Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.2174/0115733947290954240402060311
Md Moidul Islam, Sarjana Raikwar
Immunotherapy is a promising addition to the cancer treatment arsenal, with the potential to be an effective adjuvant therapy. In the ever-changing landscape of cancer care, it appears as a potential fourth pillar, supplementing surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. The key to effective immunotherapy is cautious patient selection, which is based on a thorough study of the unique immune makeup of each patient. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles of tumor immunity and immunotherapy, with a specific focus on oral squamous cell carcinoma. The review involved a thorough investigation of scientific databases and relevant publications, including studies conducted up to the present date obtained from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar Key. The selected studies underwent careful evaluation for methodological rigor and the significance of their findings. Checkpoint inhibitors, targeted monoclonal antibodies, adoptive cell transfer, cancer vaccines, biomarkers and prediction tools, and cytokine immunotherapy are all promising treatments for oral cancer. In recent decades, there has been a substantial increase in interest and study in cancer immunotherapy, indicating a turning point in our approach to cancer treatment. While significant progress has been made, major hurdles remain across a range of cancers.
免疫疗法是癌症治疗武器库中一个前景广阔的新成员，有可能成为一种有效的辅助疗法。在瞬息万变的癌症治疗领域，免疫疗法有望成为补充手术、化疗和放疗的第四大支柱。这篇综述文章旨在提供对肿瘤免疫和免疫疗法基本原理的全面理解，特别关注口腔鳞状细胞癌。综述涉及对科学数据库和相关出版物的全面调查，包括从 PubMed、Science Direct 和 Google Scholar Key 获取的截至目前进行的研究。检查点抑制剂、靶向单克隆抗体、收养性细胞转移、癌症疫苗、生物标记物和预测工具以及细胞因子免疫疗法都是治疗口腔癌的有前途的方法。近几十年来，人们对癌症免疫疗法的兴趣和研究大幅增加，这表明我们的癌症治疗方法到了一个转折点。虽然已经取得了重大进展，但在一系列癌症中仍存在重大障碍。
{"title":"Revolutionizing Oral Cancer Treatment: Immunotherapeutic Approaches","authors":"Md Moidul Islam, Sarjana Raikwar","doi":"10.2174/0115733947290954240402060311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947290954240402060311","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Immunotherapy is a promising addition to the cancer treatment arsenal, with\u0000the potential to be an effective adjuvant therapy. In the ever-changing landscape of cancer care, it\u0000appears as a potential fourth pillar, supplementing surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. The key to\u0000effective immunotherapy is cautious patient selection, which is based on a thorough study of the\u0000unique immune makeup of each patient.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This review article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles\u0000of tumor immunity and immunotherapy, with a specific focus on oral squamous cell carcinoma.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The review involved a thorough investigation of scientific databases and relevant publications,\u0000including studies conducted up to the present date obtained from PubMed, Science Direct, and\u0000Google Scholar Key. The selected studies underwent careful evaluation for methodological rigor and\u0000the significance of their findings.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Checkpoint inhibitors, targeted monoclonal antibodies, adoptive cell transfer, cancer vaccines,\u0000biomarkers and prediction tools, and cytokine immunotherapy are all promising treatments for\u0000oral cancer.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In recent decades, there has been a substantial increase in interest and study in cancer\u0000immunotherapy, indicating a turning point in our approach to cancer treatment. While significant\u0000progress has been made, major hurdles remain across a range of cancers.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":" 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140687558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.2174/0115733947288059240405041146
Rishav Sharma, R. Malviya, Prerna Uniyal
Since breast cancer affects one in every four women, it is of the utmost need to investigate novel diagnostic technologies and treatment techniques. This requires the development of diagnostic techniques to simplify the identification of cancer cells, which helps monitor the success of cancer therapy. One of the most significant obstacles that chemotherapy must overcome is the absence of technologies that can measure its effectiveness while it is being administered. Additionally, due to its steadily expanding prevalence and mortality rate, cancer has surpassed AIDS as the world's secondlargest killer. Breast cancer accounts for a disproportionately high number of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide, making precise, sensitive imaging a necessity for this disease. When breast cancer is diagnosed early it can be treated successfully. As an alternate strategy, the use of cutting- edge computational methodologies has been advocated for creating innovative breast cancer diagnostic imaging techniques. The following article provides an overview of the traditional diagnostic procedures that have historically been employed for the detection of breast carcinoma, as well as the current methods that are being utilized. Furthermore, the investigators provided a comprehensive overview of various mathematical frameworks, including Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Artificial Neural Networks, and Robotics, highlighting their progress and potential applications in the field of breast cancer diagnostic imaging.
{"title":"Breast Cancer Diagnosis Using Computational Model: Recent Advancement","authors":"Rishav Sharma, R. Malviya, Prerna Uniyal","doi":"10.2174/0115733947288059240405041146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947288059240405041146","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Since breast cancer affects one in every four women, it is of the utmost need to investigate\u0000novel diagnostic technologies and treatment techniques. This requires the development of diagnostic\u0000techniques to simplify the identification of cancer cells, which helps monitor the success of cancer\u0000therapy. One of the most significant obstacles that chemotherapy must overcome is the absence of\u0000technologies that can measure its effectiveness while it is being administered. Additionally, due to its\u0000steadily expanding prevalence and mortality rate, cancer has surpassed AIDS as the world's secondlargest\u0000killer. Breast cancer accounts for a disproportionately high number of cancer-related deaths\u0000among women worldwide, making precise, sensitive imaging a necessity for this disease. When\u0000breast cancer is diagnosed early it can be treated successfully. As an alternate strategy, the use of cutting-\u0000edge computational methodologies has been advocated for creating innovative breast cancer diagnostic\u0000imaging techniques. The following article provides an overview of the traditional diagnostic\u0000procedures that have historically been employed for the detection of breast carcinoma, as well as the\u0000current methods that are being utilized. Furthermore, the investigators provided a comprehensive\u0000overview of various mathematical frameworks, including Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Artificial\u0000Neural Networks, and Robotics, highlighting their progress and potential applications in the field\u0000of breast cancer diagnostic imaging.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"159 8‐10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140698563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.2174/0115733947301362240330090709
Shikha Sharma, Anurag Agrawal, Anuj Kumar Singh, B. Banik
Since the beginning of the 21st century, there have been significant advancements in the field of cancer treatment, resulting in markedly improved outcomes for patients. This review provides an updated view of some recently developed and FDA-approved small molecules that have been used to treat various types of cancer on different indications and targets. Some popular search engines, such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, etc., were considered for the literature review, and drugs approved by the FDA from 2019 to 2023 were considered for study in this review. This review focuses on the mechanism of actions and targets via which these FDA-approved small molecules could demonstrate their clinical efficacy. Moreover, this review would pave the way for the scientific community to look into the chemical structures of these small molecules to discover more small synthetic compounds after modification based on structural activity that might be useful in treating various types of cancer. However, much attention is being paid to how new therapies and tools will change how cancer is treated in the coming years. This review indicated the increased rate of approvals by the FDA for oncology treatment during 2019-2023. This surge is primarily driven by the approval of targeted therapies and the introduction of novel therapeutic approaches.
进入 21 世纪以来，癌症治疗领域取得了重大进展，患者的治疗效果明显改善。本综述介绍了最近开发并获得 FDA 批准的一些小分子药物，这些药物已被用于治疗不同类型癌症的不同适应症和靶点。文献综述考虑了一些流行的搜索引擎，如Pubmed、Google Scholar等，并将FDA在2019年至2023年批准的药物作为本综述的研究对象。本综述的重点是这些经 FDA 批准的小分子药物的作用机制和靶点，通过这些作用机制和靶点，这些药物可以展示其临床疗效。此外，本综述还将为科学界研究这些小分子化合物的化学结构铺平道路，以便根据结构活性进行修饰后发现更多可能有助于治疗各类癌症的小合成化合物。本综述指出，2019-2023 年期间，美国食品及药物管理局批准的肿瘤治疗药物数量将有所增加。这种激增主要是由靶向疗法的批准和新型治疗方法的引入所推动的。
{"title":"Clinical Efficacy and Mechanism of Action of Recently FDA Approved\u0000Anticancer Drugs: An Updated Review","authors":"Shikha Sharma, Anurag Agrawal, Anuj Kumar Singh, B. Banik","doi":"10.2174/0115733947301362240330090709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947301362240330090709","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Since the beginning of the 21st century, there have been significant advancements in the\u0000field of cancer treatment, resulting in markedly improved outcomes for patients. This review provides\u0000an updated view of some recently developed and FDA-approved small molecules that have been used\u0000to treat various types of cancer on different indications and targets. Some popular search engines,\u0000such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, etc., were considered for the literature review, and drugs approved\u0000by the FDA from 2019 to 2023 were considered for study in this review. This review focuses on the\u0000mechanism of actions and targets via which these FDA-approved small molecules could demonstrate\u0000their clinical efficacy. Moreover, this review would pave the way for the scientific community to look\u0000into the chemical structures of these small molecules to discover more small synthetic compounds\u0000after modification based on structural activity that might be useful in treating various types of cancer.\u0000However, much attention is being paid to how new therapies and tools will change how cancer is\u0000treated in the coming years. This review indicated the increased rate of approvals by the FDA for oncology\u0000treatment during 2019-2023. This surge is primarily driven by the approval of targeted therapies\u0000and the introduction of novel therapeutic approaches.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"58 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140727558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oral or cervical cancer is caused by the abnormal growth of cells, which in 90% of cases is caused by the human papillomavirus infection. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of cervical cancer and premalignant cases based on the results of Pap smears performed in Jiroft health centers in 2022. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 440 women using a census method, and the demographic information of the people and the results of their Pap smears were recorded using a researcher- made questionnaire. The average age of the investigated women was 37.20 ± 9.09 years, with the highest frequency in the age group of 30 to 40 years (44.7%), and the average number of previous pregnancies was 3.06 ± 2.26 times, with the highest frequency observed in the group 1 to 2 times (50.6%). The average number of abortions was 0.45 ± 0.86, with the highest frequency (70.4%) related to the group that had no history of abortion. Out of 440 people examined, 6 (1.4%) with a 95% confidence interval equal to 0.50-2.94% had abnormal Pap smears. The number of pregnancies and the increase in the number of abortions can be factors influencing the incidence of cervical cancer. By performing a Pap smear screening test with early diagnosis of the disease in the early stages, it is possible to prevent the spread of this disease in the body and the transformation of these cells into cancer.
{"title":"Prevalence of Cervical Cancer and Premalignant Cases Based on Pap Smear Screening in Iran in 2022","authors":"Saeideh Salari, Rasoul Raesi, S. Daneshi, Shohreh Alian Samakkhah, Atefeh Eshaghi","doi":"10.2174/0115733947295059240326055329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947295059240326055329","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Oral or cervical cancer is caused by the abnormal growth of cells, which in\u000090% of cases is caused by the human papillomavirus infection.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of cervical cancer and premalignant\u0000cases based on the results of Pap smears performed in Jiroft health centers in 2022.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This cross-sectional study was conducted on 440 women using a census method, and the\u0000demographic information of the people and the results of their Pap smears were recorded using a researcher-\u0000made questionnaire.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The average age of the investigated women was 37.20 ± 9.09 years, with the highest frequency\u0000in the age group of 30 to 40 years (44.7%), and the average number of previous pregnancies\u0000was 3.06 ± 2.26 times, with the highest frequency observed in the group 1 to 2 times (50.6%). The\u0000average number of abortions was 0.45 ± 0.86, with the highest frequency (70.4%) related to the group\u0000that had no history of abortion. Out of 440 people examined, 6 (1.4%) with a 95% confidence interval\u0000equal to 0.50-2.94% had abnormal Pap smears.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The number of pregnancies and the increase in the number of abortions can be factors\u0000influencing the incidence of cervical cancer. By performing a Pap smear screening test with early\u0000diagnosis of the disease in the early stages, it is possible to prevent the spread of this disease in the\u0000body and the transformation of these cells into cancer.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140740932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.2174/0115733947290474240315062214
Akash Vikal, Rashmi Maurya, Shuvadip Bhowmik, Preeti Patel, Rajveer Singh, Ghanshyam Das Gupta, B. Kurmi
In recent years, the applications of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) technology have revolutionized genetics and molecular biology. It has expanded beyond genetic editing to include innovative cancer treatment and nanotechnology approaches as a ground-breaking genome editing tool. It has emerged as a potent tool in the battle against cancer. By targeting and modifying specific genes associated with tumor development and growth, CRISPR offers a precise means of combating this devastating disease. Researchers are increasingly utilizing CRISPR to enhance cancer therapies, from boosting the efficacy of traditional treatments to developing novel immunotherapies. Simultaneously, nanotechnology, on the other hand, has opened up new avenues in diagnosing and treating cancer. Due to their unique physical properties, nanoparticles can be engineered for targeted drug delivery and imaging and even be used as vehicles for gene-editing tools like CRISPR. These nanoparticles can navigate the intricate biological environment, homing in on cancer cells while minimizing collateral damage to healthy tissue. This precision is essential in reducing side effects and enhancing the therapeutic potential of anticancer agents. In this review, we emphasize the synergistic potential of CRISPR and nanotechnology, particularly in cancer treatment, highlighting their valuable role in advancing immunotherapy approaches. This nanotechnological perspective contributes significantly to the evolving landscape of research in this field
{"title":"Precision Genome Editing: The Synergy of CRISPR and Nanotechnology\u0000in Cancer Treatment","authors":"Akash Vikal, Rashmi Maurya, Shuvadip Bhowmik, Preeti Patel, Rajveer Singh, Ghanshyam Das Gupta, B. Kurmi","doi":"10.2174/0115733947290474240315062214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947290474240315062214","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000In recent years, the applications of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats\u0000(CRISPR) technology have revolutionized genetics and molecular biology. It has expanded beyond\u0000genetic editing to include innovative cancer treatment and nanotechnology approaches as a\u0000ground-breaking genome editing tool. It has emerged as a potent tool in the battle against cancer. By\u0000targeting and modifying specific genes associated with tumor development and growth, CRISPR offers\u0000a precise means of combating this devastating disease. Researchers are increasingly utilizing\u0000CRISPR to enhance cancer therapies, from boosting the efficacy of traditional treatments to developing\u0000novel immunotherapies. Simultaneously, nanotechnology, on the other hand, has opened up new\u0000avenues in diagnosing and treating cancer. Due to their unique physical properties, nanoparticles can\u0000be engineered for targeted drug delivery and imaging and even be used as vehicles for gene-editing\u0000tools like CRISPR. These nanoparticles can navigate the intricate biological environment, homing in\u0000on cancer cells while minimizing collateral damage to healthy tissue. This precision is essential in\u0000reducing side effects and enhancing the therapeutic potential of anticancer agents. In this review, we\u0000emphasize the synergistic potential of CRISPR and nanotechnology, particularly in cancer treatment,\u0000highlighting their valuable role in advancing immunotherapy approaches. This nanotechnological\u0000perspective contributes significantly to the evolving landscape of research in this field\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"110 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140380795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.2174/0115733947283247240314034927
Prasoon Pandey, Ritika Singh, Manoj Kumar Mishra, Rajat Srivastava
Cancer is a highly perilous disease that can be fatal. While chemotherapy has been introduced as a treatment for cancer, it often comes with side effects and toxicities, making it less effective against cancer cells. In recent years, there has been a growing focus on innovative drug delivery systems to enhance the effectiveness and selectivity of chemotherapeutic drugs. In this context, researchers have developed a novel delivery system involving calixarene, which allows for lower drug concentrations and reduces side effects and toxicities. Calixarene and its derivatives are capable of encapsulating anticancer drugs, thereby enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy. This approach improves the bioavailability, stability, solubility, and potency of the drug at its target site. This review provides a summary of recent research in the field of calixarene-based drug delivery systems, aiming to increase the effectiveness of anticancer treatments. It focuses on strategies involving the encapsulation of various anticancer drugs.
{"title":"Calixarene in Chemotherapy Drug Delivery: Its Role and Strategies","authors":"Prasoon Pandey, Ritika Singh, Manoj Kumar Mishra, Rajat Srivastava","doi":"10.2174/0115733947283247240314034927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947283247240314034927","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Cancer is a highly perilous disease that can be fatal. While chemotherapy has been introduced\u0000as a treatment for cancer, it often comes with side effects and toxicities, making it less effective\u0000against cancer cells. In recent years, there has been a growing focus on innovative drug delivery\u0000systems to enhance the effectiveness and selectivity of chemotherapeutic drugs. In this context, researchers\u0000have developed a novel delivery system involving calixarene, which allows for lower drug\u0000concentrations and reduces side effects and toxicities. Calixarene and its derivatives are capable of\u0000encapsulating anticancer drugs, thereby enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy. This approach improves\u0000the bioavailability, stability, solubility, and potency of the drug at its target site. This review\u0000provides a summary of recent research in the field of calixarene-based drug delivery systems, aiming\u0000to increase the effectiveness of anticancer treatments. It focuses on strategies involving the encapsulation\u0000of various anticancer drugs.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"112 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140381641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.2174/0115733947296461240312051407
Arya Moftakhar, S. Khoshnam, D. Dayer, Maryam Farzaneh
Gliomas, a heterogeneous class of brain cancers, pose significant challenges as they are considered incurable. They represent the most recurrent primary intracranial cancer and exhibit distinct clinical and biological characteristics. Traditional treatment options for glioma include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery; however, the emergence of molecular-targeted therapy has provided a new avenue for improved therapeutic responses. One intriguing oncogene type of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in glioma is the HOX Transcript Antisense RNA, commonly referred to as HOTAIR. HOTAIR is characterized by its overexpression in various cancers and is situated in the intergenic region between HOXC12 and HOXC11 of the HOXC cluster on chromosome 12. Its upregulation in glioma has been found to be associated with tumor grade and plays a significant role in disease progression. HOTAIR exerts vital functions in glioma, including promoting angiogenesis, modulating glutamine catabolism, and influencing sensitivity to temozolomide (TMZ), a commonly used chemotherapy drug. Knockdown of HOTAIR has been shown to suppress cell invasion, migration, and proliferation, while inducing apoptosis, ultimately leading to tumor repression. HOTAIR achieves its biological effects, by targeting specific microRNAs (miRNAs). In this review study, we have summarized several signaling pathways that are intricately linked to HOTAIR in the context of glioma. Understanding the mechanisms and interactions involving HOTAIR and these signaling pathways may provide valuable insights for the development of targeted therapies and improved management strategies for glioma. This review provides a summary of the potential roles of HOTAIR in glioma, encompassing its effects in commercial cell lines, patient-derived cell lines, animal studies, and clinical trials.
{"title":"Exploring the Functional Roles of lncRNA-HOTAIR in Glioma: Unraveling its Impact on Tumor Progression","authors":"Arya Moftakhar, S. Khoshnam, D. Dayer, Maryam Farzaneh","doi":"10.2174/0115733947296461240312051407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947296461240312051407","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Gliomas, a heterogeneous class of brain cancers, pose significant challenges as they are\u0000considered incurable. They represent the most recurrent primary intracranial cancer and exhibit distinct\u0000clinical and biological characteristics. Traditional treatment options for glioma include radiotherapy,\u0000chemotherapy, and surgery; however, the emergence of molecular-targeted therapy has provided\u0000a new avenue for improved therapeutic responses. One intriguing oncogene type of long noncoding\u0000RNAs (lncRNAs) in glioma is the HOX Transcript Antisense RNA, commonly referred to as\u0000HOTAIR. HOTAIR is characterized by its overexpression in various cancers and is situated in the\u0000intergenic region between HOXC12 and HOXC11 of the HOXC cluster on chromosome 12. Its upregulation\u0000in glioma has been found to be associated with tumor grade and plays a significant role in\u0000disease progression. HOTAIR exerts vital functions in glioma, including promoting angiogenesis,\u0000modulating glutamine catabolism, and influencing sensitivity to temozolomide (TMZ), a commonly\u0000used chemotherapy drug. Knockdown of HOTAIR has been shown to suppress cell invasion, migration,\u0000and proliferation, while inducing apoptosis, ultimately leading to tumor repression. HOTAIR\u0000achieves its biological effects, by targeting specific microRNAs (miRNAs). In this review study, we\u0000have summarized several signaling pathways that are intricately linked to HOTAIR in the context of\u0000glioma. Understanding the mechanisms and interactions involving HOTAIR and these signaling\u0000pathways may provide valuable insights for the development of targeted therapies and improved\u0000management strategies for glioma. This review provides a summary of the potential roles of HOTAIR\u0000in glioma, encompassing its effects in commercial cell lines, patient-derived cell lines, animal studies,\u0000and clinical trials.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":" 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.2174/0115733947295006240313045718
Pranali Waghode, S. N. K. Rao G, Sanika Deshpande, Roja Rani Budha, R. R. Alavala, Surya Kovvasu
Cancer is still a significant worldwide health issue that requires novel techniques for diagnosis and treatment. The complications associated with cancer are explored in this article, which also introduces the novel concept of biomimetic nanoparticles as potential breakthrough in the fight against the disease. The introduction gives a general review of cancer, explaining its complexity and the underlying mechanisms that give rise to it. Epidemiological findings highlight the impact of cancer on the entire world and the most extensively found cancer driving the demand for innovative therapeutic approaches. A comprehensive review of the various cancer types follows with emphasis on unique traits, diagnostic methods, and treatment modalities, highlighting the variety of difficulties. An achievable path forward for targeted cancer therapy is the emerging science of biomimetic nanoparticles. A thorough review of their many varieties and applications follows their introduction. These nanoparticles’ inventive nature, which was inspired by biological systems, is highlighted by the explanation of how they were synthesized. The focus is on biomimetic nanoparticles based on cancer cell membranes as a novel means of medication administration and targeted therapy. Their use in the treatment of cancer is being investigated, with an emphasis on their potential to improve therapeutic efficacy and lessen side effects. Particularly noteworthy are the in-depth discussions of the unique difficulties encountered in treating lung, breast, prostate, colon, colorectal, ovarian, leukemia, lymphoma, melanoma, pancreatic, bladder, oral, gastric, hepatic, perihilar cholangiocarcinoma, and cervical cancers. The article also mentions the various challenges which may occur during this entire process.
{"title":"Revolutionizing Cancer Treatment: Harnessing Cell-membrane Coated Nanoparticles for Precise Targeting and Therapy","authors":"Pranali Waghode, S. N. K. Rao G, Sanika Deshpande, Roja Rani Budha, R. R. Alavala, Surya Kovvasu","doi":"10.2174/0115733947295006240313045718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947295006240313045718","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Cancer is still a significant worldwide health issue that requires novel techniques for diagnosis\u0000and treatment. The complications associated with cancer are explored in this article, which also\u0000introduces the novel concept of biomimetic nanoparticles as potential breakthrough in the fight\u0000against the disease. The introduction gives a general review of cancer, explaining its complexity and\u0000the underlying mechanisms that give rise to it. Epidemiological findings highlight the impact of cancer\u0000on the entire world and the most extensively found cancer driving the demand for innovative therapeutic\u0000approaches. A comprehensive review of the various cancer types follows with emphasis on\u0000unique traits, diagnostic methods, and treatment modalities, highlighting the variety of difficulties.\u0000An achievable path forward for targeted cancer therapy is the emerging science of biomimetic nanoparticles.\u0000A thorough review of their many varieties and applications follows their introduction. These\u0000nanoparticles’ inventive nature, which was inspired by biological systems, is highlighted by the explanation\u0000of how they were synthesized. The focus is on biomimetic nanoparticles based on cancer cell\u0000membranes as a novel means of medication administration and targeted therapy. Their use in the treatment\u0000of cancer is being investigated, with an emphasis on their potential to improve therapeutic efficacy\u0000and lessen side effects. Particularly noteworthy are the in-depth discussions of the unique difficulties\u0000encountered in treating lung, breast, prostate, colon, colorectal, ovarian, leukemia, lymphoma, melanoma,\u0000pancreatic, bladder, oral, gastric, hepatic, perihilar cholangiocarcinoma, and cervical cancers. The\u0000article also mentions the various challenges which may occur during this entire process.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140389087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.2174/0115733947287709240229104857
Dilpreet Singh, Diksha Sachdeva, Lovedeep Singh
Breast cancer remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating innovative approaches to improve treatment efficacy while minimizing side effects. This review explores the promising advancements in breast cancer drug delivery driven by the transformative potential of bioinformatics and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Bioinformatics plays a pivotal role in unraveling the intricate genomic landscape of breast cancer, enabling the identification of potential drug targets and biomarkers. The integration of multi-omics data facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the disease, guiding personalized treatment strategies. Moreover, bioinformatics-driven approaches aid in biomarker discovery and prediction, offering novel tools for prognosis and treatment response assessment. AI, particularly machine learning and deep learning, has revolutionized breast cancer research. Machine learning models empower accurate diagnosis through image analysis, improve survival prediction, and enhance risk assessment. Deep learning algorithms, such as convolutional neural networks, enable precise tumor detection and classification from medical imaging data, notably mammograms and MRI scans. Additionally, natural language processing techniques facilitate the mining of vast scientific literature, uncovering hidden insights and identifying potential drug targets. Network-based approaches integrated with AI algorithms facilitate the identification of central proteins as promising drug targets within complex biological networks. This review also examines AIoptimized nanoformulations designed to enhance targeted drug delivery. AI-guided design of drugloaded nanoparticles improves drug encapsulation efficiency, release kinetics, and site-specific delivery, offering promising solutions to overcome the challenges of conventional drug delivery.
{"title":"Advancing Breast Cancer Drug Delivery: The Transformative Potential of\u0000Bioinformatics and Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Dilpreet Singh, Diksha Sachdeva, Lovedeep Singh","doi":"10.2174/0115733947287709240229104857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947287709240229104857","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Breast cancer remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating innovative approaches\u0000to improve treatment efficacy while minimizing side effects. This review explores the promising\u0000advancements in breast cancer drug delivery driven by the transformative potential of bioinformatics\u0000and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Bioinformatics plays a pivotal role in unraveling the intricate\u0000genomic landscape of breast cancer, enabling the identification of potential drug targets and biomarkers.\u0000The integration of multi-omics data facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the disease,\u0000guiding personalized treatment strategies. Moreover, bioinformatics-driven approaches aid in\u0000biomarker discovery and prediction, offering novel tools for prognosis and treatment response assessment.\u0000AI, particularly machine learning and deep learning, has revolutionized breast cancer research.\u0000Machine learning models empower accurate diagnosis through image analysis, improve survival\u0000prediction, and enhance risk assessment. Deep learning algorithms, such as convolutional neural\u0000networks, enable precise tumor detection and classification from medical imaging data, notably\u0000mammograms and MRI scans. Additionally, natural language processing techniques facilitate the\u0000mining of vast scientific literature, uncovering hidden insights and identifying potential drug targets.\u0000Network-based approaches integrated with AI algorithms facilitate the identification of central proteins\u0000as promising drug targets within complex biological networks. This review also examines AIoptimized\u0000nanoformulations designed to enhance targeted drug delivery. AI-guided design of drugloaded\u0000nanoparticles improves drug encapsulation efficiency, release kinetics, and site-specific delivery,\u0000offering promising solutions to overcome the challenges of conventional drug delivery.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140245414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-12DOI: 10.2174/0115733947278625240304050815
S. Mehrabadi, Azam Alinaghipour, Ghazaleh Khalili-tanha, Amir Avan
As the third most prevalent cancer, there is no convincing treatment for colorectal cancer. Growth Hormone-releasing Hormone (GHRH) is an important hormone for the growth and maturity of humans and other animals. Also, recent studies show both GHRH and GHRH receptor to be expressed in many types of cancers, such as lung, breast, colon, ovarian, gastric, and pancreatic cancer. GHRH has been shown to augment the growth and proliferation of cancer cells in in vivo and in vitro studies, but studies have shown that its antagonist can inhibit the growth or even metastasis of cancer cells. The development of many classes of GHRH-R antagonists over the past three decades has shown strong in vivo and in vitro growth inhibitory effects on cancer. The present study is an attempt to review the studies on the association between GHRH and colorectal cancer and examine if the hormone can be targeted for therapy or used as a prognostic marker for colorectal cancer or not.
{"title":"Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone as Potential Diagnostic and\u0000Therapeutic Target in Colorectal Cancer","authors":"S. Mehrabadi, Azam Alinaghipour, Ghazaleh Khalili-tanha, Amir Avan","doi":"10.2174/0115733947278625240304050815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947278625240304050815","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000As the third most prevalent cancer, there is no convincing treatment for colorectal cancer.\u0000Growth Hormone-releasing Hormone (GHRH) is an important hormone for the growth and maturity\u0000of humans and other animals. Also, recent studies show both GHRH and GHRH receptor to be expressed\u0000in many types of cancers, such as lung, breast, colon, ovarian, gastric, and pancreatic cancer.\u0000GHRH has been shown to augment the growth and proliferation of cancer cells in in vivo and in vitro\u0000studies, but studies have shown that its antagonist can inhibit the growth or even metastasis of cancer\u0000cells. The development of many classes of GHRH-R antagonists over the past three decades has\u0000shown strong in vivo and in vitro growth inhibitory effects on cancer. The present study is an attempt\u0000to review the studies on the association between GHRH and colorectal cancer and examine if the\u0000hormone can be targeted for therapy or used as a prognostic marker for colorectal cancer or not.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503819,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"41 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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