Julius Jara-Muñoz, Amotz Agnon, Jens Fohlmeister, Sara Tomás, Jürgen Mey, Norbert Frank, Birgit Schröder, Andrea Schröder-Ritzrau, Yannick Garcin, Yaniv Darvasi, Daniel Melnick, Maria Mutti, Manfred R. Strecker
To date, the most complete paleolake-level reconstructions for the late Pleistocene water bodies that once occupied the Dead Sea depression have been based on the combination of dating of lake sediments and terrestrial materials. However, despite these major accomplishments, there is still limited spatial control regarding the water levels, suggesting some degree of uncertainty concerning the magnitude and rate of lake-level changes. Here, we re-examine the late Pleistocene lake-level changes in the Dead Sea during the transition from paleolake Lisan to the present-day Dead Sea. We rely on systematic dating of fossil stromatolites including 84 radiocarbon and 15 U-series ages, stable-isotope measurements, paleobiology, high-resolution topography, and numerical modeling to assess lake-level changes. Our results indicate that the highstand of paleolake Lisan was of shorter duration and the transition between Lake Lisan and the Dead Sea occurred at least 5 Kyrs earlier than previously indicated. By refining the timeline and accuracy of lake-level positions during the transition paleolake Lisan—Dead Sea, our study offers new insights into the regional and local paleo-climatic conditions during the last glacial period in this region.
迄今为止,对曾经占据过死海洼地的晚更新世水体进行的最完整的古湖泊水位重建是基于对湖泊沉积物和陆地材料的测年相结合。然而,尽管取得了这些重大成就,有关水位的空间控制仍然有限,这表明湖泊水位变化的幅度和速度存在一定程度的不确定性。在此,我们重新研究了死海晚更新世从古湖利桑湖向今天的死海过渡期间的湖面变化。我们依靠对化石叠层石的系统测年(包括 84 个放射性碳年龄和 15 个 U 系列年龄)、稳定同位素测量、古生物学、高分辨率地形学和数值建模来评估湖面变化。我们的研究结果表明,古利山湖高地的持续时间较短,利山湖与死海之间的过渡至少比以前所指出的要早 5 个纪元。通过完善古湖里桑-死海过渡期间湖面位置的时间线和准确性,我们的研究为了解该地区末次冰川期的区域和地方古气候条件提供了新的视角。
{"title":"Unveiling the Transition From Paleolake Lisan to Dead Sea Through the Analysis of Lake Paleoshorelines and Radiometric Dating of Fossil Stromatolites","authors":"Julius Jara-Muñoz, Amotz Agnon, Jens Fohlmeister, Sara Tomás, Jürgen Mey, Norbert Frank, Birgit Schröder, Andrea Schröder-Ritzrau, Yannick Garcin, Yaniv Darvasi, Daniel Melnick, Maria Mutti, Manfred R. Strecker","doi":"10.1029/2024GC011541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GC011541","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To date, the most complete paleolake-level reconstructions for the late Pleistocene water bodies that once occupied the Dead Sea depression have been based on the combination of dating of lake sediments and terrestrial materials. However, despite these major accomplishments, there is still limited spatial control regarding the water levels, suggesting some degree of uncertainty concerning the magnitude and rate of lake-level changes. Here, we re-examine the late Pleistocene lake-level changes in the Dead Sea during the transition from paleolake Lisan to the present-day Dead Sea. We rely on systematic dating of fossil stromatolites including 84 radiocarbon and 15 U-series ages, stable-isotope measurements, paleobiology, high-resolution topography, and numerical modeling to assess lake-level changes. Our results indicate that the highstand of paleolake Lisan was of shorter duration and the transition between Lake Lisan and the Dead Sea occurred at least 5 Kyrs earlier than previously indicated. By refining the timeline and accuracy of lake-level positions during the transition paleolake Lisan—Dead Sea, our study offers new insights into the regional and local paleo-climatic conditions during the last glacial period in this region.</p>","PeriodicalId":50422,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GC011541","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141967314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael T. Macnaughtan, Ingo A. Pecher, Lorna J. Strachan, Gareth J. Crutchley
Subduction zones serve as carbon recycling centers, where vast amassments of geologic carbon accrete or subduct through thermogenic gas windows over millions of years. We focus on New Zealand's Chatham Rise, a fossilized accretionary wedge remnant of the ∼400 Myr-active East Gondwanan margin. We undertake an amplitude-variation-with-offset (AVO)-based seismic analysis of the abiogenic Mesozoic sedimentary sequence (MES) and overlying Sequence Y chalk interval, which span the Chatham Rise's northwestern slope. Two-term AVO attribute analysis resulted in the interpretation of distinct AVO Class III–IV reflection anomalies, which demarcate the siliciclastic MES from overlying Sequence Y chalks. Unified through their strong negative intercept amplitudes, Class III anomalies increase in absolute amplitude with angle, while Class IV anomalies decrease in absolute amplitude with angle of incidence. Simultaneous AVO inversion of seismic data highlighted the presence of P-impedance anomalies, which directly underlie the regionally occurring Sequence Y chalk interval. Class III anomalies are modeled and interpreted as the result of a previously undefined coarse-grained lithofacies, bearing low saturations (2%–10%) of free gas. Co-occurring ClassIV AVO anomalies are modeled to provide evidence for a fine-grained upper MES, bearing similarly low saturations of free-gas in pore space. We speculate on the gas' origin, which could be from the Hikurangi subduction margin, in situ ancient microbial activity, or a new undetermined source related to the ancient East Gondwanan subduction margin and accretionary wedge.
俯冲带是碳回收中心,数百万年来,大量的地质碳通过热成岩气体窗口吸积或俯冲到这里。我们的研究重点是新西兰的查塔姆隆起,它是∼400 Myr活动的东冈瓦纳边缘的化石增生楔残留物。我们对横跨查塔姆海隆西北斜坡的非生中生代沉积序列(MES)和上覆序列 Y 白垩层间进行了基于偏移的振幅变化(AVO)地震分析。通过两期反相位属性分析,解释了不同的反相位 III-IV 级反射异常,这些异常将硅质中生代沉积序列与上覆的 Y 白垩系划分开来。III类异常通过其强烈的负截距振幅统一起来,其绝对振幅随角度的变化而增加,而IV类异常的绝对振幅则随入射角度的变化而减小。同时进行的地震数据反演(AVO)突出显示了 P-阻抗异常的存在,该异常直接位于区域性出现的 Y 顺序白垩系区间的下部。III 类异常被建模并解释为以前未定义的粗粒岩性的结果,含有低饱和度(2%-10%)的游离气体。同时出现的 IV 类反渗透异常被建模为细粒度的上部 MES 提供了证据,孔隙中的游离气体饱和度同样很低。我们推测气体的来源可能来自希库兰芝俯冲边缘、原位古微生物活动或与古东贡得瓦纳俯冲边缘和增生楔有关的新的未确定来源。
{"title":"Deep Free-Gas Accumulation Beneath the Chatham Rise, New Zealand—An AVO Study","authors":"Michael T. Macnaughtan, Ingo A. Pecher, Lorna J. Strachan, Gareth J. Crutchley","doi":"10.1029/2023GC011360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GC011360","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Subduction zones serve as carbon recycling centers, where vast amassments of geologic carbon accrete or subduct through thermogenic gas windows over millions of years. We focus on New Zealand's Chatham Rise, a fossilized accretionary wedge remnant of the ∼400 Myr-active East Gondwanan margin. We undertake an amplitude-variation-with-offset (AVO)-based seismic analysis of the abiogenic Mesozoic sedimentary sequence (MES) and overlying Sequence Y chalk interval, which span the Chatham Rise's northwestern slope. Two-term AVO attribute analysis resulted in the interpretation of distinct AVO Class III–IV reflection anomalies, which demarcate the siliciclastic MES from overlying Sequence Y chalks. Unified through their strong negative intercept amplitudes, Class III anomalies increase in absolute amplitude with angle, while Class IV anomalies decrease in absolute amplitude with angle of incidence. Simultaneous AVO inversion of seismic data highlighted the presence of P-impedance anomalies, which directly underlie the regionally occurring Sequence Y chalk interval. Class III anomalies are modeled and interpreted as the result of a previously undefined coarse-grained lithofacies, bearing low saturations (2%–10%) of free gas. Co-occurring ClassIV AVO anomalies are modeled to provide evidence for a fine-grained upper MES, bearing similarly low saturations of free-gas in pore space. We speculate on the gas' origin, which could be from the Hikurangi subduction margin, in situ ancient microbial activity, or a new undetermined source related to the ancient East Gondwanan subduction margin and accretionary wedge.</p>","PeriodicalId":50422,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2023GC011360","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141967137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on U-Pb dating of zircon crystals and petrographic analysis, this study provides new insights into the paleogeographic and accretion evolution along SW Japan. Our data are consistent with an older submarine fan identified from drilling in the Shikoku Basin (Kyushu Fan ∼14.7–12.2 Ma), having a mixed sand provenance from the paleo-Yangtze/Yellow rivers and the Shimanto Belt, and the younger Zenisu Fan (∼9.2–7.6 Ma), which is mainly sourced from the Shimanto Belt and the Izu-Bonin/Honshu arc collision. Our results are in agreement with the hypothesis of very oblique subduction or strike-slip motion between the northern Shikoku Basin and mainland Honshu from ∼12.2 to 9.2 Ma, after which essentially orthogonal subduction occurred after ∼8 Ma. The two main sandbodies drilled at IODP Site C0002 within the inner Nankai Accretionary Prism have similar petrographic signatures to those of the Zenisu and Kyushu submarine fans in the Shikoku Basin. The incorporation of the Shikoku Basin deposits most likely resulted from the seaward propagation of in-sequence thrusts forming an outer accretionary wedge. The incorporation of the Kyushu Fan into the inner accretionary prism implies that the décollement was located in the hemipelagic interval beneath the Kyushu Fan at least until ∼2 Ma, whereas it is now located in the hemipelagic intervals below the Zenisu Fan. Such shifts in décollement location are most likely related to changes in physical properties of the hemipelagic interval due to significant compaction and diagenesis during subduction.
这项研究基于锆石晶体的 U-Pb 定年和岩石学分析,为了解日本西南部的古地理和增生演化提供了新的视角。我们的数据与四国盆地钻探发现的较古老的海底扇(九州扇∼14.7-12.2Ma)和较年轻的善洲扇(∼9.2-7.6Ma)相一致,前者的砂源来自古长江/黄河和岛山东带,后者的砂源主要来自岛山东带和伊豆-波宁/本州弧碰撞。我们的研究结果与四国盆地北部和本州大陆之间在 12.2 ∼ 9.2 Ma 期间发生非常倾斜的俯冲或撞击滑动运动的假说相一致,之后在 8 Ma ∼ 8 Ma 期间发生了基本上正交的俯冲运动。IODP C0002站点在南海内侧断积棱岩中钻探到的两个主要沙体与四国海盆中的天须和九州海底扇的岩相特征相似。四国海盆沉积物的形成很可能是由形成外增生楔的内序推力向海传播的结果。九州扇被纳入内增生棱柱意味着,至少在 ∼2 Ma 之前,地壳位于九州扇下方的半深海层间,而现在则位于 Zenisu 扇下方的半深海层间。这种沉积物位置的变化很可能与半沉积层的物理特性变化有关,因为在俯冲过程中,半沉积层发生了严重的压实和成岩作用。
{"title":"Sediment Provenance Along the Middle Miocene-Pleistocene Nankai Subduction Zone From Sediment Transport to Accretion: Implications for Stratigraphy in the Accretionary Prism","authors":"P. H. Cornard, H. L. Dawson, K. T. Pickering","doi":"10.1029/2023GC011393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GC011393","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on U-Pb dating of zircon crystals and petrographic analysis, this study provides new insights into the paleogeographic and accretion evolution along SW Japan. Our data are consistent with an older submarine fan identified from drilling in the Shikoku Basin (Kyushu Fan ∼14.7–12.2 Ma), having a mixed sand provenance from the paleo-Yangtze/Yellow rivers and the Shimanto Belt, and the younger Zenisu Fan (∼9.2–7.6 Ma), which is mainly sourced from the Shimanto Belt and the Izu-Bonin/Honshu arc collision. Our results are in agreement with the hypothesis of very oblique subduction or strike-slip motion between the northern Shikoku Basin and mainland Honshu from ∼12.2 to 9.2 Ma, after which essentially orthogonal subduction occurred after ∼8 Ma. The two main sandbodies drilled at IODP Site C0002 within the inner Nankai Accretionary Prism have similar petrographic signatures to those of the Zenisu and Kyushu submarine fans in the Shikoku Basin. The incorporation of the Shikoku Basin deposits most likely resulted from the seaward propagation of in-sequence thrusts forming an outer accretionary wedge. The incorporation of the Kyushu Fan into the inner accretionary prism implies that the décollement was located in the hemipelagic interval beneath the Kyushu Fan at least until ∼2 Ma, whereas it is now located in the hemipelagic intervals below the Zenisu Fan. Such shifts in décollement location are most likely related to changes in physical properties of the hemipelagic interval due to significant compaction and diagenesis during subduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":50422,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2023GC011393","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141966768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lesleis Nagy, Roberto Moreno, Adrian R. Muxworthy, Wyn Williams, Greig A. Paterson, Lisa Tauxe, Miguel A. Valdez-Grijalva
Micromagnetic modeling allows the systematic study of the effects of particle size and shape on the first-order reversal curve (FORC) magnetic hysteresis response for magnetite particles in the single-domain (SD) and pseudo-single domain (PSD) particle size range. The interpretation of FORCs, though widely used, has been highly subjective. Here, we use micromagnetics to model randomly oriented distributions of particles to allow more physically meaningful interpretations. We show that one commonly found type of PSD particle—namely the single vortex (SV) particle—has far more complex signals than SD particles, with multiple peaks and troughs in the FORC distribution, where the peaks have higher switching fields for larger SV particles. Particles in the SD to SV transition zone have the lowest switching fields. Symmetrical and prolate particles display similar behavior, with distinctive peaks forming near the vertical axis of the FORC diagram. In contrast, highly oblate particles produce “butterfly” structures, suggesting that these are potentially diagnostic of particle morphology. We also consider FORC diagrams for distributions of particle sizes and shapes and produce an online application that users can use to build their own FORC distributions. There is good agreement between the model predictions for distributions of particle sizes and shapes, and the published experimental literature.
{"title":"Micromagnetic Determination of the FORC Response of Paleomagnetically Significant Magnetite Assemblages","authors":"Lesleis Nagy, Roberto Moreno, Adrian R. Muxworthy, Wyn Williams, Greig A. Paterson, Lisa Tauxe, Miguel A. Valdez-Grijalva","doi":"10.1029/2024GC011465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GC011465","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Micromagnetic modeling allows the systematic study of the effects of particle size and shape on the first-order reversal curve (FORC) magnetic hysteresis response for magnetite particles in the single-domain (SD) and pseudo-single domain (PSD) particle size range. The interpretation of FORCs, though widely used, has been highly subjective. Here, we use micromagnetics to model randomly oriented distributions of particles to allow more physically meaningful interpretations. We show that one commonly found type of PSD particle—namely the single vortex (SV) particle—has far more complex signals than SD particles, with multiple peaks and troughs in the FORC distribution, where the peaks have higher switching fields for larger SV particles. Particles in the SD to SV transition zone have the lowest switching fields. Symmetrical and prolate particles display similar behavior, with distinctive peaks forming near the vertical axis of the FORC diagram. In contrast, highly oblate particles produce “butterfly” structures, suggesting that these are potentially diagnostic of particle morphology. We also consider FORC diagrams for distributions of particle sizes and shapes and produce an online application that users can use to build their own FORC distributions. There is good agreement between the model predictions for distributions of particle sizes and shapes, and the published experimental literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":50422,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GC011465","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141968156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samuele Agostini, Noemi Leone, John L. Smellie, Sergio Rocchi
The Pleiades Volcanic Field is made up of some 20 monogenetic, partly overlapping scoria and spatter cones, erupted in the last 900 ka, cropping out from the ice close to the head of the Mariner Glacier in northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Erupted products vary from hawaiite to trachyte, defining a complete mild Na-alkaline differentiation trend. Mafic samples are characterized by multi-elemental patterns typical of OIB magmas, moderately low 87Sr/86Sr (0.7037) and high 143Nd/144Nd (0.51284), with a clear within-plate affinity, indicating a subcontinental lithospheric source. With increasing SiO2, 87Sr/86Sr ratios increase up to 0.7052 and 143Nd/144Nd decrease to 0.51277, supporting the hypothesis of open-system evolution, with significant crustal assimilation during fractional crystallization. The erupted volume of most evolved products (∼7 km3), according to fractionation models, suggests that primitive magmas should have been more than 10 times larger, indicating the occurrence of a large magma plumbing system, unexpected for a volcanic field of monogenetic scoria cones. The occurrence of a complete fractionation trend with large magma chambers and large assimilation rate is unusual, if not unique, among the alkali basaltic volcanic fields and it is matched by a climax of activity during the last glacial maximum (30 ka), as indicated by new 40Ar-39Ar ages (30 ± 3 ka and 25 ± 2 ka) for samples from the two most prominent edifices. Therefore, we hypothesize a role of a thick ice cap in suppressing eruptions and ultimately leading to prolonged magma residence time in the subsurface, favoring significant fractionation coupled with unusual high rates of crustal assimilation.
{"title":"Magma Differentiation, Contamination/Mixing and Eruption Modulated by Glacial Load—The Volcanic Complex of The Pleiades, Antarctica","authors":"Samuele Agostini, Noemi Leone, John L. Smellie, Sergio Rocchi","doi":"10.1029/2024GC011509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GC011509","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Pleiades Volcanic Field is made up of some 20 monogenetic, partly overlapping scoria and spatter cones, erupted in the last 900 ka, cropping out from the ice close to the head of the Mariner Glacier in northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Erupted products vary from hawaiite to trachyte, defining a complete mild Na-alkaline differentiation trend. Mafic samples are characterized by multi-elemental patterns typical of OIB magmas, moderately low <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr (0.7037) and high <sup>143</sup>Nd/<sup>144</sup>Nd (0.51284), with a clear within-plate affinity, indicating a subcontinental lithospheric source. With increasing SiO<sub>2</sub>, <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr ratios increase up to 0.7052 and <sup>143</sup>Nd/<sup>144</sup>Nd decrease to 0.51277, supporting the hypothesis of open-system evolution, with significant crustal assimilation during fractional crystallization. The erupted volume of most evolved products (∼7 km<sup>3</sup>), according to fractionation models, suggests that primitive magmas should have been more than 10 times larger, indicating the occurrence of a large magma plumbing system, unexpected for a volcanic field of monogenetic scoria cones. The occurrence of a complete fractionation trend with large magma chambers and large assimilation rate is unusual, if not unique, among the alkali basaltic volcanic fields and it is matched by a climax of activity during the last glacial maximum (30 ka), as indicated by new <sup>40</sup>Ar-<sup>39</sup>Ar ages (30 ± 3 ka and 25 ± 2 ka) for samples from the two most prominent edifices. Therefore, we hypothesize a role of a thick ice cap in suppressing eruptions and ultimately leading to prolonged magma residence time in the subsurface, favoring significant fractionation coupled with unusual high rates of crustal assimilation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50422,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GC011509","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141968045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. H. Cipar, A. J. Smye, J. M. Garber, J. R. Reimink, A. R. C. Kylander-Clark
Zircon grains from the metasedimentary lower crust of the Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico, preserve a metamorphic record of the transition from Laramide compression to Eocene extension. Zircon U-Pb isotopes and trace-element concentrations from five two-pyroxene metaigneous granulite xenoliths define discrete populations: older zircon cores (∼15–50 Ma) that are depleted in heavy rare-earth elements (HREE) but Ti-rich, and younger zircon rims (∼3–15 Ma) with elevated HREE and lower Ti concentrations. Coupled phase equilibria and garnet-melt-zircon trace-element partitioning calculations show that the older zircon cores equilibrated in thick (>40 km), hot (800–900°C), garnet-bearing lower crust during the cessation of compression at the end of the Laramide orogeny. Zircon rim domains equilibrated at lower pressures, consistent with >9 km of thinning of the lower crust. Thermal-kinematic calculations show that these pressure-temperature-time constraints require thinning of the lithospheric mantle prior to and during regional Cenozoic extension. Convective erosion of the mantle lithosphere over tens of millions of years, possibly facilitated by dynamics of the Farallon slab, provides a mechanism to facilitate lower crustal heating and extension.
{"title":"Thinning and Heating of Laramide Continental Lower Crust Recorded by Zircon Petrochronology","authors":"J. H. Cipar, A. J. Smye, J. M. Garber, J. R. Reimink, A. R. C. Kylander-Clark","doi":"10.1029/2023GC011177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GC011177","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zircon grains from the metasedimentary lower crust of the Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico, preserve a metamorphic record of the transition from Laramide compression to Eocene extension. Zircon U-Pb isotopes and trace-element concentrations from five two-pyroxene metaigneous granulite xenoliths define discrete populations: older zircon cores (∼15–50 Ma) that are depleted in heavy rare-earth elements (HREE) but Ti-rich, and younger zircon rims (∼3–15 Ma) with elevated HREE and lower Ti concentrations. Coupled phase equilibria and garnet-melt-zircon trace-element partitioning calculations show that the older zircon cores equilibrated in thick (>40 km), hot (800–900°C), garnet-bearing lower crust during the cessation of compression at the end of the Laramide orogeny. Zircon rim domains equilibrated at lower pressures, consistent with >9 km of thinning of the lower crust. Thermal-kinematic calculations show that these pressure-temperature-time constraints require thinning of the lithospheric mantle prior to and during regional Cenozoic extension. Convective erosion of the mantle lithosphere over tens of millions of years, possibly facilitated by dynamics of the Farallon slab, provides a mechanism to facilitate lower crustal heating and extension.</p>","PeriodicalId":50422,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2023GC011177","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141732526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cindy De Jonge, Francien Peterse, Klaas G. J. Nierop, Thomas M. Blattmann, Marcelo Alexandre, Salome Ansanay-Alex, Thomas Austin, Mathieu Babin, Edouard Bard, Thorsten Bauersachs, Jerome Blewett, Brenna Boehman, Isla S. Castañeda, Junhui Chen, Martina L. G. Conti, Sergio Contreras, Julia Cordes, Nina Davtian, Bart van Dongen, Bella Duncan, Felix J. Elling, Valier Galy, Shaopeng Gao, Jens Hefter, Kai-Uwe Hinrichs, Mitchell R. Helling, Mariska Hoorweg, Ellen Hopmans, Juzhi Hou, Yongsong Huang, Arnaud Huguet, Guodong Jia, Cornelia Karger, Brendan J. Keely, Stephanie Kusch, Hui Li, Jie Liang, Julius S. Lipp, Weiguo Liu, Hongxuan Lu, Kai Mangelsdorf, Hayley Manners, Alfredo Martinez Garcia, Guillemette Menot, Gesine Mollenhauer, B. David A. Naafs, Sebastian Naeher, Lauren K. O'Connor, Ethan M. Pearce, Ann Pearson, Zhiguo Rao, Marta Rodrigo-Gámiz, Chris Rosendahl, Frauke Rostek, Rui Bao, Prasanta Sanyal, Florence Schubotz, Wesley Scott, Rahul Sen, Appy Sluijs, Rienk Smittenberg, Ioana Stefanescu, Jia Sun, Paul Sutton, Jess Tierney, Eduardo Tejos, Joan Villanueva, Huanye Wang, Josef Werne, Masanobu Yamamoto, Huan Yang, Aifeng Zhou
Ratios of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGT), which are membrane lipids of bacteria and archaea, are at the base of several paleoenvironmental proxies. They are frequently applied to soils as well as lake- and marine sediments to generate records of past temperature and soil pH. To derive meaningful environmental information from these reconstructions, high analytical reproducibility is required. Based on submitted results by 39 laboratories from across the world, which employ a diverse range of analytical and quantification methods, we explored the reproducibility of brGDGT-based proxies (MBT′5ME, IR, and #ringstetra) measured on four soil samples and four soil lipid extracts. Correct identification and integration of 5- and 6-methyl brGDGTs is a prerequisite for the robust calculation of proxy values, but this can be challenging as indicated by the large inter-interlaboratory variation. The exclusion of statistical outliers improves the reproducibility, where the remaining uncertainty translates into a temperature offset from median proxy values of 0.3–0.9°C and a pH offset of 0.05–0.3. There is no apparent systematic impact of the extraction method and sample preparation steps on the brGDGT ratios. Although reported GDGT concentrations are generally consistent within laboratories, they vary greatly between laboratories. This large variability in brGDGT quantification may relate to variations in ionization efficiency or specific mass spectrometer settings possibly impacting the response of brGDGTs masses relative to that of the internal standard used. While ratio values of GDGT are generally comparable, quantities can currently not be compared between laboratories.
{"title":"Interlaboratory Comparison of Branched GDGT Temperature and pH Proxies Using Soils and Lipid Extracts","authors":"Cindy De Jonge, Francien Peterse, Klaas G. J. Nierop, Thomas M. Blattmann, Marcelo Alexandre, Salome Ansanay-Alex, Thomas Austin, Mathieu Babin, Edouard Bard, Thorsten Bauersachs, Jerome Blewett, Brenna Boehman, Isla S. Castañeda, Junhui Chen, Martina L. G. Conti, Sergio Contreras, Julia Cordes, Nina Davtian, Bart van Dongen, Bella Duncan, Felix J. Elling, Valier Galy, Shaopeng Gao, Jens Hefter, Kai-Uwe Hinrichs, Mitchell R. Helling, Mariska Hoorweg, Ellen Hopmans, Juzhi Hou, Yongsong Huang, Arnaud Huguet, Guodong Jia, Cornelia Karger, Brendan J. Keely, Stephanie Kusch, Hui Li, Jie Liang, Julius S. Lipp, Weiguo Liu, Hongxuan Lu, Kai Mangelsdorf, Hayley Manners, Alfredo Martinez Garcia, Guillemette Menot, Gesine Mollenhauer, B. David A. Naafs, Sebastian Naeher, Lauren K. O'Connor, Ethan M. Pearce, Ann Pearson, Zhiguo Rao, Marta Rodrigo-Gámiz, Chris Rosendahl, Frauke Rostek, Rui Bao, Prasanta Sanyal, Florence Schubotz, Wesley Scott, Rahul Sen, Appy Sluijs, Rienk Smittenberg, Ioana Stefanescu, Jia Sun, Paul Sutton, Jess Tierney, Eduardo Tejos, Joan Villanueva, Huanye Wang, Josef Werne, Masanobu Yamamoto, Huan Yang, Aifeng Zhou","doi":"10.1029/2024GC011583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GC011583","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ratios of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGT), which are membrane lipids of bacteria and archaea, are at the base of several paleoenvironmental proxies. They are frequently applied to soils as well as lake- and marine sediments to generate records of past temperature and soil pH. To derive meaningful environmental information from these reconstructions, high analytical reproducibility is required. Based on submitted results by 39 laboratories from across the world, which employ a diverse range of analytical and quantification methods, we explored the reproducibility of brGDGT-based proxies (MBT′<sub>5ME</sub>, IR, and #rings<sub>tetra</sub>) measured on four soil samples and four soil lipid extracts. Correct identification and integration of 5- and 6-methyl brGDGTs is a prerequisite for the robust calculation of proxy values, but this can be challenging as indicated by the large inter-interlaboratory variation. The exclusion of statistical outliers improves the reproducibility, where the remaining uncertainty translates into a temperature offset from median proxy values of 0.3–0.9°C and a pH offset of 0.05–0.3. There is no apparent systematic impact of the extraction method and sample preparation steps on the brGDGT ratios. Although reported GDGT concentrations are generally consistent within laboratories, they vary greatly between laboratories. This large variability in brGDGT quantification may relate to variations in ionization efficiency or specific mass spectrometer settings possibly impacting the response of brGDGTs masses relative to that of the internal standard used. While ratio values of GDGT are generally comparable, quantities can currently not be compared between laboratories.</p>","PeriodicalId":50422,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GC011583","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141730347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brendan T. Reilly, Lisa Tauxe, Stefanie A. Brachfeld, Bridget Kenlee, Marcus Gutjahr, Andrew W. Dale, Iván Hernández-Almeida, Sidney Hemming, Ian Bailey, Xufeng Zheng, Daven Cheu, Reece Taglienti, Michael E. Weber, Maureen E. Raymo, Trevor Williams
We document an apparent downward displacement of the Matuyama-Brunhes magnetic reversal by ∼20 m at Scotia Sea International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1538 (Pirie Basin) by comparison with the well-defined paleomagnetic record at nearby Site U1537 (Dove Basin). Detailed stratigraphic correlation between the two sites is possible due to similar lithologic variations. However, the two sites have distinctly different porewater geochemistry. Notably, Site U1538 indicates a greater demand for electron acceptors to oxidize organic carbon and Fe2+ enrichment below the depth of SO42− depletion. Magnetic parameters indicate enrichment of an authigenic magnetic mineral with strong remanence properties around the depth of SO42− depletion (∼46 m at Site U1538) relative to magnetic parameters at correlative depths at Site U1537. Fe2+ enrichment below the depth of SO42− depletion is not predicted based on the energetically favorable order of electron acceptors for microbial respiration but is documented here and in other depositional settings. This indicates Fe2+ production exceeds the production of H2S by SO42− reduction, providing a geochemical environment that favors the production and preservation of ferrimagnetic remanence-bearing iron sulfides over paramagnetic pyrite and, thus, a mechanism for deep chemical remanent magnetization acquisition at depths of tens of meters. The influence of authigenic ferrimagnetic iron sulfides on paleomagnetic signals can be difficult to demonstrate with magnetic properties alone; therefore, this finding has implications for evaluating the fidelity of magnetostratigraphic records with complementary geochemical data. Such situations should be considered in other depositional environments with similar porewater Fe2+ accumulation below the SO42− reduction depth.
{"title":"A Geochemical Mechanism for >10 m Apparent Downward Offsets of Magnetic Reversals Inferred From Comparison of Two Scotia Sea Drill Sites","authors":"Brendan T. Reilly, Lisa Tauxe, Stefanie A. Brachfeld, Bridget Kenlee, Marcus Gutjahr, Andrew W. Dale, Iván Hernández-Almeida, Sidney Hemming, Ian Bailey, Xufeng Zheng, Daven Cheu, Reece Taglienti, Michael E. Weber, Maureen E. Raymo, Trevor Williams","doi":"10.1029/2023GC011325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GC011325","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We document an apparent downward displacement of the Matuyama-Brunhes magnetic reversal by ∼20 m at Scotia Sea International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1538 (Pirie Basin) by comparison with the well-defined paleomagnetic record at nearby Site U1537 (Dove Basin). Detailed stratigraphic correlation between the two sites is possible due to similar lithologic variations. However, the two sites have distinctly different porewater geochemistry. Notably, Site U1538 indicates a greater demand for electron acceptors to oxidize organic carbon and Fe<sup>2+</sup> enrichment below the depth of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> depletion. Magnetic parameters indicate enrichment of an authigenic magnetic mineral with strong remanence properties around the depth of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> depletion (∼46 m at Site U1538) relative to magnetic parameters at correlative depths at Site U1537. Fe<sup>2+</sup> enrichment below the depth of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> depletion is not predicted based on the energetically favorable order of electron acceptors for microbial respiration but is documented here and in other depositional settings. This indicates Fe<sup>2+</sup> production exceeds the production of H<sub>2</sub>S by SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> reduction, providing a geochemical environment that favors the production and preservation of ferrimagnetic remanence-bearing iron sulfides over paramagnetic pyrite and, thus, a mechanism for deep chemical remanent magnetization acquisition at depths of tens of meters. The influence of authigenic ferrimagnetic iron sulfides on paleomagnetic signals can be difficult to demonstrate with magnetic properties alone; therefore, this finding has implications for evaluating the fidelity of magnetostratigraphic records with complementary geochemical data. Such situations should be considered in other depositional environments with similar porewater Fe<sup>2+</sup> accumulation below the SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> reduction depth.</p>","PeriodicalId":50422,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2023GC011325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141730233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. A. Cutts, B. V. Dyck, M. G. Perrot, J. H. F. L. Davies, A. M. Osinchuk, D. Šilerová, R. A. Stern, M. Chiaradia, R. Canam
The amalgamation of Laurentia was initiated along the western margin of the Rae craton. However, the tectonic setting that generated magmatic rocks along this margin has long been debated, with the Thelon tectonic zone in the north having formed in an arc setting, and the Taltson magmatic zone in the south variably attributed to either continental arc or intracratonic magmatism. The magmatic rocks of the Great Slave Lake shear zone (GSLsz) lie between these two tectonic belts and, thus, may be critical to the interpretation of the evolution of the western Rae margin. To understand the origin of the rocks in the GSLsz, we have applied U-Pb geochronology, trace-element geochemistry, and O and Hf isotope analyses to zircons from a suite of samples that transect the La Loche River fault (LRf)—a major structure that bisects the GSLsz. Samples collected to the north of the LRf are Neoarchean in age, have mantle-like δ18O (4.7–5.8‰) and chondritic to juvenile εHf values (0–4.5), whereas those to the south are exclusively Paleoproterozoic in age and have more elevated δ18O (6.3–7‰) and much more evolved εHf values (−12 to −6); these results indicate that the LRf marks a crustal-scale suture between the Slave craton and the Taltson magmatic zone. Our isotopic data, together with other regional constraints from the area, are most consistent with the Taltson magmatic zone having formed in a continental arc setting emplaced into ca. 2.3 Ga juvenile basement crust.
劳伦提亚的合并是沿着雷伊克拉通的西缘开始的。然而,长期以来,人们一直在争论在这一边缘产生岩浆岩的构造环境,北部的塞隆构造带是在弧形环境中形成的,而南部的塔尔逊岩浆带则可归因于大陆弧或地壳内岩浆活动。大奴湖剪切带(GSLsz)的岩浆岩位于这两个构造带之间,因此可能是解释西部雷伊边缘演化的关键。为了了解大奴湖剪切带岩石的起源,我们对横跨拉洛奇河断层(LRf)--将大奴湖剪切带一分为二的主要构造--的一系列样本中的锆石进行了铀-铅地质年代学、痕量元素地球化学以及 O 和 Hf 同位素分析。在拉洛奇河断层以北采集的样品属于新元古代,具有地幔样的δ18O(4.7-5.8‰)和从软玉到幼年的εHf值(0-4.5),而在拉洛奇河断层以南采集的样品则完全属于古近纪,具有更高的δ18O(6.3-7‰),εHf值(-12至-6)则更高;这些结果表明,LRf标志着斯拉夫克拉通与塔尔森岩浆区之间的地壳尺度缝合。我们的同位素数据以及来自该地区的其他区域性约束,最符合塔尔森岩浆区在大陆弧环境中形成,并置入约 2.3 Ga 的幼年基底地壳的情况。
{"title":"A Contiguous Taltson-Thelon Margin Revisited","authors":"J. A. Cutts, B. V. Dyck, M. G. Perrot, J. H. F. L. Davies, A. M. Osinchuk, D. Šilerová, R. A. Stern, M. Chiaradia, R. Canam","doi":"10.1029/2024GC011527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GC011527","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The amalgamation of Laurentia was initiated along the western margin of the Rae craton. However, the tectonic setting that generated magmatic rocks along this margin has long been debated, with the Thelon tectonic zone in the north having formed in an arc setting, and the Taltson magmatic zone in the south variably attributed to either continental arc or intracratonic magmatism. The magmatic rocks of the Great Slave Lake shear zone (GSLsz) lie between these two tectonic belts and, thus, may be critical to the interpretation of the evolution of the western Rae margin. To understand the origin of the rocks in the GSLsz, we have applied U-Pb geochronology, trace-element geochemistry, and O and Hf isotope analyses to zircons from a suite of samples that transect the La Loche River fault (LRf)—a major structure that bisects the GSLsz. Samples collected to the north of the LRf are Neoarchean in age, have mantle-like δ<sup>18</sup>O (4.7–5.8‰) and chondritic to juvenile εHf values (0–4.5), whereas those to the south are exclusively Paleoproterozoic in age and have more elevated δ<sup>18</sup>O (6.3–7‰) and much more evolved εHf values (−12 to −6); these results indicate that the LRf marks a crustal-scale suture between the Slave craton and the Taltson magmatic zone. Our isotopic data, together with other regional constraints from the area, are most consistent with the Taltson magmatic zone having formed in a continental arc setting emplaced into ca. 2.3 Ga juvenile basement crust.</p>","PeriodicalId":50422,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GC011527","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141730234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Racano, P. A. van der Beek, T. F. Schildgen, C. Faccenna, V. Buleo Tebar, D. Cosentino
Investigating rock-uplift variations in time and space provides insights into the processes driving mountain-belt evolution. The Apennine Mountains of Italy underwent substantial Quaternary rock uplift that shaped the present-day topography. Here, we present linear river-profile inversions for 28 catchments draining the eastern flank of the Northern-Central Apennines to reconstruct rock-uplift histories. We calibrated these results by estimating an erodibility coefficient (K) from incision rates and catchment-averaged erosion rates obtained from cosmogenic-nuclide data, and we tested whether a uniform or variable K produces a rock-uplift model that satisfactorily fits independent geochronological constraints. We employ a landscape-evolution model to demonstrate that our inversion results are reliable despite substantial seaward lengthening of the catchments during uplift. Our findings suggest that a rock-uplift pulse started around 3.0–2.5 Ma, coinciding with the onset of extension in the Apennines, and migrated southward at a rate of ∼90 km/Myr. The highest reconstructed rock-uplift rates (>1 km/Myr) occur in the region encompassing the highest Apennine massifs. These results are consistent with numerical models and field evidence from other regions exhibiting rapid rock-uplift pulses and uplift migration related to slab break-off. Our results support the hypothesis of break-off of the Adria slab under the central Apennines and its southward propagation during the Quaternary. Moreover, the results suggest a renewed increase in rock-uplift rates after the Middle Pleistocene along the Adriatic coast, coeval with recent uplift acceleration along the eastern coast of southern Italy in the Apulian foreland.
通过研究岩石隆起在时间和空间上的变化,可以深入了解驱动山带演变的过程。意大利亚平宁山脉经历了第四纪岩石隆升,形成了今天的地形。在此,我们对亚平宁山脉中北部东侧的 28 个流域进行了线性河流剖面反演,以重建岩石隆升的历史。我们根据宇宙成因核素数据获得的侵蚀率和集水区平均侵蚀率估算出侵蚀系数(K),从而对这些结果进行了校准,并检验了统一或可变的 K 是否能产生一个令人满意地符合独立地质年代约束条件的岩石隆起模型。我们采用了地貌演化模型来证明,尽管在隆升过程中集水区向海大幅延长,我们的反演结果仍然是可靠的。我们的研究结果表明,岩石隆升脉冲开始于大约 3.0-2.5 Ma,与亚平宁山脉开始延伸的时间相吻合,并以∼90 km/Myr的速度向南迁移。重建的最高岩石隆起率(1 km/Myr)出现在亚平宁山脉地块最高的区域。这些结果与其他地区的数值模型和实地证据一致,都显示了与板块断裂有关的快速岩石上升脉冲和隆升迁移。我们的研究结果支持亚平宁半岛中部下的阿德里亚板块断裂及其在第四纪向南传播的假说。此外,研究结果表明,在中更新世之后,亚得里亚海沿岸的岩石隆起率再次上升,与阿普利亚前陆意大利南部东海岸近期的加速隆起同时发生。
{"title":"Slab Driven Quaternary Rock-Uplift and Topographic Evolution in the Northern-Central Apennines From Linear Inversion of the Drainage System","authors":"S. Racano, P. A. van der Beek, T. F. Schildgen, C. Faccenna, V. Buleo Tebar, D. Cosentino","doi":"10.1029/2024GC011592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GC011592","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Investigating rock-uplift variations in time and space provides insights into the processes driving mountain-belt evolution. The Apennine Mountains of Italy underwent substantial Quaternary rock uplift that shaped the present-day topography. Here, we present linear river-profile inversions for 28 catchments draining the eastern flank of the Northern-Central Apennines to reconstruct rock-uplift histories. We calibrated these results by estimating an erodibility coefficient (<i>K</i>) from incision rates and catchment-averaged erosion rates obtained from cosmogenic-nuclide data, and we tested whether a uniform or variable <i>K</i> produces a rock-uplift model that satisfactorily fits independent geochronological constraints. We employ a landscape-evolution model to demonstrate that our inversion results are reliable despite substantial seaward lengthening of the catchments during uplift. Our findings suggest that a rock-uplift pulse started around 3.0–2.5 Ma, coinciding with the onset of extension in the Apennines, and migrated southward at a rate of ∼90 km/Myr. The highest reconstructed rock-uplift rates (>1 km/Myr) occur in the region encompassing the highest Apennine massifs. These results are consistent with numerical models and field evidence from other regions exhibiting rapid rock-uplift pulses and uplift migration related to slab break-off. Our results support the hypothesis of break-off of the Adria slab under the central Apennines and its southward propagation during the Quaternary. Moreover, the results suggest a renewed increase in rock-uplift rates after the Middle Pleistocene along the Adriatic coast, coeval with recent uplift acceleration along the eastern coast of southern Italy in the Apulian foreland.</p>","PeriodicalId":50422,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GC011592","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141730182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}