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Lead Isotope Signatures and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Vegetable Soils Irrigated with Swine Wastewater of Jiangxi Province, China. 中国江西省猪废水灌溉菜地土壤中铅的同位素特征及重金属来源鉴定。
IF 2.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03900-2
Maolan Wang, Yanhui Zhang, Wanting Zhou, Yingying Xiong, Xiandan Zhang, Ben Guo

The rapid development of livestock and poultry industry in China has caused serious environment pollution problems. To understand the heavy metals accumulation and identify their sources, 7 heavy metals contents and lead isotope ratios were determined in 24 soil samples from vegetable fields irrigated with swine wastewater in Dongxiang County, Jiangxi Province, China. The results showed that the concentration of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb in the swine wastewater irrigated vegetable soils varied from 38.5 to 86.4, 7.57 to 30.6, 20.0 to 57.1, 37.5 to 174, 9.18 to 53.1, 0.043 to 0.274 and 12.8 to 37.1 mg/kg, respectively. The soils were moderately to heavily polluted by As, moderately polluted by Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd, and unpolluted to moderately polluted by Pb. Sampling soils were classified as moderately polluted according to the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index. Lead isotope and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) analysis indicated that swine wastewater irrigation and atmospheric deposition were the primary sources of the heavy metals.

中国畜禽养殖业的快速发展造成了严重的环境污染问题。为了了解重金属的积累情况并确定其来源,研究人员测定了江西省东乡县 24 块用猪场废水灌溉的菜地土壤样品中 7 种重金属的含量和铅同位素比值。结果表明,猪粪废水灌溉菜地土壤中铬、镍、铜、锌、砷、镉和铅的含量分别为 38.5 至 86.4、7.57 至 30.6、20.0 至 57.1、37.5 至 174、9.18 至 53.1、0.043 至 0.274 和 12.8 至 37.1 mg/kg。土壤受到砷的中度至重度污染,受到铬、镍、铜、锌和镉的中度污染,受到铅的未污染至中度污染。根据 Nemerow 综合污染指数,采样土壤被划分为中度污染。铅同位素和主成分分析(PCA)分析表明,猪废水灌溉和大气沉降是重金属的主要来源。
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引用次数: 0
Microplastic Pollution in High Population Density Zones of Selected Rivers from Southeast Asia 东南亚部分河流高人口密度区的微塑料污染情况
IF 2.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03901-1
Anh Tuan Ta, Sandhya Babel, Loan Thi Phuong Nguyen, Emenda Sembiring

Southeast Asia (SEA) faces significant environmental challenges due to rapid population growth and economic activity. Rivers in the region are major sources of plastic waste in oceans. Concerns about their contribution have grown, but knowledge of microplastics in the area is still limited. This article compares microplastic levels in sediment and water from urban zones of three major rivers in SEA: Chao Phraya River (Thailand), Saigon River (Vietnam), and Citarum River (Indonesia). The study reveals that in all three rivers, microplastics were found, with the highest concentrations in Chao Phraya’s water (80 ± 60 items/m3) and Saigon’s sediment (9167 ± 4559 items/kg). The variations in microplastic sizes and concentrations among these rivers may be attributed to environmental factors and the exposure duration of plastic to the environment. Since these rivers are important water supply sources, rigorous land-use regulations and raising public awareness are crucial to mitigate plastic and microplastic pollution.

由于人口和经济活动的快速增长,东南亚(SEA)面临着巨大的环境挑战。该地区的河流是海洋塑料废物的主要来源。人们对河流所造成的影响越来越关注,但对该地区微塑料的了解仍然有限。本文比较了东南亚地区三条主要河流的城市区域沉积物和水中的微塑料含量:湄南河(泰国)、西贡河(越南)和西塔伦河(印度尼西亚)。研究显示,这三条河流都发现了微塑料,其中湄南河水(80 ± 60 微粒/立方米)和西贡河沉积物(9167 ± 4559 微粒/千克)中的微塑料浓度最高。这些河流中微塑料大小和浓度的差异可能与环境因素和塑料在环境中的暴露时间有关。由于这些河流是重要的供水来源,因此严格的土地使用法规和提高公众意识对于减轻塑料和微塑料污染至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Microplastic in Dredged Sediments: From Databases to Strategic Responses 疏浚沉积物中的微塑料:从数据库到战略对策
IF 2.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03878-x
J. L. Wilkens, A. J. Calomeni-Eck, J. Boyda, A. Kennedy, A. D. McQueen

Microplastics (MPs) accumulate in sediments, yet guidelines for evaluating MP risks in dredged sediments are lacking. The objective of this study was to review existing literature on MPs in sediments to improve fundamental knowledge of MP exposures and develop a publicly available database of MPs in sediments. Twelve percent of the reviewed papers (nine studies) included sediment core samples with MP concentrations generally decreasing with depth, peaking in the top 15 cm. The remaining papers evaluated surficial grab samples (0 to 15 cm depth) from various water bodies with MPs detected in almost every sample. Median MP concentrations (items/kg dry sediment) increased in this order: lakes and reservoirs (184), estuarine (263), Great Lakes nearshore areas and tributaries (290), riverine (410), nearshore marine areas (487), dredge activities (817), and harbors (948). Dredging of recurrent shoaling sediments could be expected to contain MPs at various depths with concentrations influenced by the time elapsed since the last dredging event. These results offer key insights into the presence and variability of MPs in dredged sediments, informing environmental monitoring and risk assessment strategies.

微塑料(MPs)会在沉积物中积累,但目前还缺乏评估疏浚沉积物中 MP 风险的指南。本研究的目的是回顾有关沉积物中 MPs 的现有文献,以提高对 MP 暴露的基本认识,并开发一个公开可用的沉积物中 MPs 数据库。12%的综述论文(9 项研究)包含沉积物核心样本,其 MP 浓度一般随深度递减,在顶部 15 厘米处达到峰值。其余论文评估了来自不同水体的表层抓取样本(0 至 15 厘米深),几乎每个样本中都检测到了多溴联苯。多溴联苯醚浓度中值(项目/千克干沉积物)依次增加:湖泊和水库(184)、河口(263)、五大湖近岸区域和支流(290)、河流(410)、近岸海域(487)、疏浚活动(817)和港口(948)。对经常性滩涂沉积物的疏浚预计会在不同深度含有 MPs,其浓度受上一次疏浚活动后的时间影响。这些结果为了解疏浚沉积物中 MPs 的存在和可变性提供了重要信息,为环境监测和风险评估战略提供了参考。
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引用次数: 0
Carbon Dots Modified Multi Dopants Nitrogen and Boron for an Early Detection of Lead in the Environment 用于早期检测环境中铅含量的多掺杂氮和硼修饰碳点
IF 2.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03892-z
Suherman Suherman, Andrian Nardus Yoel, Adhitasari Suratman, Mudasir Mudasir

The remarkable optical properties and strong biocompatibility of carbon dots make them highly promising for applications in biochemical sensing and environmental testing. These carbon dots possess a surface that is easily modifiable. In this study, carbon dots have been successfully synthesized and modified by the addition of N and B dopants using the microwave method, along with the functionalization of their surface functional groups with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The maximum fluorescence intensity of N, B-CDs is observed at 462 nm when excited at a wavelength of 352 nm. N, B-CDs have a spherical size with a diameter ranging from 2 to 6 nm, confirmed by UV-Vis absorption spectra and the presence of functional groups in the FT-IR absorption patterns. BSA-functionalized N, B-CDs as the fluorescent probe demonstrate great potential as a sensor for Pb(II) ions in water, with a very low detection limit of 1.05 µg/L. This research could contribute to the development of fluorescence nanosensors.

碳点具有卓越的光学特性和很强的生物相容性,因此在生化传感和环境检测领域的应用前景非常广阔。这些碳点具有易于修饰的表面。本研究成功合成了碳点,并利用微波法添加了 N 和 B 掺杂剂,同时用牛血清白蛋白(BSA)对其表面官能团进行了修饰。在 352 纳米波长的激发下,N、B-CDs 的最大荧光强度为 462 纳米。紫外-可见吸收光谱和傅立叶变换红外吸收图谱证实,N,B-CD 具有球形大小,直径在 2 到 6 纳米之间。作为荧光探针的 BSA 功能化 N、B-CDs 具有作为水中铅(II)离子传感器的巨大潜力,其检测限极低,仅为 1.05 µg/L。这项研究有助于荧光纳米传感器的开发。
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引用次数: 0
Biodegradation of Trichloroethylene by Trametes versicolor and its Physiological Response to Contaminant Stress Trametes versicolor 对三氯乙烯的生物降解及其对污染物压力的生理反应
IF 2.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-04-27 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03898-7
Dawen Gao, Meng Li, Teng Tang, Hong Liang, Guanyu Chen, Litao Wang, Yuhong Bai, Ying Li

Trichloroethylene (TCE) poses a potentially toxic threat to humans and the environment and widely exists in contaminated sites. White rot fungi effectively degrade refractory pollutants, while a few research studies use white rot fungi to degrade TCE. In this study, we investigated TCE biodegradation by white rot fungi and the potential influencing factors in the environment and attempted to research the effect of TCE on the physiological characteristics of white rot fungi. White rot fungi (Trametes versicolor, Pseudotrametes gibbosa, Pycnoporus sanguines and Pleurotus ostreatus) were added to the liquid medium for shock culture. The results revealed that T. versicolor exhibited the most pronounced efficacy in removing TCE, with a degradation rate of 81.10% within a 7 d period. TCE induces and is degraded by cytochrome P450 enzymes. High pH and Cr(VI) adversely affected the effectiveness of the biodegradation of TCE, but the salinity range of 0–1% had less effect on biodegradation. Overall, the effectiveness of degradation of TCE by T. versicolor has been demonstrated, and it provides a reference for the application prospects of white rot fungi in TCE-contaminated soils.

三氯乙烯(TCE)对人类和环境构成潜在的毒性威胁,并广泛存在于受污染的场地中。白腐真菌能有效降解难降解污染物,但利用白腐真菌降解三氯乙烯的研究为数不多。本研究调查了白腐真菌对 TCE 的生物降解作用及环境中的潜在影响因素,并尝试研究 TCE 对白腐真菌生理特性的影响。在液体培养基中加入白腐真菌(Trametes versicolor、Pseudotrametes gibbosa、Pycnoporus sanguines 和 Pleurotus ostreatus)进行震荡培养。结果表明,T. versicolor 对 TCE 的去除效果最明显,7 天内降解率达 81.10%。TCE 可诱导细胞色素 P450 酶并被其降解。高 pH 值和六价铬对 TCE 的生物降解效果有不利影响,但 0-1% 的盐度范围对生物降解的影响较小。总之,T. versicolor 对 TCE 的降解效果得到了证实,为白腐真菌在 TCE 污染土壤中的应用前景提供了参考。
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引用次数: 0
Detection of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds in Tap Water Samples by Direct Injection HPLC/MS-MS: A Danger Signal in Deficiency in Residue Management. 通过直接注射 HPLC/MS-MS 检测自来水样品中的药物活性化合物:残留物管理不足的危险信号。
IF 2.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03897-8
A. Aaron Peregrina-Lucano, Judith Mendoza-Michel, Ariana Rodríguez-Arreola, Gabriela Peña-Velasco
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引用次数: 0
Toxicogenomics of Five Cytostatics in Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) Larvae 五种细胞抑制剂在黑头鲦鱼(Pimephales promelas)幼体中的毒性基因组学研究
IF 2.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03896-9
DC Castañeda-Cortés, M Lefebvre-Raine, G Triffault‐Bouchet, VS Langlois

In this study, the toxicogenomic effects of five cytostatics (tamoxifen, methotrexate, capecitabine, cyclophosphamide, and ifosfamide) on fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) larvae were evaluated. Post-fertilization eggs were exposed to increasing concentrations of the drugs for six days. The expression levels of two genetic biomarkers for toxicity and four thyroid hormone-related gene pathways were measured. Interestingly, the results showed that all concentrations of the five cytostatics affect the transcription levels of both toxicity biomarker genes. Additionally, the thyroid hormone-related genes had different expression levels than the control, with the most significant changes observed in those larvae exposed to cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide. While a previous study found no effects on fish morphology, this study suggests that the five cytostatics modify subtle molecular responses of P. promelas, highlighting the importance of assessing multibiological level endpoints throughout the lifecycle of animals to understand the full portrait of potential effects of cytostatics and other contaminants.

本研究评估了五种细胞抑制剂(他莫昔芬、甲氨蝶呤、卡培他滨、环磷酰胺和ifosfamide)对黑头呆鱼(Pimephales promelas)幼虫的毒性基因组效应。受精后的卵在浓度不断增加的药物中暴露六天。测量了两种毒性基因生物标志物和四种甲状腺激素相关基因通路的表达水平。有趣的是,结果显示,五种细胞抑制剂的所有浓度都会影响两种毒性生物标志基因的转录水平。此外,甲状腺激素相关基因的表达水平与对照组不同,在接触环磷酰胺和伊福酰胺的幼虫中观察到的变化最为显著。虽然之前的一项研究发现细胞抑制剂对鱼类的形态没有影响,但这项研究表明,这五种细胞抑制剂会改变海鲈鱼微妙的分子反应,突出了在动物的整个生命周期中评估多生物水平终点的重要性,以了解细胞抑制剂和其他污染物潜在影响的全貌。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Inoculation of Two Strains of Rhizobacteria on Radionuclide Transfer in Sesbania Grandiflora 接种两种根瘤菌对大花芝兰放射性核素转移的影响
IF 2.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03889-8
M. S. Al-Masri, M. I.E. Arabi, A. Al-Daoude, A. Adam, Y. Amin, A. Shoaib, H. Khalily, Y. Al-Khateeb, I. Khalil, W. Al-Masri, M. Rajeh

Transfer factors of some naturally-occurring and artificial radionuclides from an agricultural soil to rhizobacteria-treated Sesbania grandiflora, a small leguminous tree, were studied. Two plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains (SCR17 and PCE2) were used to carry out an agricultural experiment in pots in semi-arid region (Syria). The results showed the bacterial strain (SCR17) increased the transfer and accumulation of 238U and 40K in Sesbania grandiflora, while both bacterial strains showed no effect on the accumulation of 234Th, 226Ra, 210Po and 210Pb in the treated plants. The transfer factor of 137Cs from soil to rhizobacteria-treated Sesbania grandiflora was negligible. The values of the transfer factors of 234Th, 226Ra, 210Po and 40K were found to be within the global values, while the values of the transfer factors of 238U and 210Pb were found to be relatively higher. This study highlights the importance of using Phytoremediation by PGPR strains for radionuclides-contaminated soils. Therefore, this method is a promising technique for the restoration and rehabilitation of contaminated sites with radionuclides, as it is low cost, easy to apply, and environmentally friendly.

研究了一些天然存在和人工放射性核素从农业土壤向经过根瘤菌处理的小豆科植物大叶女贞(Sesbania grandiflora)的转移因子。在半干旱地区(叙利亚)的盆栽农业实验中,使用了两种植物生长促进根瘤菌(PGPR)菌株(SCR17 和 PCE2)。结果表明,细菌菌株(SCR17)增加了 238U 和 40K 在大花芝麻中的转移和积累,而这两种细菌菌株对 234Th、226Ra、210Po 和 210Pb 在处理过的植物中的积累没有影响。137Cs 从土壤向根瘤菌处理过的大叶黄杨的转移因子可以忽略不计。234Th、226Ra、210Po 和 40K 的转移因子值在全球范围内,而 238U 和 210Pb 的转移因子值则相对较高。这项研究强调了利用 PGPR 菌株对放射性核素污染土壤进行植物修复的重要性。因此,这种方法成本低、易于应用且对环境友好,是一种很有前景的放射性核素污染场地修复和复原技术。
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引用次数: 0
Magnetic Poly(Amidoamine) Dendrimer for the Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction of Nitrophenols from Environmental Water Samples 磁性聚(氨基胺)树枝状聚合物用于分散固相萃取环境水样中的硝基苯酚
IF 2.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03890-1
Hadi Ghanbarnejad, Vanik Ghoulipour, Faezeh Khalilian

A fast and simple dispersive solid phase extraction method is described for nitrophenols determination in water samples by using gas chromatography-nitrogen phosphorous detector. Firstly, the Poly(amidoamine) grafted Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized in different generations by successive addition of butyl acrylate and ethylenediamine. After characterization, the prepared dendrimer was utilized as an adsorbent for magnetic solid phase extraction of 2-nitrophenol, 3-nitrophenol, and 4-nitrophenol to benefit large number of surface amine interaction sites. The effects of the different parameters influencing the sample preparation efficiency were investigated. The proposed method showed linearity in the ranges of 0.04–700 and 0.05–700 µg/dm3 for nitrophenols. The obtained limits of detection and quantification under optimized conditions were 0.01–0.02 and 0.04–0.05 µg/dm3, respectively. The relative standard deviations (n = 5) were less than 3.8% (at 10 µg/dm3). Moreover, the calculated enrichment factors were above 200. In addition, the relative recoveries for a spiked river water sample were satisfactory.

介绍了一种利用气相色谱-氮磷检测器快速、简便地测定水样中硝基苯酚含量的分散固相萃取法。首先,通过连续添加丙烯酸丁酯和乙二胺合成了不同世代的聚(氨基胺)接枝 Fe3O4 磁性纳米粒子。表征后,利用制备的树枝状聚合物作为吸附剂,对 2-硝基苯酚、3-硝基苯酚和 4-硝基苯酚进行磁性固相萃取,以获得大量的表面胺相互作用位点。研究了不同参数对样品制备效率的影响。所建议的方法在 0.04-700 和 0.05-700 µg/dm3 的范围内对硝基苯酚具有线性关系。在优化条件下获得的检测和定量限分别为 0.01-0.02 和 0.04-0.05 µg/dm3。相对标准偏差(n = 5)小于 3.8%(10 µg/dm3)。此外,计算得出的富集因子均高于 200。此外,加标河水样本的相对回收率也令人满意。
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引用次数: 0
Photochemical Degradation of the New Nicotine Pesticide Acetamiprid in Water 新型烟碱农药啶虫脒在水中的光化学降解
IF 2.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-04-14 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03875-0
Huimin Zhu, Xinqi Zhang, Changjian Li, Xueru Li, Jinyuan Wu

Acetamiprid is a novel nicotinic pesticide widely used in modern agriculture because of its low toxicity and specific biological target properties. The objective of this study was to understand the photolysis pattern of acetamiprid in the water column and elucidate its degradation products and mechanism. It was observed that acetamiprid exhibited different photolysis rates under different light source conditions in pure water, with ultraviolet > fluorescence > sunlight; furthermore, its photolysis half-life ranged from 17.3 to 28.6 h. In addition, alkaline conditions (pH 9.0) accelerated its photolysis rate, which increased with pH. Using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, five direct photolysis products generated during the exposure of acetamiprid to pure water were successfully separated and identified. The molecular structure of acetamiprid was further analyzed using density functional theory, and the active photodegradation sites of acetamiprid were predicted. The mechanism of the photolytic transformation of acetamiprid in water was mainly related to hydroxyl substitution and oxidation. Based on these findings, a comprehensive transformation pathway for acetamiprid was proposed.

啶虫脒是一种新型烟碱类杀虫剂,因其毒性低且具有特定的生物靶标特性而被广泛应用于现代农业。本研究旨在了解啶虫脒在水体中的光解模式,并阐明其降解产物和机理。研究发现,啶虫脒在纯水、紫外线、荧光和阳光等不同光源条件下表现出不同的光解速率,其光解半衰期在17.3至28.6 h之间。利用气相色谱-质谱法,成功分离并鉴定了啶虫脒暴露于纯水时产生的五种直接光解产物。利用密度泛函理论进一步分析了啶虫脒的分子结构,并预测了啶虫脒的光降解活性位点。啶虫脒在水中的光解转化机理主要与羟基取代和氧化作用有关。基于这些发现,提出了啶虫脒的综合转化途径。
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引用次数: 0
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Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
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