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Political theology, radical democracy, and explorations of liberation 政治神学、激进民主和解放探索
Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.4102/hts.v80i1.9739
G. J. V. Van Wyngaard
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引用次数: 0
The influence of Islam on Zulu Muslims in KwaZulu-Natal 伊斯兰教对夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省祖鲁族穆斯林的影响
Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.4102/hts.v80i1.9478
S. E. Ngubane, Maniraj Sukdaven
This article explores the influence of Islam among the Zulu Muslims in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). Although several studies focus on the history and experiences of the Asian diaspora or Asian Muslim community, there is a considerable lack of literature on the influence of Islam on the Zulu Muslims’ personal experiences beyond the conversion narratives. This study seeks to examine the impact of Islam on the cultural and religious identities of individuals who have converted to Islam within the Zulu community. This research article used qualitative research with a phenomenological approach conducted in several areas in KZN. The data for this study were acquired from literature, interviews and observations conducted among the Zulu Muslims in KZN. The data analysis technique employed in this work utilises a comprehensive approach, wherein all the acquired data are considered significant, and no reduction is applied.Contribution: The non-Muslim Zulus in KZN tend to stigmatise Zulu Muslim converts, perceiving them as having abandoned their cultural heritage. The Zulu Muslims who converted to Islam developed their own unique interpretation of the religion by blending Islamic principles with Zulu cultural elements. This allowed them to establish a sense of identity that they believe to be both authentically Zulu and free from colonial influences, in contrast to the Christianised Zulu population.
本文探讨了伊斯兰教对夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省(KZN)祖鲁族穆斯林的影响。尽管一些研究侧重于亚洲移民社群或亚洲穆斯林社区的历史和经历,但除了皈依叙事之外,有关伊斯兰教对祖鲁穆斯林个人经历的影响的文献还相当缺乏。本研究试图探讨伊斯兰教对祖鲁族中皈依伊斯兰教的个人的文化和宗教身份的影响。本研究文章采用定性研究和现象学方法,在克钦邦的几个地区进行了研究。研究数据来自文献、访谈和对克州祖鲁族穆斯林的观察。本文采用的数据分析技术是一种综合方法,即所有获得的数据都被视为重要数据,不作任何删减:克州的非穆斯林祖鲁人倾向于鄙视皈依伊斯兰教的祖鲁穆斯林,认为他们抛弃了自己的文化遗产。皈依伊斯兰教的祖鲁族穆斯林将伊斯兰教原则与祖鲁族文化元素相融合,形成了自己对宗教的独特诠释。这使他们能够建立一种身份认同感,他们认为这种身份认同感既是真正的祖鲁人,又不受殖民主义的影响,与基督教化的祖鲁人形成鲜明对比。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the responses of non-churchgoers to a cathedral pre-Christmas son et lumiere 探索非教会信徒对圣诞节前大教堂 "圣歌与灯光 "活动的反应
Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.4102/hts.v80i1.9347
Ursula Mckenna, Leslie J. Francis, A. Village, Francis Stewart
Two conceptual strands of research within the field of cathedral studies have theorised the capacity of Anglican cathedrals to engage more successfully than parish churches with the wider non-churchgoing community. One strand has explored mobilising cathedral metaphors, and the other strand has explored the notion of implicit religion. Both strands illuminate the power of events and installations to soften the boundaries between common ground and sacred space. Drawing on a quantitative survey among 978 people who attended the pre-Christmas son et lumiere at Liverpool Cathedral during December 2022, the present study analyses the qualitative responses of 123 participants who never attend church services. Three categories of themes emerged from these data, concerning the Cathedral itself, the installation, and discordant experience.Contribution: Situated within the science of cathedral studies, this article draws on original qualitative data to illuminate the experiences of participants who never attend church services when engaging with the pre-Christmas son et lumiere at a major cathedral. Conceptualised within the framework of implicit religion, these data confirmed how the son et lumiere succeeded in softening boundaries between the sacred and the secular and provided a deeply moving experience. As one participant said, ‘I am not religious, but I had the best experience ever’.
大教堂研究领域的两项概念性研究从理论上探讨了英国圣公会大教堂比教区教堂更成功地与更广泛的非教会社区进行互动的能力。其中一个方面探讨了如何调动大教堂的隐喻,而另一个方面则探讨了隐性宗教的概念。这两个方面都阐明了活动和装置在缓和公共场所与神圣空间之间的界限方面所具有的力量。本研究通过对 978 名参加了 2022 年 12 月利物浦大教堂圣诞节前的 "阳光与光明 "活动的人进行定量调查,分析了 123 名从不参加教堂礼拜的参与者的定性回答。这些数据产生了三类主题,分别涉及大教堂本身、装置和不和谐体验:本文从大教堂研究的科学视角出发,利用原始定性数据,揭示了从不参加教堂礼拜的参与者在参与一座大型大教堂圣诞节前的 "阳光与光明 "活动时的体验。这些数据在隐性宗教的框架内进行了概念化,证实了 "圣歌与灯火 "如何成功地淡化了神圣与世俗之间的界限,并提供了一种感人至深的体验。正如一位参与者所说,"我不信教,但我有过最美好的体验"。
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引用次数: 0
Spirituality in Pentecostalism in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A missiological reflection on constitutive elements 刚果民主共和国五旬节派的灵性:对构成要素的使命传播学思考
Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.4102/hts.v80i1.9752
Mayuka G. Bondo
This article analysed the constituent elements of Pentecostal spirituality from a missiological perspective. It specifically examined the current elements of spirituality in Pentecostalism in the Democratic Republic of Congo and assessed their consequences for doctrine and church growth. To achieve this goal, the study uses the analytical method. It argued that the fundamental components of Pentecostal spirituality are the supernatural encounter with God, the practice of charismatic gifts and missionary passion. These elements interact and overlap, making Pentecostal theology distinctive. The first Pentecostals saw themselves as the prototype of a restored community in this sense. The gestures, including dances, applause and other practices, are a way of expressing faith and demonstrating that the charismatic phenomena experienced are a result of the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, confirming his empowerment. This also confirms that, like the branches of the vine, the Church is the Body of Christ.Contribution: This article focusses on the present constitutive elements of spirituality in Pentecostalism in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It urges Christians to pursue the divine initiative, which is the action of the Holy Spirit in the churches. Understanding the constitutive elements of spirituality will restore the basic characteristics of the early church in present Pentecostalism.
本文从宣教的角度分析了五旬节派灵修的构成要素。它具体研究了刚果民主共和国五旬节派灵修的现有要素,并评估了这些要素对教义和教会发展的影响。为实现这一目标,研究采用了分析方法。研究认为,五旬节派灵修的基本要素是与上帝的超自然相遇、灵恩恩赐的实践和传教热情。这些要素相互作用、相互重叠,使五旬节派神学与众不同。从这个意义上讲,最早的五旬节派信徒把自己看作是一个恢复社区的原型。包括舞蹈、鼓掌和其他做法在内的姿态是表达信仰的一种方式,表明所经历的灵恩现象是圣灵浇灌的结果,证实了圣灵的赋权。这也证实了教会就像葡萄树的枝子一样,是基督的身体:本文重点论述了目前刚果民主共和国五旬节派灵修的构成要素。文章敦促基督徒追求神圣的倡议,即圣灵在教会中的行动。了解灵修的构成要素将在当前的五旬节派中恢复早期教会的基本特征。
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引用次数: 0
Cultural dynamics of gender-based violence and pastoral care in South Africa 南非基于性别的暴力和牧师关怀的文化动力
Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.4102/hts.v80i2.9353
L. Mudimeli, H. P. Khosa-Nkatini
Gender-based violence is a prevalent issue that impacts most South Africans. The spread of sexual violence has created and atmosphere of intense fear in most homes. African cultural norms have helped to facilitate the continuation of discrimination against women. In African cultures, cases of abuse are often marginalised and considered an irrelevant reason for seeking a divorce. This has resulted in some women being forced to endure years of domestic abuse in their marriages, and they have even passed on this resilient mentality to more recent generations of married women. It is crucial to realise that the Recognition of Common Legislation Marriages Act, which is a part of South African legislation, acknowledges customs like polygamy and lobola. Lobola and polygamous marriages, among other practices, have been linked to major increases in the maltreatment of women, according to certain African researchers. In this particular study, the researcher aims to examine the impact of culturally induced gender-based violence (GBV) on pastoral care practices in South Africa, specifically focusing on the experiences and needs of South African women within abusive marriages. It is important to recognise that GBV is rooted in patriarchy, which promotes a culture of male power over women. In this research, qualitative methods will be employed to investigate how this unhealthy power dynamic encourages men to behave violently towards women.Contribution: This study delves into the intricate relationship between culturally induced GBV and pastoral care in South Africa. Focused on the surge in violence, it employs qualitative methods to explore women’s experiences, revealing the connection between violence and entrenched patriarchal structures. The research seeks to inform and enhance pastoral practices in addressing GBV.
性别暴力是影响大多数南非人的一个普遍问题。性暴力的蔓延在大多数家庭中造成了强烈的恐惧气氛。非洲的文化规范助长了对妇女的歧视。在非洲文化中,虐待案件往往被边缘化,并被视为寻求离婚的无关理由。这导致一些妇女在婚姻中被迫忍受多年的家庭虐待,她们甚至将这种顽强的心态传给了最近几代已婚妇女。必须认识到,作为南非立法一部分的《承认普通立法婚姻法》承认一夫多妻制和 Lobola 等习俗。某些非洲研究人员认为,除其他习俗外,一夫多妻制和一夫多妻制与虐待妇女现象的严重增加有 关。在这项特殊研究中,研究人员旨在考察文化诱发的性别暴力(GBV)对南非牧灵关怀实践的影响,特别关注南非妇女在受虐待婚姻中的经历和需求。必须认识到,基于性别的暴力植根于父权制,而父权制助长了男权凌驾于女性之上的文化。在本研究中,将采用定性方法来调查这种不健康的权力动态是如何鼓励男性对女性采取暴力行为的:本研究深入探讨了南非由文化诱发的性别暴力与牧灵关怀之间错综复杂的关系。本研究以暴力激增为重点,采用定性方法探讨妇女的经历,揭示暴力与根深蒂固的父权制结构之间的联系。研究旨在为解决基于性别的暴力问题提供信息,并加强牧区实践。
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引用次数: 0
The process of spiritual transformation to attain Nafs al-muṭmaʾinnah in Islamic psychology 伊斯兰心理学中实现 Nafs al-muṭmaʾinnah 的精神转变过程
Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.4102/hts.v80i1.8526
Nita Trimulyaningsih, M. Subandi, K. Yuniarti
Positive changes or transformations have been the subject of study within spiritual traditions as well as humanistic and transpersonal psychology. The aim of the current study is to understand the process of transformation among Moslems in Indonesia, who follow spiritual practices, to achieve the nafs al-muṭma ínnah [tranquil self]. Ten participants in Yogyakarta province were involved in this study. They were recruited using nafs al-muṭmaʾinnah scale developed by the authors. In-depth interviews of both the participants and their significant others were conducted. To analyse the data, an interpretative phenomenological analysis was employed. Five themes emerged from the data, including deviation from the basis of religious environment, spiritual discipline, transformative experiences, new characters and a continuous process. We conclude that participants experience spiritual-religious transformation and achieve the state of nafs al-muṭma ínnah [tranquil self]. The process of transformation occurs gradually after a sudden experience, and it continuously happens throughout the course of life. Three factors contribute to the transformation, including the role of predisposition, the role of a spiritual guide and the role of spiritual experiences.Contribution: As the study of spiritual-religious transformation is mainly conducted within a Judea-Christian tradition, this study significantly contributes to the literature by providing spiritual-religious transformation from an Islamic-Sufi perspective.
积极的变化或转变一直是精神传统以及人本主义和超个人心理学的研究课题。本研究的目的是了解印度尼西亚穆斯林为实现 nafs al-muṭma ínnah [宁静的自我]而进行精神修炼的转变过程。日惹省的十名参与者参与了这项研究。他们是通过作者编制的 nafs al-muṭmaʾinnah 量表招募的。研究人员对参与者及其重要他人进行了深入访谈。在分析数据时,采用了解释现象学分析法。从数据中得出了五个主题,包括偏离宗教环境基础、精神修养、转变性体验、新角色和持续过程。我们的结论是,参与者经历了精神-宗教转变,达到了 nafs al-muṭma ínnah [宁静的自我] 的境界。转变的过程是在突然经历之后逐渐发生的,并在整个生命过程中持续进行。促成转变的因素有三个,包括先天条件的作用、精神导师的作用和精神体验的作用:由于对精神-宗教转变的研究主要是在犹太-基督教传统中进行的,本研究从伊斯兰-苏菲派的视角提供了精神-宗教转变的情况,从而对文献做出了重大贡献。
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引用次数: 0
The negative words and religious turn of Laozi’s Dao theory 老子道论的消极言说与宗教转向
Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.4102/hts.v80i3.9678
Youdong Yang
Besides concepts such as ‘being’ (有 [you]) and ‘non-being’ (无 [wu]), nature and the One to reveal the relationship between Dao and the phenomenal world from a positive perspective, Laozi used negative words, forming a speech system comprising ‘opposite words’ (反言 [fanyan]), ‘forcible words’ (强言 [qiangyan]) and ‘non-words’ (不言 [buyan]). Opposite words contradict common sense to indicate that Dao should be understood in an intuitive way. Forcible words, by analogy with natural experience, describe the perceptive factors upon seeing Dao, trying to restore the corresponding experience. Non-words declare the contradiction that Dao cannot be expressed by language and urge a leap beyond reason and speculation to encounter Dao. Early religious Daoist scholars understood the spiritual realm identified with Dao advocated by Laozi and combined the experience of seeing Dao with the belief in immortality (神仙 [shenxian]) and the alchemical arts (方术 [fangshu]) to enable the religious interpretation of Laozi’s Dao theory, thus constructing the theoretical correlation between the basic principles of religious Daoism and Laozi’s thought.Contribution: This article analyses Laozi’s negative words on Dao and the relationship thereof with the experience of seeing Dao, which is based on the interaction between an individual and Dao. Finally, it illustrates that the early Daoist classics studying Laozi understood the spiritual realm of Dao as underlined by negative words and combined the belief in immortality and the alchemical arts to transform Laozi’s thoughts to reveal the religious philosophy in Laozi’s Dao theory.
除了 "有 "和 "无 "等概念外,"自然 "和 "一 "从正面揭示了道与现象世界的关系、老子使用反言,形成了由 "反言"、"强言 "和 "不言 "组成的话语体系。反言与常理相悖,表示应以直观的方式理解 "道"。强词类比自然经验,描述看到道时的感知因素,试图还原相应的经验。非言 "则宣告了 "道 "无法用语言表达的矛盾,敦促人们超越理性和推测,与 "道 "相遇。早期宗教道教学者理解了老子所倡导的道的精神境界,并将见道体验与神仙信仰和炼丹术结合起来,对老子的道理论进行宗教阐释,从而构建了宗教道教基本原则与老子思想之间的理论关联:贡献:本文分析了老子对 "道 "的否定性论述及其与以个体与 "道 "的互动为基础的 "见道 "体验之间的关系。最后,文章阐述了研究老子的早期道家经典对否定之词所强调的道的精神境界的理解,并结合长生信仰和炼丹术对老子思想进行了改造,从而揭示了老子道论中的宗教哲学。
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引用次数: 0
Interpreting paired phenomena in the Hebrew Psalter and in African indigenous sacred texts 解读希伯来诗篇和非洲土著圣典中的配对现象
Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.4102/hts.v80i2.8878
Michael K. Mensah
The Hebrew Psalter is a repertoire of paired phenomena. From parallelisms to twin Psalms, biblical scholars have paid attention to these structural and poetical features as keys to unlocking and interpreting the meaning and theology of these psalms. Unfortunately, the otherwise admirable results of these exegetical works remain abstract and largely removed from the interests of the African reader. An alternative way of engaging these texts is to realise that paired phenomena are not exclusive to the Hebrew Psalter. African indigenous sacred texts such as the Adinkra of the Akan people equally contain similar phenomena though relatively little attention has been paid to them. This article, using a dialogical approach of African Biblical Hermeneutics, studies the twin Psalms 111 and 112 as an example of a paired phenomenon in the Psalter. It brings this text into dialogue with the Adinkra denkyemfunefu to illustrate how focussing on similar structural phenomena in either text uncovers the same theme of the common good in either text and facilitates the reception of the biblical discourse in contemporary African contexts.Contribution: It is argued that common literary features in biblical and African indigenous sacred texts could be harnessed as vehicles for facilitating the reception of biblical discourse in contemporary Africa.
希伯来诗篇是一个成对现象的剧目。从平行诗篇到孪生诗篇,圣经学者们一直关注这些结构和诗歌特征,将其作为开启和解释这些诗篇的意义和神学的钥匙。遗憾的是,这些训诂学著作原本令人钦佩的成果却依然抽象,在很大程度上脱离了非洲读者的兴趣。接触这些文本的另一种方式是认识到配对现象并非希伯来诗篇所独有。非洲本土的神圣文本,如阿坎人的阿丁卡拉(Adinkra),同样包含类似的现象,但对它们的关注相对较少。本文采用非洲圣经诠释学的对话方法,研究了诗篇 111 和 112 这对孪生诗篇,将其作为诗篇中成对现象的一个例子。文章将该诗篇与《阿丁克拉箴言》(Adinkra denkyemfunefu)进行对话,以说明关注两个诗篇中相似的结构现象如何在两个诗篇中发现相同的共同利益主题,并促进《圣经》话语在当代非洲语境中的接受:贡献:本文论证了《圣经》和非洲土著圣典中的共同文学特征,可作为促进当代非洲人接受《圣经》话语的工具。
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引用次数: 0
The role of storytelling as a possible trauma release for war veterans: A narrative approach 讲故事对退伍军人释放创伤的作用:叙事方法
Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.4102/hts.v80i1.9408
Nicole Dickson, Johann-Albrecht Meylahn
The master narrative of Apartheid South Africa created a specific identity for white boys and men and, together with this identity, a very particular role and place within the South African context. This identity was exemplified in the men who were conscripted into the military from 1967 until 1994, and who participated in operations on the border regions of Namibia and Angola as well as within local townships in the war of liberation against apartheid and minority rule. Many veterans have been left grappling not only with the traumas associated with combat but also with the loss of their identities as war heroes in a country under changed political control. As a result, many of their personal stories and experiences of combat have been silenced by society at large and also, to varying degrees, within their own families, the Church, and among the younger generation who have grown up under a different dispensation. The conflict between vacillating narratives of villains who fought on the wrong side of history and victims of a closed socialisation system has supported the identity struggle faced by many veterans today. Against this backstory, this article explores the effects of storytelling as a trauma release using a narrative approach.Contribution: This article offers a contribution to the use of storytelling in pastoral conversations as a trauma release for untold stories. This insight links to the focus and scope of the journal as a pastoral narrative approach has been used under the umbrella of Practical Theology.
南非种族隔离制度的主叙事为白人男孩和男子创造了一种特殊的身份,与这种身份一起,他们在南非的环境中也扮演着一种非常特殊的角色和地位。这种身份体现在 1967 年至 1994 年期间应征入伍的男子身上,他们在反对种族隔离和少数民族统治的解放战争中参加了纳米比亚和安哥拉边境地区以及当地城镇的行动。许多退伍军人不仅要面对与战斗有关的创伤,还要面对在一个政治控制发生变化的国家中失去战争英雄身份的问题。因此,他们的许多个人经历和战斗故事被整个社会压制,在不同程度上,在他们自己的家庭、教会以及在不同制度下成长起来的年轻一代中也被压制。站在历史错误一边战斗的恶棍与封闭的社会化体系的受害者这两种摇摆不定的叙事之间的冲突,支撑着今天许多退伍军人所面临的身份认同之争。在这一背景下,本文采用叙事方法探讨了讲故事作为创伤释放手段的效果:本文对在牧灵谈话中使用讲故事来释放未曾诉说的创伤做出了贡献。这一见解与本刊的重点和范围有关,因为牧灵叙事方法已在实践神学的框架下使用。
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引用次数: 0
The Lord’s Prayer in Matthew 6:9–13: Reconstructing based on Byzantine text 马太福音》6:9-13 中的主祷文:根据拜占庭文本重构
Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.4102/hts.v80i1.9439
Yonathan Purnomo, Muner Daliman, Timotius Sukarna, Hana Suparti, D. Ming
Prayer holds a profound significance in a believer’s life, with Lord Jesus teaching specific teachings to his disciples on the subject. It serves as a communication tool bridging the connection between God and humanity, constituting a dialogue rather than solely a platform for pleas or requests. This research delved into the specific text of prayer, focusing on Matthew 6:9–13, commonly known as ‘The Lord’s Prayer’. While many Christians interpret it as a ‘prayer of supplication’, the study questioned whether it truly falls into that category and explored potential contradictions.Utilising a qualitative approach with a pure exegesis study, the author employed hermeneutics based on John D. Grassmick’s steps of exegesis analysis. The examination was centred on the Byzantine Greek Bible text in the Gospel of Matthew 6:14–15. The aim was to grasp the essence of the message within the studied texts, emphasising Lord Jesus’ teachings. Results highlighted the significance of understanding the Lord’s Prayer as taught by Jesus in Matthew 6:9–13. The author emphasised the importance for Christians in Indonesia to comprehend the meaning of this prayer.Contribution: This reconstruction of Matthew’s understanding of the Lord’s Prayer using the Byzantine text anticipated contributions to HTS Theological Studies. The Our Father’s Prayer, a blessing to churches and Christians for over 2000 years, was explored for its proper grammatical translation and the profound contents taught by Jesus. This study aimed to assist Christians in understanding and applying the prayer in their lives, aligning with the true faith and fostering spiritual growth as intended by Lord Jesus.
祷告在信徒的生活中具有深远的意义,主耶稣曾就这一主题向他的门徒们传授过具体的教导。祷告是沟通上帝与人类的桥梁,是一种对话,而不仅仅是恳求或请求的平台。本研究深入探讨了祈祷的具体经文,重点是马太福音 6:9-13,即通常所说的 "主祷文"。虽然许多基督徒将其解释为 "祈求的祷告",但本研究质疑它是否真正属于这一类别,并探讨了潜在的矛盾之处。作者采用了一种纯粹训诂学研究的定性方法,根据约翰-格拉斯米克(John D. Grassmick)的训诂分析步骤运用了诠释学。研究以《马太福音》6:14-15 中的拜占庭希腊文圣经文本为中心。目的是把握所研究文本中信息的本质,强调主耶稣的教导。研究结果强调了理解耶稣在《马太福音》6:9-13 中教导的主祷文的重要性。作者强调了印尼基督徒理解该祷文含义的重要性:本研究利用拜占庭文本重建了马太对主祷文的理解,预计将为半边天神学研究做出贡献。我们的父祷文是 2000 多年来教会和基督徒的祝福,我们对其正确的语法翻译和耶稣教导的深刻内容进行了探讨。本研究旨在帮助基督徒理解并在生活中应用该祷文,与真正的信仰保持一致,并按照主耶稣的意图促进灵性成长。
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引用次数: 0
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