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Synthesis and Optical Properties of Copper Terephthalate Metal Organic Frame Works 对苯二甲酸铜金属有机骨架的合成及其光学性能
Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.4028/p-fdqs03
G. Nagalakshmi, I.M. Nandeesh, B. Yallur, V. Adimule, S. Batakurki
Two new copper-based metal organic frame work (Cu-MOF21 and CU-MOF-22) was synthesized using bromo malonaldehyde and terephthalic an amino terephthalic acid. They synthesized CU-MOFs were characterized by FT-IR, UV-Visible spectroscopy. The XRD diffraction pattern indicated 2 θ at 17.3° and 26.8°. The Tauc’s method was employed to calculate the band gap of Cu-MOFs and was found that Cu-MOFS-21 exhibited 3.14 eV and Cu-MOF-22 with average bandgap energy at 3.61 eV attributed to the ligand-metal charge transfer. The results indicate that both Cu-MOFs can be further modified by suitable dopants to enhance the conductivity and reduce the band gap energy. Keywords: Metal organic frameworks, Copper metal, Bandgap energy, photoluminescence,
以溴丙二醛和氨基对苯二甲酸为原料合成了两种新型铜基金属有机骨架(Cu-MOF21和cu - mof22)。用FT-IR、uv -可见光谱对合成的cu - mof进行了表征。XRD衍射图在17.3°和26.8°处显示2 θ。利用Tauc方法计算了Cu-MOFs的带隙,发现Cu-MOFs -21的带隙能量为3.14 eV, Cu-MOFs -22的带隙能量平均为3.61 eV。结果表明,两种Cu-MOFs都可以通过适当的掺杂剂进一步改性,以提高其导电性,降低其带隙能。关键词:金属有机骨架,铜金属,带隙能,光致发光
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引用次数: 1
Study of Temperature Effect on the Structure and Optical Properties of RIT- 62 Cu-MOFs 温度对RIT- 62 Cu-MOFs结构和光学性质影响的研究
Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.4028/p-91j5nn
Vinuta Kamat, V. Adimule, B. Yallur, D.H. Manjunath, S. Batakurki
Metal organic frameworks are the materials of today’s generation and are widely used for their various physicochemical properties. MOFs are synthesized by various methods such chemical precipitation method, solgel method, hydrothermal method etc. To attain the required optoelectronic properties of MOFs, synthetic methods play a important role. In the present work, the synthesis of Cu-MOFs was carried out at 80 °C and 120 °C. The synthesized Cu-MOFs were labeled as RIT 62-Cu-MOF-1 and RIT 62-Cu-MOF-2. Both the Cu-MOFs were characterized by FTIR, UV-visible spectra. The FESEM of both Cu-MOFs indicated that spherical particles with 120 to 200 nms. of particle size. Tauc’s method was employed to compute the band gap of both Cu-MOFs. RIT 62-Cu-MOF-1 imparted 2.67 eV while RIT 62-Cu-MOF-2 imparted average of 2.06 eV off bandgap. 2.35 eV due to ligand-metal charge transfer observed through UV-visible spectra. Further, optimization of synthetic procedures to enhance the optical properties of Cu-MOFs.
金属有机骨架是当今一代的材料,因其各种物理化学性质而被广泛使用。mof的合成方法有化学沉淀法、溶胶凝胶法、水热法等。为了获得mof所需的光电性能,合成方法起着重要的作用。在本工作中,Cu-MOFs的合成分别在80°C和120°C下进行。合成的cu - mof分别标记为RIT 62-Cu-MOF-1和RIT 62-Cu-MOF-2。用红外光谱和紫外可见光谱对两种Cu-MOFs进行了表征。两种cu - mof的FESEM均为120 ~ 200 nms的球形颗粒。颗粒大小的。采用Tauc方法计算了两种Cu-MOFs的带隙。RIT 62-Cu-MOF-1的平均增益为2.67 eV, RIT 62-Cu-MOF-2的平均增益为2.06 eV。通过紫外可见光谱观察到的配-金属电荷转移效应。进一步,优化合成工艺以提高Cu-MOFs的光学性能。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of Data Driven Soft Sensors in Dimethyl Ether Production by Reactive Distillation Column 反应精馏塔对二甲醚生产中数据驱动软传感器的测定
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.4028/p-j7p864
B. H. Bisowarno, P. Ramadhany, Tjioe Gerry Sebastian Wibowo
DME production by methanol dehydration using reactive distillation has a lot of potentials. However, the DME purity and methanol conversion is hard to be controlled and need inferential variable to be controlled. Data driven soft sensors can be utilised to select inferential variables, which can be used to control DME production by using reactive distillation. The data was collected from process simulation using ASPEN and analyzed by using PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and PLSR (Partial Least Squares Regression). The results show that based on the data driven soft sensors method, the DME purity can be controlled by using T4 as an inferential variable and ratio reflux as the manipulated variable. However, the methanol conversion is hard to be controlled because the potential inferential temperature was not significantly affected by reflux ratio and reboiler duty as the candidate manipulated variables.
甲醇脱水反应精馏生产二甲醚具有很大的发展潜力。但二甲醚的纯度和甲醇转化率难以控制,需要对推理变量进行控制。数据驱动的软传感器可以用来选择推理变量,这些变量可以用来控制二甲醚的生产。采用ASPEN进行过程模拟,采用主成分分析(PCA)和偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)对数据进行分析。结果表明,基于数据驱动软传感器方法,以T4为推理变量,以比例回流为操纵变量,可以实现二甲醚纯度的控制。然而,甲醇转化率很难控制,因为回流比和再沸器负荷作为候选操纵变量对潜在推断温度的影响不显著。
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引用次数: 0
Carbonaceous Catalyst Activated Persulfate for Degradation of Antibiotic Pollutants in Water 碳质催化剂活化过硫酸盐降解水中抗生素污染物的研究
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.4028/p-507e3a
Chengwei Zhong
In recent years, the frequent use of antibiotics has led to the continuous release of antibiotics into the water environment, which not only poses a potential threat to public health, but also contributes to the generation and spread of antibiotic resistance. In addition, due to the high environmental persistence and low biodegradability of antibiotics, it is difficult to be effectively degraded by traditional water treatment processes. Therefore, it is urgent to develop clean and efficient treatment technologies. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), which can effectively remove refractory organic pollutants from water, has become a promising water treatment technology. In this regard, persulfate (PS)-based AOPs (PS-AOPs) has attracted extensive attention of researchers. In this system, PS can be activated by energy and catalysts to produce highly oxidizing active species, and achieve efficient degradation of antibiotics. Due to its rich surface functional groups, high specific surface area and high adsorption properties, researches on the activation of PS by carbonaceous materials have been reported continuously. In this paper, the research progress of carbon nanotubes, graphene, biological carbon, active carbon and hetero-atom doped carbon materials as catalysts to activate PS and degrade antibiotics is reviewed. In addition, the structure and properties of different carbon materials and the activation mechanism of free radical and non-free radical mediated by carbon materials were introduced, and the effects of PS dosage, catalyst dosage, temperature and pH on the degradation of antibiotics were discussed. Finally, this paper points out the important development direction in the future, that is, the development of environmental protection, high efficiency, low cost carbon materials and further research on the actual wastewater treatment performance.
近年来,抗生素的频繁使用导致抗生素不断释放到水环境中,这不仅对公众健康构成潜在威胁,而且有助于抗生素耐药性的产生和传播。此外,由于抗生素具有较高的环境持久性和较低的生物降解性,传统的水处理工艺难以有效降解抗生素。因此,开发清洁高效的处理技术迫在眉睫。深度氧化法(AOPs)能有效去除水中难降解的有机污染物,已成为一种很有前途的水处理技术。因此,过硫酸盐(PS)基AOPs (PS-AOPs)引起了研究人员的广泛关注。在该体系中,PS可以通过能量和催化剂活化产生高氧化性活性物质,实现对抗生素的高效降解。由于其具有丰富的表面官能团、高比表面积和高吸附性能,碳质材料对PS的活化研究不断被报道。本文综述了碳纳米管、石墨烯、生物碳、活性炭和杂原子掺杂碳材料作为活化PS和降解抗生素的催化剂的研究进展。此外,介绍了不同碳材料的结构和性能,以及碳材料介导的自由基和非自由基的活化机理,并讨论了PS用量、催化剂用量、温度和pH对抗生素降解的影响。最后,本文指出了未来的重要发展方向,即开发环保、高效、低成本的碳材料,并进一步研究实际的废水处理性能。
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引用次数: 0
Extraction Technology for Manganese Sulfate Solution Purification 硫酸锰溶液提纯的萃取工艺
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.4028/p-6oe21m
Chen Zhe Li, Hongyan Xie, Huifen Jin
Manganese sulfate is an important base manganese salt; nearly 80% of the world's manganese products are produced using manganese sulfate or manganese sulfate solution. Furthermore, manganese sulfate has many applications in industry and agriculture; thus, manganese sulfate solution impurity removal technology is important. This study aims to remove impurities from manganese sulfate solution-using complex low-grade manganese ore and manganese-rich fumes after pressure acid leaching to obtain a manganese sulfate solution, which is then purified through iron removal by oxidation neutralization; finally, the purified liquid is treated using extraction-back-extraction. We investigated the effects of various extraction parameters on the extraction rate of manganese, as well as the effects of various back-extraction parameters on the manganese back-extraction rate and manganese ion concentration in the back-extraction solution, and studied the extraction-back-extraction process. We found that the extraction and back-extraction rates of manganese could reach 95% and 96.9%, respectively, under optimal conditions..
硫酸锰是一种重要的碱性锰盐;世界上近80%的锰产品是用硫酸锰或硫酸锰溶液生产的。此外,硫酸锰在工业和农业上有许多应用;因此,硫酸锰溶液除杂技术具有重要意义。本研究的目的是去除硫酸锰溶液中的杂质——利用复杂的低品位锰矿石和加压酸浸后的富锰烟气得到硫酸锰溶液,然后通过氧化中和除铁提纯;最后,用萃取-反萃取法对纯化液进行处理。考察了不同提取参数对锰提取率的影响,以及不同反提取参数对反提取液中锰离子浓度和锰反提取速率的影响,并对提取-反提取工艺进行了研究。结果表明,在最优条件下,锰的提取率可达95%,反提取率可达96.9%。
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引用次数: 0
Enhance the Growth of Clostridium ljungdahlii Microbial Cells by Modifying the Medium Composition and Trace Metals 通过改变培养基成分和微量金属来促进隆氏梭菌微生物细胞的生长
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.4028/p-t9r224
Noviani Arifina Istiqomah, G. M. Krista, R. Mukti, M. Kresnowati, T. Setiadi
Syngas fermentation is an alternative route that combines the advantages of thermochemical and biochemical processes have been proposed for biomass conversion to ethanol. One of the main obstacles to syngas fermentation is the low yield of ethanol, caused by the limited utilization of the syngas substrate due to low microbial cell concentration in the fermentation system. This research examined the modification of fermentation medium to improve microbial cell growth. The modifications were to increase the concentration of micronutrients/trace metals and macronutrients in the medium. The results showed that the maximum mass cell and maximum growth rate produced by microbial growth in the modified trace metal medium were 0.63 g/L and 0.0076 h-1, while in a modified macronutrient medium were 0.97 g/L and 0.0298 h-1. Modification of the macronutrient medium was able to increase the yield of biomass, but the opposite occurred in the modification of the trace metals. Meanwhile, the maximum concentration of ethanol from syngas fermentation in the modified macronutrient medium was lower than the concentration of ethanol in the standard medium.
合成气发酵是生物质转化为乙醇的一种替代途径,它结合了热化学和生化过程的优点。合成气发酵的主要障碍之一是乙醇的低产量,这是由于发酵系统中微生物细胞浓度低,限制了合成气底物的利用。本研究探讨了发酵培养基的改性对微生物细胞生长的促进作用。修改是为了增加培养基中微量营养素/微量金属和宏量营养素的浓度。结果表明,微生物在改性微量金属培养基中产生的最大质量细胞和最大生长速率分别为0.63 g/L和0.0076 h-1,而在改性宏量营养素培养基中产生的最大质量细胞和最大生长速率分别为0.97 g/L和0.0298 h-1。对常量养分培养基进行改性可以提高生物量的产量,而对微量金属进行改性则相反。同时,改良的宏量营养培养基中合成气发酵乙醇的最大浓度低于标准培养基中乙醇的浓度。
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引用次数: 0
Peak Wavelength Mapping of Triangular Reflection in Spherical Colloidal Cluster with Icosahedral Symmetry 二十面体对称球形胶团三角形反射的峰值波长映射
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.4028/p-489m23
Ryosuke Ohnuki, Y. Takeoka, S. Yoshioka
Spherical colloidal clusters have various types of particle arrangements. Interestingly, one type has an icosahedron symmetry, characterized by the existence of five-fold axes. When the colloidal particle size is comparable to the wavelength of light, icosahedral colloidal clusters exhibit a unique triangular reflection with a specific wavelength, owing to optical interference. In this paper, we report the results of a detailed optical study on the position-dependent peak wavelength within the triangular region. Based on the map of the peak wavelength and spectral shape, we propose a structural model of the icosahedral colloidal cluster and discuss its formation process.
球形胶体团簇具有各种类型的粒子排列。有趣的是,一种类型具有二十面体对称,其特征是存在五重轴。当胶体粒径与光的波长相当时,由于光干涉,二十面体胶体团簇呈现出具有特定波长的独特三角形反射。在本文中,我们报告了一个详细的光学研究的结果,在三角区域内的位置依赖的峰值波长。基于峰波长图和光谱形状,提出了二十面体胶体团簇的结构模型,并讨论了其形成过程。
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引用次数: 1
Challenges in Syngas Fermentation for Bioethanol Production: Syngas Composition 生物乙醇生产合成气发酵的挑战:合成气组成
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.4028/p-9g14o1
R. Mukti, M. Kresnowati, T. Setiadi
Energy challenges in developing countries are more significant if they continue to use fossil materials and have an impact on air quality. Lignocellulosic biomass can be an alternative to new renewable sources to replace fossil materials. Indonesia produces various sources of lignocellulosic biomass, which can be used in multiple energy sources such as bioethanol. The hybrid pathway is one of the routes for producing bioethanol. The first stage of the hybrid process is the conversion of biomass into CO, CO2, and H2 (syngas) gas through the gasification process. Then the syngas is converted into bioethanol through fermentation using microorganisms as biocatalysts. The bioethanol production line is the Wood-Ljungdahlii pathway. Factors that affect syngas are the type of biomass (chemical, physical, and morphological properties) and the gasification process (type of gasifier, temperature, gasification agent, and ratio equilibrium (ER)). This paper reviews the challenges in implementing syngas fermentation. In particular, variations in the composition of syngas as a substrate for fermentation.
如果发展中国家继续使用化石材料并对空气质量产生影响,那么它们面临的能源挑战将更加重大。木质纤维素生物质可以替代新的可再生能源来取代化石材料。印度尼西亚生产各种来源的木质纤维素生物质,可用于多种能源,如生物乙醇。混合途径是生产生物乙醇的途径之一。混合过程的第一阶段是通过气化过程将生物质转化为CO, CO2和H2(合成气)气体。然后利用微生物作为生物催化剂,通过发酵将合成气转化为生物乙醇。该生物乙醇生产线为wood - ljungdahli途径。影响合成气的因素是生物质类型(化学、物理和形态特性)和气化过程(气化炉类型、温度、气化剂和比例平衡(ER))。本文综述了实现合成气发酵所面临的挑战。特别是合成气作为发酵底物的组成变化。
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引用次数: 0
Microfiltration Performance of α-Alumina Membrane for Removal of Glycerol from Biodiesel α-氧化铝膜去除生物柴油中甘油的微滤性能
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.4028/p-ev6150
S. Kusumocahyo, Nabilla S Maharani, Silvya Yusri
In biodiesel industries, the removal of glycerol from biodiesel is very important in the downstream process of the biodiesel production since the presence of glycerol in biodiesel causes diesel engine problems. Glycerol is commonly separated from biodiesel by extraction method using water, however, this method results in a vast amount of wastewater and requires a high energy consumption. In this work, a ceramic microfiltration membrane made of α-alumina was applied to remove glycerol from biodiesel. The microfiltration experiment was carried out using biodiesel containing various glycerol concentrations as the feed. For all investigated glycerol concentrations from 1000 ppm until 10,000 ppm in the feed, the membrane showed an excellent separation performance with rejection values of 91 to 99%. The profile of the permeate flux against the permeation time showed a flux decline because of the fouling phenomenon during the crossflow microfiltration experiment, and stable permeate fluxes were obtained after 2 h of permeation time. The result of this work showed that the separation process using the microfiltration membrane is a promising method to purify biodiesel instead of the conventional water washing method.
在生物柴油工业中,从生物柴油中去除甘油在生物柴油生产的下游过程中是非常重要的,因为生物柴油中甘油的存在会导致柴油发动机出现问题。从生物柴油中分离甘油通常采用用水提取的方法,但该方法产生大量废水,能耗高。采用α-氧化铝陶瓷微滤膜去除生物柴油中的甘油。以不同甘油浓度的生物柴油为原料,进行了微滤实验。对于饲料中1000ppm至10000ppm的所有甘油浓度,膜表现出良好的分离性能,截留值为91%至99%。在横流微滤实验中,由于结垢现象,渗透通量随渗透时间的变化曲线呈下降趋势,渗透时间为2 h后,渗透通量趋于稳定。研究结果表明,微滤膜分离是一种很有前途的生物柴油净化方法,可以代替传统的水洗法。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of bariatric surgery on the effectiveness of serological response after COVID-19 vaccination. 减肥手术对接种 COVID-19 疫苗后血清反应效果的影响。
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-022-02516-6
Mohamed Hany, Bart Torensma, Anwar Ashraf Abouelnasr, Ahmed Zidan, Mohamed Ibrahim, Ann Samy Shafiq Agayby, Mohamed Hesham, Amel Elsheredy, Ghada Ahmed Abu-Sheasha

Purpose: The primary objective of the current study is to determine whether bariatric surgery reversed the negative impact of obesity on the serological response after the COVID-19 vaccination. This objective is achieved in two steps: (a) quantifying the negative impact of obesity on the serological response after COVID-19 vaccination if it is present, and (b) testing whether bariatric surgery reversed this impact. The secondary objective was to monitor the occurrence of adverse events.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study between May 2021 and August 2021 on the strength of serological response after COVID-19 vaccination. Patients were classified into three groups. Group A (controls with normal or overweight), Group B (bariatric patients pre-operative), and Group C (bariatric patients post-operative). Quantitative antibodies against SARS‑CoV‑2 RBD with a strong neutralizing capacity were quantified from sera after at least 2 weeks post-vaccination.

Results: Of the 276 participants, Group A had n = 73, Group B had n = 126, and Group C had n = 77 patients. Overall, a strongly positive vaccine serological response was observed among 86% in group A, 63% in Group B, and 88% in Group C. Group C showed 5.33 times [95% CI 2.15 to 13.18] higher immune response than group B. Mild to moderate adverse events occurred in 30.1% [95% CI 24.7 to 35.9] of the study samples. Adverse events with the whole virus, mRNA, and vector vaccines occurred in 25%, 28%, and 37%, respectively.

Conclusion: Vaccinating and bariatric surgery are safe and effective treatments in the serological response in patients who suffer from obesity.

目的:本研究的主要目的是确定减肥手术是否能逆转肥胖对接种 COVID-19 疫苗后血清反应的负面影响。该目标分两步实现(a) 量化肥胖对接种 COVID-19 疫苗后血清反应的负面影响(如果存在),以及 (b) 检验减肥手术是否能逆转这种影响。次要目标是监测不良事件的发生:这是一项前瞻性队列研究,研究时间为 2021 年 5 月至 2021 年 8 月,研究对象为接种 COVID-19 疫苗后血清反应的强度。患者分为三组。A组(体重正常或超重的对照组)、B组(术前减肥患者)和C组(术后减肥患者)。在接种疫苗至少两周后,从血清中定量检测具有较强中和能力的 SARS-CoV-2 RBD 抗体:在 276 名参与者中,A 组有 73 人,B 组有 126 人,C 组有 77 人。总体而言,A 组中 86% 的患者、B 组中 63% 的患者和 C 组中 88% 的患者的疫苗血清反应呈强阳性,C 组的免疫反应是 B 组的 5.33 倍 [95% CI 2.15 至 13.18]。全病毒、mRNA 和载体疫苗的不良反应发生率分别为 25%、28% 和 37%:接种疫苗和减肥手术对肥胖症患者的血清反应是安全有效的治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
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