Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-33
Muhamad Fadlan Rasyid, S. A. Wibowo
Karmellow is one of the popcorn snacks produced by PT Suara Matahari Trading (SUMATRA Group). Karmellow has three flavours of popcorn in 20 grams at an affordable price. Based on the research, there is a demand for snack food, especially popcorn, for consumers in Indonesia due to increasing snack food sales and the increasing global market size of popcorn snacks. However, the trendline of sales of Karmellow popcorn is declining, and the awareness of Karmellow is considered low. Therefore, this research was conducted to help Karmellow increase sales and brand awareness by creating an excellent marketing strategy. In this research, both qualitative and quantitative methods are used. In-depth interviews were conducted with the COO and employees of SUMATRA to know the internal conditions. Secondary data, such as textbooks, was also gathered to determine the external conditions. Besides this, the research also distributed online questionnaires to 252 respondents. This research results in the new segmentation, targeting, and positioning for Karmellow and a new marketing mix (4Ps), such as product, place, price, and promotion, as the proposed marketing strategy for Karmellow. It can be concluded that Karmellow has an opportunity in Indonesia but needs several marketing strategies.
{"title":"Proposed Marketing Strategy to Increase Sales Snack Food Popcorn (Case Study: Karmellow)","authors":"Muhamad Fadlan Rasyid, S. A. Wibowo","doi":"10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-33","url":null,"abstract":"Karmellow is one of the popcorn snacks produced by PT Suara Matahari Trading (SUMATRA Group). Karmellow has three flavours of popcorn in 20 grams at an affordable price. Based on the research, there is a demand for snack food, especially popcorn, for consumers in Indonesia due to increasing snack food sales and the increasing global market size of popcorn snacks. However, the trendline of sales of Karmellow popcorn is declining, and the awareness of Karmellow is considered low. Therefore, this research was conducted to help Karmellow increase sales and brand awareness by creating an excellent marketing strategy. In this research, both qualitative and quantitative methods are used. In-depth interviews were conducted with the COO and employees of SUMATRA to know the internal conditions. Secondary data, such as textbooks, was also gathered to determine the external conditions. Besides this, the research also distributed online questionnaires to 252 respondents. This research results in the new segmentation, targeting, and positioning for Karmellow and a new marketing mix (4Ps), such as product, place, price, and promotion, as the proposed marketing strategy for Karmellow. It can be concluded that Karmellow has an opportunity in Indonesia but needs several marketing strategies.","PeriodicalId":503135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Science Research and Review","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139779668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-32
Virnanda Laraswati, Prof. Dra. Indrawati, M.M., Ph.D
One proof of the ease of technology is the emergence of e-commerce. E-commerce is a medium that allows sellers and buyers to meet face-to-face. This research aims to provide a measurement tool to analyze the influence of sales promotion, utilitarian motive, self-esteem, and hedonic motive on purchasing decisions with impulse buying and behavioral intention as intervening variables. This research surveyed with the participation of 30 respondents who had purchased products through XYZ e-commerce Therefore, this measuring instrument meets the requirements and is acceptable for further research.
{"title":"Measurement Tool for The Influence of Sales Promotion, Utilitarian Motive, Self Esteem Motive, and Hedonic Motive on Purchase Decision with Impulse Buying and Behavior Intention as Variable Intervening in E-commerce XYZ","authors":"Virnanda Laraswati, Prof. Dra. Indrawati, M.M., Ph.D","doi":"10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-32","url":null,"abstract":"One proof of the ease of technology is the emergence of e-commerce. E-commerce is a medium that allows sellers and buyers to meet face-to-face. This research aims to provide a measurement tool to analyze the influence of sales promotion, utilitarian motive, self-esteem, and hedonic motive on purchasing decisions with impulse buying and behavioral intention as intervening variables. This research surveyed with the participation of 30 respondents who had purchased products through XYZ e-commerce Therefore, this measuring instrument meets the requirements and is acceptable for further research.","PeriodicalId":503135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Science Research and Review","volume":"127 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139840823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-32
Virnanda Laraswati, Prof. Dra. Indrawati, M.M., Ph.D
One proof of the ease of technology is the emergence of e-commerce. E-commerce is a medium that allows sellers and buyers to meet face-to-face. This research aims to provide a measurement tool to analyze the influence of sales promotion, utilitarian motive, self-esteem, and hedonic motive on purchasing decisions with impulse buying and behavioral intention as intervening variables. This research surveyed with the participation of 30 respondents who had purchased products through XYZ e-commerce Therefore, this measuring instrument meets the requirements and is acceptable for further research.
{"title":"Measurement Tool for The Influence of Sales Promotion, Utilitarian Motive, Self Esteem Motive, and Hedonic Motive on Purchase Decision with Impulse Buying and Behavior Intention as Variable Intervening in E-commerce XYZ","authors":"Virnanda Laraswati, Prof. Dra. Indrawati, M.M., Ph.D","doi":"10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-32","url":null,"abstract":"One proof of the ease of technology is the emergence of e-commerce. E-commerce is a medium that allows sellers and buyers to meet face-to-face. This research aims to provide a measurement tool to analyze the influence of sales promotion, utilitarian motive, self-esteem, and hedonic motive on purchasing decisions with impulse buying and behavioral intention as intervening variables. This research surveyed with the participation of 30 respondents who had purchased products through XYZ e-commerce Therefore, this measuring instrument meets the requirements and is acceptable for further research.","PeriodicalId":503135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Science Research and Review","volume":"110 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139781153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-12DOI: 10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-29
Crisa Agriawan, H. Ginting
PT Pertamina Hulu Mahakam is Indonesia national oil company that produce and operate gas and oil field in Mahakam, East Kalimantan Area. It spreads from swamp delta to shallow water offshore area. In 2022, the company operates 5 drilling rigs, which are 3 Jack Up Rigs and 2 Swamp Barge Rigs. The drilling rig is used to perform the operations of well construction activities for development and explorations wells, from spud, drilling, until well completion. The operations on the drilling rig have a high-risk profile. It involves handling equipment, tools, tripping hazard, lifting operations, moving object, drop object, power system, rotation system, high pressure lines and simultaneous operations. A safety system, campaign, initiatives, and measurement are deployed on the rig site to keep the rig crew away from incident. Despite safety initiatives in place on the rig site, however, incident still happens. If incident happened, there will be lost of productivity, man hours, medical cost, administration, and dedicated investigation time. The operations need to be stopped and reevaluated again before continuing the job. Due to the most common factor of incident is human factor, hence, to understand how safety initiatives conducted and implemented by people on the rig, the research uses the theory of planned behavior. The research took sample of questionnaires and interview from personnel on the rig, which are the actors of safety initiatives. It involves direct and indirect method, and comparison between descriptive (manual method) and PLS analysist. On PLS analysis, author compares independently the result between: Direct Measurement (A), Control Belief (B) and Control belief multiply to the outcome evaluation / motivation / power, depend on the factors of the TPB (B x C). From the result, it is observed that the determinant factors of the theory of planned behavior such as: attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control is confirmed to have effect on the intention and safety incident avoidance. Based on the descriptive analysis, all variable element of TPB have high to very high category, except Direct Measurement of Perceived Behavioural Control (PBC) that falls into medium category. This give indication that the level of control, ease or difficulties of rig workers in performing safety initiatives is low compare to the other factors. It is shown by the questionnaire result that despite they have control in performing safety initiatives, however, when incident happened, they state that they have less control. On the hypothesis result, the model B x C has the best output from reliability test, however, it is shown that the attitude has no effect on safety behavior intention. This finding relates to the answer on the level of worries and concern on safety of the rig crew which supposed to be undesirable when incident happened, however the answer was more on desirable. This part can be explored more on how the rig worker view the “worry or
PT Pertamina Hulu Mahakam 是印度尼西亚国家石油公司，在东加里曼丹 Mahakam 地区生产和经营天然气和油田。油田从沼泽三角洲一直延伸到近海浅水区。2022 年，该公司运营 5 台钻机，其中 3 台为自升式钻机，2 台为沼泽驳船钻机。钻机用于执行开发井和探井的建井活动，从开井、钻井到完井。钻井平台上的作业具有高风险特征。它涉及搬运设备、工具、绊倒危险、起重作业、移动物体、掉落物体、动力系统、旋转系统、高压线和同时作业。钻机现场部署了安全系统、活动、举措和测量，以确保钻机工作人员远离事故。尽管钻机现场采取了安全措施，但事故仍时有发生。如果发生事故，将造成生产力、工时、医疗费用、行政管理和专门调查时间的损失。在继续作业之前，需要停止作业并重新评估。由于事故最常见的因素是人为因素，因此，为了了解钻井平台上的人员如何开展和实施安全措施，研究采用了计划行为理论。研究采用问卷调查和访谈的方式，对钻井平台上的人员进行抽样调查，这些人员都是安全措施的参与者。研究涉及直接法和间接法，以及描述法（手工法）和 PLS 分析法之间的比较。在 PLS 分析中，作者独立比较了以下几种方法的结果：直接测量（A）、控制信念（B）和控制信念乘以结果评价/动机/权力，取决于 TPB 的因素（B x C）。从结果中可以看出，计划行为理论的决定因素，如态度、主观规范和感知行为控制被证实对意向和安全事故规避有影响。根据描述性分析，除了 "感知行为控制"（PBC）的直接测量属于中等类别外，计划行为理论的所有变量要素都属于高到非常高的类别。这表明，与其他因素相比，钻机工人在执行安全措施时的控制水平、难易程度较低。问卷结果表明，尽管他们在执行安全措施时有控制权，但当事故发生时，他们表示自己的控制权较弱。在假设结果上，模型 B x C 的信度检验结果最好，但表明态度对安全行为意向没有影响。这一结果与钻机人员对安全的担忧和关注程度有关，当事故发生时，钻机人员的担忧和关注程度本应是不可取的，但答案却更倾向于可取。这一部分可以进一步探讨钻井工人如何看待 "担心或关注"，由于其工作场所的性质，他们可能会将此作为保持警惕和工作场所意识的工具。
{"title":"Safety Behavior Analysis in the Drilling Rig Site Operations of Pertamina Hulu Mahakam","authors":"Crisa Agriawan, H. Ginting","doi":"10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-29","url":null,"abstract":"PT Pertamina Hulu Mahakam is Indonesia national oil company that produce and operate gas and oil field in Mahakam, East Kalimantan Area. It spreads from swamp delta to shallow water offshore area. In 2022, the company operates 5 drilling rigs, which are 3 Jack Up Rigs and 2 Swamp Barge Rigs. The drilling rig is used to perform the operations of well construction activities for development and explorations wells, from spud, drilling, until well completion. The operations on the drilling rig have a high-risk profile. It involves handling equipment, tools, tripping hazard, lifting operations, moving object, drop object, power system, rotation system, high pressure lines and simultaneous operations. A safety system, campaign, initiatives, and measurement are deployed on the rig site to keep the rig crew away from incident. Despite safety initiatives in place on the rig site, however, incident still happens. If incident happened, there will be lost of productivity, man hours, medical cost, administration, and dedicated investigation time. The operations need to be stopped and reevaluated again before continuing the job. Due to the most common factor of incident is human factor, hence, to understand how safety initiatives conducted and implemented by people on the rig, the research uses the theory of planned behavior. The research took sample of questionnaires and interview from personnel on the rig, which are the actors of safety initiatives. It involves direct and indirect method, and comparison between descriptive (manual method) and PLS analysist. On PLS analysis, author compares independently the result between: Direct Measurement (A), Control Belief (B) and Control belief multiply to the outcome evaluation / motivation / power, depend on the factors of the TPB (B x C). From the result, it is observed that the determinant factors of the theory of planned behavior such as: attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control is confirmed to have effect on the intention and safety incident avoidance. Based on the descriptive analysis, all variable element of TPB have high to very high category, except Direct Measurement of Perceived Behavioural Control (PBC) that falls into medium category. This give indication that the level of control, ease or difficulties of rig workers in performing safety initiatives is low compare to the other factors. It is shown by the questionnaire result that despite they have control in performing safety initiatives, however, when incident happened, they state that they have less control. On the hypothesis result, the model B x C has the best output from reliability test, however, it is shown that the attitude has no effect on safety behavior intention. This finding relates to the answer on the level of worries and concern on safety of the rig crew which supposed to be undesirable when incident happened, however the answer was more on desirable. This part can be explored more on how the rig worker view the “worry or","PeriodicalId":503135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Science Research and Review","volume":"36 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139782522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-12DOI: 10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-29
Crisa Agriawan, H. Ginting
PT Pertamina Hulu Mahakam is Indonesia national oil company that produce and operate gas and oil field in Mahakam, East Kalimantan Area. It spreads from swamp delta to shallow water offshore area. In 2022, the company operates 5 drilling rigs, which are 3 Jack Up Rigs and 2 Swamp Barge Rigs. The drilling rig is used to perform the operations of well construction activities for development and explorations wells, from spud, drilling, until well completion. The operations on the drilling rig have a high-risk profile. It involves handling equipment, tools, tripping hazard, lifting operations, moving object, drop object, power system, rotation system, high pressure lines and simultaneous operations. A safety system, campaign, initiatives, and measurement are deployed on the rig site to keep the rig crew away from incident. Despite safety initiatives in place on the rig site, however, incident still happens. If incident happened, there will be lost of productivity, man hours, medical cost, administration, and dedicated investigation time. The operations need to be stopped and reevaluated again before continuing the job. Due to the most common factor of incident is human factor, hence, to understand how safety initiatives conducted and implemented by people on the rig, the research uses the theory of planned behavior. The research took sample of questionnaires and interview from personnel on the rig, which are the actors of safety initiatives. It involves direct and indirect method, and comparison between descriptive (manual method) and PLS analysist. On PLS analysis, author compares independently the result between: Direct Measurement (A), Control Belief (B) and Control belief multiply to the outcome evaluation / motivation / power, depend on the factors of the TPB (B x C). From the result, it is observed that the determinant factors of the theory of planned behavior such as: attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control is confirmed to have effect on the intention and safety incident avoidance. Based on the descriptive analysis, all variable element of TPB have high to very high category, except Direct Measurement of Perceived Behavioural Control (PBC) that falls into medium category. This give indication that the level of control, ease or difficulties of rig workers in performing safety initiatives is low compare to the other factors. It is shown by the questionnaire result that despite they have control in performing safety initiatives, however, when incident happened, they state that they have less control. On the hypothesis result, the model B x C has the best output from reliability test, however, it is shown that the attitude has no effect on safety behavior intention. This finding relates to the answer on the level of worries and concern on safety of the rig crew which supposed to be undesirable when incident happened, however the answer was more on desirable. This part can be explored more on how the rig worker view the “worry or
PT Pertamina Hulu Mahakam 是印度尼西亚国家石油公司，在东加里曼丹 Mahakam 地区生产和经营天然气和油田。油田从沼泽三角洲一直延伸到近海浅水区。2022 年，该公司运营 5 台钻机，其中 3 台为自升式钻机，2 台为沼泽驳船钻机。钻机用于执行开发井和探井的建井活动，从开井、钻井到完井。钻井平台上的作业具有高风险特征。它涉及搬运设备、工具、绊倒危险、起重作业、移动物体、掉落物体、动力系统、旋转系统、高压线和同时作业。钻机现场部署了安全系统、活动、举措和测量，以确保钻机工作人员远离事故。尽管钻机现场采取了安全措施，但事故仍时有发生。如果发生事故，将造成生产力、工时、医疗费用、行政管理和专门调查时间的损失。在继续作业之前，需要停止作业并重新评估。由于事故最常见的因素是人为因素，因此，为了了解钻井平台上的人员如何开展和实施安全措施，研究采用了计划行为理论。研究采用问卷调查和访谈的方式，对钻井平台上的人员进行抽样调查，这些人员都是安全措施的参与者。研究涉及直接法和间接法，以及描述法（手工法）和 PLS 分析法之间的比较。在 PLS 分析中，作者独立比较了以下几种方法的结果：直接测量（A）、控制信念（B）和控制信念乘以结果评价/动机/权力，取决于 TPB 的因素（B x C）。从结果中可以看出，计划行为理论的决定因素，如态度、主观规范和感知行为控制被证实对意向和安全事故规避有影响。根据描述性分析，除了 "感知行为控制"（PBC）的直接测量属于中等类别外，计划行为理论的所有变量要素都属于高到非常高的类别。这表明，与其他因素相比，钻机工人在执行安全措施时的控制水平、难易程度较低。问卷结果表明，尽管他们在执行安全措施时有控制权，但当事故发生时，他们表示自己的控制权较弱。在假设结果上，模型 B x C 的信度检验结果最好，但表明态度对安全行为意向没有影响。这一结果与钻机人员对安全的担忧和关注程度有关，当事故发生时，钻机人员的担忧和关注程度本应是不可取的，但答案却更倾向于可取。这一部分可以进一步探讨钻井工人如何看待 "担心或关注"，由于其工作场所的性质，他们可能会将此作为保持警惕和工作场所意识的工具。
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Pub Date : 2024-02-12DOI: 10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-31
Joshua E.E.G. Kana, Y. R. Noach, Twenfosel O. Dami Dato, Agustinus R. Riwu
The study aimed to determine the effect of blend of goat manure charcoal, saboak shell and lamtoro twigs on the physical and chemical properties of biocharcoal briquettes. The completely randomised design with 4 treatments and 4 replications was applied in this study. Those treatments were, P1 = 25% goat manure charcoal + 75% saboak shell without lamtoro twigs, P2 = 25% goat manure charcoal + 50% saboak shell + 25% lamtoro twigs, P3 = 25% goat manure charcoal + 25% saboak shell + 50% lamtoro twigs and P4 = 25% goat manure charcoal without saboak shell + 75% lamtoro twigs. The variables studied were: yield, density, moisture content, ash content, calorific value, volatile matter and fixed carbon. Data were analysed according to the analysis of variance procedure. The mean values obtained were: 55.20% yield; 0.56 g/cm3 density; 3.41% moisture content; 14.80% ash content; 5195.05 cal/g calorific value; 25.54% volatile matter; 56.25% fixed carbon. Statistical analysis showed the treatment had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on yield, density, moisture content, ash content and fixed carbon, but not significant (P>0.05) on calorific value and volatile matter. It can be concluded that blend of goat manure charcoal, saboak shell and lamtoro twigs with an increasing proportion of lamtoro twig as substitute on saboak shell produces biocharcoal briquettes with good moisture, density and calorific value that has fulfilled the requirements standardised in SNI 01-6235-2000, while other physicochemical properties such as fixed carbon, volatile matter ash content not meet these standards.
{"title":"Physico-chemical Properties of Biocharcoal Briquettes Blend of Goat Manure Charcoal, Saboak Shell and Lamtoro Twigs","authors":"Joshua E.E.G. Kana, Y. R. Noach, Twenfosel O. Dami Dato, Agustinus R. Riwu","doi":"10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-31","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to determine the effect of blend of goat manure charcoal, saboak shell and lamtoro twigs on the physical and chemical properties of biocharcoal briquettes. The completely randomised design with 4 treatments and 4 replications was applied in this study. Those treatments were, P1 = 25% goat manure charcoal + 75% saboak shell without lamtoro twigs, P2 = 25% goat manure charcoal + 50% saboak shell + 25% lamtoro twigs, P3 = 25% goat manure charcoal + 25% saboak shell + 50% lamtoro twigs and P4 = 25% goat manure charcoal without saboak shell + 75% lamtoro twigs. The variables studied were: yield, density, moisture content, ash content, calorific value, volatile matter and fixed carbon. Data were analysed according to the analysis of variance procedure. The mean values obtained were: 55.20% yield; 0.56 g/cm3 density; 3.41% moisture content; 14.80% ash content; 5195.05 cal/g calorific value; 25.54% volatile matter; 56.25% fixed carbon. Statistical analysis showed the treatment had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on yield, density, moisture content, ash content and fixed carbon, but not significant (P>0.05) on calorific value and volatile matter. It can be concluded that blend of goat manure charcoal, saboak shell and lamtoro twigs with an increasing proportion of lamtoro twig as substitute on saboak shell produces biocharcoal briquettes with good moisture, density and calorific value that has fulfilled the requirements standardised in SNI 01-6235-2000, while other physicochemical properties such as fixed carbon, volatile matter ash content not meet these standards.","PeriodicalId":503135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Science Research and Review","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139782310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-12DOI: 10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-30
Thomas A.B. Wator, Y. R. Noach, Upik Sy. Rosnah, T. O. D. Dato
The study aimed to determine the effect of goat manure charcoal mixture, saboak shell and rice husk on the physico-chemical characteristics of biocharcoal briquettes. The completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replicates was applied. Those treatments were P1 = 25% goat manure + 75% saboak shell without rice husk, P2 = 25% goat manure + 50% saboak shell + 25% rice husk, P3 = 25% goat manure + 25% saboak shell + 50% rice husk, P4 = 25% goat manure + 75% rice husk without saboak shell. Variables measured: yield, density, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon and calorific value. The average data obtained were: yield 58.94%; density 0.65 g/cm3; moisture 2.42%; ash 27.41%; volatile matter 26.58%; fixed carbon 43.59%. and calorific value 4086.7 cal/ g; Statistical analysis showed that treatment had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on ash content and fixed carbon; significant effect (P<0.05) on moisture content and calorific value; and not significant (P>0.05) on yield, density and volatile matter. It was concluded that increasing the proportion of rice husk charcoal in the mixture with goat manure and saboak shell produced biochar briquettes with characteristics decreased of moisture content, fixed carbon and calorific value, increased of ash content while yield, density and volatile matter tended to be the same.
{"title":"Physico-chemical Characteristics of Biochar Briquettes Blend of Goat Manure Charcoal, Saboak Shells and Rice Husk","authors":"Thomas A.B. Wator, Y. R. Noach, Upik Sy. Rosnah, T. O. D. Dato","doi":"10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-30","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to determine the effect of goat manure charcoal mixture, saboak shell and rice husk on the physico-chemical characteristics of biocharcoal briquettes. The completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replicates was applied. Those treatments were P1 = 25% goat manure + 75% saboak shell without rice husk, P2 = 25% goat manure + 50% saboak shell + 25% rice husk, P3 = 25% goat manure + 25% saboak shell + 50% rice husk, P4 = 25% goat manure + 75% rice husk without saboak shell. Variables measured: yield, density, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon and calorific value. The average data obtained were: yield 58.94%; density 0.65 g/cm3; moisture 2.42%; ash 27.41%; volatile matter 26.58%; fixed carbon 43.59%. and calorific value 4086.7 cal/ g; Statistical analysis showed that treatment had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on ash content and fixed carbon; significant effect (P<0.05) on moisture content and calorific value; and not significant (P>0.05) on yield, density and volatile matter. It was concluded that increasing the proportion of rice husk charcoal in the mixture with goat manure and saboak shell produced biochar briquettes with characteristics decreased of moisture content, fixed carbon and calorific value, increased of ash content while yield, density and volatile matter tended to be the same.","PeriodicalId":503135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Science Research and Review","volume":"119 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139785065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-12DOI: 10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-31
Joshua E.E.G. Kana, Y. R. Noach, Twenfosel O. Dami Dato, Agustinus R. Riwu
The study aimed to determine the effect of blend of goat manure charcoal, saboak shell and lamtoro twigs on the physical and chemical properties of biocharcoal briquettes. The completely randomised design with 4 treatments and 4 replications was applied in this study. Those treatments were, P1 = 25% goat manure charcoal + 75% saboak shell without lamtoro twigs, P2 = 25% goat manure charcoal + 50% saboak shell + 25% lamtoro twigs, P3 = 25% goat manure charcoal + 25% saboak shell + 50% lamtoro twigs and P4 = 25% goat manure charcoal without saboak shell + 75% lamtoro twigs. The variables studied were: yield, density, moisture content, ash content, calorific value, volatile matter and fixed carbon. Data were analysed according to the analysis of variance procedure. The mean values obtained were: 55.20% yield; 0.56 g/cm3 density; 3.41% moisture content; 14.80% ash content; 5195.05 cal/g calorific value; 25.54% volatile matter; 56.25% fixed carbon. Statistical analysis showed the treatment had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on yield, density, moisture content, ash content and fixed carbon, but not significant (P>0.05) on calorific value and volatile matter. It can be concluded that blend of goat manure charcoal, saboak shell and lamtoro twigs with an increasing proportion of lamtoro twig as substitute on saboak shell produces biocharcoal briquettes with good moisture, density and calorific value that has fulfilled the requirements standardised in SNI 01-6235-2000, while other physicochemical properties such as fixed carbon, volatile matter ash content not meet these standards.
{"title":"Physico-chemical Properties of Biocharcoal Briquettes Blend of Goat Manure Charcoal, Saboak Shell and Lamtoro Twigs","authors":"Joshua E.E.G. Kana, Y. R. Noach, Twenfosel O. Dami Dato, Agustinus R. Riwu","doi":"10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-31","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to determine the effect of blend of goat manure charcoal, saboak shell and lamtoro twigs on the physical and chemical properties of biocharcoal briquettes. The completely randomised design with 4 treatments and 4 replications was applied in this study. Those treatments were, P1 = 25% goat manure charcoal + 75% saboak shell without lamtoro twigs, P2 = 25% goat manure charcoal + 50% saboak shell + 25% lamtoro twigs, P3 = 25% goat manure charcoal + 25% saboak shell + 50% lamtoro twigs and P4 = 25% goat manure charcoal without saboak shell + 75% lamtoro twigs. The variables studied were: yield, density, moisture content, ash content, calorific value, volatile matter and fixed carbon. Data were analysed according to the analysis of variance procedure. The mean values obtained were: 55.20% yield; 0.56 g/cm3 density; 3.41% moisture content; 14.80% ash content; 5195.05 cal/g calorific value; 25.54% volatile matter; 56.25% fixed carbon. Statistical analysis showed the treatment had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on yield, density, moisture content, ash content and fixed carbon, but not significant (P>0.05) on calorific value and volatile matter. It can be concluded that blend of goat manure charcoal, saboak shell and lamtoro twigs with an increasing proportion of lamtoro twig as substitute on saboak shell produces biocharcoal briquettes with good moisture, density and calorific value that has fulfilled the requirements standardised in SNI 01-6235-2000, while other physicochemical properties such as fixed carbon, volatile matter ash content not meet these standards.","PeriodicalId":503135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Science Research and Review","volume":"54 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139842224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-12DOI: 10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-30
Thomas A.B. Wator, Y. R. Noach, Upik Sy. Rosnah, T. O. D. Dato
The study aimed to determine the effect of goat manure charcoal mixture, saboak shell and rice husk on the physico-chemical characteristics of biocharcoal briquettes. The completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replicates was applied. Those treatments were P1 = 25% goat manure + 75% saboak shell without rice husk, P2 = 25% goat manure + 50% saboak shell + 25% rice husk, P3 = 25% goat manure + 25% saboak shell + 50% rice husk, P4 = 25% goat manure + 75% rice husk without saboak shell. Variables measured: yield, density, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon and calorific value. The average data obtained were: yield 58.94%; density 0.65 g/cm3; moisture 2.42%; ash 27.41%; volatile matter 26.58%; fixed carbon 43.59%. and calorific value 4086.7 cal/ g; Statistical analysis showed that treatment had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on ash content and fixed carbon; significant effect (P<0.05) on moisture content and calorific value; and not significant (P>0.05) on yield, density and volatile matter. It was concluded that increasing the proportion of rice husk charcoal in the mixture with goat manure and saboak shell produced biochar briquettes with characteristics decreased of moisture content, fixed carbon and calorific value, increased of ash content while yield, density and volatile matter tended to be the same.
{"title":"Physico-chemical Characteristics of Biochar Briquettes Blend of Goat Manure Charcoal, Saboak Shells and Rice Husk","authors":"Thomas A.B. Wator, Y. R. Noach, Upik Sy. Rosnah, T. O. D. Dato","doi":"10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-30","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to determine the effect of goat manure charcoal mixture, saboak shell and rice husk on the physico-chemical characteristics of biocharcoal briquettes. The completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replicates was applied. Those treatments were P1 = 25% goat manure + 75% saboak shell without rice husk, P2 = 25% goat manure + 50% saboak shell + 25% rice husk, P3 = 25% goat manure + 25% saboak shell + 50% rice husk, P4 = 25% goat manure + 75% rice husk without saboak shell. Variables measured: yield, density, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon and calorific value. The average data obtained were: yield 58.94%; density 0.65 g/cm3; moisture 2.42%; ash 27.41%; volatile matter 26.58%; fixed carbon 43.59%. and calorific value 4086.7 cal/ g; Statistical analysis showed that treatment had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on ash content and fixed carbon; significant effect (P<0.05) on moisture content and calorific value; and not significant (P>0.05) on yield, density and volatile matter. It was concluded that increasing the proportion of rice husk charcoal in the mixture with goat manure and saboak shell produced biochar briquettes with characteristics decreased of moisture content, fixed carbon and calorific value, increased of ash content while yield, density and volatile matter tended to be the same.","PeriodicalId":503135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Science Research and Review","volume":"49 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139845040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-10DOI: 10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-27
Joshua Matrox Tamimi
PT ABC is a service company in the field of project management, established in 2005. It operates with three main businesses: project management training, project management applications, and consultancy services. Project management is a crucial element for executing projects effectively within a company. In various industries, there is a growing demand for knowledge and consultation on how to manage projects efficiently, leading to the emergence of companies specializing in project management consultancy, such as PT ABC, to address these challenges. This research aims to uncover the root problems of the company to identify implementable solutions. Several analyses are employed in this study, including General Environment Analysis, Industry Analysis, and Competitor Analysis for external insights. For internal analysis, resources analysis, value chain analysis, marketing mix, and STP analysis are utilized. The study then progresses to map SWOT analysis and TOWS analysis. From these analyses, weaknesses and strengths of the company are identified, guiding the formulation of appropriate strategies to compete in the market. The research reveals that PT ABC possesses several strengths that have enabled the company to endure over time. Noteworthy strengths include its reputation and a skilled human resource pool in project management, garnering attention in the project management industry. Additionally, the company has a competitive advantage through technological innovation in its application, setting it apart from competitors and providing potential added value when maximized. However, there are areas for improvement, such as refining the application products and establishing a dedicated marketing team to focus on promoting all of PT ABC’s products rather than just one.
{"title":"Proposed Business Strategy Improvement for Project Management Consulting Form (Study Case: PT ABC)","authors":"Joshua Matrox Tamimi","doi":"10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i2-27","url":null,"abstract":"PT ABC is a service company in the field of project management, established in 2005. It operates with three main businesses: project management training, project management applications, and consultancy services. Project management is a crucial element for executing projects effectively within a company. In various industries, there is a growing demand for knowledge and consultation on how to manage projects efficiently, leading to the emergence of companies specializing in project management consultancy, such as PT ABC, to address these challenges. This research aims to uncover the root problems of the company to identify implementable solutions. Several analyses are employed in this study, including General Environment Analysis, Industry Analysis, and Competitor Analysis for external insights. For internal analysis, resources analysis, value chain analysis, marketing mix, and STP analysis are utilized. The study then progresses to map SWOT analysis and TOWS analysis. From these analyses, weaknesses and strengths of the company are identified, guiding the formulation of appropriate strategies to compete in the market. The research reveals that PT ABC possesses several strengths that have enabled the company to endure over time. Noteworthy strengths include its reputation and a skilled human resource pool in project management, garnering attention in the project management industry. Additionally, the company has a competitive advantage through technological innovation in its application, setting it apart from competitors and providing potential added value when maximized. However, there are areas for improvement, such as refining the application products and establishing a dedicated marketing team to focus on promoting all of PT ABC’s products rather than just one.","PeriodicalId":503135,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Science Research and Review","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139846700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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