Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00161-2
Federico Varese, Fanqi Zeng
Studies of organized crime in cities have traditionally concentrated on the global south or ethnic enclaves and traditional mafia territories within the global north. Here this study turns its attention to governance-type organized crime in the English city of Nottingham, where the main protagonists are white and British born. It investigates whether such a gang can govern communities by reducing ordinary crimes. We conduct in-depth interviews with local officials and analyze a novel dataset of the public’s phone calls to the Nottingham police from 2012 to 2019, encompassing spatio-temporal information and police-labeled crime types. We identify Nottingham’s ward of Bestwood as the site of an entrenched, governance-type organized crime group, whereas its most similar ward, Bulwell, is not. Further comparative analyses indicate that certain ordinary crime rates are significantly lower in Bestwood than in Bulwell. We conclude that governance-type organized crime can emerge in a country with a high capacity to police and in a nonimmigrant, less affluent community. Our findings suggest that traditional explanations of the emergence of criminal governance in cities need to be revisited. This study used a mixed-methods approach to map out crime patterns over time in Nottingham. It found that the district of Bestwood, the site of a large governance-type organized crime group, has lower crime rates in certain categories than comparable districts with no such group.
{"title":"The relationship between social order and crime in Nottingham, England","authors":"Federico Varese, Fanqi Zeng","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00161-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00161-2","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of organized crime in cities have traditionally concentrated on the global south or ethnic enclaves and traditional mafia territories within the global north. Here this study turns its attention to governance-type organized crime in the English city of Nottingham, where the main protagonists are white and British born. It investigates whether such a gang can govern communities by reducing ordinary crimes. We conduct in-depth interviews with local officials and analyze a novel dataset of the public’s phone calls to the Nottingham police from 2012 to 2019, encompassing spatio-temporal information and police-labeled crime types. We identify Nottingham’s ward of Bestwood as the site of an entrenched, governance-type organized crime group, whereas its most similar ward, Bulwell, is not. Further comparative analyses indicate that certain ordinary crime rates are significantly lower in Bestwood than in Bulwell. We conclude that governance-type organized crime can emerge in a country with a high capacity to police and in a nonimmigrant, less affluent community. Our findings suggest that traditional explanations of the emergence of criminal governance in cities need to be revisited. This study used a mixed-methods approach to map out crime patterns over time in Nottingham. It found that the district of Bestwood, the site of a large governance-type organized crime group, has lower crime rates in certain categories than comparable districts with no such group.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 12","pages":"821-829"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44284-024-00161-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00154-1
Christof Brandtner, Krystal Laryea, Gowun Park, Wei Luo, Michael Meyer, David Suárez, Hokyu Hwang, Walter W. Powell
Organizational practices, such as interacting with and advocating for constituents or engaging in event hosting and collaboration, are critical to integration—creating connections across lines of difference. However, these practices are unevenly distributed across neighborhoods and shaped by neighborhood characteristics. Here, connecting organizational and neighborhood-level data, this study explores how neighborhood affluence (income) and heterogeneity (migrant population share) affect the integrative practices among civil society organizations. Using unique survey data from five global cities, we analyze the organizational practices of 863 civil society organizations in 536 neighborhoods. We find that social integration practices—connecting people to each other—are more prevalent in poorer neighborhoods. Conversely, systemic integration practices—connecting people and organizations to other organizations in the ecosystem—are more common in heterogeneous neighborhoods, especially when they are affluent. These findings shed light on the role of organizations in promoting social cohesion and economic development as well as disparities in integrative practices among neighborhoods. To understand how organizations produce urban integration, that is, connections across lines of difference, Brandtner et al. conducted a survey of 863 civil society organizations in five global cities: San Francisco, Seattle, Shenzhen, Sydney and Vienna. They find that neighborhood income and the share of migrant populations are associated with whether organizational practices aim at connecting people or institutions.
{"title":"Neighborhood effects on integrative organizational practices in five global cities","authors":"Christof Brandtner, Krystal Laryea, Gowun Park, Wei Luo, Michael Meyer, David Suárez, Hokyu Hwang, Walter W. Powell","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00154-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00154-1","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational practices, such as interacting with and advocating for constituents or engaging in event hosting and collaboration, are critical to integration—creating connections across lines of difference. However, these practices are unevenly distributed across neighborhoods and shaped by neighborhood characteristics. Here, connecting organizational and neighborhood-level data, this study explores how neighborhood affluence (income) and heterogeneity (migrant population share) affect the integrative practices among civil society organizations. Using unique survey data from five global cities, we analyze the organizational practices of 863 civil society organizations in 536 neighborhoods. We find that social integration practices—connecting people to each other—are more prevalent in poorer neighborhoods. Conversely, systemic integration practices—connecting people and organizations to other organizations in the ecosystem—are more common in heterogeneous neighborhoods, especially when they are affluent. These findings shed light on the role of organizations in promoting social cohesion and economic development as well as disparities in integrative practices among neighborhoods. To understand how organizations produce urban integration, that is, connections across lines of difference, Brandtner et al. conducted a survey of 863 civil society organizations in five global cities: San Francisco, Seattle, Shenzhen, Sydney and Vienna. They find that neighborhood income and the share of migrant populations are associated with whether organizational practices aim at connecting people or institutions.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 12","pages":"853-860"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00155-0
Floris Vermeulen
Urban inequality is rising, but neighborhood organizations can help to resist this problem. A groundbreaking study of the effects that neighborhoods have on civil society organizations shares data and insights to combat uneven resource distribution in cities.
{"title":"Organizing against urban inequality","authors":"Floris Vermeulen","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00155-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00155-0","url":null,"abstract":"Urban inequality is rising, but neighborhood organizations can help to resist this problem. A groundbreaking study of the effects that neighborhoods have on civil society organizations shares data and insights to combat uneven resource distribution in cities.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 12","pages":"808-808"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"We all need a piazza","authors":"Cindy Skach","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00144-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00144-3","url":null,"abstract":"City piazzas, physical centers of civic life, are back again as both characteristic of and essential to democratic practice, argues Cindy Skach.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 11","pages":"718-719"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00165-y
Laura Young, Sarah Crowe, Sue Dawson, Husam AlWaer, Rebecca Wade
{"title":"Polls, planning and the potential for people and planet","authors":"Laura Young, Sarah Crowe, Sue Dawson, Husam AlWaer, Rebecca Wade","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00165-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00165-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 12","pages":"802-803"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00146-1
Meirong Su
Cities support our production and daily life and carry our joys and sorrows. Researcher, resident and traveler Meirong Su expresses her concern about the gradual loss of urban personality during continuous urban construction and proposes that we should care for cities like we care for our children.
{"title":"Constructing cities like cultivating our children","authors":"Meirong Su","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00146-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00146-1","url":null,"abstract":"Cities support our production and daily life and carry our joys and sorrows. Researcher, resident and traveler Meirong Su expresses her concern about the gradual loss of urban personality during continuous urban construction and proposes that we should care for cities like we care for our children.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 11","pages":"720-721"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00141-6
Qiyang Liu
Just as people come of age, so do cities. Reflecting on his own history, researcher Qiyang Liu explores the changing face of China’s cities and reflects on the human price of urban progress.
{"title":"Mercy for growing cities in China","authors":"Qiyang Liu","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00141-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00141-6","url":null,"abstract":"Just as people come of age, so do cities. Reflecting on his own history, researcher Qiyang Liu explores the changing face of China’s cities and reflects on the human price of urban progress.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 11","pages":"800-800"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The beautification of urban facades in China often includes covers for the outdoor units of air conditioners. Although these covers improve cityscapes, they reduce cooling efficiency, increase noise pollution, risk system failures and embody carbon emissions. A call urges rethinking their necessity, and presses for sustainable, efficient design to counteract extreme heat.
{"title":"The hidden costs of concealing outdoor air conditioning units","authors":"Wei Wang, Yuwen Deng, Jiyuan Wu, Zhe Wang, Hailu Wei, Qinran Hu, Tianzhen Hong, Tao Qian","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00148-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00148-z","url":null,"abstract":"The beautification of urban facades in China often includes covers for the outdoor units of air conditioners. Although these covers improve cityscapes, they reduce cooling efficiency, increase noise pollution, risk system failures and embody carbon emissions. A call urges rethinking their necessity, and presses for sustainable, efficient design to counteract extreme heat.","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 11","pages":"722-724"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1038/s44284-024-00143-4
Qiming Zheng
{"title":"Seeing the unseen in cities at night","authors":"Qiming Zheng","doi":"10.1038/s44284-024-00143-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44284-024-00143-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501700,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cities","volume":"1 11","pages":"725-726"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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