Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.17736/ijope.2023.jc908
Maokun Ye, Hamn-Ching Chen, Arjen Koop
Generally, the wake behind a wind turbine is characterized as a reduction in wind velocity and an increase in turbulence level compared to the free stream condition. In wind farms where wind turbines are grouped in arrays, under unfavorable conditions, downstream wind turbines will operate in the wakes of upstream turbines, and thus will harm the overall efficiency of wind farms. Accurately predicting the performance of downstream turbines and the interactions between multiple turbine wakes are crucial to the design of more efficient wind farms because it forms the cornerstone of wind farm layout optimization algorithms. In the present study, we perform CFD simulations for the NTNU Blind Test 2 experiment in which two turbines were placed in a closed-loop wind tunnel and operating in line. The Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) equations with the k-ω SST turbulence model are adopted in the simulations. For each of the two wind turbines, geometries including the blades, hub, nacelle, and tower are fully resolved. The Moving-Grid-Formulation (MVG) approach with a sliding interface technique is leveraged to handle the relative motion between the rotating and stationary portions of the wind turbines. In the simulations, the values of tip-speed ratio (TSR) for the upstream and downstream turbines are 4 and 6, respectively. The CFD-predicted thrust and power coefficients are obtained under an inlet velocity of 10 m/s and are compared against the experiment results. In addition, the wake structures of the two wind turbines are also visualized and discussed.
{"title":"CFD Simulations of Two Wind Turbines Operating in Line","authors":"Maokun Ye, Hamn-Ching Chen, Arjen Koop","doi":"10.17736/ijope.2023.jc908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17736/ijope.2023.jc908","url":null,"abstract":"Generally, the wake behind a wind turbine is characterized as a reduction in wind velocity and an increase in turbulence level compared to the free stream condition. In wind farms where wind turbines are grouped in arrays, under unfavorable conditions, downstream wind turbines will operate in the wakes of upstream turbines, and thus will harm the overall efficiency of wind farms. Accurately predicting the performance of downstream turbines and the interactions between multiple turbine wakes are crucial to the design of more efficient wind farms because it forms the cornerstone of wind farm layout optimization algorithms. In the present study, we perform CFD simulations for the NTNU Blind Test 2 experiment in which two turbines were placed in a closed-loop wind tunnel and operating in line. The Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) equations with the k-ω SST turbulence model are adopted in the simulations. For each of the two wind turbines, geometries including the blades, hub, nacelle, and tower are fully resolved. The Moving-Grid-Formulation (MVG) approach with a sliding interface technique is leveraged to handle the relative motion between the rotating and stationary portions of the wind turbines. In the simulations, the values of tip-speed ratio (TSR) for the upstream and downstream turbines are 4 and 6, respectively. The CFD-predicted thrust and power coefficients are obtained under an inlet velocity of 10 m/s and are compared against the experiment results. In addition, the wake structures of the two wind turbines are also visualized and discussed.","PeriodicalId":50302,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.17736/ijope.2023.hj42
Hongliang Yang, He Xue
To obtain the effect of cold working on a driving force of environmentally assisted cracking (EAC), the mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel (316L SS) with different degrees of cold working and hardening rules at the crack tip of EAC under a sudden change of load were obtained by combining experiment and finite element simulation. The creep rate at the crack tip is used to characterize the driving force of EAC, and the creep rate is used to replace the strain rate at the crack tip in the Ford–Andresen model, which more effectively reflects the effect of cold working on a driving force of crack growth rate. Results show that the yield strength of 316L SS will increase the driving force of crack growth, whereas the hardening exponent will reduce the driving force. Both cold working and hardening at the crack tip can increase the driving force of crack growth and intensify crack growth. However, a sudden change of load can also produce residual compressive stress at the crack tip, which can inhibit crack growth.
{"title":"Effect of Cold Working on the Driving Force of Environmentally Assisted Cracking","authors":"Hongliang Yang, He Xue","doi":"10.17736/ijope.2023.hj42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17736/ijope.2023.hj42","url":null,"abstract":"To obtain the effect of cold working on a driving force of environmentally assisted cracking (EAC), the mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel (316L SS) with different degrees of cold working and hardening rules at the crack tip of EAC under a sudden change of load were obtained by combining experiment and finite element simulation. The creep rate at the crack tip is used to characterize the driving force of EAC, and the creep rate is used to replace the strain rate at the crack tip in the Ford–Andresen model, which more effectively reflects the effect of cold working on a driving force of crack growth rate. Results show that the yield strength of 316L SS will increase the driving force of crack growth, whereas the hardening exponent will reduce the driving force. Both cold working and hardening at the crack tip can increase the driving force of crack growth and intensify crack growth. However, a sudden change of load can also produce residual compressive stress at the crack tip, which can inhibit crack growth.","PeriodicalId":50302,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.17736/ijope.2023.cl23
Xiaoliang Wang, Mi Zhou, Yinghui Tian
A new design of geotextile sandbag embankment, named non-uniform geotextiles reinforcement, is proposed in this study. This proposed design optimizes the arrangement of geotextiles in the traditional design to increase the strength of the embankment base to improve its stability. The behaviour of the reinforced embankments is investigated using finite-element modelling. The advantages of this new design are elaborated via comparison with the traditional design. A design framework of the construction of the embankments is established based on a parametric study.
{"title":"The Behaviour of Embankment with Non-uniform Geotextiles Reinforcement on Soft Soil","authors":"Xiaoliang Wang, Mi Zhou, Yinghui Tian","doi":"10.17736/ijope.2023.cl23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17736/ijope.2023.cl23","url":null,"abstract":"A new design of geotextile sandbag embankment, named non-uniform geotextiles reinforcement, is proposed in this study. This proposed design optimizes the arrangement of geotextiles in the traditional design to increase the strength of the embankment base to improve its stability. The behaviour of the reinforced embankments is investigated using finite-element modelling. The advantages of this new design are elaborated via comparison with the traditional design. A design framework of the construction of the embankments is established based on a parametric study.","PeriodicalId":50302,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. has developed, designed, and built a liquefied hydrogen (LH 2 ) carrier (LH 2 C) in collaboration with Shell and ClassNK for a pilot hydrogen energy supply chain project conducted by HySTRA (CO 2 -free Hydrogen Energy Supply-Chain Technology Research Association) and promoted by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization in Japan. This pilot LH 2 C, the Suiso Frontier , debuted in 2021 to demonstrate a series of operational stages ranging from the initial cooling down/loading/unloading of LH 2 to sea-going operations using a newly built pilot LH 2 terminal in Kobe, Japan. The first international sea-going voyage by the Suiso Frontier between Japan and Australia was accomplished at the start of 2022. This study intends to describe briefly the ship design focusing on an overview of safety design and risk assessment results, and to provide an update on the demonstration progress describing the operational phase conducted as a series of demonstration tests highlighting the extended gas trial program conducted in Japan and the data-gathering exercise for the Suiso Frontier .
{"title":"Suiso Frontier, the First LH2 Carrier — Demonstration of Technologies and Operational Phase","authors":"Yukichi Takaoka, Kentarou Mizumukai, Yuichi Kameno","doi":"10.17736/ijope.2023.jc899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17736/ijope.2023.jc899","url":null,"abstract":"Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. has developed, designed, and built a liquefied hydrogen (LH 2 ) carrier (LH 2 C) in collaboration with Shell and ClassNK for a pilot hydrogen energy supply chain project conducted by HySTRA (CO 2 -free Hydrogen Energy Supply-Chain Technology Research Association) and promoted by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization in Japan. This pilot LH 2 C, the Suiso Frontier , debuted in 2021 to demonstrate a series of operational stages ranging from the initial cooling down/loading/unloading of LH 2 to sea-going operations using a newly built pilot LH 2 terminal in Kobe, Japan. The first international sea-going voyage by the Suiso Frontier between Japan and Australia was accomplished at the start of 2022. This study intends to describe briefly the ship design focusing on an overview of safety design and risk assessment results, and to provide an update on the demonstration progress describing the operational phase conducted as a series of demonstration tests highlighting the extended gas trial program conducted in Japan and the data-gathering exercise for the Suiso Frontier .","PeriodicalId":50302,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.17736/ijope.2023.jc897
Ian D Turnbull, Tony King, Mike White, Erin Gillis
{"title":"Insight: A Metocean and Ice Climatology Database for Offshore Newfoundland and Labrador","authors":"Ian D Turnbull, Tony King, Mike White, Erin Gillis","doi":"10.17736/ijope.2023.jc897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17736/ijope.2023.jc897","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50302,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.17736/ijope.2023.jc905
Robert Frederking
The R. V. Polarstern carried out ice breaking trials in which ice forces were measured with special panels at two locations in the bow. Time series records of the ice forces for a 13-minute period were compared for differences in terms of magnitude and duration of loading for the two locations. Maximum force of 2800 kN was measured on a 1 m 2 panel. The nature of ice forces measured on the panels was very different in terms of frequency and duration compared to those measured with strain-gauged frames on the R. V. Polarstern and the CCGS Louis S. St-Laurent .
{"title":"Ice Forces on the R. V. Polarstern During 1984 Labrador Trials","authors":"Robert Frederking","doi":"10.17736/ijope.2023.jc905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17736/ijope.2023.jc905","url":null,"abstract":"The R. V. Polarstern carried out ice breaking trials in which ice forces were measured with special panels at two locations in the bow. Time series records of the ice forces for a 13-minute period were compared for differences in terms of magnitude and duration of loading for the two locations. Maximum force of 2800 kN was measured on a 1 m 2 panel. The nature of ice forces measured on the panels was very different in terms of frequency and duration compared to those measured with strain-gauged frames on the R. V. Polarstern and the CCGS Louis S. St-Laurent .","PeriodicalId":50302,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.17736/ijope.2023.ik12
Tatiana A Alekseeva, Ruslan I May, Valery Ye Fedyakov, Yevgeny I Makarov, Sergey V Klyachkin, Ludmila N Dyment, Yevgeny A Grishin, Anastasia A Ershova, Nina A Krupina
The Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI) has long-term experience in hydrometeorological support and selecting optimal routes of navigation along the Northern Sea Route. One of the key challenges for hydrometeorological support and safe and cost-efficient navigation is developing an automatic method for selecting the optimal ship route in ice. In this study, we present results of testing AARI auto-routing and discuss its perspectives
{"title":"Ice Automatic Routing: Analysis of Simulation Testing Based on Voyages of Arc7 Class Vessels in the Arctic","authors":"Tatiana A Alekseeva, Ruslan I May, Valery Ye Fedyakov, Yevgeny I Makarov, Sergey V Klyachkin, Ludmila N Dyment, Yevgeny A Grishin, Anastasia A Ershova, Nina A Krupina","doi":"10.17736/ijope.2023.ik12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17736/ijope.2023.ik12","url":null,"abstract":"The Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI) has long-term experience in hydrometeorological support and selecting optimal routes of navigation along the Northern Sea Route. One of the key challenges for hydrometeorological support and safe and cost-efficient navigation is developing an automatic method for selecting the optimal ship route in ice. In this study, we present results of testing AARI auto-routing and discuss its perspectives","PeriodicalId":50302,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.17736/ijope.2023.jc888
Hong Xiong, Yuxiang Chen, Hui Cheng, Hong Zhu, Chunliang Yu, Guodong Zheng, Yiyang Xing
Research on the motion of particles in fluid conveying is significant for the mechanism study of the hydraulic collecting process in deep-ocean mining. Experiments were conducted in a water tank to measure the translational and rotational motion of spherical particles by developing a spherical detector with a built-in three-dimensional acceleration microsensor and a three-dimensional microgyroscope. The three-axis linear acceleration and angular velocity can be measured and stored by the detector. The attitude angle, defined as the spatial rotation of the detector coordinate system relative to the laboratory coordinate system and described via the Euler angle, is obtained with a quaternion algorithm and a Kalman filter. The method is validated with a 50 mm diameter spherical object by three respective tests. Finally, the detector is tested as a tracer particle in hydraulic collecting. Findings indicate that the method is capable of tracing the detailed behaviors of particles in hydraulic collecting.
{"title":"Translational and Rotational Motion Measurement of a Spherical Particle in Hydraulic Collecting","authors":"Hong Xiong, Yuxiang Chen, Hui Cheng, Hong Zhu, Chunliang Yu, Guodong Zheng, Yiyang Xing","doi":"10.17736/ijope.2023.jc888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17736/ijope.2023.jc888","url":null,"abstract":"Research on the motion of particles in fluid conveying is significant for the mechanism study of the hydraulic collecting process in deep-ocean mining. Experiments were conducted in a water tank to measure the translational and rotational motion of spherical particles by developing a spherical detector with a built-in three-dimensional acceleration microsensor and a three-dimensional microgyroscope. The three-axis linear acceleration and angular velocity can be measured and stored by the detector. The attitude angle, defined as the spatial rotation of the detector coordinate system relative to the laboratory coordinate system and described via the Euler angle, is obtained with a quaternion algorithm and a Kalman filter. The method is validated with a 50 mm diameter spherical object by three respective tests. Finally, the detector is tested as a tracer particle in hydraulic collecting. Findings indicate that the method is capable of tracing the detailed behaviors of particles in hydraulic collecting.","PeriodicalId":50302,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.17736/ijope.2023.jc887
Zhigang Wang, Zhongya Xia, Yingyuan Tian
When evaluating the shooting accuracy of underwater attack weapons against the surface target, we need to transform various coordinates into a unified coordinate. Typically, the surface target track uses the geodetic coordinate and under-water weapon trajectory uses the navigation coordinate. Therefore, trajectory data in the navigation coordinate need to be converted to the geodetic coordinate. Using an inertial measurement unit can only get the trajectory data in the navigation coordinate. Because of the Doppler effect, acoustic reverberation, range ambiguity, and low data refresh rate, the methods based on the cooperative acoustic beacon or the baseline positioning cannot meet the trajectory measurement requirements of the underwater high-speed attack weapon. In this paper, a method combining baseline positioning with an inertial measurement unit is proposed to solve the problem of trajectory measurement in the geodetic coordinate of the underwater high-speed weapons. The system composition, working principle, and measure results are introduced, and the measure errors are analyzed.
{"title":"Research on the Trajectory Measurement Method of Underwater High-speed Attack Weapons in the Geodetic Coordinate","authors":"Zhigang Wang, Zhongya Xia, Yingyuan Tian","doi":"10.17736/ijope.2023.jc887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17736/ijope.2023.jc887","url":null,"abstract":"When evaluating the shooting accuracy of underwater attack weapons against the surface target, we need to transform various coordinates into a unified coordinate. Typically, the surface target track uses the geodetic coordinate and under-water weapon trajectory uses the navigation coordinate. Therefore, trajectory data in the navigation coordinate need to be converted to the geodetic coordinate. Using an inertial measurement unit can only get the trajectory data in the navigation coordinate. Because of the Doppler effect, acoustic reverberation, range ambiguity, and low data refresh rate, the methods based on the cooperative acoustic beacon or the baseline positioning cannot meet the trajectory measurement requirements of the underwater high-speed attack weapon. In this paper, a method combining baseline positioning with an inertial measurement unit is proposed to solve the problem of trajectory measurement in the geodetic coordinate of the underwater high-speed weapons. The system composition, working principle, and measure results are introduced, and the measure errors are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":50302,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.17736/ijope.2023.jc894
Konstantin A Kornishin, Yaroslav O Efimov, Petr A Tarasov, Roman B Guzenko, Yevgeny U Mironov, Viktor S Porubaev
This article considers the relationships among different morphometric parameters (sail height, keel depth, and cross-sectional area) of ice ridges studied in 2013–2015 and 2017 in the Kara, Laptev, and East Siberian Seas. The size of the ice blocks that compose these ridges is the focus of this research. Different scenarios of ridge formation depending on different thicknesses of ice fields are considered, and the main scenarios of ridging in the Arctic areas are defined. Correlations between morphometric values for homogeneous, heterogeneous, and composite ridges are determined. A classification of ice ridges according to the relative thickness of the ice fields involved in their formation is proposed.
{"title":"Parameters of Ice Blocks and Their Relationship with the Structure of Hummocks in the Kara, Laptev, and East Siberian Seas","authors":"Konstantin A Kornishin, Yaroslav O Efimov, Petr A Tarasov, Roman B Guzenko, Yevgeny U Mironov, Viktor S Porubaev","doi":"10.17736/ijope.2023.jc894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17736/ijope.2023.jc894","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers the relationships among different morphometric parameters (sail height, keel depth, and cross-sectional area) of ice ridges studied in 2013–2015 and 2017 in the Kara, Laptev, and East Siberian Seas. The size of the ice blocks that compose these ridges is the focus of this research. Different scenarios of ridge formation depending on different thicknesses of ice fields are considered, and the main scenarios of ridging in the Arctic areas are defined. Correlations between morphometric values for homogeneous, heterogeneous, and composite ridges are determined. A classification of ice ridges according to the relative thickness of the ice fields involved in their formation is proposed.","PeriodicalId":50302,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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