Indian Journal of Dermatology Venereology & Leprology最新文献

Background In atopic dermatitis (AD), allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) antibodies is considered to play an important role in the disease's pathogenesis and could be used to identify triggers. However, the association between sIgE and clinical and sub-clinical characteristics of AD varies according to different allergens and different countries. Aim This study aims to assess sIgE antibodies and their association with clinical and sub-clinical characteristics of Vietnamese children with AD. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 children aged 2 to 12 years old, diagnosed with AD based on Hanifin and Rajka's criteria. sIgE antibodies were measured by the EUROLINE Immunoblot test. Results sIgE positivity to at least one allergen was detected in 119 out of 160 (74.4%) children. The top two positive allergens were food allergens (88/160, 55%), and house dust mite allergens (64/160, 40%). sIgE antibodies were more often positive in children with a high tIgE level (p=<0.001), children with a family history of atopic diseases (p=<0.001), and children with moderate and severe AD (p=0.037). sIgE positivity to food allergens was more common in children in the younger age group than children in the middle and oldest age groups (p=<0.001), while sIgE positivity to house dust mite allergens was more common in children in the older age group (p=0.025). Food allergens were more often positive with moderate and severe AD (p=0.01). Limitations The participants did not represent all children with AD attending the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, as we used a convenience sample and excluded those whose parents/guardians declined to participate. In addition, some information, such as medical history, was only obtained from the parent/guardian report. This information may lack reliability. Conclusions Given the high incidence of sIgE antibody positivity and its association with family history of atopic diseases, age, disease severity, and tIgE in Vietnamese children with AD, it would be worthwhile to assess allergen-specific IgE antibodies when there is clinical suspicion of an allergen trigger to advise on allergen avoidance for preventing the exacerbation of AD.

Background In psoriasis patients treated with biologics, some achieve an ideal response to biologics and remain clear of lesions for several months, even years (super-responders-SRs), whereas others repeatedly fail to respond (super-non-responders-SNRs) to the biologic. Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of SRs and SNRs in psoriasis patients treated with biologic interleukin-17 inhibitors. Methods Chronic plaque psoriasis or psoriasis vulgaris patients who received IL-17i treatment for more than 6 months were included. Results In total, 664 patients were included, with 120 (18.63%) categorised as SRs and 82 (12.73%) as SNRs. Compared to SNRs, SRs were mostly female, had lower body weight and BMI, and were less likely to have received previous systemic treatment. Lower weight and BMI and the absence of previous treatment may serve as predictors of SRs. Compared to controls, the SNRs had higher body weight and BMI, longer disease duration, were more likely to have received previous systemic treatment, and had a greater number of comorbidities. Higher BMI, longer disease duration, the presence of previous treatment, and abnormal C-reactive protein (CRP) value serve as predictors of SNRs. Limitations Single-centre study has a relatively small size. Conclusion Lower BMI and the absence of previous treatment may serve as predictors of SRs. In contrast, higher BMI, longer disease duration, the presence of previous treatment, and abnormal CRP value may serve as predictors of SNRs.

Background Pigmentation significantly impacts the diagnosis and management of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). Although the dermoscopic-histopathologic correlations in BCCs have been studied, the relationship between quantitative pigment content has not been quantitatively assessed. Aim To quantify the correlation of pigment content between dermoscopy and histopathology in BCCs and to explore the relationship between dermoscopic features and clinical characteristics. Methods We retrospectively analysed clinical/dermoscopic/histopathologic images from 90 histopathologically confirmed BCCs. Pigment content was graded as: non-pigmented (0%), light (<30%), moderate (30-70%), and heavy (>70%) by visual assessment of the lesion involvement. Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess pigment content correlation, and Fisher's exact test was used to evaluate associations between dermoscopic and clinical characteristics. Results A moderate correlation (Spearman's r = 0.5028, p < 0.05) was observed between dermoscopic and histopathological pigment content. Dermoscopic features, including leaf-like areas, spoke-wheel-like structures, and ulceration, were associated with tumour location. Large blue-grey ovoid nests and leaf-like areas were associated with sex, while dotted vessels and leaf-like areas were associated with a disease course <24 months. Limitations The study was constrained by a small sample size and geographic homogeneity, primarily including Asian individuals from a high-BCC-prevalence region. Conclusion Quantitative correlation analysis confirms that dermoscopic pigmentation reflects both melanin density and architectural tumour aggregation, enabling non-invasive assessment of BCC biology.