,911 participants) in urban residents in the UK (enrolled during 2006–2010 and followed up to 2022). The results show that ambient benzene (per interquartile range increment of 0.30 µg m−3) is associated with elevated risks of dementia (hazard ratio, 1.18; 95% confidence intervals, 1.09 to 1.28), major depression (1.09; 1.03 to 1.14) and anxiety disorder (1.16; 1.10 to 1.22). Neuroimaging analysis highlighted the associations with brain structures, including the thalamus and the superior temporal gyrus. This study provides population-level evidence of the effect of ambient benzene on brain disorders in urban populations, critical for risk assessments, air quality and health guidelines, and sustainable-development efforts as the world urbanizes. Cities and urbanization concentrate benzene, a carcinogen and brain toxin found in petroleum. This study estimated associations between benzene exposure and brain disorders in urban adults in the UK, finding elevated risks of dementia, major depression and anxiety disorder even at low benzene levels.
{"title":"Long-term exposure to ambient benzene and brain disorders among urban adults","authors":"Yongxuan Li, Yujia Bao, Ne Qiang, Min Zhong, Zheshen Han, Yuanyuan Li, Yanqiu Zhou, Jingqi Zhou, Xiaobei Deng, Chen Shen, Lefei Han, Jinjun Ran","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00156-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00156-z","url":null,"abstract":"Ambient benzene is a volatile anthropogenic pollutant and known carcinogen associated with industrialization and urbanization. Benzene is a natural constituent of petroleum, so cities, which concentrate combustion through industrial activity, transit and heating, generate a great deal. In addition to causing cancer, theory also predicts that benzene may chronically affect the human brain, even at a low level (<5 µg m−3). In this study, we estimated associations of ambient benzene exposure before 2010 with brain disorders (261,909 participants) and brain imaging phenotypes (23,911 participants) in urban residents in the UK (enrolled during 2006–2010 and followed up to 2022). The results show that ambient benzene (per interquartile range increment of 0.30 µg m−3) is associated with elevated risks of dementia (hazard ratio, 1.18; 95% confidence intervals, 1.09 to 1.28), major depression (1.09; 1.03 to 1.14) and anxiety disorder (1.16; 1.10 to 1.22). Neuroimaging analysis highlighted the associations with brain structures, including the thalamus and the superior temporal gyrus. This study provides population-level evidence of the effect of ambient benzene on brain disorders in urban populations, critical for risk assessments, air quality and health guidelines, and sustainable-development efforts as the world urbanizes. Cities and urbanization concentrate benzene, a carcinogen and brain toxin found in petroleum. This study estimated associations between benzene exposure and brain disorders in urban adults in the UK, finding elevated risks of dementia, major depression and anxiety disorder even at low benzene levels.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 12","pages":"830-841"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-12DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00157-y
Yichen Yang, Chang Cao, Ivan Bogoev, Cosima Deetman, Grace Dietz, Jian Hang, Logan Howard, Xinjie Huang, Nicholas Kendall, Justin Lai, Hainan Lam, Kristen Tam, Christopher Yoo, Keer Zhang, Xuhui Lee
Green spaces are a common strategy for adaptation to urban warming. Whereas they have been demonstrated to reduce air temperature, much less is known about their effect on air humidity. Because human heat stress is contributed by both temperature and humidity, it is important to quantify the relationship between the effects of both. Here, using mobile measurements in 15 cities, we show that the daytime temperature effect is negatively correlated with the humidity effect, resulting in an insignificant change in the wet-bulb temperature Tw or humid heat (daytime Tw difference between green space and built-up area ΔTw = −0.01 °C). A net reduction in humid heat was observed at night in intermediate (summer precipitation 180 to 570 mm) and wet climates (summer precipitation > 570 mm; mean ΔTw = −0.35 °C). A model simulation revealed that the nighttime Tw reduction resulted mostly from reduction in soil heat storage in vegetated land. These nuanced microclimate responses to urban vegetation caution against a one-size-fits-all solution to climate adaptation. Green spaces are known to help cool cities, but they contribute humidity while reducing heat—and both matter. Using smart sensors mounted on bicycles, this study finds that daytime temperature reductions in urban green spaces are largely offset by humidity increases but that urban vegetation causes a net reduction in humid heat at night.
{"title":"Regulation of humid heat by urban green space across a climate wetness gradient","authors":"Yichen Yang, Chang Cao, Ivan Bogoev, Cosima Deetman, Grace Dietz, Jian Hang, Logan Howard, Xinjie Huang, Nicholas Kendall, Justin Lai, Hainan Lam, Kristen Tam, Christopher Yoo, Keer Zhang, Xuhui Lee","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00157-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00157-y","url":null,"abstract":"Green spaces are a common strategy for adaptation to urban warming. Whereas they have been demonstrated to reduce air temperature, much less is known about their effect on air humidity. Because human heat stress is contributed by both temperature and humidity, it is important to quantify the relationship between the effects of both. Here, using mobile measurements in 15 cities, we show that the daytime temperature effect is negatively correlated with the humidity effect, resulting in an insignificant change in the wet-bulb temperature Tw or humid heat (daytime Tw difference between green space and built-up area ΔTw = −0.01 °C). A net reduction in humid heat was observed at night in intermediate (summer precipitation 180 to 570 mm) and wet climates (summer precipitation > 570 mm; mean ΔTw = −0.35 °C). A model simulation revealed that the nighttime Tw reduction resulted mostly from reduction in soil heat storage in vegetated land. These nuanced microclimate responses to urban vegetation caution against a one-size-fits-all solution to climate adaptation. Green spaces are known to help cool cities, but they contribute humidity while reducing heat—and both matter. Using smart sensors mounted on bicycles, this study finds that daytime temperature reductions in urban green spaces are largely offset by humidity increases but that urban vegetation causes a net reduction in humid heat at night.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 12","pages":"871-879"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00166-x
A mixed-methods study of crime in the English city of Nottingham shows that the presence of a governance-type organized criminal group helped to reduce ordinary crime in the immediate area.
{"title":"Criminal governance and social order in Nottingham, England","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00166-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00166-x","url":null,"abstract":"A mixed-methods study of crime in the English city of Nottingham shows that the presence of a governance-type organized criminal group helped to reduce ordinary crime in the immediate area.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 12","pages":"809-810"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00153-2
Richelle L. Winkler, Jeffrey A. G. Clark, Dexter H. Locke, Peleg Kremer, Myla F. J. Aronson, Fushcia-Ann Hoover, Hogyeum Evan Joo, Daniele La Rosa, KangJae Jerry Lee, Susannah B. Lerman, Hamil Pearsall, Timothy L. V. Vargo, Charles H. Nilon, Christopher A. Lepczyk
Urban parks provide vital social, environmental and health benefits to residents. However, the spatial distribution of parks, and the amenities they provide, may not be equitably distributed within cities. We examine the accessibility of urban parks with different social, environmental and health amenities by race and ethnicity. We identified 122,988 urban parks across the USA, measured the racial/ethnic population distribution within a 10-min walkshed around each park and compared these distributions to the overall demographics of the city. We found that the spatial distribution of parks as well as park amenities differ according to the neighborhood demographics. Racial/ethnic compositions of neighborhoods surrounding parks tend to be whiter than other parts of the same cities, though there are regional differences. Parks in predominantly white neighborhoods are cooler in the summer and have more tree cover compared with parks in neighborhoods with greater proportions of Hispanic and Black residents. Differences in amenities hold across regions of the country. Our study demonstrates that inequities in access to high-quality parks are widespread across the USA. Parks provide deep value to urban residents, but the distribution of those services is unclear. This study finds that US urban residents have unequal access to the crucial environmental, social and health amenities of urban parks.
{"title":"Unequal access to social, environmental and health amenities in US urban parks","authors":"Richelle L. Winkler, Jeffrey A. G. Clark, Dexter H. Locke, Peleg Kremer, Myla F. J. Aronson, Fushcia-Ann Hoover, Hogyeum Evan Joo, Daniele La Rosa, KangJae Jerry Lee, Susannah B. Lerman, Hamil Pearsall, Timothy L. V. Vargo, Charles H. Nilon, Christopher A. Lepczyk","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00153-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00153-2","url":null,"abstract":"Urban parks provide vital social, environmental and health benefits to residents. However, the spatial distribution of parks, and the amenities they provide, may not be equitably distributed within cities. We examine the accessibility of urban parks with different social, environmental and health amenities by race and ethnicity. We identified 122,988 urban parks across the USA, measured the racial/ethnic population distribution within a 10-min walkshed around each park and compared these distributions to the overall demographics of the city. We found that the spatial distribution of parks as well as park amenities differ according to the neighborhood demographics. Racial/ethnic compositions of neighborhoods surrounding parks tend to be whiter than other parts of the same cities, though there are regional differences. Parks in predominantly white neighborhoods are cooler in the summer and have more tree cover compared with parks in neighborhoods with greater proportions of Hispanic and Black residents. Differences in amenities hold across regions of the country. Our study demonstrates that inequities in access to high-quality parks are widespread across the USA. Parks provide deep value to urban residents, but the distribution of those services is unclear. This study finds that US urban residents have unequal access to the crucial environmental, social and health amenities of urban parks.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 12","pages":"861-870"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00162-1
Maryia Bakhtsiyarava, Mika Moran, Yang Ju, Yuquan Zhou, Daniel A. Rodriguez, Iryna Dronova, Maria de Fatima Rodrigues Pereira de Pina, Vanderlei Pascoal de Matos, Daniel Albert Skaba
Urban green spaces play a critical role in regulating air temperature, reducing air pollution and enhancing people’s well being. Yet, existing data and research on potential drivers of urban green space availability in Latin America are limited. Here, focusing on 371 large cities in 11 countries in Latin America, we described the total and per capita variability of urban green space, its spatial configuration and green urban parks across the categories of cities’ natural, built and socioeconomic environments. We tested the relative importance of geographic (climate) versus city-level built environment (population, population density, street intersection density) and socioeconomic (city gross domestic product per capita, unemployment, education) drivers in explaining urban green space availability. We found a high level of heterogeneity in green space quantity across cities and across categories of cities’ environments. Relative to other city factors, climate zone had the largest influence in explaining the quantity of green space, whereas education, street intersection density and population density were the most important drivers of urban park availability. The significance of climate for green space availability, combined with the inequitable quantity of green space, indicates that cities have differing capacities to implement nature-based solutions for heat mitigation and health promotion. This study compiles detailed data on urban green spaces and analyzes the quantity and spatial configuration of green spaces in 371 cities in 11 countries in Latin America. Although there is high heterogeneity, climate seems to be the main determinant of differences in green space amount among cities compared with socioeconomic conditions and the built environment.
{"title":"Potential drivers of urban green space availability in Latin American cities","authors":"Maryia Bakhtsiyarava, Mika Moran, Yang Ju, Yuquan Zhou, Daniel A. Rodriguez, Iryna Dronova, Maria de Fatima Rodrigues Pereira de Pina, Vanderlei Pascoal de Matos, Daniel Albert Skaba","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00162-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00162-1","url":null,"abstract":"Urban green spaces play a critical role in regulating air temperature, reducing air pollution and enhancing people’s well being. Yet, existing data and research on potential drivers of urban green space availability in Latin America are limited. Here, focusing on 371 large cities in 11 countries in Latin America, we described the total and per capita variability of urban green space, its spatial configuration and green urban parks across the categories of cities’ natural, built and socioeconomic environments. We tested the relative importance of geographic (climate) versus city-level built environment (population, population density, street intersection density) and socioeconomic (city gross domestic product per capita, unemployment, education) drivers in explaining urban green space availability. We found a high level of heterogeneity in green space quantity across cities and across categories of cities’ environments. Relative to other city factors, climate zone had the largest influence in explaining the quantity of green space, whereas education, street intersection density and population density were the most important drivers of urban park availability. The significance of climate for green space availability, combined with the inequitable quantity of green space, indicates that cities have differing capacities to implement nature-based solutions for heat mitigation and health promotion. This study compiles detailed data on urban green spaces and analyzes the quantity and spatial configuration of green spaces in 371 cities in 11 countries in Latin America. Although there is high heterogeneity, climate seems to be the main determinant of differences in green space amount among cities compared with socioeconomic conditions and the built environment.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 12","pages":"842-852"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44284-024-00162-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-05DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00164-z
Drawing on unique survey and administrative data from more than 800 organizations in 5 cities worldwide, this study shows how civil society organizations adapt their integrative practices to the neighborhoods in which they are located. Organizations in low-income neighborhoods emphasize social connections, whereas those in affluent, migrant-rich neighborhoods prioritize access to institutions.
{"title":"Neighborhood contexts shape how organizations connect communities","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00164-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00164-z","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on unique survey and administrative data from more than 800 organizations in 5 cities worldwide, this study shows how civil society organizations adapt their integrative practices to the neighborhoods in which they are located. Organizations in low-income neighborhoods emphasize social connections, whereas those in affluent, migrant-rich neighborhoods prioritize access to institutions.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 12","pages":"811-812"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00174-x
Charles H. Simpson, Oscar Brousse, Tim Taylor, James Grellier, Jonathon Taylor, Lora E. Fleming, Mike Davies, Clare Heaviside
{"title":"Author Correction: Modeled temperature, mortality impact and external benefits of cool roofs and rooftop photovoltaics in London","authors":"Charles H. Simpson, Oscar Brousse, Tim Taylor, James Grellier, Jonathon Taylor, Lora E. Fleming, Mike Davies, Clare Heaviside","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00174-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00174-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 12","pages":"888-888"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44284-024-00174-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00160-3
Xi Lu
Humans have a natural bond with water, which is reflected in the universal principle of ‘living and prospering by water’. Landscape architect and educator Xi Lu shares the story of the Xiangxi River in the water city of Suzhou and considers human–water interactions over time.
{"title":"Life by the Xiangxi River","authors":"Xi Lu","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00160-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00160-3","url":null,"abstract":"Humans have a natural bond with water, which is reflected in the universal principle of ‘living and prospering by water’. Landscape architect and educator Xi Lu shares the story of the Xiangxi River in the water city of Suzhou and considers human–water interactions over time.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 12","pages":"889-889"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00158-x
Ardaman Kaur, André Leite Rodrigues, Sarah Hoogstraten, Diego Andrés Blanco-Mora, Bruno Miranda, Paulo Morgado, Dar Meshi
Urbanization is increasing worldwide, and neuroscience research can be conducted to better understand our behavior within, and the effects of, urban environments. In line with this, we conducted a neuroimaging study to ascertain whether brain activity in a small sample of individuals can predict population-level visits around an urban space—in our case, Lisbon, Portugal. We used the density of photographs around Lisbon as a proxy measure of these visits, obtaining 160 geotagged images from the social media platform Flickr to use as stimuli. Participants in the USA who had never visited Lisbon viewed these images while we recorded their brain activity. We found that activity within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex predicted the density of photographs around Lisbon, and hence, population-level visits. Our results highlight the role of reward-related brain regions in shaping human behavior within urban environments and can aid in designing cities that promote sustainable living. As the world urbanizes, we need better understanding of how urbanization and urban environments affect people cognitively. This study uses human brain activity, assessed using functional magnetic resonance imaging, to predict the number of visits to various locations within Lisbon, Portugal, when exposed to geotagged images from Flickr.
{"title":"Functional brain imaging and population-level visits to urban spaces","authors":"Ardaman Kaur, André Leite Rodrigues, Sarah Hoogstraten, Diego Andrés Blanco-Mora, Bruno Miranda, Paulo Morgado, Dar Meshi","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00158-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00158-x","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization is increasing worldwide, and neuroscience research can be conducted to better understand our behavior within, and the effects of, urban environments. In line with this, we conducted a neuroimaging study to ascertain whether brain activity in a small sample of individuals can predict population-level visits around an urban space—in our case, Lisbon, Portugal. We used the density of photographs around Lisbon as a proxy measure of these visits, obtaining 160 geotagged images from the social media platform Flickr to use as stimuli. Participants in the USA who had never visited Lisbon viewed these images while we recorded their brain activity. We found that activity within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex predicted the density of photographs around Lisbon, and hence, population-level visits. Our results highlight the role of reward-related brain regions in shaping human behavior within urban environments and can aid in designing cities that promote sustainable living. As the world urbanizes, we need better understanding of how urbanization and urban environments affect people cognitively. This study uses human brain activity, assessed using functional magnetic resonance imaging, to predict the number of visits to various locations within Lisbon, Portugal, when exposed to geotagged images from Flickr.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 12","pages":"880-887"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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