Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology最新文献

Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases and is estimated to be severe in 3%-10% of affected patients. There is a need for additional biologic treatments that are highly efficacious across the spectrum of severe uncontrolled asthma. Currently available drugs inhibit 1 or 2 specific cytokines or IgE antibodies and thus only partially suppress the complex type 2 (T2) inflammatory cascade. Biologics targeting more upstream molecules in the pathophysiological pathway of asthma could treat asthma more effectively. Tezepelumab is a human monoclonal immunoglobulin G2λ antibody that targets the cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). It is the first marketed biologic against an epithelial cell-derived cytokine, preventing binding of TSLP to its receptor and reducing the immune stimuli that TSLP can trigger in different asthma endotypes. Tezepelumab reduces downstream biomarkers of inflammation, such as blood and airway eosinophils, FeNO, IgE, IL-5, and IL-13. Tezepelumab provides a clinical benefit in severe asthma, reducing the annualized asthma exacerbation rate in patients with either high or low levels of biomarkers of T2 inflammation, although the effect is greater among those with high levels. The drug has been shown to improve asthma control, quality of life, and lung function and reduce airway hyperresponsiveness. Therefore, tezepelumab can be used across the spectrum of patients with severe uncontrolled asthma, especially in T2-high patients. This review includes a positioning statement by the authors, all of whom are members of the SEAIC Asthma Committee.

Plant species vary under different climatic conditions and the distribution of pollen in the air. Trends in pollen distribution can be used to assess the impact of climate change on public health. In 2015, the Mobile Airways Sentinel networK for rhinitis and asthma (MASK-air®) was launched as a project of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP-on-AHA, DG Santé and DG CONNECT). This project aimed to develop a warning system to inform patients about the onset of the pollen season, namely, the System for Integrated modeLling of Atmospheric coMposition (SILAM). A global-to-meso-scale dispersion model was developed by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI). It provides quantitative information on atmospheric pollution of anthropogenic and natural origins, particularly on allergenic pollens. Impact of Air Pollution on Asthma and Rhinitis (POLLAR, EIT Health) has combined MASK-air clinical data with SILAM forecasts. A new Horizon Europe grant (Climate Action to Advance HeaLthY Societies in Europe [CATALYSE]; grant agreement number 101057131), which came into force in September 2022, aims to improve our understanding of climate change and help us find ways to counteractit. One objective of this project is to develop early warning systems and predictive models to improve the effectiveness of strategies for adapting to climate change. One of the warning systems is focused on allergic rhinitis (CATALYSE Task 3.2), with a collaboration between the FMI (Finland), Porto University (Portugal), MASK-air SAS (France), ISGlobal (Spain), Hertie School (Germany), and the University of Zurich (Switzerland). It is to be implemented with the support of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. This paper reports the planning of CATALYSE Task 3.2.