Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology最新文献

To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms, mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and zebrafish embryos were exposed to the control group and Tributyltin (TBT) group (10 ng/L, environmental concentration) for 48 h, respectively. The expression profiles of RNAs were investigated using whole-transcriptome analysis in mouse BMSCs or zebrafish embryos after TBT exposure. For mouse BMSCs, the results showed 2,449 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, 59 DE miRNAs, 317 DE lncRNAs, and 15 circRNAs. Similarly, for zebrafish embryos, the results showed 1,511 DE mRNAs, 4 DE miRNAs, 272 DE lncRNAs, and 28 circRNAs. According to KEGG pathway analysis showed that DE RNAs were mainly associated with immune responses, signaling, and cellular interactions. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network analysis revealed that the regulatory network of miRNA-circRNA constructed in zebrafish embryos was more complex compared to that of mouse BMSCs.

Abundant iron and sulfate resources are present in acid mine drainage. The synthesis of schwertmannite from AMD rich in iron and sulfate could achieve the dual objectives of resource recovery and wastewater purification. However, schwertmannite cannot emerge spontaneously due to the Gibbs free energy greater than 0. This results in the iron and sulfate in AMD only being able to use the energy generated by oxidation in the coupling reaction to promote the formation of minerals, but this only achieved partial mineralization, which limited the remediation of AMD through mineralization. In order to clarify the mechanism of iron and sulfate removal by the formation of schwertmannite in AMD, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were crucial. This work used H₂O₂ oxidation of Fe²⁺ as a coupling reaction to promote the formation of schwertmannite from 64.4% of iron and 15.7% of sulfate in AMD, and determined that 99.7% of the iron and 89.9% of sulfate were immobilized in the schwertmannite structural, and only a small fraction was immobilized by the adsorption of schwertmannite, both of which were consistent with second-order kinetics models. The thermodynamic data suggested that reducing the concentration of excess sulfate ions or increasing the energy of the system may allow more iron and sulfate to be immobilized by forming schwertmannite. Experimental verification using the reaction of potassium bicarbonate with the acidity in solution to increase the energy in the system showed that the addition of potassium bicarbonate effectively promoted the formation of schwertmannite from Fe³⁺ and SO₄^2-. It provided a theoretical and research basis for the direct synthesis of schwertmannite from Fe³⁺ and SO₄^2- rich AMD for the removal of contaminants from water and the recovery of valuable resources.

In this work, the characteristics and mechanisms for atrazine adsorption-desorption with 9 types of soils were investigated with batch equilibrium studies, elemental analyses, infrared spectroscopy, and UV‒visible spectroscopy. The atrazine sorption data for the 9 soils showed better fits with the Freundlich model than the Langmuir model, except with Red earth in Jiangxi (REJ) The results showed that the adsorption capacity was positively correlated with the organic matter (OM) content and negatively correlated with cation-exchange capacity (CEC) and pH. UV‒visible spectroscopy showed that dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the soil enhanced atrazine adsorption, but the adsorption on different DOM fractions was quite different. In addition, the infrared spectra revealed differences in the functional groups of soils and these functional groups may drive the adsorption process via hydrogen bonding and coordination with the -NH₂ groups in atrazine.

Airborne particulate matter is one of the air pollutants which can have detrimental health effects in the human body. Radionuclides adsorb onto air particles and make their way to humans primarily through inhalation. Naturally-occurring radionuclides, ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po, are of notable health concern due to their relatively elevated ingestion and inhalation doses. In the current study, activity concentrations of ⁷Be, ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po were determined in air particulate matter (PM). PM_2.5 was collected on the European side, while PM₁₀ was collected on the Anatolian side of Istanbul. Be-7, ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po activities were found to be 5.17 ± 2.35, 0.96 ± 0.42; 0.25 ± 0.14 mBq m^- 3 in Anatolian side, respectively. Be-7, ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po activities were found to be 3.81 ± 2.27, 0.62 ± 0.29, 0.29 ± 0.26, mBq m^- 3 in European side, respectively. The ratio of ²¹⁰Po/²¹⁰Pb was found to be higher (0.47 ± 0.31 for PM_2.5 and 0.34 ± 0.27 for PM₁₀) than the global average of 0.1. This result can be explained by the fact that Po is more volatile than Pb and enhanced in the air by the combustion process. Inhalation dose rates of ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po due to PM₁₀ exposure were calculated to be 7.70 ± 3.30 and 4.05 ± 2.31 µSv year^- 1, respectively. Pb-210 bioaccessibility was assessed by the extraction of the particles in simulated lung fluids. Approximately 24.8% of inhaled ²¹⁰Pb was estimated to be bioaccessible. This study suggests that ²¹⁰Po and ²¹⁰Pb activities are partially enhanced in the air particles in Istanbul and should be regularly monitored.

Little is known about microplastics (MPs) in adult frogs. We investigated MPs in adult Common River Frogs (Amietia delalandii) from Potchefstroom, South Africa. Five kinds of samples were analysed: natural water, water used to rinse the skin, skin, intestine, and the remainder of the body (corpus). Tissues were digested. Microplastics occurred in all frogs and sample types (1128 MPs counted). Fibres were the most prevalent MP. Fibre lengths were between 28 and 4300 μm, either polyester or polyvinyl alcohol. MPs in skin were likely derived from the ambient, and MPs in the corpus from translocation via the skin. Fibres in tissues were significantly shorter in larger frogs, a phenomenon we provisionally assign to in situ biodegradation. Microplastics in frogs can potentially be transferred through the food web to higher trophic levels. This study provides the first evidence of MPs in adult frog tissues and avenues for further investigations.

This study focused on constructing iron(III)-tetraamidomacrocyclic ligand (Fe^III-TAML)-based magnetic nanostructures via a surfactant-assisted self-assembly (SAS) method to enhance the reactivity and recoverability of Fe^III-TAML activators, which have been widely employed to degrade various organic contaminants. We have fabricated Fe^III-TAML-based magnetic nanomaterials (Fe^III-TAML/CTAB@Fe₃O₄, CTAB refers to cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) by adding a mixed solution of Fe^III-TAML and NH₃·H₂O into another mixture containing CTAB, FeCl₂ and FeCl₃ solutions. The as-prepared Fe^III-TAML/CTAB@Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite showed relative reactivity compared with free Fe^III-TAML as indicated by decomposition of bisphenol A (BPA). Moreover, our results demonstrated that the Fe^III-TAML/CTAB@Fe₃O₄ composite can be separated directly from reaction solutions by magnet adsorption and reused for at least four times. Therefore, the efficiency and recyclability of self-assembled Fe^III-TAML/CTAB@Fe₃O₄ nanostructures will enable the application of Fe^III-TAML-based materials with a lowered expense for environmental implication.

There are growing concerns about elevated lead (Pb) levels in lip cosmetics, yet in China, the largest lip cosmetic market, recent Pb contamination in lip cosmetics and associated Pb exposure remain unclear. Here, we measured Pb levels of 29 popular lip cosmetics in China and conducted the bioaccessibility-corrected carcinogenic risk assessments and sensitivity analysis regarding Pb exposure for consumers using Monte Carlo simulation. The Pb concentrations of collected samples ranged from undetectable (< 0.05 µg/kg) to 0.21 mg/kg, all of which were well below the Pb concentration limit set for cosmetics in China (10 mg/kg). The 50th percentile incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) of Pb in Chinese cosmetics (1.20E-07) was below the acceptable level (1E-06), indicating that the application of lip cosmetics and subsequent Pb exposure does not pose carcinogenic risks to consumers in most cases. The results of this study provide new insights into understanding the Pb risk in lip cosmetics.

This study investigated the influence of soil water status on the toxicokinetics of phenanthrene in the springtail Folsomia candida allowing estimation of uptake and elimination rates at two contrasting soil water potentials. Fitting a three-phase model to the observations showed that uptake rate (k_u) was almost two times higher in moist soil (-2 kPa) than in dry soil (-360 kPa). During the first days of the exposure, elimination rate (k_e) was not significantly different in moist and dry soil, but after eight days k_e had increased significantly more in moist soil than in dry soil. Our results confirm the general notion that the exposure route via soil pore water is important. Understanding the significance of soil moisture in exposure and effects of contaminants on soil invertebrates is crucial for assessing the ecological risks associated with soil pollution in a changing climate.

Traffic borne pollutants negatively affect organisms. This study aimed to determine the impact of traffic pollution on Auchenorrhyncha species and their usage as biomonitor for metal pollution. The study was carried out in the cherry orchard near the Amasya-Samsun D100/E80 motorway in Amasya, Türkiye. Metal concentrations in specimens tended to decrease with the increasing distance from the motorway. Significant variations were determined in some metal concentrations based on distance from the motorway. The maximum and minimum metal concentrations were obtained from 0 to 100 m, respectively. Negative relationships were determined between distance from the motorway and Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb concentrations in Arboridia versuta (Melichar, 1897), and Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb concentrations in Psammotettix provincialis (Ribaut, 1925). Metals were accumulated in the body of specimens. Therefore, it is thought that Auchenorrhyncha species may be used as a biomonitor for metal pollution due to their high metal concentrations.

In this study, the morphological characteristics of early juvenile shells of Anodonta woodiana, which were exposed to different concentrations of aqueous copper, were analyzed using 10 landmarks to determine morphological changes in the shells. Morphological changes mainly occurred at the top of the shell and front and back ends of the central axis. Stepwise discriminant analysis proved shape differences among experimental and control groups. The results of this study demonstrate for the first time that environmentally relevant copper concentrations cause stress-related morphological changes in A. woodiana in the vulnerable early juvenile stage.