Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.c03
Syed Masroor Hassan Rizvi
Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques are crucial for maximizing crude oil extraction from reservoirs, especially when traditional methods leave significant amounts of oil untapped. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have introduced innovative solutions to longstanding challenges in the oil industry. This research paper explores the application of nanotechnology in EOR, emphasizing the unique properties of nanoparticles that make them highly effective in this context. Nanoparticles, defined by their nanometer-scale dimensions, exhibit high surface area to volume ratios, quantum effects, and enhanced reactivity. These properties enable various mechanisms in EOR, including improved wettability, reduction in interfacial tension, enhanced thermal stability, selective plugging and fluid diversion, and catalytic effects. The study details how silica and titanium dioxide nanoparticles can modify rock surface properties, leading to better water imbibition and oil displacement. It also discusses how surfactant-coated nanoparticles can reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water, facilitating easier oil flow. Furthermore, the research highlights the role of metal oxide nanoparticles, such as aluminum oxide and zinc oxide, in enhancing thermal conductivity and stability during thermal EOR methods like steam flooding. The ability of polymer-coated nanoparticles to selectively plug high-permeability zones and redirect injection fluids is examined, demonstrating how this can lead to a more uniform sweep and higher oil recovery. The catalytic properties of certain nanoparticles, such as iron oxide, are also explored for their potential to promote in-situ chemical reactions that generate gases aiding oil displacement. Field applications and case studies underscore the practical benefits of nanotechnology in EOR. Examples include the use of silica nanoparticles in Middle Eastern oil fields, polymer-coated nanoparticles in Canadian heavy oil reservoirs, and iron oxide nanoparticles in Indian oil fields. These case studies have shown significant increases in oil recovery rates and operational efficiencies. However, the research also identifies several challenges that must be addressed for the widespread adoption of nanotechnology in EOR. These include the high costs and scalability issues associated with nanoparticle production and deployment, potential environmental and health risks, and the need for customized solutions to cater to the unique conditions of different reservoirs. In conclusion, while nanotechnology presents promising advancements in EOR through various mechanisms, overcoming challenges related to cost, scalability, and environmental impact is crucial. As research progresses, nanotechnology is poised to play a vital role in enhancing oil recovery and meeting global energy demands.
{"title":"Nanotechnology Applications in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)","authors":"Syed Masroor Hassan Rizvi","doi":"10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.c03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.c03","url":null,"abstract":"Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques are crucial for maximizing crude oil extraction from reservoirs, especially when traditional methods leave significant amounts of oil untapped. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have introduced innovative solutions to longstanding challenges in the oil industry. This research paper explores the application of nanotechnology in EOR, emphasizing the unique properties of nanoparticles that make them highly effective in this context.\u0000Nanoparticles, defined by their nanometer-scale dimensions, exhibit high surface area to volume ratios, quantum effects, and enhanced reactivity. These properties enable various mechanisms in EOR, including improved wettability, reduction in interfacial tension, enhanced thermal stability, selective plugging and fluid diversion, and catalytic effects. The study details how silica and titanium dioxide nanoparticles can modify rock surface properties, leading to better water imbibition and oil displacement. It also discusses how surfactant-coated nanoparticles can reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water, facilitating easier oil flow.\u0000Furthermore, the research highlights the role of metal oxide nanoparticles, such as aluminum oxide and zinc oxide, in enhancing thermal conductivity and stability during thermal EOR methods like steam flooding. The ability of polymer-coated nanoparticles to selectively plug high-permeability zones and redirect injection fluids is examined, demonstrating how this can lead to a more uniform sweep and higher oil recovery. The catalytic properties of certain nanoparticles, such as iron oxide, are also explored for their potential to promote in-situ chemical reactions that generate gases aiding oil displacement.\u0000Field applications and case studies underscore the practical benefits of nanotechnology in EOR. Examples include the use of silica nanoparticles in Middle Eastern oil fields, polymer-coated nanoparticles in Canadian heavy oil reservoirs, and iron oxide nanoparticles in Indian oil fields. These case studies have shown significant increases in oil recovery rates and operational efficiencies.\u0000However, the research also identifies several challenges that must be addressed for the widespread adoption of nanotechnology in EOR. These include the high costs and scalability issues associated with nanoparticle production and deployment, potential environmental and health risks, and the need for customized solutions to cater to the unique conditions of different reservoirs.\u0000In conclusion, while nanotechnology presents promising advancements in EOR through various mechanisms, overcoming challenges related to cost, scalability, and environmental impact is crucial. As research progresses, nanotechnology is poised to play a vital role in enhancing oil recovery and meeting global energy demands.","PeriodicalId":503013,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM)","volume":"31 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141388191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-03DOI: 10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.em02
I. N. Aristana, I. N. R. Adhika, I. G. Rihayana, Putu D.P. Salain
This research aims to measure transformational leadership and employee performance mediated by organizational citizenship behavior. This research uses a quantitative approach, data was collected from 210 employees of small and medium enterprises. Data were analyzed using Smart PLS 3.2.9. The research results show that transformational leadership does not affect employee performance. Meanwhile, transformational leadership contributes positively to organizational citizenship behavior, and organizational citizenship behavior also shows a positive impact on employee performance. Lastly, organizational citizenship behavior is proven to mediate transformational leadership about employee performance. Limitations of this research that can be stated include using a self-assessment report which allows for high subjectivity when filling out the questionnaire. The research only focuses on small and medium export businesses, so the research results tend to be less generalizable.
{"title":"Transformational Leadership and Employee Performance: Mediation of Organizational Citizenship Behavior","authors":"I. N. Aristana, I. N. R. Adhika, I. G. Rihayana, Putu D.P. Salain","doi":"10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.em02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.em02","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to measure transformational leadership and employee performance mediated by organizational citizenship behavior. This research uses a quantitative approach, data was collected from 210 employees of small and medium enterprises. Data were analyzed using Smart PLS 3.2.9. The research results show that transformational leadership does not affect employee performance. Meanwhile, transformational leadership contributes positively to organizational citizenship behavior, and organizational citizenship behavior also shows a positive impact on employee performance. Lastly, organizational citizenship behavior is proven to mediate transformational leadership about employee performance. Limitations of this research that can be stated include using a self-assessment report which allows for high subjectivity when filling out the questionnaire. The research only focuses on small and medium export businesses, so the research results tend to be less generalizable.","PeriodicalId":503013,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM)","volume":"99 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141272457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-03DOI: 10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.c01
Syed Masroor Hassan Rizvi
The 21st century is witnessing a paradigm shift in material science and industry due to the increasing environmental concerns associated with traditional petrochemical plastics. This shift has propelled the exploration and development of sustainable alternatives, among which bio-based polymers have emerged as promising contenders. This paper embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the development of sustainable bio-based polymers as alternatives to petrochemical plastics, elucidating their production methods, distinctive properties, diverse applications, and environmental ramifications. The contemporary ubiquity of petrochemical plastics has been accompanied by a myriad of environmental concerns, ranging from resource depletion and greenhouse gas emissions to the pervasive issue of plastic pollution. The exponential growth in plastic production and consumption has led to the accumulation of plastic waste in terrestrial and marine ecosystems, posing significant threats to biodiversity and human health. Thus, the imperative for sustainable alternatives has become increasingly urgent. Bio-based polymers, derived from renewable biological sources, offer a compelling solution to mitigate the adverse environmental impacts associated with petrochemical plastics. The paper navigates through various sources of bio-based polymers, including plant-based materials, microbial sources, and valorization of waste streams. Each source presents distinct advantages and challenges, shaping the landscape of bio-based polymer research and development. Production methods of bio-based polymers encompass a diverse array of techniques, including biomass conversion, fermentation processes, chemical synthesis, and incorporation of biodegradable additives. Understanding these methods is crucial for optimizing polymer properties and scalability while minimizing environmental footprints. Properties and applications of bio-based polymers span a broad spectrum, from mechanical and thermal properties to barrier properties crucial for packaging applications. The versatility of bio-based polymers extends beyond packaging to textiles, automotive components, biomedical devices, and more, underpinning their potential to revolutionize diverse industries. Yet, the adoption of bio-based polymers is not devoid of challenges. Technological hurdles, economic viability, regulatory frameworks, and consumer acceptance represent key obstacles that must be addressed to accelerate the transition towards bio-based plastics. Moreover, a comprehensive assessment of the environmental implications and sustainability metrics is indispensable to ensure that bio-based polymers fulfill their promise as truly sustainable alternatives. This paper serves as a roadmap for navigating the complex terrain of sustainable bio-based polymers, offering insights into their development, applications, and environmental implications. By elucidating the opportunities and challenges inherent in the transition towards bi
{"title":"Development of Sustainable Bio-Based Polymers as Alternatives to Petrochemical Plastics","authors":"Syed Masroor Hassan Rizvi","doi":"10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.c01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.c01","url":null,"abstract":"The 21st century is witnessing a paradigm shift in material science and industry due to the increasing environmental concerns associated with traditional petrochemical plastics. This shift has propelled the exploration and development of sustainable alternatives, among which bio-based polymers have emerged as promising contenders. This paper embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the development of sustainable bio-based polymers as alternatives to petrochemical plastics, elucidating their production methods, distinctive properties, diverse applications, and environmental ramifications.\u0000The contemporary ubiquity of petrochemical plastics has been accompanied by a myriad of environmental concerns, ranging from resource depletion and greenhouse gas emissions to the pervasive issue of plastic pollution. The exponential growth in plastic production and consumption has led to the accumulation of plastic waste in terrestrial and marine ecosystems, posing significant threats to biodiversity and human health. Thus, the imperative for sustainable alternatives has become increasingly urgent.\u0000Bio-based polymers, derived from renewable biological sources, offer a compelling solution to mitigate the adverse environmental impacts associated with petrochemical plastics. The paper navigates through various sources of bio-based polymers, including plant-based materials, microbial sources, and valorization of waste streams. Each source presents distinct advantages and challenges, shaping the landscape of bio-based polymer research and development.\u0000Production methods of bio-based polymers encompass a diverse array of techniques, including biomass conversion, fermentation processes, chemical synthesis, and incorporation of biodegradable additives. Understanding these methods is crucial for optimizing polymer properties and scalability while minimizing environmental footprints.\u0000Properties and applications of bio-based polymers span a broad spectrum, from mechanical and thermal properties to barrier properties crucial for packaging applications. The versatility of bio-based polymers extends beyond packaging to textiles, automotive components, biomedical devices, and more, underpinning their potential to revolutionize diverse industries.\u0000Yet, the adoption of bio-based polymers is not devoid of challenges. Technological hurdles, economic viability, regulatory frameworks, and consumer acceptance represent key obstacles that must be addressed to accelerate the transition towards bio-based plastics. Moreover, a comprehensive assessment of the environmental implications and sustainability metrics is indispensable to ensure that bio-based polymers fulfill their promise as truly sustainable alternatives.\u0000This paper serves as a roadmap for navigating the complex terrain of sustainable bio-based polymers, offering insights into their development, applications, and environmental implications. By elucidating the opportunities and challenges inherent in the transition towards bi","PeriodicalId":503013,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM)","volume":"49 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141269577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-03DOI: 10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.c02
Syed Masroor Hassan Rizvi
The characterization of petroleum-derived contaminants in the environment is crucial for understanding their impact on ecosystems and human health. Traditional analytical techniques such as Gas Chromatography (GC), Mass Spectrometry (MS), and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) have been instrumental in identifying and quantifying these contaminants. However, the complexity and diversity of petroleum-derived compounds necessitate the development and application of advanced analytical techniques for more comprehensive analysis. This paper reviews the most cutting-edge methods currently employed in environmental analysis, including Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography (GC×GC), Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy, and Synchrotron Radiation-Based Techniques such as X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), as well as Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). Each technique's principles, capabilities, and applications are discussed, highlighting their roles in detecting and characterizing hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Case studies demonstrate the practical applications of these advanced techniques in real-world scenarios, such as oil spill analysis and the identification of complex contaminant mixtures. The paper also addresses the advantages and limitations of these advanced techniques, considering factors like sensitivity, selectivity, complexity, and cost. Finally, future directions and emerging technologies, including nanotechnology, biosensors, and machine learning, are explored for their potential to enhance environmental monitoring and remediation efforts. This comprehensive review underscores the importance of continued innovation in analytical methods to effectively address the challenges posed by petroleum-derived contaminants in the environment.
{"title":"Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterizing Petroleum-Derived Contaminants in the Environment","authors":"Syed Masroor Hassan Rizvi","doi":"10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.c02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.c02","url":null,"abstract":"The characterization of petroleum-derived contaminants in the environment is crucial for understanding their impact on ecosystems and human health. Traditional analytical techniques such as Gas Chromatography (GC), Mass Spectrometry (MS), and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) have been instrumental in identifying and quantifying these contaminants. However, the complexity and diversity of petroleum-derived compounds necessitate the development and application of advanced analytical techniques for more comprehensive analysis. This paper reviews the most cutting-edge methods currently employed in environmental analysis, including Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography (GC×GC), Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy, and Synchrotron Radiation-Based Techniques such as X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), as well as Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). Each technique's principles, capabilities, and applications are discussed, highlighting their roles in detecting and characterizing hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Case studies demonstrate the practical applications of these advanced techniques in real-world scenarios, such as oil spill analysis and the identification of complex contaminant mixtures. The paper also addresses the advantages and limitations of these advanced techniques, considering factors like sensitivity, selectivity, complexity, and cost. Finally, future directions and emerging technologies, including nanotechnology, biosensors, and machine learning, are explored for their potential to enhance environmental monitoring and remediation efforts. This comprehensive review underscores the importance of continued innovation in analytical methods to effectively address the challenges posed by petroleum-derived contaminants in the environment.","PeriodicalId":503013,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM)","volume":"62 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141268847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-02DOI: 10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.ec02
Nripesh Trivedi
In [1], it is proposed that n players are in equilibrium if all of their strategies yield highest possible expectation for the respective players. This equilibrium is related to the equilibrium proposed in this paper. In this paper, I propose an equilibrium where a group of n players are involved. Equilibrium of the group is equilibrium of the individual players since every player lives in group. Inspired from this conclusion, I propose that equilibrium of the individual players is the equilibrium of the group. To explain in plain and simpler words, equilibrium of the group is the equilibrium of the individual players since each player lives in the group.
文献[1]提出，如果 n 个棋手的所有策略都能为各自棋手带来尽可能高的期望值，那么这 n 个棋手就处于均衡状态。这一均衡与本文提出的均衡相关。在本文中，我提出了一个由 n 个棋手组成的小组的均衡。由于每个玩家都生活在群体中，因此群体的均衡就是个体玩家的均衡。受这一结论的启发，我提出个体玩家的均衡就是群体的均衡。用更简单明了的话解释就是，由于每个玩家都生活在群体中，因此群体的均衡就是个体玩家的均衡。
{"title":"Equilibrium in Practice","authors":"Nripesh Trivedi","doi":"10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.ec02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.ec02","url":null,"abstract":"In [1], it is proposed that n players are in equilibrium if all of their strategies yield highest possible expectation for the respective players. This equilibrium is related to the equilibrium proposed in this paper. In this paper, I propose an equilibrium where a group of n players are involved. Equilibrium of the group is equilibrium of the individual players since every player lives in group. Inspired from this conclusion, I propose that equilibrium of the individual players is the equilibrium of the group. To explain in plain and simpler words, equilibrium of the group is the equilibrium of the individual players since each player lives in the group.","PeriodicalId":503013,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM)","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-02DOI: 10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.mp01
Wafaa Tahseen Mohammad Sawalmeh, Abeer Fayez Salem Habarneh, Mohammad Adnan Ayed Batayneh, Rawnaq Ahmad Marji Al-Masaeed, Balgees Mohammad Abdullah Al-Rawashdeh
Introduction: Diabetes presents a significant global health challenge due to its association with a range of pathological changes, such as metabolic, cellular, and blood disturbances, that lead to long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications. Healthcare providers often underestimate anemia as a co-morbidity in diabetes, despite the wide range of prevalence estimates reported in the literature. Addressing anemia in diabetes patients early can reduce the incidence of these complications, as has been demonstrated. Aim of the study: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This is a cross-sectional prospective study with a retrospective review of diabetic patient medical records attending family medicine clinics at four military hospitals (King Hussien Medical Center, Prince Rashed Military Hospital, Queen Aliah Military Hospital, and Prince Hashem Military Hospital) at Royal Medical Services. Adult patients over the age of 18 diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus for more than one year will be included in the study. However, those patients with diseases (such as thalassemia and leukemia) or other systemic disorders (such as infectious diseases) that could result in anemia, those with acute conditions such as acute hemorrhage, those who received blood transfusions in the last three months, pregnant women, or type 1 diabetes will be excluded. Anemia will be defined as hemoglobin level < 13 g/dl in men and 12g/dl in females (Harrison TR, 2011). Type 2 DM will be defined glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c > 6.5%), fasting blood glucose (FBG > 126 mg/dl), random blood glucose (RBG > 200 mg/dl) (American Diabetes Association, 2012). Patients’ medical records will be reviewed for patient medications, duration of diabetes, diabetic complications, and glycemic control. Furthermore, to exclude any patients who have one or more of the aforementioned conditions reported in the exclusion criteria. Meanwhile, researcher will collect the following data in the clinic after patients’ agreement to participate in the study which include: age, sex, marital status, smoking status, comorbidities, anthropometric measurements including weight, height and body mass index (BMI). Moreover, patient will ask to withdraw complete blood count (CBC) blood sample which include hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) for diagnosing anemia if its present. Patients will be divided into two groups based on the presence of anemia; anemic group and non-anemic group. Regarding study variables. Glycemic control will be classified into two categories based on HbA1c result (controlled diabetic group comprised those whose HbA1c level was equal to or <7.5% and poorly controlled diabetic group comprised those whose HbA1c level was >7.5%). Body mass index will classify according to Center of Disease Co
{"title":"Prevalence and associated Factors of Anemia in Diabetic Patients","authors":"Wafaa Tahseen Mohammad Sawalmeh, Abeer Fayez Salem Habarneh, Mohammad Adnan Ayed Batayneh, Rawnaq Ahmad Marji Al-Masaeed, Balgees Mohammad Abdullah Al-Rawashdeh","doi":"10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.mp01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.mp01","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diabetes presents a significant global health challenge due to its association with a range of pathological changes, such as metabolic, cellular, and blood disturbances, that lead to long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications. Healthcare providers often underestimate anemia as a co-morbidity in diabetes, despite the wide range of prevalence estimates reported in the literature. Addressing anemia in diabetes patients early can reduce the incidence of these complications, as has been demonstrated.\u0000Aim of the study: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).\u0000Methods: This is a cross-sectional prospective study with a retrospective review of diabetic patient medical records attending family medicine clinics at four military hospitals (King Hussien Medical Center, Prince Rashed Military Hospital, Queen Aliah Military Hospital, and Prince Hashem Military Hospital) at Royal Medical Services. Adult patients over the age of 18 diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus for more than one year will be included in the study. However, those patients with diseases (such as thalassemia and leukemia) or other systemic disorders (such as infectious diseases) that could result in anemia, those with acute conditions such as acute hemorrhage, those who received blood transfusions in the last three months, pregnant women, or type 1 diabetes will be excluded. \u0000Anemia will be defined as hemoglobin level < 13 g/dl in men and 12g/dl in females (Harrison TR, 2011). Type 2 DM will be defined glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c > 6.5%), fasting blood glucose (FBG > 126 mg/dl), random blood glucose (RBG > 200 mg/dl) (American Diabetes Association, 2012).\u0000Patients’ medical records will be reviewed for patient medications, duration of diabetes, diabetic complications, and glycemic control. Furthermore, to exclude any patients who have one or more of the aforementioned conditions reported in the exclusion criteria. Meanwhile, researcher will collect the following data in the clinic after patients’ agreement to participate in the study which include: age, sex, marital status, smoking status, comorbidities, anthropometric measurements including weight, height and body mass index (BMI). Moreover, patient will ask to withdraw complete blood count (CBC) blood sample which include hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) for diagnosing anemia if its present.\u0000Patients will be divided into two groups based on the presence of anemia; anemic group and non-anemic group. Regarding study variables. Glycemic control will be classified into two categories based on HbA1c result (controlled diabetic group comprised those whose HbA1c level was equal to or <7.5% and poorly controlled diabetic group comprised those whose HbA1c level was >7.5%). Body mass index will classify according to Center of Disease Co","PeriodicalId":503013,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM)","volume":"53 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.el01
Prof. KH. Saifuddin Zuhri
The rapid development of the times marked by advances in science and technology, whether we realize it or not, it has a sharp impact on society, including adolescents and school-age children. The positive impact arising from the development of science and technology is a great hope for all levels of society. On the other hand, the emergence of negative impacts is undeniable and has recently occurred in society, including in the world of education. Cases of bullying, student fights, skipping school, actions of against the teachers, are increasingly common. This makes parents, practitioners, organizers and observers of education quite concerned and stimulated to create and emphasize education that is able to produce students who have strong character, have akhlaqul karimah. Realizing this condition is also the responsibility of the government, the government stipulates the importance of character education in educational institutions as stated in Presidential Regulation No. 78 of 2017 concerning Strengthening Character Education. One of the efforts taken by education providers is to organize education with boarding services, namely educational services by requiring students to live in school dormitories, with the aim that the education process can run twenty-four hours, with full attention and monitoring and guidance from the boarding supervisor. With this boarding system, the school will be easier to condition students to participate in activities organized by the school, including religious education as the core of character education in theory and practice directly with the guidance of teachers in the dormitory. Boarding system education also isolates students from socializing in the wider environment which has recently been exposed to many negative influences from the internet, social media and so on. In boarding schools, students are taught to have a strong character through a maximum educational process.
{"title":"Character Building Of StudentsIn The Boarding School System","authors":"Prof. KH. Saifuddin Zuhri","doi":"10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.el01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.el01","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid development of the times marked by advances in science and technology, whether we realize it or not, it has a sharp impact on society, including adolescents and school-age children. The positive impact arising from the development of science and technology is a great hope for all levels of society. On the other hand, the emergence of negative impacts is undeniable and has recently occurred in society, including in the world of education. Cases of bullying, student fights, skipping school, actions of against the teachers, are increasingly common. This makes parents, practitioners, organizers and observers of education quite concerned and stimulated to create and emphasize education that is able to produce students who have strong character, have akhlaqul karimah.\u0000Realizing this condition is also the responsibility of the government, the government stipulates the importance of character education in educational institutions as stated in Presidential Regulation No. 78 of 2017 concerning Strengthening Character Education. One of the efforts taken by education providers is to organize education with boarding services, namely educational services by requiring students to live in school dormitories, with the aim that the education process can run twenty-four hours, with full attention and monitoring and guidance from the boarding supervisor. With this boarding system, the school will be easier to condition students to participate in activities organized by the school, including religious education as the core of character education in theory and practice directly with the guidance of teachers in the dormitory.\u0000Boarding system education also isolates students from socializing in the wider environment which has recently been exposed to many negative influences from the internet, social media and so on. In boarding schools, students are taught to have a strong character through a maximum educational process.","PeriodicalId":503013,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM)","volume":"67 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141276823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.em01
Anike Olufisayo Faniyi
This research article provides an in-depth analysis of the regional differences in grocery prices across the United States and examines how these variations influence consumer behavior. The study identifies and evaluates several key factors contributing to price discrepancies, including supply chain issues, local economic conditions, and the level of competition among retailers. By utilizing a combination of quantitative price data from national and local grocery retailers and qualitative insights from consumer surveys, the research offers a comprehensive understanding of the underlying causes of regional price variations. Significant findings reveal that regions with frequent supply chain disruptions, such as the West Coast, often experience higher grocery prices due to logistical challenges and increased transportation costs. Conversely, areas with robust retail competition, like the Midwest, benefit from lower prices driven by competitive market forces. Local economic conditions also play a crucial role, with economically depressed regions seeing higher prices as stores compensate for lower sales volumes. The study further explores how consumers adapt their shopping habits in response to these regional price differences. It highlights the growing reliance on digital tools and apps for price comparisons, especiallkly in high-cost areas. Consumers also tend to shift towards discount stores and bulk purchasing to manage their grocery budgets. In regions with higher grocery prices, there is a noticeable trend towards purchasing from local farmers' markets and co-operatives, which offer fresh produce at competitive prices. Additionally, some consumers adjust their dietary choices to focus on more affordable food items, such as reducing meat consumption and increasing the intake of staple foods. This research underscores the complexity of regional grocery pricing and its significant impact on consumer behavior. By understanding these dynamics, policymakers can develop strategies to improve supply chain efficiency, foster retail competition, and support local markets, ultimately ensuring more equitable access to affordable groceries across the United States.
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Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.ec01
Mr. Maicon Roberto Martins
In the dynamic landscape of modern business, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) stands as a pivotal milestone for startups aiming to thrive amidst fierce competition and rapidly evolving market demands. This abstract encapsulates the essence of a comprehensive research article tailored to guide startups through the intricate process of adopting and leveraging AI technologies for unparalleled business success. The abstract commences by acknowledging the transformative impact of AI across industries, particularly highlighting its role as a catalyst for innovation, efficiency, and competitive advantage. It sets the stage by illuminating the daunting challenges startups face in navigating the AI landscape, emphasizing the need for strategic guidance and practical insights to navigate this terrain effectively. As the core of the abstract unfolds, it delineates a structured framework designed to equip startups with the requisite knowledge and tools to embark on their AI journey. This framework encompasses fundamental concepts of AI, elucidating its diverse applications—from machine learning to natural language processing and robotics—while also underscoring the importance of understanding AI's capabilities and limitations. Furthermore, the abstract delves into critical considerations paramount to successful AI adoption by startups. It elucidates the significance of data quality, talent acquisition, regulatory compliance, and ethical implications, emphasizing the imperative of cultivating an organizational culture conducive to innovation and continuous learning. Building upon this foundation, the abstract elucidates actionable strategies for AI implementation tailored to startups' unique needs and constraints. It elucidates the step-by-step process—from identifying use cases to data collection, model training, and deployment—accompanied by illustrative case studies showcasing real-world success stories across diverse industries. Moreover, the abstract accentuates the importance of maximizing the potential of AI beyond initial implementation, advocating for continuous optimization and collaboration to stay ahead of the curve. It also underscores the ethical imperatives of responsible AI development, emphasizing the importance of safeguarding data privacy, mitigating bias, and promoting transparency and accountability. This abstract encapsulates a comprehensive guide designed to empower startups to harness the transformative power of AI for sustained business success. By providing strategic guidance, practical insights, and ethical considerations, this research article equips startups with the requisite knowledge and tools to navigate the AI landscape with confidence, ensuring they emerge as frontrunners in the digital age.
{"title":"Startup Guide to AI: Integrating Technology for Business Success","authors":"Mr. Maicon Roberto Martins","doi":"10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.ec01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.ec01","url":null,"abstract":"In the dynamic landscape of modern business, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) stands as a pivotal milestone for startups aiming to thrive amidst fierce competition and rapidly evolving market demands. This abstract encapsulates the essence of a comprehensive research article tailored to guide startups through the intricate process of adopting and leveraging AI technologies for unparalleled business success.\u0000The abstract commences by acknowledging the transformative impact of AI across industries, particularly highlighting its role as a catalyst for innovation, efficiency, and competitive advantage. It sets the stage by illuminating the daunting challenges startups face in navigating the AI landscape, emphasizing the need for strategic guidance and practical insights to navigate this terrain effectively.\u0000As the core of the abstract unfolds, it delineates a structured framework designed to equip startups with the requisite knowledge and tools to embark on their AI journey. This framework encompasses fundamental concepts of AI, elucidating its diverse applications—from machine learning to natural language processing and robotics—while also underscoring the importance of understanding AI's capabilities and limitations.\u0000Furthermore, the abstract delves into critical considerations paramount to successful AI adoption by startups. It elucidates the significance of data quality, talent acquisition, regulatory compliance, and ethical implications, emphasizing the imperative of cultivating an organizational culture conducive to innovation and continuous learning.\u0000Building upon this foundation, the abstract elucidates actionable strategies for AI implementation tailored to startups' unique needs and constraints. It elucidates the step-by-step process—from identifying use cases to data collection, model training, and deployment—accompanied by illustrative case studies showcasing real-world success stories across diverse industries.\u0000Moreover, the abstract accentuates the importance of maximizing the potential of AI beyond initial implementation, advocating for continuous optimization and collaboration to stay ahead of the curve. It also underscores the ethical imperatives of responsible AI development, emphasizing the importance of safeguarding data privacy, mitigating bias, and promoting transparency and accountability.\u0000This abstract encapsulates a comprehensive guide designed to empower startups to harness the transformative power of AI for sustained business success. By providing strategic guidance, practical insights, and ethical considerations, this research article equips startups with the requisite knowledge and tools to navigate the AI landscape with confidence, ensuring they emerge as frontrunners in the digital age.","PeriodicalId":503013,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM)","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141279614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.18535/ijsrm/v12i03.el06
Musaed A. Al-Mutairi
This study investigates the effectiveness of immersion and entertainment in the process of language acquisition, with a specific focus on the utilisation of English films and songs. The statement emphasises the educational value of films, which utilise visual clues and storytelling to facilitate comprehension. It also specifies genres that are particularly helpful for English language learning. An investigation of popular English songs explores the impact of rhythm, repetition, and personal involvement in language acquisition. The cultural observations offered by these media types emphasise the significance of cultural environment in the process of acquiring knowledge. The text explores the challenges associated with relying only on entertainment for language acquisition and emphasises the importance of incorporating traditional learning approaches. The resource provides practical advice for learners and presents case examples of successful language acquisition via films and music, offering a thorough perspective on this language learning strategy.
{"title":"The Impact of English-Speaking Films and Songs on English Language Acquisition","authors":"Musaed A. Al-Mutairi","doi":"10.18535/ijsrm/v12i03.el06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v12i03.el06","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effectiveness of immersion and entertainment in the process of language acquisition, with a specific focus on the utilisation of English films and songs. The statement emphasises the educational value of films, which utilise visual clues and storytelling to facilitate comprehension. It also specifies genres that are particularly helpful for English language learning. An investigation of popular English songs explores the impact of rhythm, repetition, and personal involvement in language acquisition. The cultural observations offered by these media types emphasise the significance of cultural environment in the process of acquiring knowledge. The text explores the challenges associated with relying only on entertainment for language acquisition and emphasises the importance of incorporating traditional learning approaches. The resource provides practical advice for learners and presents case examples of successful language acquisition via films and music, offering a thorough perspective on this language learning strategy.","PeriodicalId":503013,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM)","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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