Pub Date : 2024-04-02DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03879-w
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to: (1) characterize the exposure of aquatic ecosystems in Southern Ontario, Canada to pesticides between 2002 and 2016 by constructing environmental exposure distributions (EEDs), including censored data; and (2) predict the probability of exceeding acute regulatory guidelines. Surface water samples were collected over a 15-year period by Environment and Climate Change Canada. The dataset contained 167 compounds, sampled across 114 sites, with a total of 2,213 samples. There were 67,920 total observations of which 55,058 were non-detects (81%), and 12,862 detects (19%). The most commonly detected compound was atrazine, with a maximum concentration of 18,600 ngL− 1 and ~ 4% chance of exceeding an acute guideline (1,000 ngL− 1) in rivers and streams. Using Southern Ontario as a case study, this study provides insight into the risk that pesticides pose to aquatic ecosystems and the utility of EEDs that include censored data for the purpose of risk assessment.
{"title":"Exposure Assessment of Pesticides in Surface Waters of Ontario, Canada Reveals Low Probability of Exceeding Acute Regulatory Thresholds","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00128-024-03879-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-024-03879-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The objectives of this study were to: (1) characterize the exposure of aquatic ecosystems in Southern Ontario, Canada to pesticides between 2002 and 2016 by constructing environmental exposure distributions (EEDs), including censored data; and (2) predict the probability of exceeding acute regulatory guidelines. Surface water samples were collected over a 15-year period by Environment and Climate Change Canada. The dataset contained 167 compounds, sampled across 114 sites, with a total of 2,213 samples. There were 67,920 total observations of which 55,058 were non-detects (81%), and 12,862 detects (19%). The most commonly detected compound was atrazine, with a maximum concentration of 18,600 ngL<sup>− 1</sup> and ~ 4% chance of exceeding an acute guideline (1,000 ngL<sup>− 1</sup>) in rivers and streams. Using Southern Ontario as a case study, this study provides insight into the risk that pesticides pose to aquatic ecosystems and the utility of EEDs that include censored data for the purpose of risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-02DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03882-1
Yuqing Zhang, Helian Li, Yanhua Qiu, Yinghao Liu
The increasing use of copper oxide nano particles (nCuO) as nano-fertilizers and pesticides have raised concerns over their impact on soil environment and agricultural products. In this study, two nCuO with different shapes, namely spherical nCuO (CuO NPs) and tubular nCuO (CuO NTs), were selected to investigate their bioavailability and toxicity to pakchoi in two soils with different properties. At the meantime, CuO bulk particles (CuO BPs) and Cu(NO3)2 were used for comparison. Results showed that all the Cu treatments increased the DTPA extractable (DTPA-Cu) concentrations in GD soil (acidic) more than in HN soil (alkaline). The DTPA-Cu concentrations increased in the order of Cu(NO3)2 ≈ CuO NPs > CuO BPs ≈ CuO NTs in GD soil and Cu(NO3)2 > CuO NPs > CuO BPs ≈ CuO NTs in HN soil. While for the contents of Cu in the aerial parts of pakchoi, the order is CuO NPs > Cu(NO3)2 > CuO NTs ≈ CuO BPs in GD soil and CuO NPs ≈ Cu(NO3)2 > CuO BPs ≈ CuO NTs in HN soil. Only CuO NPs reduced pakchoi biomass in GD soil. There are no significant difference among CuO NPs, CuO BPs, and Cu(NO3)2 in reducing the chlorophyll contents in pakchoi in HN soil, whereas in GD soil, CuO NPs and CuO BPs led to significantly lower chlorophyll contents in pakchoi compared to Cu(NO3)2. Additionally, CuO NPs and Cu(NO3)2 increased Mn and Mo in pakchoi leaf in HN soil, while increased Zn in pakchoi leaf in GD soil. These results indicated that CuO NPs showed higher or comparable toxicity and bioavailability to pakchoi compared with Cu(NO3)2 depending on soil properties, and nCuO are more easily to be transferred from roots to the aerial parts than CuO BPs and Cu(NO3)2.
{"title":"Bioavailability and Toxicity of nano Copper Oxide to Pakchoi (Brassica Campestris L.) as Compared with bulk Copper Oxide and Ionic Copper","authors":"Yuqing Zhang, Helian Li, Yanhua Qiu, Yinghao Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00128-024-03882-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-024-03882-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing use of copper oxide nano particles (nCuO) as nano-fertilizers and pesticides have raised concerns over their impact on soil environment and agricultural products. In this study, two nCuO with different shapes, namely spherical nCuO (CuO NPs) and tubular nCuO (CuO NTs), were selected to investigate their bioavailability and toxicity to pakchoi in two soils with different properties. At the meantime, CuO bulk particles (CuO BPs) and Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> were used for comparison. Results showed that all the Cu treatments increased the DTPA extractable (DTPA-Cu) concentrations in GD soil (acidic) more than in HN soil (alkaline). The DTPA-Cu concentrations increased in the order of Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> ≈ CuO NPs > CuO BPs ≈ CuO NTs in GD soil and Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> > CuO NPs > CuO BPs ≈ CuO NTs in HN soil. While for the contents of Cu in the aerial parts of pakchoi, the order is CuO NPs > Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> > CuO NTs ≈ CuO BPs in GD soil and CuO NPs ≈ Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> > CuO BPs ≈ CuO NTs in HN soil. Only CuO NPs reduced pakchoi biomass in GD soil. There are no significant difference among CuO NPs, CuO BPs, and Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> in reducing the chlorophyll contents in pakchoi in HN soil, whereas in GD soil, CuO NPs and CuO BPs led to significantly lower chlorophyll contents in pakchoi compared to Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>. Additionally, CuO NPs and Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> increased Mn and Mo in pakchoi leaf in HN soil, while increased Zn in pakchoi leaf in GD soil. These results indicated that CuO NPs showed higher or comparable toxicity and bioavailability to pakchoi compared with Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> depending on soil properties, and nCuO are more easily to be transferred from roots to the aerial parts than CuO BPs and Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-02DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03880-3
Abstract
Contamination of aquatic and terrestrial environment with hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) is one of the major hazards worldwide due its carcinogenicity, persistency and immobility. Different research techniques have been adopted for Cr(VI) remediation present in terrestrial and aquatic media, while adsorption being the most advance, low cost, environmentally friendly and common method. The present study discussed the mechanisms of Parthenium hysterophorus derived biochar, iron-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (nFe-ZnO) and Fe-ZnO modified biochar (Fe-ZnO@BC) involved in Cr(VI) mobility and bioavailability. Pot experiments were conducted to study the effect of Parthenium hysterophorus derived biochar, nFe-ZnO and Fe-ZnO@BC application rates (2%, 2 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, respectively). The results indicated that the addition of soil amendments reduced Cr(VI) mobility. The findings revealed that the reduction in chromium mobility was observed by P. hysterophorus BC, and Fe-ZnO@BC but nFe-ZnO application significantly (p = 0.05) reduced Cr(VI) and CrT uptake as compared to the control treatments. The results of SEM coupled with EDS showed a high micropores and channel, smooth surface which helped in adsorption, and may enhance soil conditions. The concentration index (CI) by different amendments in trifolium plant was followed the descending order as: nFe-ZnO > Fe-ZnO@BC > P. hysterophorus BC after 30, 60 and 90 days of harvesting, respectively. In addition, human health risk index was found less than one (H1 < 1.0) in amended soils as compared to control treatments.
摘要 由于六价铬具有致癌性、持久性和不流动性,它对水生和陆地环境的污染是全球主要危害之一。人们采用了不同的研究技术来修复陆地和水生介质中的六价铬,而吸附是最先进、低成本、环保和常用的方法。本研究讨论了蕨类植物衍生的生物炭、掺铁氧化锌纳米颗粒(nFe-ZnO)和Fe-ZnO改性生物炭(Fe-ZnO@BC)在六价铬迁移性和生物利用率方面的作用机制。盆栽实验研究了蕨类植物衍生生物炭、nFe-ZnO 和 Fe-ZnO@BC 施加率(分别为 2%、2 毫克/千克、10 毫克/千克)的影响。结果表明,添加土壤改良剂可降低六价铬的迁移率。研究结果表明,与对照处理相比,施用 P. hysterophorus BC 和 Fe-ZnO@BC(但施用 nFe-ZnO(p = 0.05)可显著减少铬(VI)和 CrT 的吸收)可降低铬的迁移率。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和电致发光(EDS)的结果表明,氧化锌具有较多的微孔和通道,表面光滑,有助于吸附,并可改善土壤条件。收获 30、60 和 90 天后,不同添加剂在三叶草植物中的浓度指数(CI)从高到低依次为:nFe-ZnO > Fe-ZnO@BC > P. hysterophorus BC。此外,与对照处理相比,发现改良土壤中的人类健康风险指数小于 1(H1 <1.0)。
{"title":"Evaluation Health Risks and Sorption of Hexavalent Chromium (Cr(VI) by Biochar and Iron Doped Zinc Oxide Modified Biochar (Fe-ZnO@BC) Using Trifolium: A Green Synthesis Technique","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00128-024-03880-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-024-03880-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Contamination of aquatic and terrestrial environment with hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) is one of the major hazards worldwide due its carcinogenicity, persistency and immobility. Different research techniques have been adopted for Cr(VI) remediation present in terrestrial and aquatic media, while adsorption being the most advance, low cost, environmentally friendly and common method. The present study discussed the mechanisms of <em>Parthenium hysterophorus</em> derived biochar, iron-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (<em>n</em>Fe-ZnO) and Fe-ZnO modified biochar (Fe-ZnO@BC) involved in Cr(VI) mobility and bioavailability. Pot experiments were conducted to study the effect of <em>Parthenium hysterophorus</em> derived biochar, <em>n</em>Fe-ZnO and Fe-ZnO@BC application rates (2%, 2 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, respectively). The results indicated that the addition of soil amendments reduced Cr(VI) mobility. The findings revealed that the reduction in chromium mobility was observed by <em>P. hysterophorus</em> BC, and Fe-ZnO@BC but <em>n</em>Fe-ZnO application significantly (<em>p</em> = 0.05) reduced Cr(VI) and Cr<sub>T</sub> uptake as compared to the control treatments. The results of SEM coupled with EDS showed a high micropores and channel, smooth surface which helped in adsorption, and may enhance soil conditions. The concentration index (CI) by different amendments in trifolium plant was followed the descending order as: <em>n</em>Fe-ZnO > Fe-ZnO@BC > <em>P</em>. <em>hysterophorus</em> BC after 30, 60 and 90 days of harvesting, respectively. In addition, human health risk index was found less than one (H1 < 1.0) in amended soils as compared to control treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esketamine (ESK) is the S-enantiomer of ketamine racemate (a new psychoactive substance) that can result in illusions, and alter hearing, vision, and proprioception in human and mouse. Up to now, the neurotoxicity caused by ESK at environmental level in fish is still unclear. This work studied the effects of ESK on behaviors and transcriptions of genes in dopamine and GABA pathways in zebrafish larvae at ranging from 12.4 ng L- 1 to 11141.1 ng L- 1 for 7 days post fertilization (dpf). The results showed that ESK at 12.4 ng L- 1 significantly reduced the touch response of the larvae at 48 hpf. ESK at 12.4 ng L- 1 also reduced the time and distance of larvae swimming at the outer zone during light period, which implied that ESK might potentially decrease the anxiety level of larvae. In addition, ESK increased the transcription of th, ddc, drd1a, drd3 and drd4a in dopamine pathway. Similarly, ESK raised the transcription of slc6a1b, slc6a13 and slc12a2 in GABA pathway. This study suggested that ESK could affect the heart rate and behaviors accompanying with transcriptional alterations of genes in DA and GABA pathways at early-staged zebrafish, which resulted in neurotoxicity in zebrafish larvae.
氯胺酮(ESK)是氯胺酮外消旋体(一种新型精神活性物质)的S-对映体,可导致幻觉,改变人和小鼠的听觉、视觉和本体感觉。迄今为止,ESK 在环境水平上对鱼类造成的神经毒性仍不清楚。这项工作研究了 ESK 对斑马鱼幼体的行为以及多巴胺和 GABA 通路基因转录的影响,ESK 的浓度范围为 12.4 ng L- 1 至 11141.1 ng L- 1,持续时间为受精后 7 天(dpf)。结果表明,12.4 ng L- 1 的 ESK 能显著降低受精后 48 hpf 幼体的触觉反应。12.4 ng L- 1的ESK还减少了幼虫在光照期间游向外区的时间和距离,这意味着ESK可能会降低幼虫的焦虑水平。此外,ESK还增加了多巴胺通路中th、ddc、drd1a、drd3和drd4a的转录。同样,ESK提高了GABA通路中slc6a1b、slc6a13和slc12a2的转录。这项研究表明,ESK会影响早期斑马鱼的心率和行为,并伴随着DA和GABA通路基因转录的改变,从而导致斑马鱼幼体的神经毒性。
{"title":"Effects of New Psychoactive Substance Esketamine on Behaviors and Transcription of Genes in Dopamine and GABA Pathways in Zebrafish Larvae.","authors":"Si-Ying Li, Wen-Jun Shi, Dong-Dong Ma, Jin-Ge Zhang, Zhi-Jie Lu, Xiao-Bing Long, Xin Liu, Chu-Shu Huang, Guang-Guo Ying","doi":"10.1007/s00128-024-03883-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-024-03883-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Esketamine (ESK) is the S-enantiomer of ketamine racemate (a new psychoactive substance) that can result in illusions, and alter hearing, vision, and proprioception in human and mouse. Up to now, the neurotoxicity caused by ESK at environmental level in fish is still unclear. This work studied the effects of ESK on behaviors and transcriptions of genes in dopamine and GABA pathways in zebrafish larvae at ranging from 12.4 ng L<sup>- 1</sup> to 11141.1 ng L<sup>- 1</sup> for 7 days post fertilization (dpf). The results showed that ESK at 12.4 ng L<sup>- 1</sup> significantly reduced the touch response of the larvae at 48 hpf. ESK at 12.4 ng L<sup>- 1</sup> also reduced the time and distance of larvae swimming at the outer zone during light period, which implied that ESK might potentially decrease the anxiety level of larvae. In addition, ESK increased the transcription of th, ddc, drd1a, drd3 and drd4a in dopamine pathway. Similarly, ESK raised the transcription of slc6a1b, slc6a13 and slc12a2 in GABA pathway. This study suggested that ESK could affect the heart rate and behaviors accompanying with transcriptional alterations of genes in DA and GABA pathways at early-staged zebrafish, which resulted in neurotoxicity in zebrafish larvae.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140331455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aquaculture use of antibiotics can cause detrimental effects on fish organs and gut microbial dysbiosis. The impact of florfenicol (FFC) on fish intestinal histology, an approved antibiotic, remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of FFC on Oreochromis niloticus juveniles by administering FFC at 10 mg and 30 mg/kg biomass/day for 30 consecutive days to mimic long-term use. A dose-dependent reduction in feed intake, survival and biomass, with an upsurge in mortalities was observed. Even the therapeutic dose instigated mortalities on day 30 of FFC dosing (FD). Histopathological analysis revealed mild to moderate alterations, including loss of absorptive regions, epithelial degeneration, necrotized areas, intercellular enterocytic space and swollen laminar propria. Post-dosing, the observation of the detachment of lamina propria from the epithelium indicated imminent irritability. Goblet cells reduced drastically on day 30 FD, accompanied by an increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes. However, cessation of dosing for 13 days resulted in the reclamation of goblet cells and absorptive regions, indicating that the intestinal tissues underwent considerable repair after lifting antibiotic pressure. These findings suggested that O. niloticus can tolerate dietary FFC but emphasize the need for responsible use of antibiotics in aquaculture.
{"title":"Intestinal Histopathological Aberrations in Oreochromis niloticus Juveniles upon Dietary Florfenicol Administration.","authors":"Avishek Bardhan, Thangapalam Jawahar Abraham, Gadadhar Dash, Talagunda Srinivasan Nagesh, Surya Kanta Sau, Prasanna Kumar Patil","doi":"10.1007/s00128-024-03876-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-024-03876-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aquaculture use of antibiotics can cause detrimental effects on fish organs and gut microbial dysbiosis. The impact of florfenicol (FFC) on fish intestinal histology, an approved antibiotic, remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of FFC on Oreochromis niloticus juveniles by administering FFC at 10 mg and 30 mg/kg biomass/day for 30 consecutive days to mimic long-term use. A dose-dependent reduction in feed intake, survival and biomass, with an upsurge in mortalities was observed. Even the therapeutic dose instigated mortalities on day 30 of FFC dosing (FD). Histopathological analysis revealed mild to moderate alterations, including loss of absorptive regions, epithelial degeneration, necrotized areas, intercellular enterocytic space and swollen laminar propria. Post-dosing, the observation of the detachment of lamina propria from the epithelium indicated imminent irritability. Goblet cells reduced drastically on day 30 FD, accompanied by an increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes. However, cessation of dosing for 13 days resulted in the reclamation of goblet cells and absorptive regions, indicating that the intestinal tissues underwent considerable repair after lifting antibiotic pressure. These findings suggested that O. niloticus can tolerate dietary FFC but emphasize the need for responsible use of antibiotics in aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140139686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microbial arsenic transformations play essential roles in controlling pollution and ameliorating risk. This study combined high-throughput sequencing and PCR-based approaches targeting both the 16 S rRNA and arsenic functional genes to investigate the temporal and spatial dynamics of the soil microbiomes impacted by high arsenic contamination (9.13 to 911.88 mg/kg) and to investigate the diversity and abundance of arsenic functional genes in soils influenced by an arsenic gradient. The results showed that the soil microbiomes were relatively consistent and mainly composed of Actinobacteria (uncultured Gaiellales and an unknown_67 − 14 bacterium), Proteobacteria, Firmicutes (particularly, Bacillus), Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria (unknown_Subgroup_6). Although a range of arsenic functional genes (e.g., arsM, arsC, arrA, and aioA) were identified by shotgun metagenomics, only the arsM gene was detected by the PCR-based method. The relative abundance of the arsM gene accounted for 0.20%–1.57% of the total microbial abundance. Combining all analyses, arsenic methylation mediated by the arsM gene was proposed to be a key process involved in the arsenic biogeochemical cycle and mitigation of arsenic toxicity. This study advances our knowledge about arsenic mechanisms over the long-term in highly contaminated soils.
{"title":"Soil Microbiomes and their Arsenic Functional Genes in Chronically High-Arsenic Contaminated Soils","authors":"Prinpida Sonthiphand, Nattanan Rueangmongkolrat, Pichahpuk Uthaipaisanwong, Kanthida Kusonmano, Wuttichai Mhuantong, Teerasit Termsaithong, Chanida Limthamprasert, Srilert Chotpantarat, Ekawan Luepromchai","doi":"10.1007/s00128-024-03866-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-024-03866-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microbial arsenic transformations play essential roles in controlling pollution and ameliorating risk. This study combined high-throughput sequencing and PCR-based approaches targeting both the 16 S rRNA and arsenic functional genes to investigate the temporal and spatial dynamics of the soil microbiomes impacted by high arsenic contamination (9.13 to 911.88 mg/kg) and to investigate the diversity and abundance of arsenic functional genes in soils influenced by an arsenic gradient. The results showed that the soil microbiomes were relatively consistent and mainly composed of <i>Actinobacteria</i> (uncultured <i>Gaiellales</i> and an unknown_67 − 14 bacterium), <i>Proteobacteria</i>, <i>Firmicutes</i> (particularly, <i>Bacillus</i>), <i>Chloroflexi</i>, and <i>Acidobacteria</i> (unknown_Subgroup_6). Although a range of arsenic functional genes (e.g., <i>arsM</i>, <i>arsC</i>, <i>arrA</i>, and <i>aioA</i>) were identified by shotgun metagenomics, only the <i>arsM</i> gene was detected by the PCR-based method. The relative abundance of the <i>arsM</i> gene accounted for 0.20%–1.57% of the total microbial abundance. Combining all analyses, arsenic methylation mediated by the <i>arsM</i> gene was proposed to be a key process involved in the arsenic biogeochemical cycle and mitigation of arsenic toxicity. This study advances our knowledge about arsenic mechanisms over the long-term in highly contaminated soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140099885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-09DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03874-1
Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen, Xuan Truong Vuong, Minh Binh Tu, Minh Hai Trinh, Anh Quoc Hoang
Chlorinated benzenes (CBzs) are a group of organic pollutants, which have been industrially or unintentionally produced through various chemical and thermal processes. Studies on full congener profiles of CBzs in waste and environmental samples are relatively limited and not updated. In the present study, concentrations of 12 CBzs were determined in fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA) samples collected from one municipal waste incinerator (MWI) and one industrial waste incinerator (IWI) in northern Vietnam. Levels of Σ12CBzs were higher in bottom ash (median 25.3; range 1.59-45.7 ng/g) than in fly ash (median 7.30; range 1.04-30.0 ng/g). The CBz profiles were dominated by di- and tri-chlorinated congeners with the major congeners as 1,2,4-TCB, 1,2,3-TCB, 1,2-DCB, and 1,3-DCB. However, CBz profiles varied greatly between sample types and incinerators, implying differences in input materials, formation pathways, and pollutant behaviors. Incomplete combustion is possibly responsible for high levels of CBzs in industrial bottom ash. The emission factors of Σ12CBzs ranged from 21 to 600 µg/ton for fly ash and from 190 to 4570 µg/ton for bottom ash, resulting in annual emissions of about 6 and 3 g/year for the IWI and MWI, respectively. Our results suggest additional investigations on industrial emission and environmental occurrence of all 12 CBzs rather than solely focusing on regulated congeners like hexachlorobenzene and pentachlorobenzene.
{"title":"Insights into Full-congener Profiles of Chlorinated Benzenes in Fly and Bottom Ash: Case Study in Vietnamese Industrial and Municipal Waste Incinerators.","authors":"Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen, Xuan Truong Vuong, Minh Binh Tu, Minh Hai Trinh, Anh Quoc Hoang","doi":"10.1007/s00128-024-03874-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-024-03874-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chlorinated benzenes (CBzs) are a group of organic pollutants, which have been industrially or unintentionally produced through various chemical and thermal processes. Studies on full congener profiles of CBzs in waste and environmental samples are relatively limited and not updated. In the present study, concentrations of 12 CBzs were determined in fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA) samples collected from one municipal waste incinerator (MWI) and one industrial waste incinerator (IWI) in northern Vietnam. Levels of Σ12CBzs were higher in bottom ash (median 25.3; range 1.59-45.7 ng/g) than in fly ash (median 7.30; range 1.04-30.0 ng/g). The CBz profiles were dominated by di- and tri-chlorinated congeners with the major congeners as 1,2,4-TCB, 1,2,3-TCB, 1,2-DCB, and 1,3-DCB. However, CBz profiles varied greatly between sample types and incinerators, implying differences in input materials, formation pathways, and pollutant behaviors. Incomplete combustion is possibly responsible for high levels of CBzs in industrial bottom ash. The emission factors of Σ12CBzs ranged from 21 to 600 µg/ton for fly ash and from 190 to 4570 µg/ton for bottom ash, resulting in annual emissions of about 6 and 3 g/year for the IWI and MWI, respectively. Our results suggest additional investigations on industrial emission and environmental occurrence of all 12 CBzs rather than solely focusing on regulated congeners like hexachlorobenzene and pentachlorobenzene.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140067992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-09DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03873-2
Garyfallia Drimaropoulou, Christophoros Christophoridis, Constantinos K Zacharis, Konstantinos Fytianos
This study aimed on the development of a SPE-UHPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of pesticide residues in drinking water samples. A chemometric approach was applied to optimize the efficiency of the SPE pretreatment procedure. This study involved (i) the application of a Full Factorial Design for the screening of the significant factors, (ii) the application of a Central Composite Design for the determination of the optimal conditions and (iii) the evaluation and validation of the significance of the statistically proposed models. Oasis HLB cartridges were used for the extraction. The optimum sample volume was 300 mL and the elution solvent 3 mL of the mixture of methanol:ethylacetate 70:30 v/v. The method was validated according to the international guidelines. Recoveries were ranged from 63 to 116% and the detection limits were between 0.1 and 1.5 pg mL- 1. The validated method could be used in routine analysis for pesticides screening.
{"title":"Chemometric Optimization of SPE for the Determination of Multiclass Pesticides in Portable Water Samples by UHPLC-MS/MS.","authors":"Garyfallia Drimaropoulou, Christophoros Christophoridis, Constantinos K Zacharis, Konstantinos Fytianos","doi":"10.1007/s00128-024-03873-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-024-03873-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed on the development of a SPE-UHPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of pesticide residues in drinking water samples. A chemometric approach was applied to optimize the efficiency of the SPE pretreatment procedure. This study involved (i) the application of a Full Factorial Design for the screening of the significant factors, (ii) the application of a Central Composite Design for the determination of the optimal conditions and (iii) the evaluation and validation of the significance of the statistically proposed models. Oasis HLB cartridges were used for the extraction. The optimum sample volume was 300 mL and the elution solvent 3 mL of the mixture of methanol:ethylacetate 70:30 v/v. The method was validated according to the international guidelines. Recoveries were ranged from 63 to 116% and the detection limits were between 0.1 and 1.5 pg mL<sup>- 1</sup>. The validated method could be used in routine analysis for pesticides screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10924705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140067990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-09DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03872-3
Sarah Kerr, Ryan R Otter
Riparian tetragnathid spiders are used as biosentinels of aquatic contamination because they are specialized feeders of aquatic emergent insects and are also prey items for terrestrial predators (e.g., birds). Analysis of both trophic position (e.g., stable nitrogen isotopes) and contaminant concentrations are needed to utilize tetragnathids as biosentinels, which can present challenges when collecting enough biomass to reach analytical detection limits, due to their relatively small size. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of a controlled diet source on spider biomass, egg laying and stable isotope values (δ13C and δ15N). Diet significantly influenced the biomass and egg laying of tetragnathids, with some spiders losing up to 50% of their biomass in a single egg-laying event. δ13C had a faster turnover rate in the whole-body of spiders compared to legs, which is important, as spider legs are presently used as surrogates for whole-body δ13C values.
{"title":"Diet Affects Egg Laying, Biomass, and Stable Isotope Values in Tetragnathid Spiders.","authors":"Sarah Kerr, Ryan R Otter","doi":"10.1007/s00128-024-03872-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-024-03872-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Riparian tetragnathid spiders are used as biosentinels of aquatic contamination because they are specialized feeders of aquatic emergent insects and are also prey items for terrestrial predators (e.g., birds). Analysis of both trophic position (e.g., stable nitrogen isotopes) and contaminant concentrations are needed to utilize tetragnathids as biosentinels, which can present challenges when collecting enough biomass to reach analytical detection limits, due to their relatively small size. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of a controlled diet source on spider biomass, egg laying and stable isotope values (δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N). Diet significantly influenced the biomass and egg laying of tetragnathids, with some spiders losing up to 50% of their biomass in a single egg-laying event. δ<sup>13</sup>C had a faster turnover rate in the whole-body of spiders compared to legs, which is important, as spider legs are presently used as surrogates for whole-body δ<sup>13</sup>C values.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140067991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03863-4
Andrew Arndt, Erik J S Emilson, William A Dew
Crayfish rely on their chemosensory system for many essential behaviours including finding food, finding mates, and to recognize individuals. Copper can impair chemosensation in crayfish at low concentrations; however, it is not clear if the effect is ameliorated once copper is removed. To better understand the effect of and recovery from copper exposure in crayfish, we exposed Northern clearwater crayfish (Faxonius propinquus) to 31.3 [Formula: see text] copper for 24 h and measured the response of the crayfish to a food cue. The crayfish were then placed into clean water to depurate for an 24 h. The results demonstrated that the crayfish did not respond to a food cue if they had been exposed to copper, but showed a full response after a 24 h recovery period without copper. Higher concentrations of copper have shown a much longer-term effect in rusty crayfish (Faxonius rustics), indicating there is a concentration where the copper is causing longer-term damage instead of just impairing chemosensation. These results highlight the fact that even though contaminants like copper can have profound effects at low concentrations, by removing the contaminants the effect can be ameliorated.
{"title":"Copper-Induced Chemosensory Impairment is Reversed by a Short Depuration Period in Northern Clearwater Crayfish (Faxonius propinquus).","authors":"Andrew Arndt, Erik J S Emilson, William A Dew","doi":"10.1007/s00128-024-03863-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-024-03863-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crayfish rely on their chemosensory system for many essential behaviours including finding food, finding mates, and to recognize individuals. Copper can impair chemosensation in crayfish at low concentrations; however, it is not clear if the effect is ameliorated once copper is removed. To better understand the effect of and recovery from copper exposure in crayfish, we exposed Northern clearwater crayfish (Faxonius propinquus) to 31.3 [Formula: see text] copper for 24 h and measured the response of the crayfish to a food cue. The crayfish were then placed into clean water to depurate for an 24 h. The results demonstrated that the crayfish did not respond to a food cue if they had been exposed to copper, but showed a full response after a 24 h recovery period without copper. Higher concentrations of copper have shown a much longer-term effect in rusty crayfish (Faxonius rustics), indicating there is a concentration where the copper is causing longer-term damage instead of just impairing chemosensation. These results highlight the fact that even though contaminants like copper can have profound effects at low concentrations, by removing the contaminants the effect can be ameliorated.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140011886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}