Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.2174/0115733947286944240223101937
Sankar Jyoti Bora, D. J. Deka, Chinmoy Malakar, Nancy Kashyap, Bhrigu Kumar Das
Breast cancer incidence and mortality rates are rising worldwide, which presents a formidable challenge for women. The advancement of targeted drug therapies offers promising avenues for treatment, but resource constraints prevent their widespread implementation in advanced clinical trials, highlighting the need for sustained research funding. Nutritional support is critical in cancer management, affecting key cancer hallmarks. The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise and a healthy diet are critical in reducing cancer incidence and tumor growth. A comprehensive approach to breast cancer treatment requires addressing health challenges and psychological symptoms. In this context, we aim to address modifiable risk factors, including nutrition, physical activity, and psychosocial factors, which can serve as non-pharmacological adjuncts in reducing breast cancer risk, incidence, and mortality. This study conducted a thorough literature search on breast cancer, nutrition, physical activity, psychosocial problems, clinical trial/study, mechanisms, in-vitro and in-vivo. The search was performed using multiple search engines and the main keywords, and only English publications until August 2023 were included. Nutrition plays a critical role in influencing breast cancer risk, but its exact role needs to be explored. Diet diversity and exercise are recommended to reduce risk, while psychosocial support is vital for patient well-being. In light of rising global breast cancer challenges, our study underscores the urgent need for enhanced clinical trial availability, exploration of nutrition-cancer links, and refined psychosocial interventions to comprehensively address prevention and treatment.
{"title":"Breast Cancer Management: The Role of Nutrition, Exercise and Psychosocial Well-being","authors":"Sankar Jyoti Bora, D. J. Deka, Chinmoy Malakar, Nancy Kashyap, Bhrigu Kumar Das","doi":"10.2174/0115733947286944240223101937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947286944240223101937","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Breast cancer incidence and mortality rates are rising worldwide, which presents\u0000a formidable challenge for women. The advancement of targeted drug therapies offers promising\u0000avenues for treatment, but resource constraints prevent their widespread implementation in advanced\u0000clinical trials, highlighting the need for sustained research funding. Nutritional support is critical\u0000in cancer management, affecting key cancer hallmarks. The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise\u0000and a healthy diet are critical in reducing cancer incidence and tumor growth. A comprehensive approach\u0000to breast cancer treatment requires addressing health challenges and psychological symptoms.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this context, we aim to address modifiable risk factors, including nutrition, physical\u0000activity, and psychosocial factors, which can serve as non-pharmacological adjuncts in reducing\u0000breast cancer risk, incidence, and mortality.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study conducted a thorough literature search on breast cancer, nutrition, physical activity,\u0000psychosocial problems, clinical trial/study, mechanisms, in-vitro and in-vivo. The search was\u0000performed using multiple search engines and the main keywords, and only English publications until\u0000August 2023 were included.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Nutrition plays a critical role in influencing breast cancer risk, but its exact role needs to be\u0000explored. Diet diversity and exercise are recommended to reduce risk, while psychosocial support is\u0000vital for patient well-being.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In light of rising global breast cancer challenges, our study underscores the urgent need\u0000for enhanced clinical trial availability, exploration of nutrition-cancer links, and refined psychosocial\u0000interventions to comprehensively address prevention and treatment.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"134 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140251445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have revolutionized various industries, including cancer research and drug discovery. This article provides a summary of the history of AI and ML, highlighting their resurgence in the 1990s with advancements in computational power and new algorithms. In the context of drug discovery, AI and ML techniques have been applied to accelerate the development of new drugs, from target identification and lead generation to drug repurposing. AI applications in drug design and virtual screening have improved the efficiency of identifying potential drug candidates. Deep learning, a division of ML, has been particularly effective in predicting protein structures and optimizing lead compounds. In anti-cancer drug target prediction, AI and ML algorithms analyze large-scale genomic, proteomic, and clinical data to identify potential targets for cancer therapy. AI has also transformed cancer imaging and diagnosis by enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of cancer detection, classification, and prognosis. Medical imaging analysis, pathology, and radiology have benefited from AI algorithms’ ability to interpret and analyze various imaging modalities. Moreover, AI applications in cancer treatment have facilitated the development of predictive models for treatment response, enabling personalized and targeted therapies based on individual patient characteristics. The purpose of the study was to give facts regarding the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning in drug discovery and cancer therapy and its significant prospects for improving efficiency, decreasing costs, and improving patient outcomes.
人工智能（AI）和机器学习（ML）给各行各业带来了革命性的变化，包括癌症研究和药物发现。本文概述了人工智能和机器学习的历史，重点介绍了它们在 20 世纪 90 年代随着计算能力和新算法的进步而重新崛起。在药物发现方面，人工智能和 ML 技术已被应用于加速新药开发，从靶点识别、先导物生成到药物再利用。人工智能在药物设计和虚拟筛选方面的应用提高了识别潜在候选药物的效率。深度学习作为 ML 的一个分支，在预测蛋白质结构和优化先导化合物方面尤为有效。在抗癌药物靶点预测方面，人工智能和 ML 算法对大规模基因组、蛋白质组和临床数据进行分析，以确定潜在的癌症治疗靶点。通过提高癌症检测、分类和预后的准确性和效率，人工智能还改变了癌症成像和诊断。医学成像分析、病理学和放射学已受益于人工智能算法解释和分析各种成像模式的能力。此外，人工智能在癌症治疗中的应用也促进了治疗反应预测模型的开发，使基于患者个体特征的个性化靶向治疗成为可能。本研究旨在介绍人工智能和机器学习在药物发现和癌症治疗中的整合情况，以及其在提高效率、降低成本和改善患者预后方面的重要前景。
{"title":"Revolutionizing Cancer Research and Drug Discovery: The Role of Artificial\u0000Intelligence and Machine Learning","authors":"Ajita Paliwal, Md Aftab Alam, Preeti Sharma, Smita Jain, Shivang Dhoundiyal","doi":"10.2174/0115733947288355240305080236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947288355240305080236","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have revolutionized various industries, including cancer research and drug discovery. This article provides a summary of the history of\u0000AI and ML, highlighting their resurgence in the 1990s with advancements in computational power\u0000and new algorithms. In the context of drug discovery, AI and ML techniques have been applied to\u0000accelerate the development of new drugs, from target identification and lead generation to drug repurposing. AI applications in drug design and virtual screening have improved the efficiency of identifying potential drug candidates. Deep learning, a division of ML, has been particularly effective in\u0000predicting protein structures and optimizing lead compounds. In anti-cancer drug target prediction, AI\u0000and ML algorithms analyze large-scale genomic, proteomic, and clinical data to identify potential\u0000targets for cancer therapy. AI has also transformed cancer imaging and diagnosis by enhancing the\u0000accuracy and efficiency of cancer detection, classification, and prognosis. Medical imaging analysis,\u0000pathology, and radiology have benefited from AI algorithms’ ability to interpret and analyze various\u0000imaging modalities. Moreover, AI applications in cancer treatment have facilitated the development\u0000of predictive models for treatment response, enabling personalized and targeted therapies based on\u0000individual patient characteristics. The purpose of the study was to give facts regarding the integration\u0000of artificial intelligence and machine learning in drug discovery and cancer therapy and its significant\u0000prospects for improving efficiency, decreasing costs, and improving patient outcomes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"16 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140252797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.2174/0115733947293886240215171654
Nishi Shukla, S. Usmani, Sahabjada Siddiqui, Om Prakash, S. Wahab, Shabana Khatoon
New therapies for life-threatening ailments like breast carcinoma are urgently required to relieve the ever-increasing burden of the mortality associated with it. The very specific feature associated with life-giving natural products is their lesser toxicity concerning existing strategies viz chemotherapy or adjuvant modalities. In our review, we have tried to compile the existing data on exploring herbal extracts and bio-actives through various in vitro and in vivo techniques. An attempt has been made to accumulate data for a scrupulous literature review retrieved via pertinent keywords in authentic records. Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct. The major keywords included herbal extract, in vitro, anticancer, and metastasis. A comprehensive exploration unveiled an imperative role against malignancies of various tissues, but we focussed on breast cancer cell lines. Still, extensive reports on herbal alternatives and their bio-active mechanism are highly implicated in tapping their potential as standardized regimens. Scientific evidence, correlations, and proper safety data may substantiate interventions in cancer therapy.
{"title":"An Insight into Herbal Interventions for Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive\u0000Review","authors":"Nishi Shukla, S. Usmani, Sahabjada Siddiqui, Om Prakash, S. Wahab, Shabana Khatoon","doi":"10.2174/0115733947293886240215171654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947293886240215171654","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000New therapies for life-threatening ailments like breast carcinoma are urgently required to\u0000relieve the ever-increasing burden of the mortality associated with it. The very specific feature associated\u0000with life-giving natural products is their lesser toxicity concerning existing strategies viz\u0000chemotherapy or adjuvant modalities. In our review, we have tried to compile the existing data on\u0000exploring herbal extracts and bio-actives through various in vitro and in vivo techniques. An attempt\u0000has been made to accumulate data for a scrupulous literature review retrieved via pertinent keywords\u0000in authentic records. Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct. The major keywords included\u0000herbal extract, in vitro, anticancer, and metastasis. A comprehensive exploration unveiled an imperative\u0000role against malignancies of various tissues, but we focussed on breast cancer cell lines. Still,\u0000extensive reports on herbal alternatives and their bio-active mechanism are highly implicated in tapping\u0000their potential as standardized regimens. Scientific evidence, correlations, and proper safety data\u0000may substantiate interventions in cancer therapy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"293 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140421586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.2174/0115733947289705240206074048
Asma Khurshid, Rabbia Hussain, Rimsha Farooq
Cancer is one of the main causes of mortality that affects a large propotion of population worldwide each year. Traditional and synthetic medications are less successful in cancer treatment. The deleterious effects of synthetic compounds divert our attention toward the utilization of naturally derived compounds in current clinical research. The impact of biodiversity on population development and livelihood represents a wider area of interest that still heavily relies on natural medicines against the cure of various ailments. Since ancient times, people have been using natural plants because of their accessibility and economical affordability as a safe therapeutic alternative to traditional synthetic drugs. Currently, plants are used because of their remarkable properties in the form of staple drugs. These plants gain huge attention as a safe treatment option with anti-tumor, chemo-protective and anti-proliferative properties than conventional harmful therapeutics. The secondary metabolites extracted from medicinal plants lead to the production of innovative therapeutic strategies against cancer and other diseases. Targeted delivery of pharmaceuticals agents, through chemical and conventional methods is a significant challenge. The discovery of nano-vectors provides a solution to this issue with the innovation of plant-based nanoparticles have been manufactured using an ecologically sound method. Based on the highlights provided, the current review provides updated knowledge on diverse aspects of medicinal plants including challenges, significance and their role as a potential therapeutic agent against the treatment of various diseases, especially cancers. This subsequent review entails and clarifies the benefits of phytochemicals extracted from Asian medicinal plants due to their imperative values in cancer treatment and other pharmacological targets. The recent discoveries and findings linked to the understanding of medicinal drugs with significance on wide range of phytochemical constituents or secondary metabolites are a current attempt to update our knowledge towards the progress of natural therapeutics novel strategies.
{"title":"Unlocking the Therapeutic Potentiality of Natural Products in Cancer Therapy: A Recent Update and Current Prospects","authors":"Asma Khurshid, Rabbia Hussain, Rimsha Farooq","doi":"10.2174/0115733947289705240206074048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947289705240206074048","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Cancer is one of the main causes of mortality that affects a large propotion of population\u0000worldwide each year. Traditional and synthetic medications are less successful in cancer treatment.\u0000The deleterious effects of synthetic compounds divert our attention toward the utilization of naturally\u0000derived compounds in current clinical research. The impact of biodiversity on population development\u0000and livelihood represents a wider area of interest that still heavily relies on natural medicines\u0000against the cure of various ailments. Since ancient times, people have been using natural plants because\u0000of their accessibility and economical affordability as a safe therapeutic alternative to traditional\u0000synthetic drugs. Currently, plants are used because of their remarkable properties in the form of staple\u0000drugs. These plants gain huge attention as a safe treatment option with anti-tumor, chemo-protective\u0000and anti-proliferative properties than conventional harmful therapeutics. The secondary metabolites\u0000extracted from medicinal plants lead to the production of innovative therapeutic strategies against\u0000cancer and other diseases. Targeted delivery of pharmaceuticals agents, through chemical and conventional\u0000methods is a significant challenge. The discovery of nano-vectors provides a solution to this\u0000issue with the innovation of plant-based nanoparticles have been manufactured using an ecologically\u0000sound method. Based on the highlights provided, the current review provides updated knowledge on\u0000diverse aspects of medicinal plants including challenges, significance and their role as a potential\u0000therapeutic agent against the treatment of various diseases, especially cancers. This subsequent review\u0000entails and clarifies the benefits of phytochemicals extracted from Asian medicinal plants due to\u0000their imperative values in cancer treatment and other pharmacological targets. The recent discoveries\u0000and findings linked to the understanding of medicinal drugs with significance on wide range of phytochemical\u0000constituents or secondary metabolites are a current attempt to update our knowledge towards\u0000the progress of natural therapeutics novel strategies.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140421701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-23DOI: 10.2174/0115733947283731240215102133
Naina Kumar, S. Palo, Aadil Sinha, M. Mangla
Worldwide, breast and endometrial carcinomas are the two most common cancers of women, but their coexistence in a woman <40 years of age is a rare event. The risk of developing a new second primary cancer is higher in cancer survivors compared to those without a history of cancer. The exact pathogenesis of two different primary malignancies is not clear. Still, the coexistence of breast and endometrial carcinoma may be due to germline mutations of p53, BRCA 1, and BRCA 2 genes, environmental, hereditary, and immune-mediated factors. The present case report briefs the finding of a 37-year-old woman who presented to the Gynecological outpatient department with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding and a solid irregular lump in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast and the right axilla. She had a history of modified radical mastectomy for left breast ductal carcinoma five years back. She was diagnosed as a case of metachronous endometrial carcinoma (stage IA) with a recurrence of invasive ductal carcinoma in the right breast with metastasis to the right axillary lymph node. The metachronous development of breast and endometrial carcinoma in young women is relatively rare. In young patients <40 years of age with gynecological or breast carcinoma, a thorough work-up, including genetic testing and follow-up, should be done for early diagnosis of metachronous or synchronous primary malignancies of other organs.
{"title":"Uncommon Metachronicity: Breast and Endometrial Carcinomas in a Young Woman with No Familial Cancer History - A Case Report","authors":"Naina Kumar, S. Palo, Aadil Sinha, M. Mangla","doi":"10.2174/0115733947283731240215102133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947283731240215102133","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Worldwide, breast and endometrial carcinomas are the two most common\u0000cancers of women, but their coexistence in a woman <40 years of age is a rare event. The risk of developing\u0000a new second primary cancer is higher in cancer survivors compared to those without a history\u0000of cancer. The exact pathogenesis of two different primary malignancies is not clear. Still, the\u0000coexistence of breast and endometrial carcinoma may be due to germline mutations of p53, BRCA 1,\u0000and BRCA 2 genes, environmental, hereditary, and immune-mediated factors.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present case report briefs the finding of a 37-year-old woman who presented\u0000to the Gynecological outpatient department with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding and a solid\u0000irregular lump in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast and the right axilla. She had a history of\u0000modified radical mastectomy for left breast ductal carcinoma five years back. She was diagnosed as a\u0000case of metachronous endometrial carcinoma (stage IA) with a recurrence of invasive ductal carcinoma\u0000in the right breast with metastasis to the right axillary lymph node.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The metachronous development of breast and endometrial carcinoma in young women\u0000is relatively rare. In young patients <40 years of age with gynecological or breast carcinoma, a thorough\u0000work-up, including genetic testing and follow-up, should be done for early diagnosis of metachronous\u0000or synchronous primary malignancies of other organs.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"52 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140437365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.2174/0115733947282469240212075845
Shashi Prabha, Pritish Kumar Panda, Sumita Singh, B. Ahmed
One common cancer among women is breast cancer. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery have historically been used as breast cancer treatments. Thanks to recent technological advancements, we have been able to progressively comprehend the complexity and heterogeneity of diseases, which has led to the development of more effective treatments for many conditions. Working with variably shaped nanoparticles, nanotechnology has recently enabled us to work on tumor targeting and drug delivery, and it has undoubtedly helped to reduce the spread and death of breast cancer. The efficacy of treatment for breast cancer can be increased by a variety of target therapies made possible by nanotechnology. The current review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of nanotechnology-based therapy for breast cancer while also highlighting the disease's current state. The article will provide an overview of the current strategy available for better treatment of breast cancer and aid in understanding the various drug delivery systems designed to provide effective treatment for the disease. By utilizing cutting-edge technologies and early screening, breast cancer fatalities can be decreased. Drug delivery methods based on nano carriers enable medication to reach the target site at the ideal concentration with the least amount of harmful side effects.
{"title":"Nanotechnology-based Approaches for Breast Cancer","authors":"Shashi Prabha, Pritish Kumar Panda, Sumita Singh, B. Ahmed","doi":"10.2174/0115733947282469240212075845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947282469240212075845","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000One common cancer among women is breast cancer. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and\u0000surgery have historically been used as breast cancer treatments. Thanks to recent technological advancements,\u0000we have been able to progressively comprehend the complexity and heterogeneity of\u0000diseases, which has led to the development of more effective treatments for many conditions. Working\u0000with variably shaped nanoparticles, nanotechnology has recently enabled us to work on tumor\u0000targeting and drug delivery, and it has undoubtedly helped to reduce the spread and death of breast\u0000cancer. The efficacy of treatment for breast cancer can be increased by a variety of target therapies\u0000made possible by nanotechnology. The current review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of\u0000nanotechnology-based therapy for breast cancer while also highlighting the disease's current state.\u0000The article will provide an overview of the current strategy available for better treatment of breast\u0000cancer and aid in understanding the various drug delivery systems designed to provide effective\u0000treatment for the disease. By utilizing cutting-edge technologies and early screening, breast cancer\u0000fatalities can be decreased. Drug delivery methods based on nano carriers enable medication to reach\u0000the target site at the ideal concentration with the least amount of harmful side effects.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"25 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-19DOI: 10.2174/0115733947276538240129053601
Rahini Rajendran, Jayanthi Mathaiyan
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a ubiquitous form of lung cancer. Most patients already have metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are widely used to treat the early stages of NSCLC, but cancer relapses are common, and the mortality rate is also high. Hence, there is a definite need for newer and advanced therapies to control the recurrence and metastasis of NSCLC. Many clinical trials are underway, which could improve the current treatment options. Targeted therapy and immunotherapies are increasingly developing to expand the overall survival rate of NSCLC patients. Yet, the continuous mutation in the tumor site, drug resistance, adverse effects, and tumor recurrence pose several challenges to the efficacy of the treatment. Many drugs in phase I and II clinical trials prove significant effectiveness against NSCLC mutations. Combination therapy has shown enhanced progression-free and overall survival rates when compared to monotherapy. Recently, FDA-approved genetically engineered patients’ immune cells and chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) improved T-cells for the treatment of malignancies. This review emphasizes the recent development in the treatment regimen and strategy used for improving the outcomes of NSCLC.
{"title":"An Update on the Treatment Strategy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A\u0000Current Scenario and Future Perspective","authors":"Rahini Rajendran, Jayanthi Mathaiyan","doi":"10.2174/0115733947276538240129053601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947276538240129053601","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a ubiquitous form of lung cancer. Most patients\u0000already have metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are widely used to\u0000treat the early stages of NSCLC, but cancer relapses are common, and the mortality rate is also high.\u0000Hence, there is a definite need for newer and advanced therapies to control the recurrence and metastasis\u0000of NSCLC. Many clinical trials are underway, which could improve the current treatment options.\u0000Targeted therapy and immunotherapies are increasingly developing to expand the overall survival\u0000rate of NSCLC patients. Yet, the continuous mutation in the tumor site, drug resistance, adverse\u0000effects, and tumor recurrence pose several challenges to the efficacy of the treatment. Many drugs in\u0000phase I and II clinical trials prove significant effectiveness against NSCLC mutations. Combination\u0000therapy has shown enhanced progression-free and overall survival rates when compared to monotherapy.\u0000Recently, FDA-approved genetically engineered patients’ immune cells and chimeric antigen\u0000receptors (CAR) improved T-cells for the treatment of malignancies. This review emphasizes the recent\u0000development in the treatment regimen and strategy used for improving the outcomes of NSCLC.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"51 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140449639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polymers are the mainstay of drug delivery systems. They may be natural, semisynthetic, or synthetic and used to program the release of drugs as per requirement. They are used to enhance the bioavailability and hence solubility, stability, and site specificity, or to release to drug either in a controlled, pulsatile, sustained, immediate release pattern. In the present review, we have discussed the recent prose and patents of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and PLGA applicability in preparing formulations against cancer. Synthetic polymer, PLGA comprises monomers of glycolide and lactide available in various grades with varying physicochemical properties thus serving the formulators to fabricate preparations having designed release patterns. In this review, current literature and patents of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); PLGA using anticancer preparations have been covered. PLGA has demonstrated its potential as a polymer to program the release of drugs as a coating polymer and the development of a matrix in various drug delivery systems. It can augment the bioavailability of the drug reducing the toxicity/side effects and delivering the drug at the target site. The potential of PLGA to transfer the drug may unclutter novel ways for therapeutic interventions in various tumors.
{"title":"PLGA, a Hauler for Anticancer Drugs: Review","authors":"Anubhav Garg, Komal, Parul Gupta, Sachin, Shubham Sharma, Shubham Kumar, Sushil Kumar, Urvashi, Rupinder Kaur, P. Kriplani, Kumar Guarve","doi":"10.2174/0115733947284281240129065536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947284281240129065536","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Polymers are the mainstay of drug delivery systems. They may be natural, semisynthetic,\u0000or synthetic and used to program the release of drugs as per requirement. They are used to enhance\u0000the bioavailability and hence solubility, stability, and site specificity, or to release to drug either in a\u0000controlled, pulsatile, sustained, immediate release pattern. In the present review, we have discussed\u0000the recent prose and patents of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and PLGA applicability in preparing\u0000formulations against cancer. Synthetic polymer, PLGA comprises monomers of glycolide and lactide\u0000available in various grades with varying physicochemical properties thus serving the formulators to\u0000fabricate preparations having designed release patterns. In this review, current literature and patents\u0000of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); PLGA using anticancer preparations have been covered. PLGA has\u0000demonstrated its potential as a polymer to program the release of drugs as a coating polymer and the\u0000development of a matrix in various drug delivery systems. It can augment the bioavailability of the\u0000drug reducing the toxicity/side effects and delivering the drug at the target site. The potential of\u0000PLGA to transfer the drug may unclutter novel ways for therapeutic interventions in various tumors.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"14 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140450616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.2174/0115733947289878240126111236
Kavita Sangwan, Parveen Kumar Goyal
Flavonoids, one of the major bioactive constituents of herbal drugs, have been scientifically reported to possess diverse therapeutic potentials such as anticancer, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antioxidant, etc. This manuscript enlightens the anticancer potential of traditional herbal flavonoids in gynecological cancer i.e., is one of the major life-threats in women. This manuscript is aimed at an insightful compilation of scientific substantiations of herbal flavonoids in gynecological cancer along with targeted drug delivery systems for the same. The contents and data represented in the article have been reviewed using institutional libraries and online database resources (available in the public domain) such as PubMed, Science-Direct, Web of Science, American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, Google Scholar, Hinari, SciFinder, Research Gate, etc. Flavonoids are natural compounds and have potential against cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancer. In-vitro and in-vivo experiments have demonstrated the significant potential of flavonoids in gynecological cancer, especially cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancer. It was reported from in-vitro experimentations that targeted drug delivery system improves the anticancer effect of flavonoids. Phytoflavonoids have the potential to prevent gynecological cancer by induction of apoptosis cell cycle arrest and reactive oxygen species generation. Further studies on the drug delivery system of flavonoids are warranted.
据科学报道，黄酮类化合物是中草药的主要生物活性成分之一，具有抗癌、免疫调节、神经保护、心脏保护、抗氧化等多种治疗潜力。本手稿揭示了传统草药黄酮类化合物在妇科癌症中的抗癌潜力、本手稿旨在深入汇编草本黄酮类化合物在妇科癌症中的科学证据，以及针对妇科癌症的靶向给药系统。文章中的内容和数据已通过机构图书馆和在线数据库资源（可在公共领域获取）进行了审查，如 PubMed、Science-Direct、Web of Science、美国医药科学家协会、Google Scholar、Hinari、SciFinder、Research Gate 等。体外和体内实验证明，黄酮类化合物对妇科癌症，尤其是宫颈癌、卵巢癌和子宫内膜癌具有显著的抗癌潜力。据体外实验报告，靶向给药系统提高了黄酮类化合物的抗癌效果。植物黄酮类化合物可通过诱导细胞凋亡、细胞周期停滞和活性氧生成来预防妇科癌症。关于类黄酮的给药系统还有待进一步研究。
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