Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.12
L. Shchegoleva, E. Y. Shashkova, T. Sergeeva
The aim. To identify phenotypic features of adaptive cellular immune responses in young women living in different climatic and geographic regions.Materials and methods. We examined 63 apparently healthy women, including 25 residents of Sovpolye settlement, Arkhangelsk region (Arctic region) and 38 residents of Tskhinvali (Republic of South Ossetia) aged 20–40. The content of lymphocytes, their phenotypes CD4+, CD8+, CD3+, CD5+, CD16+, CD10+, CD71+, CD25+, HLA-DR+ and CD95+, CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) glycoprotein, and interleukin (IL) 6 and IL-10 cytokines was studied. Lymphocytes phenotyping was performed by indirect immunoperoxidase reaction using monoclonal antibodies (MedBioSpektr, Moscow) on “dried drop” lymphocyte sample with peroxidase conjugate and chromogen solution staining for immersion microscopy analysis (Nicon 50i, Japan). The content of CEA glycoprotein and cytokines was determined using ELISA.Results. In women living in Arctic region, a deficiency of CD5+, CD3+, CD10+, CD95+, CD71+, CD25+, HLA-DR+ cells, CEA and IL-6 concentrations is associated with high concentrations of CD8+ and IL-10. In women living in Southern region, a slight deficiency of CD5+, CD8+ and CD95+ cells is associated with high concentrations of CEA, IL-6, IL-10 and CD10+, CD16+ and HLA-DR+ cells.Conclusion. In inhabitants of different climatic regions, the features of formation of adaptive immune reactions are determined by different quantitative and qualitative composition of lymphocytes and cytokines phenotypes. Reduction of reserve capabilities of immune homeostasis is detected 3 times more often in inhabitants of the Arctic region.
{"title":"Cellular immunity in women aged 20–40 living in different climatic and geographic regions","authors":"L. Shchegoleva, E. Y. Shashkova, T. Sergeeva","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"The aim. To identify phenotypic features of adaptive cellular immune responses in young women living in different climatic and geographic regions.Materials and methods. We examined 63 apparently healthy women, including 25 residents of Sovpolye settlement, Arkhangelsk region (Arctic region) and 38 residents of Tskhinvali (Republic of South Ossetia) aged 20–40. The content of lymphocytes, their phenotypes CD4+, CD8+, CD3+, CD5+, CD16+, CD10+, CD71+, CD25+, HLA-DR+ and CD95+, CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) glycoprotein, and interleukin (IL) 6 and IL-10 cytokines was studied. Lymphocytes phenotyping was performed by indirect immunoperoxidase reaction using monoclonal antibodies (MedBioSpektr, Moscow) on “dried drop” lymphocyte sample with peroxidase conjugate and chromogen solution staining for immersion microscopy analysis (Nicon 50i, Japan). The content of CEA glycoprotein and cytokines was determined using ELISA.Results. In women living in Arctic region, a deficiency of CD5+, CD3+, CD10+, CD95+, CD71+, CD25+, HLA-DR+ cells, CEA and IL-6 concentrations is associated with high concentrations of CD8+ and IL-10. In women living in Southern region, a slight deficiency of CD5+, CD8+ and CD95+ cells is associated with high concentrations of CEA, IL-6, IL-10 and CD10+, CD16+ and HLA-DR+ cells.Conclusion. In inhabitants of different climatic regions, the features of formation of adaptive immune reactions are determined by different quantitative and qualitative composition of lymphocytes and cytokines phenotypes. Reduction of reserve capabilities of immune homeostasis is detected 3 times more often in inhabitants of the Arctic region.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"43 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141275111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.20
M. Gulyaeva, L. Shestopalova, X. Din, A. Alekseev, A. G. Markhaev, А. Y. Filippova, V. G. Antonov, A. P. Trashkov, A. M. Shestopalov
Background. Studying the characteristics of the course of coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 remains relevant due to the high mutagenicity of the virus and the prevalence of the disease in the world. The search for new drugs to eliminate clinical manifestations of COVID-19, as well as against its agent, is essential. During the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, dexamethasone was recognized as the only effective anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of patients with severe form of the disease, but its use leads to a large number of side effects.The aim. To study the therapeutic effect of the drug Molixan in the treatment of coronavirus infection in model animals – Syrian hamsters.Methods. To assess the effectiveness of the drug Molixan, we carried out a visual assessment of the condition of the lungs using light microscopy and the morphometry of the lung tissue of experimentally infected Syrian hamsters on the day 6 after infection under different Molixan treatment regimens and during dexamethasone therapy. The test drug was administered using three different doses (22.2 mg/kg, 44.4 mg/kg and 88.8 mg/kg, which are equivalent to doses of 3 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg and 12 mg/kg of human body weight) once daily or dividing the dose into two within 12 h interval in case of multiple (5 days) intramuscular administration. Dexamethasone (comparison drug) was administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg once daily for 5 days.Results. The studies showed statistically significant effectiveness of using Molixan at a dose of 44.4 mg/kg, divided into two doses, during 5 days. When compared with untreated hamsters, this treatment regimen reduces the degree of generalization and severity of the inflammatory process in the lungs; and the pathomorphological picture is similar to that observed during treatment with Dexamethasone.Conclusion. The studied drug Molixan is effective as an anti-inflammatory drug in the treatment of the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2.
{"title":"Assessment of the therapeutic effect of the drug Molixan in the treatment of Syrian hamsters experimentally infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus","authors":"M. Gulyaeva, L. Shestopalova, X. Din, A. Alekseev, A. G. Markhaev, А. Y. Filippova, V. G. Antonov, A. P. Trashkov, A. M. Shestopalov","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.20","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Studying the characteristics of the course of coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 remains relevant due to the high mutagenicity of the virus and the prevalence of the disease in the world. The search for new drugs to eliminate clinical manifestations of COVID-19, as well as against its agent, is essential. During the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, dexamethasone was recognized as the only effective anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of patients with severe form of the disease, but its use leads to a large number of side effects.The aim. To study the therapeutic effect of the drug Molixan in the treatment of coronavirus infection in model animals – Syrian hamsters.Methods. To assess the effectiveness of the drug Molixan, we carried out a visual assessment of the condition of the lungs using light microscopy and the morphometry of the lung tissue of experimentally infected Syrian hamsters on the day 6 after infection under different Molixan treatment regimens and during dexamethasone therapy. The test drug was administered using three different doses (22.2 mg/kg, 44.4 mg/kg and 88.8 mg/kg, which are equivalent to doses of 3 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg and 12 mg/kg of human body weight) once daily or dividing the dose into two within 12 h interval in case of multiple (5 days) intramuscular administration. Dexamethasone (comparison drug) was administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg once daily for 5 days.Results. The studies showed statistically significant effectiveness of using Molixan at a dose of 44.4 mg/kg, divided into two doses, during 5 days. When compared with untreated hamsters, this treatment regimen reduces the degree of generalization and severity of the inflammatory process in the lungs; and the pathomorphological picture is similar to that observed during treatment with Dexamethasone.Conclusion. The studied drug Molixan is effective as an anti-inflammatory drug in the treatment of the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"60 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141279923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.25
D. Malygina, P. V. Yastrebov, A. E. Fayans, I. Spitskaya, A. L. Esipovich, А. G. Soloveva, P. V. Peretyagin, N. Melnikova
Background. Ozonation products of unsaturated fatty acids in fats and oils – 1,2,4-trioxolanes – which contribute to the normalization of oxidative and energy metabolism in various diseases, may be a promising substance for the creation of new combined anti-burn drugs.The aim. To study the effect of 1,2,4-trioxolanes in a pharmaceutical composition with betulin, which exhibits wound-healing properties, on indicators of oxidative stress and on energy metabolism in the treatment of burns in an experiment onrats. Methods. The experiments were carried out on 50 male Wistar rats with seconddegree skin burns. We assessed the activity of glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as the level of lipid peroxidation indicators.Results. The properties of 1,2,4-trioxolanes were studied and a pharmaceutical composition of 1,2,4-trioxolanes with betulin from birch bark in fish oil was developed. The effect of this composition on oxidative and energy metabolism in rats during the treatment of burns was studied. The activation of NADP/H and NAD/H dependent enzymes (glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase), as well as superoxide dismutase and catalase, and the normalization of lipid peroxidation parameters under the influence of the studied composition in the treatment of burns were revealed. The effect of the composition on the energy metabolism of erythrocytes was noted, which was assessed by changes in the ratio of lactate dehydrogenase activity in the reverse and direct reactions. Morphohistological studies showed that using the composition under normal conditions and in case of a burn had no effect on the structure of the stomach wall, and also improved the condition of the burn wound on the day 10 compared to the wound condition in animals without treatment.Conclusion. The proposed composition of 1,2,4-trioxolanes and betulin in fish oil, which allows normalizing oxidative and energy metabolism and improving the condition of a burn wound without toxic effects on the stomach wall, can be used as an element of additional therapy in the treatment of burns.
{"title":"Pharmaceutical composition of 1,2,4-trioxolanes with betulin in fish oil. Effect on oxidative and energy metabolism in the treatment of burns in rats","authors":"D. Malygina, P. V. Yastrebov, A. E. Fayans, I. Spitskaya, A. L. Esipovich, А. G. Soloveva, P. V. Peretyagin, N. Melnikova","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.25","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Ozonation products of unsaturated fatty acids in fats and oils – 1,2,4-trioxolanes – which contribute to the normalization of oxidative and energy metabolism in various diseases, may be a promising substance for the creation of new combined anti-burn drugs.The aim. To study the effect of 1,2,4-trioxolanes in a pharmaceutical composition with betulin, which exhibits wound-healing properties, on indicators of oxidative stress and on energy metabolism in the treatment of burns in an experiment onrats. Methods. The experiments were carried out on 50 male Wistar rats with seconddegree skin burns. We assessed the activity of glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as the level of lipid peroxidation indicators.Results. The properties of 1,2,4-trioxolanes were studied and a pharmaceutical composition of 1,2,4-trioxolanes with betulin from birch bark in fish oil was developed. The effect of this composition on oxidative and energy metabolism in rats during the treatment of burns was studied. The activation of NADP/H and NAD/H dependent enzymes (glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase), as well as superoxide dismutase and catalase, and the normalization of lipid peroxidation parameters under the influence of the studied composition in the treatment of burns were revealed. The effect of the composition on the energy metabolism of erythrocytes was noted, which was assessed by changes in the ratio of lactate dehydrogenase activity in the reverse and direct reactions. Morphohistological studies showed that using the composition under normal conditions and in case of a burn had no effect on the structure of the stomach wall, and also improved the condition of the burn wound on the day 10 compared to the wound condition in animals without treatment.Conclusion. The proposed composition of 1,2,4-trioxolanes and betulin in fish oil, which allows normalizing oxidative and energy metabolism and improving the condition of a burn wound without toxic effects on the stomach wall, can be used as an element of additional therapy in the treatment of burns.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141279487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.19
D. O. Kolmakov, N. V. Zagorodniy, A. V. Korolev, D. O. Ilyin, O. G. Ushkova
Background. The long head of biceps brachii tendon plays an important role in shoulder pain. Surgical tactics remain controversial. There are two approaches: tenotomy of the long head of biceps brachii tendon and tenodesis. Both have positive and negative sides. There is also no consensus on the effective position for performing tenodesis.The aim. To assess the histological structure of various parts of the long head of biceps brachii tendon, which may be the causes for persistent pain syndrome.Materials and methods. In this study, we examined the histological structure of the long head of biceps brachii tendon in 12 patients aged 18–59 years having chronic anterior shoulder pain with concomitant damage to the supraspinatus and subscapularis tendons. In all cases, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed changes that made it impossible to perform intraarticular tenodesis. Patients were divided into two groups according to the World Health Organization classification: young (18–44 years) and middle-aged (45–59 years). All patients underwent arthroscopy with subpectoral tenodesis and correction of concomitant pathology. The obtained macropreparations are divided into three zones: the proximal zone, the intertubercular zone and the zone below the intertubercular groove. All macropreparations were sent for histological examination.It was revealed that the most common changes occur in the area of the intertubercular groove in all categories, however, in the middle-aged group, the signs of inflammation and degeneration are equally evident in this zone and in the proximal part of the tendon.Conclusions. Young and middle-aged patients with damage to the tendons of the supraspinatus and subscapularis muscles and signs of chronic tendinitis of the long head of biceps brachii tendon tendon and pronounced structural changes according to MRI should undergo a subpectoral tenodesis procedure; it is also necessary to take into account the anatomical features of the tendon and possible surgical risks.
{"title":"Histological features of the structure of the long head of biceps brachii tendon in patients with concomitant injuries of the rotator cuff","authors":"D. O. Kolmakov, N. V. Zagorodniy, A. V. Korolev, D. O. Ilyin, O. G. Ushkova","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.19","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The long head of biceps brachii tendon plays an important role in shoulder pain. Surgical tactics remain controversial. There are two approaches: tenotomy of the long head of biceps brachii tendon and tenodesis. Both have positive and negative sides. There is also no consensus on the effective position for performing tenodesis.The aim. To assess the histological structure of various parts of the long head of biceps brachii tendon, which may be the causes for persistent pain syndrome.Materials and methods. In this study, we examined the histological structure of the long head of biceps brachii tendon in 12 patients aged 18–59 years having chronic anterior shoulder pain with concomitant damage to the supraspinatus and subscapularis tendons. In all cases, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed changes that made it impossible to perform intraarticular tenodesis. Patients were divided into two groups according to the World Health Organization classification: young (18–44 years) and middle-aged (45–59 years). All patients underwent arthroscopy with subpectoral tenodesis and correction of concomitant pathology. The obtained macropreparations are divided into three zones: the proximal zone, the intertubercular zone and the zone below the intertubercular groove. All macropreparations were sent for histological examination.It was revealed that the most common changes occur in the area of the intertubercular groove in all categories, however, in the middle-aged group, the signs of inflammation and degeneration are equally evident in this zone and in the proximal part of the tendon.Conclusions. Young and middle-aged patients with damage to the tendons of the supraspinatus and subscapularis muscles and signs of chronic tendinitis of the long head of biceps brachii tendon tendon and pronounced structural changes according to MRI should undergo a subpectoral tenodesis procedure; it is also necessary to take into account the anatomical features of the tendon and possible surgical risks.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"4 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.14
A. N. Zhurkin, A. V. Semenov, I. Shurygina, E. A. Lozovskaya, V. Sorokovikov, E. Samoylov
The incidence of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is 4–5 cases per 100,000 population per year, and the prevalence is about 20–50 cases per 100,000 population. According to the modern classification, the following types of TN are distinguished: classical, symptomatic and idiopathic. The cause of classical TN is a neurovascular conflict, of symptomatic TN – neoplasms in the petroclival area, vascular anomalies, multiple sclerosis, etc. In the absence of a reliable etiological factor, TN is considered idiopathic. TN pathogenesis remains one of the most challenging topics in neuroscience. Today, there are many theories and hypotheses regarding the peripheral and central mechanisms of trigeminal neuralgia. The most popular theory is the neurovascular conflict that occurs between the trigeminal nerve and the cerebral vessels, but this theory is not the only one. It is known that even after microvascular decompression, patients may continue to experience facial pain. Therefore, other pathogenetic mechanisms are discussed: short circuit theory, multineuronal mechanism, allergic and immune hypothesis, gate theory, bioresonance hypothesis, trigeminal convergence projection theory, “ignition” hypothesis and ion channel pathology. TN is a clinical diagnosis, and its establishing requires certain criteria proposed by the International Headache Society. Using instrumental research methods, namely magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, is necessary for the differential diagnosis of classical and symptomatic TN, and imaging results should always be interpreted in combination with clinical data to make correct decisions on further treatment tactics.
{"title":"Trigeminal neuralgia at the present stage: Pathophysiology, classification, diagnosis and treatment (literature review)","authors":"A. N. Zhurkin, A. V. Semenov, I. Shurygina, E. A. Lozovskaya, V. Sorokovikov, E. Samoylov","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is 4–5 cases per 100,000 population per year, and the prevalence is about 20–50 cases per 100,000 population. According to the modern classification, the following types of TN are distinguished: classical, symptomatic and idiopathic. The cause of classical TN is a neurovascular conflict, of symptomatic TN – neoplasms in the petroclival area, vascular anomalies, multiple sclerosis, etc. In the absence of a reliable etiological factor, TN is considered idiopathic. TN pathogenesis remains one of the most challenging topics in neuroscience. Today, there are many theories and hypotheses regarding the peripheral and central mechanisms of trigeminal neuralgia. The most popular theory is the neurovascular conflict that occurs between the trigeminal nerve and the cerebral vessels, but this theory is not the only one. It is known that even after microvascular decompression, patients may continue to experience facial pain. Therefore, other pathogenetic mechanisms are discussed: short circuit theory, multineuronal mechanism, allergic and immune hypothesis, gate theory, bioresonance hypothesis, trigeminal convergence projection theory, “ignition” hypothesis and ion channel pathology. TN is a clinical diagnosis, and its establishing requires certain criteria proposed by the International Headache Society. Using instrumental research methods, namely magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, is necessary for the differential diagnosis of classical and symptomatic TN, and imaging results should always be interpreted in combination with clinical data to make correct decisions on further treatment tactics.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"61 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141278048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.18
R. Makhmutov, J. V. Poshekhonova, O. A. Likhobabina
Background. In recent years, modern medicine has been paying increasing attention to the patient’s quality of life, both in an interdisciplinary approach and in individual diseases. Quality of life is not only an important component of overall health, but also allows the clinician to develop an individualized approach to the patient based on general criteria for the pathological condition.The aim of the work. To assess the quality of life of a child with post-COVID syndrome.Material and methods. We studied the tonus of autonomic nervous system, the level of memorization, attention span and performance distribution, work efficiency, mental stability, and self-assessment of the anxiety level. The quality of life was assessed using our own method “Quality of life of children with post-COVID syndrome”. Results. A child with post-COVID syndrome developed vegetative, psycho-emotional, and cognitive disorders, which caused significant discomfort in everyday life and persisted for a long period. The neurovegetative changes described above were functional in nature, which allows us to hope for their reversibility. After the treatment, the teenager’s quality of life, based on assessment using our methodology, had a satisfactory score (43 points).Conclusion. The clinical case was characterized by asthenoneurotic disorders, autonomic disorders, increased anxiety, emotional lability, and some cognitive impairments that negatively affected the patient’s quality of life. The above describes the growing need for further development of assessment of the quality of life of children with post-COVID syndrome in order to form clear personalized algorithms for medical correction and rehabilitation of such patients.
{"title":"Quality of life of a child with post-COVID syndrome (clinical case)","authors":"R. Makhmutov, J. V. Poshekhonova, O. A. Likhobabina","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.18","url":null,"abstract":"Background. In recent years, modern medicine has been paying increasing attention to the patient’s quality of life, both in an interdisciplinary approach and in individual diseases. Quality of life is not only an important component of overall health, but also allows the clinician to develop an individualized approach to the patient based on general criteria for the pathological condition.The aim of the work. To assess the quality of life of a child with post-COVID syndrome.Material and methods. We studied the tonus of autonomic nervous system, the level of memorization, attention span and performance distribution, work efficiency, mental stability, and self-assessment of the anxiety level. The quality of life was assessed using our own method “Quality of life of children with post-COVID syndrome”. Results. A child with post-COVID syndrome developed vegetative, psycho-emotional, and cognitive disorders, which caused significant discomfort in everyday life and persisted for a long period. The neurovegetative changes described above were functional in nature, which allows us to hope for their reversibility. After the treatment, the teenager’s quality of life, based on assessment using our methodology, had a satisfactory score (43 points).Conclusion. The clinical case was characterized by asthenoneurotic disorders, autonomic disorders, increased anxiety, emotional lability, and some cognitive impairments that negatively affected the patient’s quality of life. The above describes the growing need for further development of assessment of the quality of life of children with post-COVID syndrome in order to form clear personalized algorithms for medical correction and rehabilitation of such patients.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.26
Z. F. Dugarzhapova, E. V. Kravets, S. V. Balakhonov
Anthrax remains relevant in the world and in the Russian Federation. In Siberia and the Far East, epizootological, epidemiological, environmental and microbiological monitoring of anthrax is constantly carried out. To analyze the epizootological and epidemiological situation of anthrax, we used the information from veterinary institutions and Rospotrebnadzor for 24 regions, as well as reference and archive materials. On the territory of Siberia and the Far East for the period from 1985 to 2023, pronounced epizootological and epidemiological problems of anthrax are observed in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, the Republic of Buryatia, Omsk Region and the Altai Territory. Over the last five-year observation period, high epizootic activity has been observed in the west of the Republic of Tyva. A total of 3,375 livestock animals and 128 people fell ill. The anthrax database contains information on 7,491 stationary anthrax-infected points in 22 subjects and 562 anthrax burials and cattle burials in 17 subjects of Siberia and the Far East. B. anthracis strains have slight variability in biological properties and belong to two global genetic lines – A and B. In order to prevent anthrax, it is necessary to ensure surveillance of soil foci of anthrax (anthrax burials and cattle burials, “plague fields”), a high level of livestock animals registration and their specific vaccination coverage; to control the implementation of veterinary and sanitary requirements for pre-mortem inspection and emergency slaughter of livestock, the sale of meat and meat products, and biological waste disposal; to carry out explanatory work among the population.
{"title":"Epizootological and epidemiological situation of anthrax in Siberia and the Far East (1985–2023)","authors":"Z. F. Dugarzhapova, E. V. Kravets, S. V. Balakhonov","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.26","url":null,"abstract":"Anthrax remains relevant in the world and in the Russian Federation. In Siberia and the Far East, epizootological, epidemiological, environmental and microbiological monitoring of anthrax is constantly carried out. To analyze the epizootological and epidemiological situation of anthrax, we used the information from veterinary institutions and Rospotrebnadzor for 24 regions, as well as reference and archive materials. On the territory of Siberia and the Far East for the period from 1985 to 2023, pronounced epizootological and epidemiological problems of anthrax are observed in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, the Republic of Buryatia, Omsk Region and the Altai Territory. Over the last five-year observation period, high epizootic activity has been observed in the west of the Republic of Tyva. A total of 3,375 livestock animals and 128 people fell ill. The anthrax database contains information on 7,491 stationary anthrax-infected points in 22 subjects and 562 anthrax burials and cattle burials in 17 subjects of Siberia and the Far East. B. anthracis strains have slight variability in biological properties and belong to two global genetic lines – A and B. In order to prevent anthrax, it is necessary to ensure surveillance of soil foci of anthrax (anthrax burials and cattle burials, “plague fields”), a high level of livestock animals registration and their specific vaccination coverage; to control the implementation of veterinary and sanitary requirements for pre-mortem inspection and emergency slaughter of livestock, the sale of meat and meat products, and biological waste disposal; to carry out explanatory work among the population.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"5 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141277716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.13
I. K. Notov, S. V. Zalavina, S. V. Mashak, N. Bgatova, S. V. Pozdnyakova, S. V. Savchenko, K. G. Notov
Background. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in older men. Transurethral surgery in BPH is the gold standard for treatment, but the techniques differ in the energy used. Considering the different mechanisms of action of bipolar plasma and thulium fiber laser energy on prostate tissue, the study of structural changes under their influence is relevant.The aim. To study the features of structural changes in the prostate during bipolar plasma and thulium fiber laser enucleation of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Methods. Thirty one patients with BPH were divided into two groups. Group 1 (n = 17) underwent transurethral plasma enucleation of the prostate; Group 2 (n = 14) underwent transurethral thulium fiber laser enucleation. Fragments of the surgical prostate capsule were collected intraoperatively and were processed according to standard examination protocols using light and electron microscopy. The width of coagulation necrosis, the relief of the dissection line, the severity of cell and the prostate intercellular matrix destruction were taken into account.Results. Studies have shown the clinical and functional perioperative homology of the compared methods of surgical treatment of BPH. Data from light and electron prostate microscopy showed a greater damaging effect of bipolar plasma energy, which is manifested by a larger width of the zone of coagulation necrosis, a torn and raised appearance of the dissection line, and pronounced integrity violations of cellular elements and intercellular matrix components. Laser exposure causes less pronounced changes, which indicates a more gentle effect of the thulium fiber laser on the prostate components.Conclusion. The obtained microscopy results indicate that the intraoperative action of a thulium fiber laser is less traumatic for the cells and intercellular matrix of the surgical prostate capsule compared to bipolar plasma exposure.
{"title":"Comparative assessment of structural changes in the prostate after bipolar plasma and thulium fiber laser enucleation of benign prostatic hyperplasia","authors":"I. K. Notov, S. V. Zalavina, S. V. Mashak, N. Bgatova, S. V. Pozdnyakova, S. V. Savchenko, K. G. Notov","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in older men. Transurethral surgery in BPH is the gold standard for treatment, but the techniques differ in the energy used. Considering the different mechanisms of action of bipolar plasma and thulium fiber laser energy on prostate tissue, the study of structural changes under their influence is relevant.The aim. To study the features of structural changes in the prostate during bipolar plasma and thulium fiber laser enucleation of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Methods. Thirty one patients with BPH were divided into two groups. Group 1 (n = 17) underwent transurethral plasma enucleation of the prostate; Group 2 (n = 14) underwent transurethral thulium fiber laser enucleation. Fragments of the surgical prostate capsule were collected intraoperatively and were processed according to standard examination protocols using light and electron microscopy. The width of coagulation necrosis, the relief of the dissection line, the severity of cell and the prostate intercellular matrix destruction were taken into account.Results. Studies have shown the clinical and functional perioperative homology of the compared methods of surgical treatment of BPH. Data from light and electron prostate microscopy showed a greater damaging effect of bipolar plasma energy, which is manifested by a larger width of the zone of coagulation necrosis, a torn and raised appearance of the dissection line, and pronounced integrity violations of cellular elements and intercellular matrix components. Laser exposure causes less pronounced changes, which indicates a more gentle effect of the thulium fiber laser on the prostate components.Conclusion. The obtained microscopy results indicate that the intraoperative action of a thulium fiber laser is less traumatic for the cells and intercellular matrix of the surgical prostate capsule compared to bipolar plasma exposure.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"141 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141281416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.17
P. V. Tolstov, S. I. Zhukova, A. Kalyagin, J. V. Aleksandrova, T. Maksikova, O. Ryzhkova, A. Sinkov
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is manifested as ocular pathology in almost a third of patients, which can either be detected at the onset of the disease or occur in the late stages. The pathological process involves the orbit, sclera, episclera, cornea, conjunctiva, eyelids, nasolacrimal system, optic nerve, retina and choroid. Lesion of eye and its surrounding structures determines the severity of the pathological process, the patient’s quality of life and prognosis. The article presents a clinical case of a 38-year-old man with an unfavorable course of GPA, lesion to upper and lower respiratory tract, kidneys, and musculoskeletal system. The authors consider ocular manifestations in the context of a systemic disease. An ophthalmological examination of the patient revealed changes in sclera and choroid, which had not previously been described in detail in the literature. The patient underwent cataract phacoemulsification in the right eye with implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens. The dynamics of clinical manifestations of eye lesion in the near future is positive, but in the long term it remains doubtful due to pronounced changes in the orbit and adnexa of the eye against the background of ongoing small vessels vasculitis. Early consultation with an ophthalmologist and optical coherence tomography in patients with GPA are necessary at any stage of the disease. The clinical case is presented with consideration to the CARE 2021 recommendations.
肉芽肿伴多血管炎（GPA）几乎有三分之一的患者表现为眼部病变，这种病变可以在发病初期发现，也可以发生在晚期。病变过程涉及眼眶、巩膜、上巩膜、角膜、结膜、眼睑、鼻泪管系统、视神经、视网膜和脉络膜。眼睛及其周围结构的病变决定了病变的严重程度、患者的生活质量和预后。本文介绍了一个 38 岁男性的临床病例，他的 GPA 病程不佳，上呼吸道、下呼吸道、肾脏和肌肉骨骼系统均有病变。作者认为眼部表现是全身性疾病的一种表现。对患者进行的眼科检查发现，患者的巩膜和脉络膜发生了变化，而这些变化在以前的文献中没有详细描述过。患者接受了右眼白内障超声乳化手术，并植入了后房型人工晶体。近期内眼部病变临床表现的动态是积极的，但由于眼眶和眼部附件在小血管炎持续存在的背景下发生了明显的变化，远期的临床表现仍值得怀疑。在疾病的任何阶段，GPA 患者都有必要及早咨询眼科医生并进行光学相干断层扫描。本临床病例的介绍考虑到了 CARE 2021 的建议。
{"title":"Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, complicated by ocular adnexa lesion and vascular changes in retina and choroid (literature review with a clinical case)","authors":"P. V. Tolstov, S. I. Zhukova, A. Kalyagin, J. V. Aleksandrova, T. Maksikova, O. Ryzhkova, A. Sinkov","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.17","url":null,"abstract":"Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is manifested as ocular pathology in almost a third of patients, which can either be detected at the onset of the disease or occur in the late stages. The pathological process involves the orbit, sclera, episclera, cornea, conjunctiva, eyelids, nasolacrimal system, optic nerve, retina and choroid. Lesion of eye and its surrounding structures determines the severity of the pathological process, the patient’s quality of life and prognosis. The article presents a clinical case of a 38-year-old man with an unfavorable course of GPA, lesion to upper and lower respiratory tract, kidneys, and musculoskeletal system. The authors consider ocular manifestations in the context of a systemic disease. An ophthalmological examination of the patient revealed changes in sclera and choroid, which had not previously been described in detail in the literature. The patient underwent cataract phacoemulsification in the right eye with implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens. The dynamics of clinical manifestations of eye lesion in the near future is positive, but in the long term it remains doubtful due to pronounced changes in the orbit and adnexa of the eye against the background of ongoing small vessels vasculitis. Early consultation with an ophthalmologist and optical coherence tomography in patients with GPA are necessary at any stage of the disease. The clinical case is presented with consideration to the CARE 2021 recommendations.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"13 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141279470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.22
S. E. Grigoryev, A. V. Novozhilov, E. G. Grigoryev
The article presents a clinical case of a 39-year-old patient with thrombosis and postoperative rethrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein. The disease was complicated by the small intestine necrosis and abdominal surgical infection. Successful thrombectomy and bowel resection made it possible to restore mesenteric blood supply, to stabilize the patient’s condition and to perform an enteroenteroanastomosis. Due to antithrombin III deficiency, rethrombosis in the early postoperative period was complicated by anastomotic leak, unformed intestinal fistula and peritonitis. A hybrid treatment (surgical, parasurgical and conservative) was performed, which included selective infusion of a thrombolysis activator at the superior mesenteric artery mouth. The patient recovered.Clinical and laboratory manifestations of superior mesenteric vein thrombosis, in contrast to acute circulatory disorders in the arteriomesenteric system, are nonspecific and do not always allow timely diagnosis of intestinal ischemia. MSCT angiography identifies venous mesenteric thrombosis in most cases. The ineffectiveness of anticoagulant therapy against the background of antithrombin III deficiency caused superior mesenteric vein thrombosis and rethrombosis. The treatment of the small intestine critical postoperative ischemia included an increase in the volume of antithrombin III and frozen plasma intravenous infusion and selective administration of a thrombolysis activator (actilyse) into the superior mesenteric artery, which made it possible to restore the arteriolovenular intramural blood flow of the small intestine and to prevent another stem rethrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein. Laparostomy using a silicone plate made it possible to constantly monitor the course of the abdominal infectious process and to make timely decisions about the next intervention if medically required. The vacuum assisted design provided permanent lavage of the abdominal cavity without trauma to the soft tissues of the abdominal wall and presenting intestinal loops.
文章介绍了一例 39 岁的肠系膜上静脉血栓形成和术后再血栓形成患者的临床病例。该病因小肠坏死和腹部手术感染而并发。成功的血栓切除术和肠切除术恢复了肠系膜的血液供应，稳定了患者的病情，并进行了肠外吻合术。由于抗凝血酶 III 缺乏，术后早期再血栓形成并发吻合口漏、未成形肠瘘和腹膜炎。患者接受了混合治疗（手术、辅助手术和保守治疗），包括在肠系膜上动脉口选择性输注溶栓激活剂。肠系膜上静脉血栓形成的临床和实验室表现与肠系膜动脉系统的急性循环系统疾病不同，是非特异性的，并不总能及时诊断出肠道缺血。MSCT 血管造影可在大多数病例中发现肠系膜静脉血栓。在抗凝血酶 III 缺乏的背景下，抗凝治疗无效会导致肠系膜上静脉血栓形成和再血栓形成。小肠危重症术后缺血的治疗包括增加抗凝血酶 III 和冰冻血浆的静脉注射量，以及选择性地向肠系膜上动脉注射溶栓激活剂（actilyse），从而恢复了小肠的动静脉内血流，防止了肠系膜上静脉再次发生干性血栓再形成。使用硅胶板进行的腹腔穿刺术可以持续监测腹腔感染过程，并在医疗需要时及时决定下一步干预措施。真空辅助设计可对腹腔进行永久性灌洗，而不会对腹壁软组织和现存肠襻造成创伤。
{"title":"Hybrid treatment of recurrent venous mesenteric thrombosis with small intestinal necrosis","authors":"S. E. Grigoryev, A. V. Novozhilov, E. G. Grigoryev","doi":"10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.2.22","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a clinical case of a 39-year-old patient with thrombosis and postoperative rethrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein. The disease was complicated by the small intestine necrosis and abdominal surgical infection. Successful thrombectomy and bowel resection made it possible to restore mesenteric blood supply, to stabilize the patient’s condition and to perform an enteroenteroanastomosis. Due to antithrombin III deficiency, rethrombosis in the early postoperative period was complicated by anastomotic leak, unformed intestinal fistula and peritonitis. A hybrid treatment (surgical, parasurgical and conservative) was performed, which included selective infusion of a thrombolysis activator at the superior mesenteric artery mouth. The patient recovered.Clinical and laboratory manifestations of superior mesenteric vein thrombosis, in contrast to acute circulatory disorders in the arteriomesenteric system, are nonspecific and do not always allow timely diagnosis of intestinal ischemia. MSCT angiography identifies venous mesenteric thrombosis in most cases. The ineffectiveness of anticoagulant therapy against the background of antithrombin III deficiency caused superior mesenteric vein thrombosis and rethrombosis. The treatment of the small intestine critical postoperative ischemia included an increase in the volume of antithrombin III and frozen plasma intravenous infusion and selective administration of a thrombolysis activator (actilyse) into the superior mesenteric artery, which made it possible to restore the arteriolovenular intramural blood flow of the small intestine and to prevent another stem rethrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein. Laparostomy using a silicone plate made it possible to constantly monitor the course of the abdominal infectious process and to make timely decisions about the next intervention if medically required. The vacuum assisted design provided permanent lavage of the abdominal cavity without trauma to the soft tissues of the abdominal wall and presenting intestinal loops.","PeriodicalId":505136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"37 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141276087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：