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Research on Credit Risk Management of Inclusive Finance in Bank A A 银行普惠金融信贷风险管理研究
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.56028/aemr.9.1.80.2024
Fangliang Ni, Jingwen Huang
MSMEs play an important role in China's economic system, and the Chinese government has been strongly emphasizing MSMEs' role of the massive wealth they create and the large number of jobs they provide. However, the difficulty of financing for MSMEs has always been a bottleneck restricting the development of MSMEs, for which the Chinese government has called on commercial banks to promote inclusive financial services for MSMEs. As MSMEs themselves have problems such as unstable operation, irregular corporate governance, and dependence on the personal credit of the controller, coupled with the severe macroeconomic situation in recent years, it makes the loan risk of MSMEs higher. Therefore, how to scientifically and effectively manage the risk of small and micro-enterprise loans has become the focus and difficulty of commercial banks' inclusive financial business.
中小微企业在中国经济体系中扮演着重要角色,中国政府一直大力强调中小微企业创造的大量财富和提供的大量就业岗位。然而,中小微企业融资难一直是制约中小微企业发展的瓶颈,为此,中国政府呼吁商业银行推进中小微企业普惠金融服务。由于中小微企业自身存在经营不稳定、公司治理不规范、依赖控制人个人信用等问题,加之近年来宏观经济形势严峻,使得中小微企业贷款风险较高。因此,如何科学有效地管理小微企业贷款风险成为商业银行普惠金融业务的重点和难点。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Application Authorization Control Based on Business Center Services 基于业务中心服务的应用授权控制研究
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.56028/aemr.9.1.73.2024
Nan Xiang, Tiancheng Zhao, Junting Li, Yiting Chen, Changju Hu, Yitian Liu
This article analyzes the limitations of traditional authorization in the current situation of insufficient multi-level authorization management capabilities for end consumer applications in business middleware services. Taking the authorization system of business middleware services as a reference, multi-level authorization roles are introduced, and a fine-grained authorization management and authorization management model is proposed. And based on this authorization management model, a risk authorization identification method based on authorization behavior characteristics was explored. An intelligent learning risk authorization control model was proposed, which uses authorization behavior characteristics at all levels as the analysis basis. This enables the system to identify risk authorization actions at all levels, thereby improving the authorization system of business middleware services and achieving full supervision of hierarchical authorization allocation and use. The actual operational data proves that the risk authorization control model proposed in this article can accurately evaluate the risk nature of authorization behavior, and has broad application prospects.
本文分析了在当前业务中间件服务中终端消费者应用的多级授权管理能力不足的情况下,传统授权的局限性。以业务中间件服务的授权体系为参考,引入了多级授权角色,提出了精细化的授权管理和授权管理模型。并在此授权管理模型的基础上,探索了一种基于授权行为特征的风险授权识别方法。提出了以各级授权行为特征为分析基础的智能学习型风险授权控制模型。这样,系统就能识别各层级的风险授权行为,从而完善业务中间件服务的授权体系,实现对分级授权分配和使用的全程监管。实际运行数据证明,本文提出的风险授权控制模型能够准确评估授权行为的风险性质,具有广阔的应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the Successful Factors of Arknights as a Mobile Gacha Game with GameFlow 用 GameFlow 评估 Arknights 作为移动 Gacha 游戏的成功因素
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.56028/aemr.9.1.50.2024
Haodong Zhang
GameFlow is a widely used model of player enjoyment, with numerous applications to game designation and evaluation. Derived from a general set of heuristics for creating enjoyable player experiences, GameFlow has already become a general model of player enjoyment,suitable for all kinds of game genres and platforms. However, research so far has been focused on traditional mobile games while gacha game has not received enough attention. Arknights is a famous gacha games released in 2020 worldwide. This study evaluates how Arknights grows into one of the most successful mobile gacha games and IP in recent years,using the GameFlow model as a conceptual foundation. One reason is that designers of Arknights are good at dealing with the balance between game challenges and increasing players’ skills. In other words, the complexity management of Arknights is pretty good. Another one is that players can get high concentration and immersion due to Arknights’ excellent auditory and visual experience. The two advantages behind the success of Arknights are worth studying for global mobile game industry.
GameFlow 是一种被广泛使用的玩家体验模型,在游戏设计和评估中应用广泛。GameFlow 源自一套用于创造令人愉悦的玩家体验的通用启发式方法,已经成为一种通用的玩家愉悦模型,适用于各种类型和平台的游戏。然而,迄今为止的研究主要集中在传统的手机游戏上,而 gacha 游戏还没有得到足够的重视。Arknights 是 2020 年在全球发布的一款著名的 gacha 游戏。本研究以 GameFlow 模型为概念基础,评估了 Arknights 如何成长为近年来最成功的手机 gacha 游戏和 IP 之一。原因之一是《Arknights》的设计者善于处理游戏挑战与提高玩家技能之间的平衡。换句话说,《Arknights》的复杂性管理相当不错。另一个原因是,《Arknights》出色的听觉和视觉体验能让玩家高度集中注意力,身临其境。Arknights 成功背后的两大优势值得全球移动游戏产业学习。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Government Data Sharing Mechanism Based on Smart Contracts 基于智能合约的政府数据共享机制研究
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.56028/aemr.9.1.58.2024
Yuanpeng Long, Xuena Zhang, Luhong Fan, Wei Zhang, Xun Gui, Xiaosong Zhang, Shimian Hao
Exploring mechanisms for internal data sharing within government departments is important in advancing digital and intelligent society. This paper is based on the establishment of decentralized nodes on the external network of government departments, constructing a decentralized node, and establishing a government internal data sharing model based on blockchain. Subsequently, integrating attribute fields from government data into the shared model, accompanied by the formulation of data-sharing rules through smart contracts, serves to streamline the implementation of efficient and secure cross-validation mechanisms across diverse departments. Finally, this article concludes by conducting a model performance testing experiment, evaluating the model from three perspectives: storage cost, blockchain performance, and security analysis. The test results show that our model enhances the efficiency of querying and retrieving data within the government's internal data-sharing system, effectively addressing challenges such as low efficiency, high costs, and issues related to the security and real-time aspects of data sharing within the government. Overall, our article provides a new way of thinking about government data sharing.
探索政府部门内部数据共享机制,对于推进数字化、智能化社会建设具有重要意义。本文基于政府部门外部网络建立去中心化节点,构建去中心化节点,建立基于区块链的政府内部数据共享模型。随后,将政府数据中的属性字段整合到共享模型中,并通过智能合约制定数据共享规则,从而简化不同部门间高效、安全的交叉验证机制的实施。最后,本文进行了模型性能测试实验,从存储成本、区块链性能和安全分析三个角度对模型进行了评估。测试结果表明,我们的模型提高了政府内部数据共享系统中查询和检索数据的效率,有效解决了政府内部数据共享效率低、成本高以及安全性和实时性相关问题等难题。总之,我们的文章为政府数据共享提供了一种新思路。
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引用次数: 0
Research on the Impact of Open Innovation on the Business Performance of Aerospace Equipment Manufacturing Enterprises 开放式创新对航空航天装备制造企业经营绩效的影响研究
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.56028/aemr.9.1.98.2024
Bo Zhang, Yanlin Zhu
Amidst the accelerating pace of the digital economy, industries across the spectrum are increasingly embracing open innovation to enhance competitive edge of their products. Open innovation fosters the connection of internal and external resources and facilitates resource integration. However, the central issue that scholars are now focusing on is whether the adoption of open innovation genuinely brings significant changes in corporate performance and what the pathways of influence are. This paper is based on extensive literature review and domestic and data collection. engages in a theoretical analysis of the impact of open innovation actions in aerospace equipment manufacturing companies on operational performance. It puts forth corresponding hypotheses. Subsequently, through meticulous analysis and organization, this study selects 108 publicly listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets that meet the criteria, covering the years from 2007 to 2022 as the subjects of investigation. It employs the virtual variable “Open Innovation” as an explanatory variable and complements it with one mediating variable and four control variables for empirical research. The following conclusions are drawn: Presently, the adoption of open innovation effectively enhances corporate performance. Open innovation influences corporate operational performance by impacting the company's internal integration capability. This paper presents practical and feasible recommendations from both a national and corporate perspective, facilitating their thriving development in the future.
在数字经济加速发展的背景下,各行各业越来越多地采用开放式创新来提高产品的竞争优势。开放式创新促进了内外部资源的连接,有利于资源整合。然而,学者们目前关注的核心问题是,采用开放式创新是否真的会给企业绩效带来显著变化,以及影响途径是什么。本文在大量文献综述和国内数据收集的基础上,对航空航天装备制造企业开放式创新行动对运营绩效的影响进行了理论分析,并提出了相应的假设。提出了相应的假设。随后,通过细致的分析和整理,本研究选取了沪深股市中符合标准的 108 家上市公司作为研究对象,时间跨度为 2007 年至 2022 年。研究采用虚拟变量 "开放式创新 "作为解释变量,并辅以一个中介变量和四个控制变量进行实证研究。得出以下结论:目前,采用开放式创新能有效提升企业绩效。开放式创新通过影响企业内部整合能力来影响企业运营绩效。本文从国家和企业两个角度提出了切实可行的建议,促进其在未来的蓬勃发展。
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引用次数: 0
Charitable Healthcare's Impact in Macao: Two Convergence Models and Outpatient Data from Kiang Wu Hospital 慈善医疗在澳门的影响:两种趋同模式和镜湖医院的门诊数据
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.56028/aemr.9.1.42.2024
Xi Wang, Tao Zhang, Hanxiang Gong, Hok Kun Wan
This research article examines the role of charitable healthcare facilities in shaping Macao's society, utilizing two convergence models (σ-convergence and β-convergence) and outpatient data from Kiang Wu Hospital, a notable charitable medical institution. The key findings reveal that the self-paying outpatient (SPO) numbers witnessed a steady increase. Conversely, the outpatient receiving free medical care (ORFMC) trend experienced a general decline over the entire period. This, in turn, influenced the ratio of ORFMC to SPO (ROS), reflecting a downward trajectory over the study period. Furthermore, the analysis of convergence indicated the changes of ORFMC and ROS gradually decreased throughout the sample period. This research highlights the evolving landscape of charitable healthcare contributions to Macao's society during the specified timeframe.
本文利用两个趋同模型(σ趋同和β趋同)和著名慈善医疗机构镜湖医院的门诊数据,探讨慈善医疗机构在塑造澳门社会中的作用。主要研究结果表明,自费门诊病人(SPO)数量稳步增长。相反,接受免费医疗的门诊病人(ORFMC)在整个期间呈总体下降趋势。这反过来又影响了 ORFMC 与 SPO 的比率(ROS),反映出研究期间的下降轨迹。此外,收敛分析表明,在整个样本期间,ORFMC 和 ROS 的变化逐渐减小。这项研究突显了在特定时间段内,慈善医疗对澳门社会贡献的演变情况。
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引用次数: 0
Decision Making and Execution: The Practice and Analysis of Technological Governance 决策与执行:技术治理的实践与分析
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.56028/aemr.9.1.90.2024
Lianbing Zhou
At present, technical governance mainly refers to the governance form in which advanced technologies represented by artificial intelligence are incorporated into the governance process. In the decision-making stage, technical governance can not only enhance the wide representation of government policies, but also calm the passion of equalitarianism through technological control. In the policy execution stage, technical governance can realize extensive and accurate real-time monitoring of policy objects to ensure the realization of the original intention of the policy, but it invades the field of public privacy to an unprecedented extent. The increasing freedom right of the public in modern society makes the social structure more and more complicated and evolves towards a risk society. The balance of technical governance on the public freedom right in policy practice is the necessity of social development. However, the government and its officials should try their best to keep an open mind when applying technical governance means to decision-making; In the policy execution stage, they should maintain a modest attitude. First, we should adhere to the principle of limited monitoring, and second, we should adhere to the principle that the monitored information and data of the public will not be contacted by any other natural person when there is no misconduct.
当前,技术治理主要是指以人工智能为代表的先进技术融入治理过程的治理形态。在决策阶段,技术治理不仅可以增强政府政策的广泛代表性,还可以通过技术控制平息平等主义的激情。在政策执行阶段,技术治理可以实现对政策对象广泛而精准的实时监控,确保政策初衷的实现,但它对公众隐私领域的侵犯也达到了前所未有的程度。现代社会公众自由权利的不断增强,使得社会结构日趋复杂,并向风险社会演进。在政策实践中,技术治理对公众自由权的平衡是社会发展的必然。但政府及其官员在运用技术治理手段进行决策时,应尽量保持开放的心态;在政策执行阶段,应保持谦虚的态度。一是要坚持有限监督的原则,二是要坚持被监督的公众信息和数据在没有不当行为的情况下不被其他自然人接触的原则。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Credit Risk Evaluation In Commercial Banks In China 中国商业银行信用风险评估研究
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.56028/aemr.9.1.85.2024
Fangliang Ni, Jingwen Huang
Credit loans of Chinese commercial banks have been increasing; however, the risk of loan default is also rising rapidly, and Chinese commercial banks have been paying more and more attention to the management of credit risk, and that leads to the commercial banks’ exploration of the credit risk evaluation. Moreover, data mining and mathematical statistics techniques are applied in credit rating, risk monitoring, and prediction of customer default risk.
我国商业银行的信用贷款不断增加,但贷款违约风险也在迅速上升,我国商业银行越来越重视信用风险管理,并由此引发了商业银行对信用风险评估的探索。此外,数据挖掘和数理统计技术也被应用于信用评级、风险监控和客户违约风险预测中。
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引用次数: 0
A Performance Evaluation Method for Employees in Small and Medium-Sized IT Enterprises Based on Multiple Indicators 基于多指标的中小型 IT 企业员工绩效评估方法
Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.56028/aemr.9.1.13.2024
Jiaqing Huang, Mingli Liu, Aiping Tan
In recent years, research on performance evaluation of IT enterprises has become a hot topic worthy of attention. In some countries, IT enterprises have become essential in driving economic development. However, there are significant differences in personnel management, performance evaluation, and other aspects among listed IT enterprises, large IT enterprises, and small and medium-sized IT enterprises, making it difficult to standardize performance evaluation for different types of enterprises. Especially for small and medium-sized IT enterprises, there are still specific problems in performance evaluation due to the unique characteristics of the enterprise. The primary manifestation is that standardized evaluation indicators cannot be fully applicable to small and medium-sized IT enterprises, making it challenging to conduct dynamic evaluations based on the characteristics of the enterprise. This article is based on the research and analysis data of performance evaluation management for small and medium-sized IT enterprises in a particular region of China. It proposes a multi-indicator-oriented performance evaluation system for small and medium-sized IT enterprises and offers corresponding guarantee measures.
近年来,IT 企业绩效评价研究已成为一个值得关注的热点话题。在一些国家,IT 企业已经成为推动经济发展的重要力量。然而,上市 IT 企业、大型 IT 企业和中小型 IT 企业在人事管理、绩效评价等方面存在较大差异,导致不同类型企业的绩效评价难以统一。特别是对于中小型 IT 企业,由于企业的特殊性,在绩效评价方面还存在一些具体问题。主要表现在标准化的评价指标不能完全适用于中小型 IT 企业,使得根据企业特点进行动态评价面临挑战。本文基于对我国某地区中小型 IT 企业绩效评价管理的调研和分析数据,提出了多指标导向的绩效评价方法。提出了以多指标为导向的中小型 IT 企业绩效评价体系,并提供了相应的保障措施。
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引用次数: 0
Firms' Business Conditions, Environmental Uncertainty and Firms' Innovation Behaviour 企业经营状况、环境不确定性与企业创新行为
Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.56028/aemr.9.1.6.2024
Yunqian Wu
 Taking the panel data of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2012 to 2022 as samples, the article constructs a two-way fixed-effects model controlling for individuals and time to empirically study the influence of enterprise business conditions on enterprise innovation behaviour. The results found that: enterprise business condition positively affects enterprise innovation behaviour, and positively affects enterprise innovation by positively affecting enterprise operating cash flow; with environmental uncertainty as the moderating variable, environmental uncertainty negatively moderates the positive impact of enterprise business condition on enterprise innovation behaviour; further analysis found that the impact of non-state-owned enterprises' business condition on enterprise innovation behaviour is more significant than state-owned enterprises', while state-owned enterprises' impact is not significant. The above conclusions are still valid after the robustness tests such as substitution of variables and lag treatment.
文章以2012-2022年沪深A股上市公司面板数据为样本,构建了控制个体和时间的双向固定效应模型,实证研究了企业经营状况对企业创新行为的影响。结果发现:企业经营状况正向影响企业创新行为,并通过正向影响企业经营现金流来正向影响企业创新;以环境不确定性为调节变量,环境不确定性负向调节企业经营状况对企业创新行为的正向影响;进一步分析发现,非国有企业经营状况对企业创新行为的影响比国有企业更为显著,而国有企业的影响并不显著。经过变量替换、滞后处理等稳健性检验,上述结论仍然有效。
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引用次数: 0
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Advances in Economics and Management Research
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