Sonja Mudri-Stojnić, Andrijana Andrić, Zsolt Józan, Laura Likov, Tamara Tot, Ana Grković, Ante Vujić
Numerous scientific projects have been initiated with the aim of tackling the decline in insect pollinators, a crucial group for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. One of the first steps is to address information gaps on species spatial distribution, diversity, and abundance that prevent effective conservation actions in Europe. Given that Serbia belongs to the understudied areas, efforts are being made to improve knowledge of its bee diversity and abundance. The present study includes the monitoring of bees at 54 sites, surveyed three times during 2022. The conducted protocol combined two methods, transect walks and pan traps, resulting in the discovery of 312 bee species. The main results present the records of 25 species, not previously mentioned in Serbia, while another important finding is the confirmation of the presence of 26 species, without any available records from the 21 st century. Moreover, 79 here examined species were known only from literature-based data. Six of the recorded species are considered threatened and 67 (10 newly recorded) have been assessed as Data Deficient in the European Red List of Bees. Therefore, the present study not only contributes to an update and confirms the list of bee species in Serbia, that now counts 731 species, but also provides additional information about European distribution, required for new assessment at the European level. In addition, the results indicate that the combination of complementary sampling methods is an effective way to assess bee diversity and abundance.
{"title":"New records for the wild bee fauna (Hymenoptera, Anthophila) of Serbia","authors":"Sonja Mudri-Stojnić, Andrijana Andrić, Zsolt Józan, Laura Likov, Tamara Tot, Ana Grković, Ante Vujić","doi":"10.3897/jhr.96.107595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.107595","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous scientific projects have been initiated with the aim of tackling the decline in insect pollinators, a crucial group for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. One of the first steps is to address information gaps on species spatial distribution, diversity, and abundance that prevent effective conservation actions in Europe. Given that Serbia belongs to the understudied areas, efforts are being made to improve knowledge of its bee diversity and abundance. The present study includes the monitoring of bees at 54 sites, surveyed three times during 2022. The conducted protocol combined two methods, transect walks and pan traps, resulting in the discovery of 312 bee species. The main results present the records of 25 species, not previously mentioned in Serbia, while another important finding is the confirmation of the presence of 26 species, without any available records from the 21 st century. Moreover, 79 here examined species were known only from literature-based data. Six of the recorded species are considered threatened and 67 (10 newly recorded) have been assessed as Data Deficient in the European Red List of Bees. Therefore, the present study not only contributes to an update and confirms the list of bee species in Serbia, that now counts 731 species, but also provides additional information about European distribution, required for new assessment at the European level. In addition, the results indicate that the combination of complementary sampling methods is an effective way to assess bee diversity and abundance.","PeriodicalId":50185,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hymenoptera Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136210347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kittipum Chansri, Kanoktip Somsiri, Donald L. J. Quicke, Buntika A. Butcher
The first record of the Darwin wasp, Cyrtorhyssa moellerii Bingham, 1898 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea, Rhyssinae) from Thailand is presented. Members of both sexes are fully described and illustrated. The biology of C. moellerii , a parasitoid of the pleasing fungus beetle Encaustes opaca Crotch, 1876 (Coleoptera, Erotylidae), is reported for the first time. Hosts were associated with standing deadwood of Anthoshorea henryana (Pierre ex Laness.) P. S. Ashton & J. Heck (Dipterocarpaceae) in dry evergreen forest, Nakhon Ratchasima province, northeastern Thailand. DNA barcodes (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 sequence (COI)) were generated for both host and parasitoid and phylogenetic trees constructed for these and other members of the same family and subfamily respectively. A key is provided to separate the three known species of Cyrtorhyssa . This is the first confirmed host record for a tropical species of Rhyssinae as well as the first from Erotylidae.
{"title":"First confirmed parasitism of pleasing fungus beetles (Coleoptera, Erotylidae) by a tropical rhyssine ichneumonid, and first record for Cyrtorhyssa moellerii Bingham (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from Thailand","authors":"Kittipum Chansri, Kanoktip Somsiri, Donald L. J. Quicke, Buntika A. Butcher","doi":"10.3897/jhr.96.107196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.107196","url":null,"abstract":"The first record of the Darwin wasp, Cyrtorhyssa moellerii Bingham, 1898 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea, Rhyssinae) from Thailand is presented. Members of both sexes are fully described and illustrated. The biology of C. moellerii , a parasitoid of the pleasing fungus beetle Encaustes opaca Crotch, 1876 (Coleoptera, Erotylidae), is reported for the first time. Hosts were associated with standing deadwood of Anthoshorea henryana (Pierre ex Laness.) P. S. Ashton & J. Heck (Dipterocarpaceae) in dry evergreen forest, Nakhon Ratchasima province, northeastern Thailand. DNA barcodes (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 sequence (COI)) were generated for both host and parasitoid and phylogenetic trees constructed for these and other members of the same family and subfamily respectively. A key is provided to separate the three known species of Cyrtorhyssa . This is the first confirmed host record for a tropical species of Rhyssinae as well as the first from Erotylidae.","PeriodicalId":50185,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hymenoptera Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136099467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marilena Marconi, Daniel Ushiñahua Ramírez, Agustín Cerna Mendoza, Carlos Daniel Vecco-Giove, Javier Ormeño Luna, Liliia Baikova, Andrea Di Giulio, Emiliano Mancini
Stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Meliponini) are a large and diverse group including 59 extant groups, representing the main pollinators of Amazon forests. Among those, Trigona is one of the largest endemic genera of Neotropical Meliponini. In this work, we updated the molecular phylogeny of Trigona proposed by Rasmussen and Camargo (2008), including data from 59 new specimens collected in 2020 in the forests of northern Peru, through a multigene phylogenetic approach combining sequences from four gene fragments (16S, ArgK, EF-1a, opsin). Our results confirmed the monophyly of Trigona and of all proposed subgenera, except Aphaneura . In addition, most Trigona species-groups resulted monophyletic but the ‘ spinipes ’ and ‘ pallens ’ groups appeared paraphyletic and polyphyletic, respectively. Moreover, the cohesion of the “ fulviventris ” species group was hindered by the inclusion of T. williana (previously included in the “ pallens ” group) within this clade. Finally, we provided further evidence for a subdivision into two (geographically) distinct clades within T. guianae in northern Peruvian Amazon, which highlighted the importance of Neotropical biogeographical barriers in Meliponini divergence and evolution. Finally, to avoid misidentifications of Trigona specimens, the need for a robust taxonomic revision based on a cladistic approach of the whole genus is discussed.
{"title":"An updated molecular phylogeny of the stingless bees of the genus Trigona (Hymenoptera, Meliponini) of the northern Peruvian forests","authors":"Marilena Marconi, Daniel Ushiñahua Ramírez, Agustín Cerna Mendoza, Carlos Daniel Vecco-Giove, Javier Ormeño Luna, Liliia Baikova, Andrea Di Giulio, Emiliano Mancini","doi":"10.3897/jhr.96.105311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.105311","url":null,"abstract":"Stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Meliponini) are a large and diverse group including 59 extant groups, representing the main pollinators of Amazon forests. Among those, Trigona is one of the largest endemic genera of Neotropical Meliponini. In this work, we updated the molecular phylogeny of Trigona proposed by Rasmussen and Camargo (2008), including data from 59 new specimens collected in 2020 in the forests of northern Peru, through a multigene phylogenetic approach combining sequences from four gene fragments (16S, ArgK, EF-1a, opsin). Our results confirmed the monophyly of Trigona and of all proposed subgenera, except Aphaneura . In addition, most Trigona species-groups resulted monophyletic but the ‘ spinipes ’ and ‘ pallens ’ groups appeared paraphyletic and polyphyletic, respectively. Moreover, the cohesion of the “ fulviventris ” species group was hindered by the inclusion of T. williana (previously included in the “ pallens ” group) within this clade. Finally, we provided further evidence for a subdivision into two (geographically) distinct clades within T. guianae in northern Peruvian Amazon, which highlighted the importance of Neotropical biogeographical barriers in Meliponini divergence and evolution. Finally, to avoid misidentifications of Trigona specimens, the need for a robust taxonomic revision based on a cladistic approach of the whole genus is discussed.","PeriodicalId":50185,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hymenoptera Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136210807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sergey P. Ivanov, Alexander V. Fateryga, Andreas Müller
Two nests of Hoplitis curvipes are described from Apulia (Italy) and Dagestan (Russia). Both nests consisted of two brood cells placed side by side under a stone. The cells were neither attached to each other nor to the substrate. They were constructed from leaf fragments, which were imbricately arranged, forming a cone-like structure; each leaf fragment consisted of a basal part that was masticated to leaf pulp and an apical part that protruded freely from the cell wall. The cell wall was formed by the fusion of the masticated basal parts of the leaf fragments and thus entirely consisted of leaf pulp. The cell was sealed with a closing plug made of pure leaf pulp; a few leaf fragments were glued to its outer surface. The cocoon consisted of two layers: the outer layer was restricted to the anterior portion of the cell and had several longitudinal air-exchange slits on its lateral surface, while the inner layer had an air-exchange orifice in its most anterior dome-shaped top. Results of measurements of brood cell dimensions and contents are provided. The nesting biology of species of the H. curvipes group is discussed.
{"title":"Brood cells like conifer cones: the peculiar nesting biology of the osmiine bee Hoplitis (Alcidamea) curvipes (Morawitz, 1871) (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)","authors":"Sergey P. Ivanov, Alexander V. Fateryga, Andreas Müller","doi":"10.3897/jhr.96.109587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.109587","url":null,"abstract":"Two nests of Hoplitis curvipes are described from Apulia (Italy) and Dagestan (Russia). Both nests consisted of two brood cells placed side by side under a stone. The cells were neither attached to each other nor to the substrate. They were constructed from leaf fragments, which were imbricately arranged, forming a cone-like structure; each leaf fragment consisted of a basal part that was masticated to leaf pulp and an apical part that protruded freely from the cell wall. The cell wall was formed by the fusion of the masticated basal parts of the leaf fragments and thus entirely consisted of leaf pulp. The cell was sealed with a closing plug made of pure leaf pulp; a few leaf fragments were glued to its outer surface. The cocoon consisted of two layers: the outer layer was restricted to the anterior portion of the cell and had several longitudinal air-exchange slits on its lateral surface, while the inner layer had an air-exchange orifice in its most anterior dome-shaped top. Results of measurements of brood cell dimensions and contents are provided. The nesting biology of species of the H. curvipes group is discussed.","PeriodicalId":50185,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hymenoptera Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135814997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new crown wasp species, Megischus shixiangi Ge & Tan, sp. nov. from Vietnam (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae), is described and illustrated. In addition, M. kuafu Ge & Tan is first recorded in Vietnam. A distribution map of the Vietnamese species is provided.
{"title":"A new species and a new record species of Megischus Brullé (Hymenoptera, Stephanidae) from Vietnam","authors":"Si-Xun Ge, Li-Li Ren, Jiang-Li Tan","doi":"10.3897/jhr.96.107502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.107502","url":null,"abstract":"A new crown wasp species, Megischus shixiangi Ge & Tan, sp. nov. from Vietnam (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae), is described and illustrated. In addition, M. kuafu Ge & Tan is first recorded in Vietnam. A distribution map of the Vietnamese species is provided.","PeriodicalId":50185,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hymenoptera Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135979612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper one new species namely Eumenes ferruapiculussp. nov., from Yunnan (China) is described and illustrated in detail. In addition, E. affinissimus de Saussure, 1852, E. aquilonius Yamane, 1977, E. belli Giordani Soika, 1973, E. gibbosus Nguyen, 2015, and E. rubrofemoratus Giordani Soika, 1941 are newly recorded from China. An updated key to the Chinese species of the genus Eumenes is provided.
本文报道了一新种，即铁尖真马。11月，从云南(中国)详细描述和说明。此外，e.a affinissimus de Saussure(1852)、e.a aquilonius Yamane(1977)、e.i belli Giordani Soika(1973)、e.g gibbosus Nguyen(2015)和e.r ubrofemoratus Giordani Soika(1941)均为中国新记录。本文提供了一份更新的中国真门属种的检索表。
{"title":"Additions to the knowledge of the genus Eumenes Latreille, 1802 from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae)","authors":"Jiongming Qin, Bin Chen, Tingjing Li","doi":"10.3897/jhr.96.107701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.107701","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper one new species namely Eumenes ferruapiculussp. nov., from Yunnan (China) is described and illustrated in detail. In addition, E. affinissimus de Saussure, 1852, E. aquilonius Yamane, 1977, E. belli Giordani Soika, 1973, E. gibbosus Nguyen, 2015, and E. rubrofemoratus Giordani Soika, 1941 are newly recorded from China. An updated key to the Chinese species of the genus Eumenes is provided.","PeriodicalId":50185,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hymenoptera Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45842872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Nikelshparg, E. Nikelshparg, V. Anikin, A. Polilov
In the course of evolution, animals and particularly insects, have developed efficient and complex mechanisms for survival. Biomimetics aims to find applications for these features of organisms (or organs) in industry, agriculture, and medicine. One of these features is the thin, flexible, and mobile insect ovipositor, which is also capable of carrying substances and drilling various substrates, usually of plant origin. Despite the well-studied structure of the ovipositor, the principles of its operation and real possibilities remain poorly understood. In our study, we first discovered an unusual behavioral pattern of oviposition of the female parasitoid Eupelmus messene Walker (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae): she drilled with her ovipositor through the wall of a polystyrene Petri dish and laid her egg outside the dish. Due to the transparency of the plastic, we described the technique of ovipositor movement and studied its structure using scanning electron microscopy. Our research may contribute to developing minimally invasive guided probes and various other instruments.
{"title":"Extraordinary drilling capabilities of the tiny parasitoid Eupelmus messene Walker (Hymenoptera, Eupelmidae)","authors":"M. Nikelshparg, E. Nikelshparg, V. Anikin, A. Polilov","doi":"10.3897/jhr.96.107786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.107786","url":null,"abstract":"In the course of evolution, animals and particularly insects, have developed efficient and complex mechanisms for survival. Biomimetics aims to find applications for these features of organisms (or organs) in industry, agriculture, and medicine. One of these features is the thin, flexible, and mobile insect ovipositor, which is also capable of carrying substances and drilling various substrates, usually of plant origin. Despite the well-studied structure of the ovipositor, the principles of its operation and real possibilities remain poorly understood. In our study, we first discovered an unusual behavioral pattern of oviposition of the female parasitoid Eupelmus messene Walker (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae): she drilled with her ovipositor through the wall of a polystyrene Petri dish and laid her egg outside the dish. Due to the transparency of the plastic, we described the technique of ovipositor movement and studied its structure using scanning electron microscopy. Our research may contribute to developing minimally invasive guided probes and various other instruments.","PeriodicalId":50185,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hymenoptera Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43792026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A revised illustrated key to Afrotropical species of the genus Cryptopimpla Taschenberg is provided, with the inclusion of two new South African species, C. orenji Reynolds & van Noort, sp. nov. and C. hoerikwagga Reynolds & van Noort, sp. nov., which are described and illustrated. The recovery of the first female specimens of Cryptopimpla goci Reynolds & van Noort in samples from Fernkloof and Grootbos nature reserves, and subsequent morphological reassessment of generic affinity based on female characters, no longer supports the placement of this species in Cryptopimpla. The transfer of C. goci to Lissonota Gravenhorst is proposed here: Lissonota goci (Reynolds & van Noort), comb. nov., and the female is described. New Afrotropical distributional records for the previously described Cryptopimpla species are presented and notes on the distribution and diversification of the species are also provided. Online interactive Lucid keys to the 11 Afrotropical Cryptopimpla species are available at: http://www.waspweb.org.
{"title":"Two new species of the genus Cryptopimpla Taschenberg (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Banchinae) with an updated key to African species","authors":"T. Reynolds, S. van Noort","doi":"10.3897/jhr.96.104038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.104038","url":null,"abstract":"A revised illustrated key to Afrotropical species of the genus Cryptopimpla Taschenberg is provided, with the inclusion of two new South African species, C. orenji Reynolds & van Noort, sp. nov. and C. hoerikwagga Reynolds & van Noort, sp. nov., which are described and illustrated. The recovery of the first female specimens of Cryptopimpla goci Reynolds & van Noort in samples from Fernkloof and Grootbos nature reserves, and subsequent morphological reassessment of generic affinity based on female characters, no longer supports the placement of this species in Cryptopimpla. The transfer of C. goci to Lissonota Gravenhorst is proposed here: Lissonota goci (Reynolds & van Noort), comb. nov., and the female is described. New Afrotropical distributional records for the previously described Cryptopimpla species are presented and notes on the distribution and diversification of the species are also provided. Online interactive Lucid keys to the 11 Afrotropical Cryptopimpla species are available at: http://www.waspweb.org.","PeriodicalId":50185,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hymenoptera Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42793468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hoplitis astragalisp. nov., a member of the H. monstrabilis species group, and H. dagestanicasp. nov., a member of the H. adunca species group, are described. The former species is known from Dagestan in Russia, Azerbaijan, and Turkmenistan, the latter only from Dagestan. Nests of H. astragali are described. Females of this species excavated burrows in a vertical clay cliff, but sometimes chose a horizontal surface for nest excavation, particularly at the entrance of old burrows of Xylocopa olivieri (Apidae). The nest burrows of H. astragali were either sub-vertical or sub-horizontal. The nests were composed of one to three brood cells, an empty vestibule in front of the outermost cell, and a closing plug at the nest entrance made of moistened mud. The inner surface of the cells was covered with a thin wall composed of compact soil, most probably built by the female bee after cell excavation. The pollen loaf was very liquid and had a spherical shape. The egg was deposited on its top. The cocoon consisted of a single thin layer, which uniformly covered the whole inner surface of the cell. There was one generation per year. The prepupae hibernated. Sapyga caucasica (Sapygidae) was recorded in the nests as a kleptoparasite. Both females and males of H. astragali exclusively visited flowers of two species of the genus Astragalus (Fabaceae).
{"title":"Two new Hoplitis species of the subgenus Hoplitis Klug, 1807 (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) and the nesting biology of H. astragali sp. nov. in Dagestan","authors":"A. Fateryga, A. Müller, M. Proshchalykin","doi":"10.3897/jhr.96.109255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.109255","url":null,"abstract":"Hoplitis astragalisp. nov., a member of the H. monstrabilis species group, and H. dagestanicasp. nov., a member of the H. adunca species group, are described. The former species is known from Dagestan in Russia, Azerbaijan, and Turkmenistan, the latter only from Dagestan. Nests of H. astragali are described. Females of this species excavated burrows in a vertical clay cliff, but sometimes chose a horizontal surface for nest excavation, particularly at the entrance of old burrows of Xylocopa olivieri (Apidae). The nest burrows of H. astragali were either sub-vertical or sub-horizontal. The nests were composed of one to three brood cells, an empty vestibule in front of the outermost cell, and a closing plug at the nest entrance made of moistened mud. The inner surface of the cells was covered with a thin wall composed of compact soil, most probably built by the female bee after cell excavation. The pollen loaf was very liquid and had a spherical shape. The egg was deposited on its top. The cocoon consisted of a single thin layer, which uniformly covered the whole inner surface of the cell. There was one generation per year. The prepupae hibernated. Sapyga caucasica (Sapygidae) was recorded in the nests as a kleptoparasite. Both females and males of H. astragali exclusively visited flowers of two species of the genus Astragalus (Fabaceae).","PeriodicalId":50185,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hymenoptera Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48235472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new fossil genus and species of fairyfly, Eotriadomeroides abjunctus Huber & Greenwalt, gen. and sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae), is described and illustrated from a female preserved as a compression fossil in middle Eocene shale from the Kishenehn Formation, Montana, USA. It is compared to extant species of Neotriadomerus Huber, known only from Australia, and Triadomerus Yoshimoto, a Cretaceous amber fossil from Canada. It is suggested that these three genera, classified together in Triadomerini, likely the most ancestral lineage of Mymaridae, are evidence of the Middle or perhaps Late Jurassic origin of the family.
{"title":"A new compression fossil, Eotriadomeroides abjunctus Huber, gen. & sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae), in Eocene shale from the Kishenehn Formation, USA","authors":"J. Huber, D. Greenwalt","doi":"10.3897/jhr.96.107379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.107379","url":null,"abstract":"A new fossil genus and species of fairyfly, Eotriadomeroides abjunctus Huber & Greenwalt, gen. and sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae), is described and illustrated from a female preserved as a compression fossil in middle Eocene shale from the Kishenehn Formation, Montana, USA. It is compared to extant species of Neotriadomerus Huber, known only from Australia, and Triadomerus Yoshimoto, a Cretaceous amber fossil from Canada. It is suggested that these three genera, classified together in Triadomerini, likely the most ancestral lineage of Mymaridae, are evidence of the Middle or perhaps Late Jurassic origin of the family.","PeriodicalId":50185,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hymenoptera Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48383365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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