Pub Date : 2024-03-27DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.18
A. L. Khokhlov, I. I. Yaichkov, M. K. Korsakov, I. Kagramanyan, N. N. Volkhin, S. S. Petukhov, V. E. Zaikova
Background. Determining changes in the content of monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites in brain structures is a necessary part of studying the pharmacodynamics of antiparkinsonian drugs. A method for the joint determination of norepinephrine, adrenaline, dopamine, serotonin, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid, vanillylmandelic acid in rat brain tissue has not previously been developed.The aim of the study. To develop and to validate a method for the quantitative determination of norepinephrine, adrenaline, dopamine, serotonin, 5-hydroxyindole3-acetic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid, vanillylmandelic acid in rat brain tissue using high-performance liquid chromatography in combination with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS).Materials and methods. A method for determining monoamine mediators and their metabolites was developed using the HPLC-MS/MS method. Brain tissue homogenates were prepared using a mechanical hand-operated homogenizer. The effect of various antioxidants on the stability of norepinephrine, adrenaline, dopamine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid in the test samples was studied.Results. Chromatographic separation of sample components was carried out using two Synergi Max RP (20 × 2.0 mm, 2.5 µm) and Synergi Fusion RP 80Å (250 × 4.6 mm, 4 µm) chromatographic columns. Elution was carried out in a gradient mode using a mobile phase based on methanol and a 0.1% solution of formic acid in water. To prepare homogenate batches, the samples were diluted with a solution of internal standards in methanol. A 5% aqueous solution of ascorbic acid was chosen as an antioxidant stabilizer.Conclusion. The developed methodology has been fully validated and meets the requirements of Russian and international guidelines. The chosen stabilization method allows samples of brain homogenates to be stored for 30 days after collection.
{"title":"Development and validation of a method for the quantitative determination of monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites in rat brain tissue using HPLC-MS/MS","authors":"A. L. Khokhlov, I. I. Yaichkov, M. K. Korsakov, I. Kagramanyan, N. N. Volkhin, S. S. Petukhov, V. E. Zaikova","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Determining changes in the content of monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites in brain structures is a necessary part of studying the pharmacodynamics of antiparkinsonian drugs. A method for the joint determination of norepinephrine, adrenaline, dopamine, serotonin, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid, vanillylmandelic acid in rat brain tissue has not previously been developed.The aim of the study. To develop and to validate a method for the quantitative determination of norepinephrine, adrenaline, dopamine, serotonin, 5-hydroxyindole3-acetic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid, vanillylmandelic acid in rat brain tissue using high-performance liquid chromatography in combination with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS).Materials and methods. A method for determining monoamine mediators and their metabolites was developed using the HPLC-MS/MS method. Brain tissue homogenates were prepared using a mechanical hand-operated homogenizer. The effect of various antioxidants on the stability of norepinephrine, adrenaline, dopamine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid in the test samples was studied.Results. Chromatographic separation of sample components was carried out using two Synergi Max RP (20 × 2.0 mm, 2.5 µm) and Synergi Fusion RP 80Å (250 × 4.6 mm, 4 µm) chromatographic columns. Elution was carried out in a gradient mode using a mobile phase based on methanol and a 0.1% solution of formic acid in water. To prepare homogenate batches, the samples were diluted with a solution of internal standards in methanol. A 5% aqueous solution of ascorbic acid was chosen as an antioxidant stabilizer.Conclusion. The developed methodology has been fully validated and meets the requirements of Russian and international guidelines. The chosen stabilization method allows samples of brain homogenates to be stored for 30 days after collection.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140374887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-27DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.24
T. A. Bayanova, E. S. Stukova, N. A. Kravchenko
Background. Community-acquired pneumonia remains one of the most common and life-threatening forms of pathology among respiratory diseases.The aim of the study. To identify the features of the epidemiology of communityacquired pneumonia in the conditions of mass immunization against pneumococcal infection in the Irkutsk region.Materials and methods. We conducted a descriptive epidemiological retrospective study. We studied the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia (including community-acquired pneumonia of bacterial and viral etiology) and mortality from this disease in the Irkutsk region for 2011–2022 according to statistical reporting forms No. 2, No. 5, No. 6, C51.Results. The incidence of community-acquired pneumonia during the observation period remained at a high level: the long-term annual average rate among the total population was 627.3 [467.8÷786.8]. At the same time, there was a persistent decrease in the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia of bacterial etiology (Tdecrease = 6.8 %). Incidence rates of community-acquired pneumonia of bacterial etiology were distributed unevenly over the years and the compared population groups. The highest levels were recorded in children in 2018–2019 – 12.3 [10.8÷13.8] and 19.3 [17.8÷20.8], respectively. A decrease in the mortality rate from community-acquired pneumonia among children, adults and in the general population in 2020 was shown, with a subsequent increase in the rate among adults and the general population by 2.5 times. Against the background of ongoing immunization of the population against pneumococcal infection, there is a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia, including communityacquired bacterial pneumonia, and mortality from community-acquired pneumonia among different population groups.Conclusion. Despite the high incidence of community-acquired pneumonia, a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia of bacterial etiology has been shown among children and adults. The decrease in mortality from community-acquired pneumonia has continued since the introduction of immunization against pneumococcal infection. The results of the study can be used to optimize epidemiological surveillance and epidemiological control of community-acquired pneumonia at the regional level.
{"title":"Effect of vaccination on morbidity and mortality from community-acquired pneumonia","authors":"T. A. Bayanova, E. S. Stukova, N. A. Kravchenko","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.24","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Community-acquired pneumonia remains one of the most common and life-threatening forms of pathology among respiratory diseases.The aim of the study. To identify the features of the epidemiology of communityacquired pneumonia in the conditions of mass immunization against pneumococcal infection in the Irkutsk region.Materials and methods. We conducted a descriptive epidemiological retrospective study. We studied the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia (including community-acquired pneumonia of bacterial and viral etiology) and mortality from this disease in the Irkutsk region for 2011–2022 according to statistical reporting forms No. 2, No. 5, No. 6, C51.Results. The incidence of community-acquired pneumonia during the observation period remained at a high level: the long-term annual average rate among the total population was 627.3 [467.8÷786.8]. At the same time, there was a persistent decrease in the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia of bacterial etiology (Tdecrease = 6.8 %). Incidence rates of community-acquired pneumonia of bacterial etiology were distributed unevenly over the years and the compared population groups. The highest levels were recorded in children in 2018–2019 – 12.3 [10.8÷13.8] and 19.3 [17.8÷20.8], respectively. A decrease in the mortality rate from community-acquired pneumonia among children, adults and in the general population in 2020 was shown, with a subsequent increase in the rate among adults and the general population by 2.5 times. Against the background of ongoing immunization of the population against pneumococcal infection, there is a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia, including communityacquired bacterial pneumonia, and mortality from community-acquired pneumonia among different population groups.Conclusion. Despite the high incidence of community-acquired pneumonia, a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia of bacterial etiology has been shown among children and adults. The decrease in mortality from community-acquired pneumonia has continued since the introduction of immunization against pneumococcal infection. The results of the study can be used to optimize epidemiological surveillance and epidemiological control of community-acquired pneumonia at the regional level.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"79 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140376088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-27DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.22
N. V. Naryzhnaya, I. Derkachev, B. Kurbatov, M. Sirotina, M. Kilin, L. N. Maslov
Background. It is known that the protective effect of adaptation and conditioning influence is weakened in animals with metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome may be the basis for the failure of cardioprotection in clinical settings.The aim of the study. To identify the relationship between disorder in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and a decrease in the effectiveness of the infarct-limiting effect of moderate chronic normobaric hypoxia; to check the possibility of correcting reduced cardioprotection by normalizing carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.Methods. The study included 64 Wistar rats. Metabolic syndrome was induced by feeding animals a high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet for 84 days. Chronic normobaric hypoxia was carried out for 21 days in the following mode: 12 % O2 : 0.3 % CO2. Metformin at a dose of 200 mg/kg/day or PPARα agonist WY14643 at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day were added to the drinking water of rats with metabolic syndrome during adaptation period to hypoxia. A 45-minute coronary occlusion and 120-minute reperfusion were performed, and the infarct size was determined. Indicators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, leptin, and adiponectin were studied in the blood serum.Results. The infarct-limiting effect of chronic normobaric hypoxia was weakened in animals with metabolic syndrome. Infarct size showed a direct correlation with decreased glucose tolerance and serum triglyceride levels. Using metformin therapy did not lead to the restoration of the infarct-limiting effect of chronic normobaric hypoxia, while the normalization of lipid metabolism with the use of the PPARα agonist WY14643 corrected the impairment of adaptive cardioprotection in rats with metabolic syndrome.Conclusion. The lack of cardioprotection at chronic normobaric hypoxia in rats with metabolic syndrome is associated with impaired carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The PPARα agonist restores impaired lipid metabolism and adaptive cardioprotection.
{"title":"Restoration of adaptive cardioprotection impaired by metabolic syndrome in rats by the PPARα activation","authors":"N. V. Naryzhnaya, I. Derkachev, B. Kurbatov, M. Sirotina, M. Kilin, L. N. Maslov","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.22","url":null,"abstract":"Background. It is known that the protective effect of adaptation and conditioning influence is weakened in animals with metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome may be the basis for the failure of cardioprotection in clinical settings.The aim of the study. To identify the relationship between disorder in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and a decrease in the effectiveness of the infarct-limiting effect of moderate chronic normobaric hypoxia; to check the possibility of correcting reduced cardioprotection by normalizing carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.Methods. The study included 64 Wistar rats. Metabolic syndrome was induced by feeding animals a high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet for 84 days. Chronic normobaric hypoxia was carried out for 21 days in the following mode: 12 % O2 : 0.3 % CO2. Metformin at a dose of 200 mg/kg/day or PPARα agonist WY14643 at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day were added to the drinking water of rats with metabolic syndrome during adaptation period to hypoxia. A 45-minute coronary occlusion and 120-minute reperfusion were performed, and the infarct size was determined. Indicators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, leptin, and adiponectin were studied in the blood serum.Results. The infarct-limiting effect of chronic normobaric hypoxia was weakened in animals with metabolic syndrome. Infarct size showed a direct correlation with decreased glucose tolerance and serum triglyceride levels. Using metformin therapy did not lead to the restoration of the infarct-limiting effect of chronic normobaric hypoxia, while the normalization of lipid metabolism with the use of the PPARα agonist WY14643 corrected the impairment of adaptive cardioprotection in rats with metabolic syndrome.Conclusion. The lack of cardioprotection at chronic normobaric hypoxia in rats with metabolic syndrome is associated with impaired carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The PPARα agonist restores impaired lipid metabolism and adaptive cardioprotection.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"35 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140375354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-27DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.25
T. A. Fominykh, S. Kutia, V. S. Ulanov, G. Moroz
The article is dedicated to the 500th anniversary of the birth of the greatest physician and scientist of the 16th century Gabriele Falloppio (Fallopius), a revolutionary morphologist who made an invaluable contribution to the development of science, and one of the founders of fundamental anatomy. Although Falloppio is primarily known as an anatomist who described the uterine (“fallopian”) tubes, his range of interests was much wider, and his contribution to anatomy was substantially more significant. Fallopius made many important discoveries in anatomy, and a number of anatomical structures bear his name. Also, Gabriele Falloppio was a talented teacher and a renowned medical practitioner, surgeon and pharmacist. It should be especially noted that Fallopius considered himself an apprentice of Andreas Vesalius. There is no data confirming the fact of their personal acquaintance, but there is documentary evidence of short-term correspondence between Fallopius and Vesalius. In his famous work “Anatomical observations” (“Observationes anatomicae”, 1561), Fallopius pointed out Vesalius’ mistakes and inaccuracies in anatomical descriptions, subjecting his “De humani corporis fabrica” to correct criticism. Vesalius’ reply with compliments to Fallopius as a scientist has been preserved. In any case, the undoubted fact is that Fallopius was an adherent of Vesalius’ methods in applied science and the teaching of anatomy, and consistently introduced them into practice throughout his life.
{"title":"To the 500th anniversary of the birth of Gabriele Falloppio (1523–1562)","authors":"T. A. Fominykh, S. Kutia, V. S. Ulanov, G. Moroz","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.25","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to the 500th anniversary of the birth of the greatest physician and scientist of the 16th century Gabriele Falloppio (Fallopius), a revolutionary morphologist who made an invaluable contribution to the development of science, and one of the founders of fundamental anatomy. Although Falloppio is primarily known as an anatomist who described the uterine (“fallopian”) tubes, his range of interests was much wider, and his contribution to anatomy was substantially more significant. Fallopius made many important discoveries in anatomy, and a number of anatomical structures bear his name. Also, Gabriele Falloppio was a talented teacher and a renowned medical practitioner, surgeon and pharmacist. It should be especially noted that Fallopius considered himself an apprentice of Andreas Vesalius. There is no data confirming the fact of their personal acquaintance, but there is documentary evidence of short-term correspondence between Fallopius and Vesalius. In his famous work “Anatomical observations” (“Observationes anatomicae”, 1561), Fallopius pointed out Vesalius’ mistakes and inaccuracies in anatomical descriptions, subjecting his “De humani corporis fabrica” to correct criticism. Vesalius’ reply with compliments to Fallopius as a scientist has been preserved. In any case, the undoubted fact is that Fallopius was an adherent of Vesalius’ methods in applied science and the teaching of anatomy, and consistently introduced them into practice throughout his life.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140375527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-27DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.16
J. Marakshina, A. Pavlova, V. I. Ismatullina, M. Lobaskova, T. V. Adamovich, S. Mironets, M. A. Sitnikova, S. Malykh
Background. Math anxiety is a state of fear and anxiety that an individual experiences when interacting with mathematical problems. Currently, there is a lack of questionnaires to measure mathematical anxiety for Russian-speaking schoolchildren.The aim. The study analyzed the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale (AMAS).Materials and methods. The study involved 1,198 schoolchildren in grades 10–11. The psychometric properties of the AMAS were analyzed.Results. AMAS demonstrated bifactor structure: subscales of Learning Math Anxiety (LMA) and Math Evaluation Anxiety (MEA) and general scale of Math Anxiety. The bifactor model demonstrated the best fit indices. Analysis confirmed reliable internal consistency (Cronbach’s alphas for LMA = 0.82, MEA = 0.75, total AMAS = 0.95). External validity of AMAS has been confirmed. LMA showed lower scores than MEA. The distribution of scores on the general AMAS scale was shifted to low values. Girls showed higher scores on all scales of the questionnaire. The analysis also confirmed measurement invariance for both boys and girls.Conclusion. Based on the analysis, we can conclude that the AMAS is a valid tool for assessing mathematical anxiety in high school students.
{"title":"Psychometric properties of abbreviated math anxiety scale in Russian high schoolers","authors":"J. Marakshina, A. Pavlova, V. I. Ismatullina, M. Lobaskova, T. V. Adamovich, S. Mironets, M. A. Sitnikova, S. Malykh","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Math anxiety is a state of fear and anxiety that an individual experiences when interacting with mathematical problems. Currently, there is a lack of questionnaires to measure mathematical anxiety for Russian-speaking schoolchildren.The aim. The study analyzed the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale (AMAS).Materials and methods. The study involved 1,198 schoolchildren in grades 10–11. The psychometric properties of the AMAS were analyzed.Results. AMAS demonstrated bifactor structure: subscales of Learning Math Anxiety (LMA) and Math Evaluation Anxiety (MEA) and general scale of Math Anxiety. The bifactor model demonstrated the best fit indices. Analysis confirmed reliable internal consistency (Cronbach’s alphas for LMA = 0.82, MEA = 0.75, total AMAS = 0.95). External validity of AMAS has been confirmed. LMA showed lower scores than MEA. The distribution of scores on the general AMAS scale was shifted to low values. Girls showed higher scores on all scales of the questionnaire. The analysis also confirmed measurement invariance for both boys and girls.Conclusion. Based on the analysis, we can conclude that the AMAS is a valid tool for assessing mathematical anxiety in high school students.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"37 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140376977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wound healing is a spatiotemporal and highly regulated process that is divided into four continuous and overlapping stages: hemostasis, inflammation, repair (proliferation) and remodeling. All stages are controlled by various body systems and depend on the regulatory role of immune and stem cells. Despite significant progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of inflammation, the role of the immune microenvironment in the regeneration process remains unclear. On the one hand, the critical importance of the cellular and molecular components of the immune system in the reparative response of tissues, including the degree of scarring, restoration of structure and function of organs, has been proven, and on the other hand, little data is presented on the loss of tissue regeneration ability associated with the immune competence evolution. The review presents the key cellular and molecular mechanisms of the immune response and of the stem cells participation soft tissue repair process during their interaction with the extracellular matrix. An analysis of the latest scientific data on the participation of components of the immune microenvironment and of stem cells in soft tissue repair process was carried out based on the publications presented in Google Scholar, Medline, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. It has been shown that the nature of this response and its duration have a significant impact on the outcome of repair – from incomplete recovery (scarring or fibrosis) to full regeneration. It is indicated that various types of immune and stem cells take part in the soft tissue repair and remodeling processes, and their interaction must be precisely controlled. The review data may provide the basis for the development of new therapeutic approaches for soft tissue repair through immune regulation or the use of stem cells and extracellular vesicles.
伤口愈合是一个时空高度调节的过程，分为四个连续而重叠的阶段：止血、炎症、修复（增殖）和重塑。所有阶段均由不同的身体系统控制，并依赖于免疫细胞和干细胞的调节作用。尽管在了解炎症的细胞和分子机制方面取得了重大进展，但免疫微环境在再生过程中的作用仍不清楚。一方面，免疫系统的细胞和分子成分在组织修复反应（包括瘢痕程度、器官结构和功能的恢复）中的关键重要性已得到证实，另一方面，与免疫能力演变相关的组织再生能力丧失方面的数据却很少。综述介绍了免疫反应和干细胞与细胞外基质相互作用时参与软组织修复过程的关键细胞和分子机制。根据谷歌学者（Google Scholar）、Medline、PubMed、Scopus 和科学网（Web of Science）上的出版物，对免疫微环境成分和干细胞参与软组织修复过程的最新科学数据进行了分析。结果表明，这种反应的性质和持续时间对修复的结果--从不全复原（瘢痕或纤维化）到完全再生--有重大影响。研究表明，各种类型的免疫细胞和干细胞参与了软组织修复和重塑过程，它们之间的相互作用必须得到精确控制。综述数据可为开发通过免疫调节或使用干细胞和细胞外囊泡进行软组织修复的新治疗方法提供依据。
{"title":"Molecular components, immune and stem cells in soft tissue regeneration","authors":"N. Plekhova, D. V. Korolev, V. B. Shumatov","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Wound healing is a spatiotemporal and highly regulated process that is divided into four continuous and overlapping stages: hemostasis, inflammation, repair (proliferation) and remodeling. All stages are controlled by various body systems and depend on the regulatory role of immune and stem cells. Despite significant progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of inflammation, the role of the immune microenvironment in the regeneration process remains unclear. On the one hand, the critical importance of the cellular and molecular components of the immune system in the reparative response of tissues, including the degree of scarring, restoration of structure and function of organs, has been proven, and on the other hand, little data is presented on the loss of tissue regeneration ability associated with the immune competence evolution. The review presents the key cellular and molecular mechanisms of the immune response and of the stem cells participation soft tissue repair process during their interaction with the extracellular matrix. An analysis of the latest scientific data on the participation of components of the immune microenvironment and of stem cells in soft tissue repair process was carried out based on the publications presented in Google Scholar, Medline, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. It has been shown that the nature of this response and its duration have a significant impact on the outcome of repair – from incomplete recovery (scarring or fibrosis) to full regeneration. It is indicated that various types of immune and stem cells take part in the soft tissue repair and remodeling processes, and their interaction must be precisely controlled. The review data may provide the basis for the development of new therapeutic approaches for soft tissue repair through immune regulation or the use of stem cells and extracellular vesicles.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140378659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. N. Adamovskaya, I. V. Ermakova, S. B. Dogadkina
Background. Studying the functional state of the body of adolescents when they preform cognitive activity using electronic devices is of great importance due to the introduction of information and computer technologies into the educational process. Identifying the characteristics of the reactivity of students’ bodies when performing cognitive activities in a digital environment will contribute to both optimization of learning and health protection.The aim. To study the autonomic regulation of heart rate, electrodermal activity, cerebral circulation and the level of cortisol in saliva when adolescents performed a cognitive test on electronic devices (tablet, laptop) and on paper.Materials and methods. Using analysis of heart rate variability, electrodermal activity, rheoencephalography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent determination of cortisol in saliva, цe examined 48 adolescents while performing a cognitive activity on electronic devices.Results. When adolescents perform cognitive activity using electronic devices, we can register changes in heart rate variability, electrodermal activity and cerebral circulation. Cognitive activity in a digital environment causes an increase in sympathetic effect ontheheart rate with adecrease inparasympathetic activity, anincrease inthe integrative indicator ofgalvanic skin response, invascular tone and adecrease in the cerebral blood flow intensity. One in four adolescents experiences anticipatory stimulation of the endocrine system before taking a cognitive test. Correlation analysis revealed alarge number of correlations between the studied indicators both in the initial state and during cognitive activity.Conclusion. A large number of correlations, both in the initial state and during the cognitive test, between heart rate variability and cortisol concentration, cerebral circulation parameters indicate the preservation of a rigid system of neurovegetative and humoral regulation of heart rate when using electronic devices compared to paper-based media.
{"title":"Features of neurovegetative and humoral regulation of cognitive activity in adolescents when using electronic devices","authors":"O. N. Adamovskaya, I. V. Ermakova, S. B. Dogadkina","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Studying the functional state of the body of adolescents when they preform cognitive activity using electronic devices is of great importance due to the introduction of information and computer technologies into the educational process. Identifying the characteristics of the reactivity of students’ bodies when performing cognitive activities in a digital environment will contribute to both optimization of learning and health protection.The aim. To study the autonomic regulation of heart rate, electrodermal activity, cerebral circulation and the level of cortisol in saliva when adolescents performed a cognitive test on electronic devices (tablet, laptop) and on paper.Materials and methods. Using analysis of heart rate variability, electrodermal activity, rheoencephalography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent determination of cortisol in saliva, цe examined 48 adolescents while performing a cognitive activity on electronic devices.Results. When adolescents perform cognitive activity using electronic devices, we can register changes in heart rate variability, electrodermal activity and cerebral circulation. Cognitive activity in a digital environment causes an increase in sympathetic effect ontheheart rate with adecrease inparasympathetic activity, anincrease inthe integrative indicator ofgalvanic skin response, invascular tone and adecrease in the cerebral blood flow intensity. One in four adolescents experiences anticipatory stimulation of the endocrine system before taking a cognitive test. Correlation analysis revealed alarge number of correlations between the studied indicators both in the initial state and during cognitive activity.Conclusion. A large number of correlations, both in the initial state and during the cognitive test, between heart rate variability and cortisol concentration, cerebral circulation parameters indicate the preservation of a rigid system of neurovegetative and humoral regulation of heart rate when using electronic devices compared to paper-based media.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"84 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140378055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.11
A. M. Ziganshin, M. R. Tagirov, D. O. Baboyan
Aspects of modern medicine cover a huge number of diseases, including postcastration syndrome, which occurs as a result of endocrine testicular dysfunction in men. The relevance of this condition is great, since it is caused by many reasons and is the basis for an inferior life in men. The review shows the impact of this disease on the quality of life and the methods for its treatment. When writing this review, we used data on castration methods and its correction based on materials published in the eLibrary and PubMed databases. The search was carried out using the keywords: “castration”, “post-castration syndrome”, “prostate cancer”. With castration, there is a decrease in serum testosterone levels, as androgens stimulate the growth of prostate cancer. Today, hormone therapy is an alternative to castration in the treatment of prostate cancer. Surgical castration is the gold standard; it can suppress tumor cell proliferation and induce tumor apoptosis, but it causes significant impairment of quality of life. The article presents characteristics of medications, indications, contraindications and side effects of hormone therapy. The quality of life of men with testosterone deficiency is clinically associated with the development of metabolic syndrome, manifested by obesity, hepatic steatosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Numerous studies by domestic and foreign scientists confirm the effect of castration in men on their body, which increases the risk of stroke, depression, cognitive disorders and Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, despite the significant advances of modern medicine in the treatment of malignant diseases of prostate, post-castration syndrome remains a completely unexplored problem, which indicates the need for further study and the development of effective therapy.
{"title":"Post-castration syndrome: relevance, impact on quality of life, methods of correction","authors":"A. M. Ziganshin, M. R. Tagirov, D. O. Baboyan","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Aspects of modern medicine cover a huge number of diseases, including postcastration syndrome, which occurs as a result of endocrine testicular dysfunction in men. The relevance of this condition is great, since it is caused by many reasons and is the basis for an inferior life in men. The review shows the impact of this disease on the quality of life and the methods for its treatment. When writing this review, we used data on castration methods and its correction based on materials published in the eLibrary and PubMed databases. The search was carried out using the keywords: “castration”, “post-castration syndrome”, “prostate cancer”. With castration, there is a decrease in serum testosterone levels, as androgens stimulate the growth of prostate cancer. Today, hormone therapy is an alternative to castration in the treatment of prostate cancer. Surgical castration is the gold standard; it can suppress tumor cell proliferation and induce tumor apoptosis, but it causes significant impairment of quality of life. The article presents characteristics of medications, indications, contraindications and side effects of hormone therapy. The quality of life of men with testosterone deficiency is clinically associated with the development of metabolic syndrome, manifested by obesity, hepatic steatosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Numerous studies by domestic and foreign scientists confirm the effect of castration in men on their body, which increases the risk of stroke, depression, cognitive disorders and Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, despite the significant advances of modern medicine in the treatment of malignant diseases of prostate, post-castration syndrome remains a completely unexplored problem, which indicates the need for further study and the development of effective therapy.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"119 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140381060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.12
D. Babkov, A. Taran, A. A. Shevchenko, L. V. Naumenko, O. Zhukovskaya, A. M. Efremov, E. N. Bezsonova, N. A. Lozinskaya, A. Spasov
Background. Melatonin is an endogenous regulator of intraocular pressure (IOP), but its effectiveness as a drug for glaucoma treatment is limited.The aim of the study. To develop and to validate a virtual screening method to identify bioisosteric analogs of melatonin that are promising for study as agents that reduce intraocular pressure.Results. A database containing structural and experimental affinity information for 48 individual reference compounds was created. Risk assessments for mutagenic, carcinogenic, irritant and reproductive toxicity were performed in DataWarrior based on substructural analysis and identification of fragments that are markers of relevant toxicity. A virtual screening of 2457 structures was carried out and 25 compounds from the selected ones were experimentally studied for their effect on intraocular pressure (IOP) in intact rats. 10 of the 25 prioritized compounds were found to significantly reduce IOP; compound RU-398 reduced IOP by 40 %, K-165 – by 40.9 %, and RU-615 reduced glaucoma by 33.3 %.Conclusion. The effectiveness of virtual screening after experimental validation was 40 %. The identified active compounds are promising for further study and development as the agents for the treatment of glaucoma.
{"title":"Virtual and experimental screening of new melatonin bioisosteres for the treatment of glaucoma","authors":"D. Babkov, A. Taran, A. A. Shevchenko, L. V. Naumenko, O. Zhukovskaya, A. M. Efremov, E. N. Bezsonova, N. A. Lozinskaya, A. Spasov","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Melatonin is an endogenous regulator of intraocular pressure (IOP), but its effectiveness as a drug for glaucoma treatment is limited.The aim of the study. To develop and to validate a virtual screening method to identify bioisosteric analogs of melatonin that are promising for study as agents that reduce intraocular pressure.Results. A database containing structural and experimental affinity information for 48 individual reference compounds was created. Risk assessments for mutagenic, carcinogenic, irritant and reproductive toxicity were performed in DataWarrior based on substructural analysis and identification of fragments that are markers of relevant toxicity. A virtual screening of 2457 structures was carried out and 25 compounds from the selected ones were experimentally studied for their effect on intraocular pressure (IOP) in intact rats. 10 of the 25 prioritized compounds were found to significantly reduce IOP; compound RU-398 reduced IOP by 40 %, K-165 – by 40.9 %, and RU-615 reduced glaucoma by 33.3 %.Conclusion. The effectiveness of virtual screening after experimental validation was 40 %. The identified active compounds are promising for further study and development as the agents for the treatment of glaucoma.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"118 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140380100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.10
O. Regentova, R. Parkhomenko, O. Shcherbenko, F. Antonenko, N. Zelinskaya, N. Sidibe, P. Polushkin, V. Solodkiy
Background. Treatment for malignant brain gliomas includes surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy with temozolomide. However, this complex treatment does not prevent tumor relapses and progression, which is caused by the activity of tumor cells and a high mutational burden. Researchers are experimenting with different intensity of focused ultrasound (FUS) in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). FUS has shown encouraging results in clinical studies.The aim of the study. This review presents brief information on the history of the development of the studied method, the results of its application in experiments and clinical trials, as well as the main possible directions for its implementation in neuro-oncology, in particular, for the treatment of glioblastomas, depending on parameters, including frequency, power, pulse duration and duty cycle.Methods. We carried out an analysis and interpretation of existing publications; for the search, we used the PubMed database and the keywords “focused ultrasound, glioma, HIFU, LIFU”, as well as Yandex and Google search engines and the same keywords in Russian.Results. Low-intensity FUS can be used to temporarily open the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which limits the diffusion of most macromolecules and therapeutic agents into the brain. High-intensity FUS can cause tumor ablation due to a hyperthermic effect, and also stimulate an immunological attack of tumor cells, activate sonosensitizers to exert a cytotoxic effect on tumor tissue, and can increase the sensitivity of tumors to radiation therapy. Histotripsy causes tumor ablation through acoustic cavitation.Conclusion. Focused ultrasound is a promising potential treatment for gliomas. Further study in the form of clinical trials should determine the optimal ultrasound parameters to achieve effective treatment for patients with malignant brain tumors.
{"title":"Prospects for using ultrasound of various intensity for the treatment of patients with malignant brain gliomas","authors":"O. Regentova, R. Parkhomenko, O. Shcherbenko, F. Antonenko, N. Zelinskaya, N. Sidibe, P. Polushkin, V. Solodkiy","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Treatment for malignant brain gliomas includes surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy with temozolomide. However, this complex treatment does not prevent tumor relapses and progression, which is caused by the activity of tumor cells and a high mutational burden. Researchers are experimenting with different intensity of focused ultrasound (FUS) in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). FUS has shown encouraging results in clinical studies.The aim of the study. This review presents brief information on the history of the development of the studied method, the results of its application in experiments and clinical trials, as well as the main possible directions for its implementation in neuro-oncology, in particular, for the treatment of glioblastomas, depending on parameters, including frequency, power, pulse duration and duty cycle.Methods. We carried out an analysis and interpretation of existing publications; for the search, we used the PubMed database and the keywords “focused ultrasound, glioma, HIFU, LIFU”, as well as Yandex and Google search engines and the same keywords in Russian.Results. Low-intensity FUS can be used to temporarily open the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which limits the diffusion of most macromolecules and therapeutic agents into the brain. High-intensity FUS can cause tumor ablation due to a hyperthermic effect, and also stimulate an immunological attack of tumor cells, activate sonosensitizers to exert a cytotoxic effect on tumor tissue, and can increase the sensitivity of tumors to radiation therapy. Histotripsy causes tumor ablation through acoustic cavitation.Conclusion. Focused ultrasound is a promising potential treatment for gliomas. Further study in the form of clinical trials should determine the optimal ultrasound parameters to achieve effective treatment for patients with malignant brain tumors.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"118 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140379969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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