Pub Date : 2024-04-23DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-18-28
T. A. Skoropad
Introduction. A number of Orthodox philosophers, among them K.N. Leontiev, criticized New European altruism, and N.A. Berdyaev generally rejected it, calling it “the teaching of bourgeois-democratic morality, the middle-general morality of well-being, the morality of quantities”. P.A. Florensky, N.O. Lossky, V.S. Soloviev, on the contrary, called altruism active love and Christian agape. L.N. Tolstoy believed that the good of people lies in unity and solidarity, and F.M. Dostoevsky called for active and selfless love, which is capable of transforming and purifying. This position of Russian religious philosophers arouses research interest in the author of the article. Thus, the purpose of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis of a number of concepts of Orthodox thinkers who interpreted the concept of altruism differently, but at the same time expressed similar opinions in relation to this ethical category. Methodology and sources. The author uses the hermeneutic method, which allows one to immerse oneself in the study and interpretation of the texts of Russian religious philosophers, which helps to create a voluminous hermeneutic circle of Russian culture, highlighting its features. Results and discussions. The author's approach to the study of culture and interpretation of cultural meanings through the analysis of ethical categories can be called original. A similar approach may be useful to researchers in the field of cultural philosophy as a possible method when studying a particular sociocultural system. Analyzing the concepts of Russian religious philosophers using a similar method helps the author highlight the value foundations of Russian culture. Conclusion. Altruism as a cultural phenomenon and ethical category, once on the soil of Russian culture, acquires a completely different meaning and fullness.
{"title":"Altruism in the interpretation of Russian religious philosophy","authors":"T. A. Skoropad","doi":"10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-18-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-18-28","url":null,"abstract":" Introduction. A number of Orthodox philosophers, among them K.N. Leontiev, criticized New European altruism, and N.A. Berdyaev generally rejected it, calling it “the teaching of bourgeois-democratic morality, the middle-general morality of well-being, the morality of quantities”. P.A. Florensky, N.O. Lossky, V.S. Soloviev, on the contrary, called altruism active love and Christian agape. L.N. Tolstoy believed that the good of people lies in unity and solidarity, and F.M. Dostoevsky called for active and selfless love, which is capable of transforming and purifying. This position of Russian religious philosophers arouses research interest in the author of the article. Thus, the purpose of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis of a number of concepts of Orthodox thinkers who interpreted the concept of altruism differently, but at the same time expressed similar opinions in relation to this ethical category. Methodology and sources. The author uses the hermeneutic method, which allows one to immerse oneself in the study and interpretation of the texts of Russian religious philosophers, which helps to create a voluminous hermeneutic circle of Russian culture, highlighting its features. Results and discussions. The author's approach to the study of culture and interpretation of cultural meanings through the analysis of ethical categories can be called original. A similar approach may be useful to researchers in the field of cultural philosophy as a possible method when studying a particular sociocultural system. Analyzing the concepts of Russian religious philosophers using a similar method helps the author highlight the value foundations of Russian culture. Conclusion. Altruism as a cultural phenomenon and ethical category, once on the soil of Russian culture, acquires a completely different meaning and fullness.","PeriodicalId":505315,"journal":{"name":"Discourse","volume":"2 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140667705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-137-150
A. A. Kiselnikova
Introduction. The aim of the article is to analyze an extramural express consultation as a genre of oral medical discourse. New telemedicine technologies expand the forms of communication, it results in transformation of the dialogue between a doctor and a patient when communicating online, which requires linguistic research.Methodology and sources. The article is based on the main theses of the theory of speech genres formulated by M.M. Bakhtin, T.A. Van Dijk, O.B. Sirotinina, T.V. Shmeleva and others. The author has taken the scientific works on the study of speech genres of oral medical discourse as the methodological basis of the analysis. This includes the works of V.V. Zhura, E.A. Ponomarenko, M.I. Barsukova and others. The study applies methods of linguistic analysis of recorded online consultations for speech-genre characteristics of express consultations.Results and discussion. The article gives a description of an express consultation, including the following parameters: communicative goal, utterance content, speech roles of communicators, linguistic embodiment of the genre. The author pays special attention to doctor's communicative style and gives its assessment in terms of achieving communicative and consequently professional success. The author also describes a speech-genre scenario of a medical online consultation and a chain of communicative moves in a doctor's speech.Conclusion. The study shows that doctor's every speech act is specified by a complex system of communicative targets, primarily related to informative goals (requesting information from the patient and providing information in the form of an explanation and recommendation) and therapy goals to maintain a patient's psychological and emotional well-being. Communicators' speech behavior is regulated by the institutional roles of «an agent» and «a client» of an institution, native speakers having their own invariants. The utterance content is specified by a patient's specific complaint and is organized in accordance with the stages of a medical consultation. The study concludes that genre competence as a part of communicative competence in the form of online communication is the most important professional tool of a consulting specialist.
{"title":"Speech and Genre Characteristics of Express Consultation as a New Phenomenon of Medical Discourse","authors":"A. A. Kiselnikova","doi":"10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-137-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-137-150","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The aim of the article is to analyze an extramural express consultation as a genre of oral medical discourse. New telemedicine technologies expand the forms of communication, it results in transformation of the dialogue between a doctor and a patient when communicating online, which requires linguistic research.Methodology and sources. The article is based on the main theses of the theory of speech genres formulated by M.M. Bakhtin, T.A. Van Dijk, O.B. Sirotinina, T.V. Shmeleva and others. The author has taken the scientific works on the study of speech genres of oral medical discourse as the methodological basis of the analysis. This includes the works of V.V. Zhura, E.A. Ponomarenko, M.I. Barsukova and others. The study applies methods of linguistic analysis of recorded online consultations for speech-genre characteristics of express consultations.Results and discussion. The article gives a description of an express consultation, including the following parameters: communicative goal, utterance content, speech roles of communicators, linguistic embodiment of the genre. The author pays special attention to doctor's communicative style and gives its assessment in terms of achieving communicative and consequently professional success. The author also describes a speech-genre scenario of a medical online consultation and a chain of communicative moves in a doctor's speech.Conclusion. The study shows that doctor's every speech act is specified by a complex system of communicative targets, primarily related to informative goals (requesting information from the patient and providing information in the form of an explanation and recommendation) and therapy goals to maintain a patient's psychological and emotional well-being. Communicators' speech behavior is regulated by the institutional roles of «an agent» and «a client» of an institution, native speakers having their own invariants. The utterance content is specified by a patient's specific complaint and is organized in accordance with the stages of a medical consultation. The study concludes that genre competence as a part of communicative competence in the form of online communication is the most important professional tool of a consulting specialist.","PeriodicalId":505315,"journal":{"name":"Discourse","volume":"29 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140435187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-86-99
E. A. Pashkovsky
Introduction. A national project is a strategic plan for the development of the country in any specific area, adopted for a certain period, including target indicators, tasks necessary for implementation to achieve them, designation of methods and means of achieving goals, implying financing in the required amount. In Russian political practice, national projects in their content are primarily related to social policy. National projects in modern Russia can be considered as a tool for implementing the policy of the welfare state.Methodology and sources. The author used foreign and Russian theories of the welfare state and legal acts of the Russian Federation. The methodological basis of the study was: the theory of social representations by S. Moscovici, namely the idea that representations are a specific way of understanding and communication, which creates reality and common sense; modern theories of public administration efficiency. The empirical basis was data from sociological surveys and official statistics.Results and discussion. The current results of the implementation of national projects are considered within the framework of compliance with the following components of the welfare state: creating a comfortable social environment; creating conditions and opportunities for self-realization and revealing the talent of each person; the emergence of incentives for the creation and functioning of non-state institutions aimed at improving the quality of life of citizens.Conclusion. National projects in the near future can be considered as potential opportunities for overcoming a number of difficulties and social problems within the framework of the socio-economic development of Russia, and thereby ensuring the strengthening of the welfare state.
{"title":"National Projects as a tool for Implementing the Welfare State in Modern Russia","authors":"E. A. Pashkovsky","doi":"10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-86-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-86-99","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. A national project is a strategic plan for the development of the country in any specific area, adopted for a certain period, including target indicators, tasks necessary for implementation to achieve them, designation of methods and means of achieving goals, implying financing in the required amount. In Russian political practice, national projects in their content are primarily related to social policy. National projects in modern Russia can be considered as a tool for implementing the policy of the welfare state.Methodology and sources. The author used foreign and Russian theories of the welfare state and legal acts of the Russian Federation. The methodological basis of the study was: the theory of social representations by S. Moscovici, namely the idea that representations are a specific way of understanding and communication, which creates reality and common sense; modern theories of public administration efficiency. The empirical basis was data from sociological surveys and official statistics.Results and discussion. The current results of the implementation of national projects are considered within the framework of compliance with the following components of the welfare state: creating a comfortable social environment; creating conditions and opportunities for self-realization and revealing the talent of each person; the emergence of incentives for the creation and functioning of non-state institutions aimed at improving the quality of life of citizens.Conclusion. National projects in the near future can be considered as potential opportunities for overcoming a number of difficulties and social problems within the framework of the socio-economic development of Russia, and thereby ensuring the strengthening of the welfare state.","PeriodicalId":505315,"journal":{"name":"Discourse","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140434343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-163-176
B. S. Bogdanov, A. А. Shumkov
Introduction. Ordering the space and time elements in Welsh independent clause, when the subject is formed from a noun, is accompanied by a rather specific agreement of these elements in number. In the grammars of Welsh one can find various classifications of noninverse and inverse sentences and, mostly, practical notions concerning the peculiarities of the agreement of the main parts. Theoretical explanations are meanwhile quite poor. Because it can be proposed, that the peculiarities of sentence organization in Welsh could influence the syntax of English – the language of international communication, the theme under discussion is rather topical.Methodology and sources. The investigation is carried out on the base of four Welsh grammars, containing large chapters on syntax. We also used a collection of texts, from which the examples of non-inverse and inverse sentences were taken. The methodological base of the work is the binomiality idea.Results and discussion. In non-inverse Welsh sentences, the predicate agrees with the subject in number only in case the subject is formed from a pronoun; in case the subject is formed from a noun, the 3-rd person singular is always used. In mixed and abnormal sentences, the word order becomes inverse. The investigation of explicit elements of subject and predicate has turned to be not sufficient, and we were forced to apply the hypothesis on implicitness, inexplicitness and ellipsis of some elements. In doing so, we managed to match the analytic tense in Welsh with the continuous tense in English. It was also suggested, that (emphatic) Welsh constructions can influence the structure of English sentence.Conclusion. In Welsh independent clauses, the weak space specifier can be modified by an implicit strong pronominal semifinitive, after what an implicit element in function of the space element reveals in the subject. Developing the hypothesis about the possible inexplicitness of fixed semifinitives in the Welsh subject, we can also assume that abnormal and mixed sentences in Welsh originate from the subordinate clause of a complex sentence. Within the framework of the general model, it turns out that the arrangement of space and time elements does not contradict the Indo-European system, which fully manifests itself in the English sentence.
{"title":"Influence of Welsh Inversion and Agreement on English Syntax","authors":"B. S. Bogdanov, A. А. Shumkov","doi":"10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-163-176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-163-176","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Ordering the space and time elements in Welsh independent clause, when the subject is formed from a noun, is accompanied by a rather specific agreement of these elements in number. In the grammars of Welsh one can find various classifications of noninverse and inverse sentences and, mostly, practical notions concerning the peculiarities of the agreement of the main parts. Theoretical explanations are meanwhile quite poor. Because it can be proposed, that the peculiarities of sentence organization in Welsh could influence the syntax of English – the language of international communication, the theme under discussion is rather topical.Methodology and sources. The investigation is carried out on the base of four Welsh grammars, containing large chapters on syntax. We also used a collection of texts, from which the examples of non-inverse and inverse sentences were taken. The methodological base of the work is the binomiality idea.Results and discussion. In non-inverse Welsh sentences, the predicate agrees with the subject in number only in case the subject is formed from a pronoun; in case the subject is formed from a noun, the 3-rd person singular is always used. In mixed and abnormal sentences, the word order becomes inverse. The investigation of explicit elements of subject and predicate has turned to be not sufficient, and we were forced to apply the hypothesis on implicitness, inexplicitness and ellipsis of some elements. In doing so, we managed to match the analytic tense in Welsh with the continuous tense in English. It was also suggested, that (emphatic) Welsh constructions can influence the structure of English sentence.Conclusion. In Welsh independent clauses, the weak space specifier can be modified by an implicit strong pronominal semifinitive, after what an implicit element in function of the space element reveals in the subject. Developing the hypothesis about the possible inexplicitness of fixed semifinitives in the Welsh subject, we can also assume that abnormal and mixed sentences in Welsh originate from the subordinate clause of a complex sentence. Within the framework of the general model, it turns out that the arrangement of space and time elements does not contradict the Indo-European system, which fully manifests itself in the English sentence.","PeriodicalId":505315,"journal":{"name":"Discourse","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140434415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-114-127
V. V. Bezrukova, A. V. Garkusha
Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the linguistic means expressing the concept of «mystery» in the fictional works of J. Lippard and N. Buntline, the allocation of its socio-cultural component and the field model construction of lexical units representing this concept. The relevance of the research is due to the interest of modern linguistics in the study of the conceptual sphere of artistic works of the «urban mysteries» genre by American authors.Methodology and sources. The study was conducted within the framework of a linguistic and cultural approach using methods of description, comparison, interpretative analysis, conceptual analysis, the method of dictionary definitions analyzing, structural and semantic analysis, and the method of quantitative calculations. The illustrative material of the study consisted of more than 74 lexical units representing the «mystery» concept in the language, 45 of which were found in the analyzed works. The material was obtained by the method of directed sampling from the fictional works of American authors of the 19th century.Results and discussion. This article discusses and analyzes various interpretations of the concept of «mystery» by domestic and foreign scientists; defines the role of the concept in the work of fiction as a whole and in the analyzed novels of two authors J. lippard and N. Buntline; identifies the features of the linguistic implementation of the «mystery» concept; classifies the linguistic units of the concept according to their parts of speech, semantics and stylistic coloring; analyzes the writers’ linguistic pictures of the world and the conceptual sphere of their works, the illustrative zone of which reveals the reasons for the similarity not only of the storylines of the works, but also of their lexical content.Conclusion. The study made it possible to describe and illustrate the individual style of American authors of the 19th century through a system of expressive means that correlates the inner world of the writer with the artistic reality, the artistic world of the text created by the «poetic» language. The mental world can be interpreted in cognitive terminology as an individual poetic conceptual sphere, or the conceptual system of the author, consisting of a conceptual, objective, associative, figurative and symbolic layer of the concept. The study showed that the learning of the writer's linguistic picture of the world and the conceptual sphere of the work can be carried out using a field model, analyzing the LSF forming the «mystery» concept. The analyzed LSF is distinguished by a more specific vocabulary composition, the complication of the seme structure of words, the seme expansion and the restructuring of their hierarchy, which together form the artistic worldview of the authors.
{"title":"Concept of «Mystery» and its Realization in the Works of J. Lippard and N. Buntline","authors":"V. V. Bezrukova, A. V. Garkusha","doi":"10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-114-127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-114-127","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the linguistic means expressing the concept of «mystery» in the fictional works of J. Lippard and N. Buntline, the allocation of its socio-cultural component and the field model construction of lexical units representing this concept. The relevance of the research is due to the interest of modern linguistics in the study of the conceptual sphere of artistic works of the «urban mysteries» genre by American authors.Methodology and sources. The study was conducted within the framework of a linguistic and cultural approach using methods of description, comparison, interpretative analysis, conceptual analysis, the method of dictionary definitions analyzing, structural and semantic analysis, and the method of quantitative calculations. The illustrative material of the study consisted of more than 74 lexical units representing the «mystery» concept in the language, 45 of which were found in the analyzed works. The material was obtained by the method of directed sampling from the fictional works of American authors of the 19th century.Results and discussion. This article discusses and analyzes various interpretations of the concept of «mystery» by domestic and foreign scientists; defines the role of the concept in the work of fiction as a whole and in the analyzed novels of two authors J. lippard and N. Buntline; identifies the features of the linguistic implementation of the «mystery» concept; classifies the linguistic units of the concept according to their parts of speech, semantics and stylistic coloring; analyzes the writers’ linguistic pictures of the world and the conceptual sphere of their works, the illustrative zone of which reveals the reasons for the similarity not only of the storylines of the works, but also of their lexical content.Conclusion. The study made it possible to describe and illustrate the individual style of American authors of the 19th century through a system of expressive means that correlates the inner world of the writer with the artistic reality, the artistic world of the text created by the «poetic» language. The mental world can be interpreted in cognitive terminology as an individual poetic conceptual sphere, or the conceptual system of the author, consisting of a conceptual, objective, associative, figurative and symbolic layer of the concept. The study showed that the learning of the writer's linguistic picture of the world and the conceptual sphere of the work can be carried out using a field model, analyzing the LSF forming the «mystery» concept. The analyzed LSF is distinguished by a more specific vocabulary composition, the complication of the seme structure of words, the seme expansion and the restructuring of their hierarchy, which together form the artistic worldview of the authors.","PeriodicalId":505315,"journal":{"name":"Discourse","volume":"22 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140434630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-73-85
Ya. A. Margyan, Ya. S. Rocheva, A. L. Shavonin
Introduction. The social policy of the Russian state is aimed at involving socially vulnerable groups of the population in all spheres of social life. One of the most important mechanisms of social inclusion is the formation of a positive image of people with disabilities in modern Russian media. Studying the features of the representation of people with disabilities in various types of media will form the basis for their future sociological monitoring and the creation of a positive image of people with disabilities in Russian society.Methodology and sources. The methodological basis of the study is the works of Russian and foreign sociologists devoted to the problems of social inclusion of people with disabilities. An integrative and inclusive approach is substantiated to ensure a transition from solving situational problems to the comprehensive implementation of inclusive practices for people with disabilities. The main research method is qualitative content analysis of articles from federal media and social media.Results and discussion. The conducted research and comparison of its results with a previously performed analysis of the representation of people with disabilities in the federal media made it possible to identify the main features of the formation of a positive image of people with disabilities in social media in accordance with the principles of social inclusion. In social media, the image of people with disabilities, more often than in traditional media, is constructed through the stories of individual representatives of this social group, a description of their life and everyday life. Such an approach, according to the authors, is a more effective tool for the social inclusion of people with disabilities than materials about the social group as a whole and the benefits provided to them, which more often appear in traditional media. Also, a special approach requires studying the comments under the main materials, which are the main difference between social media and traditional media.Conclusion. Based on the author's comparative research, conclusions are drawn about differences in the representation of people with disabilities in traditional media and social media. Based on these findings, directions for improving the activities of Russian media in creating a positive image of people with disabilities are formulated, and recommendations for further study of the representation of people with disabilities in the media are presented.
{"title":"Formation of a Positive Image of People with Disabilities in Modern Russian Media as the Basis for their Social Inclusion","authors":"Ya. A. Margyan, Ya. S. Rocheva, A. L. Shavonin","doi":"10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-73-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-73-85","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The social policy of the Russian state is aimed at involving socially vulnerable groups of the population in all spheres of social life. One of the most important mechanisms of social inclusion is the formation of a positive image of people with disabilities in modern Russian media. Studying the features of the representation of people with disabilities in various types of media will form the basis for their future sociological monitoring and the creation of a positive image of people with disabilities in Russian society.Methodology and sources. The methodological basis of the study is the works of Russian and foreign sociologists devoted to the problems of social inclusion of people with disabilities. An integrative and inclusive approach is substantiated to ensure a transition from solving situational problems to the comprehensive implementation of inclusive practices for people with disabilities. The main research method is qualitative content analysis of articles from federal media and social media.Results and discussion. The conducted research and comparison of its results with a previously performed analysis of the representation of people with disabilities in the federal media made it possible to identify the main features of the formation of a positive image of people with disabilities in social media in accordance with the principles of social inclusion. In social media, the image of people with disabilities, more often than in traditional media, is constructed through the stories of individual representatives of this social group, a description of their life and everyday life. Such an approach, according to the authors, is a more effective tool for the social inclusion of people with disabilities than materials about the social group as a whole and the benefits provided to them, which more often appear in traditional media. Also, a special approach requires studying the comments under the main materials, which are the main difference between social media and traditional media.Conclusion. Based on the author's comparative research, conclusions are drawn about differences in the representation of people with disabilities in traditional media and social media. Based on these findings, directions for improving the activities of Russian media in creating a positive image of people with disabilities are formulated, and recommendations for further study of the representation of people with disabilities in the media are presented.","PeriodicalId":505315,"journal":{"name":"Discourse","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140433925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-151-162
E. V. Vakhterova, A. Stebletsova
Introduction. The research article in English has recently been under scrutiny by theoretical and applied linguists. The understanding of research article is heterogeneous: it can be defined as a scientific manuscript, an independent text type or a separate genre. In Russian academic discourse the concept of the research article usually implies a scientific publication with the definite word count which is less than a monograph. However, this broad definition comprises a variety of heterogeneous genres. The English academic discourse, on the contrary, specifies research genres manifested in Research, Review, Editorial, Commentary, Clinical Case Report and other text names. Additionally, these research genres can vary according to the scientific discipline. The objective of this paper is to identify and classify academic research genres in medical discourse.Methodology and sources. The research corpus was collected from the original highimpact open-access medical journals, i.e., Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine, British Medical Journal, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Journal of Clinical Investigation, Brain, Pediatrics, Diabetes, Heart, Journal of Neuroscience. The research procedure involved contextual, semantic and comparative analysis of the journal requirements on the article type and content presented in typical sections About the Journal, Authors Guidelines and Table of Contents.Results and discussion. The analysis has led to the development of differential parameters for further research genres classification. The findings have shown that a variety of research papers under different names can be classified as a system of research genres in the academic discourse represented by medical research publications. We have also found distinct correlations between medical journal requirements and linguistic characteristics of medical research genres.Conclusion. The academic medical discourse functions in a wide spectrum of article types, which can be classified as medical research genres according to discourse parameters.
{"title":"Medical Research Genres in the English Academic Discourse","authors":"E. V. Vakhterova, A. Stebletsova","doi":"10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-151-162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-151-162","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The research article in English has recently been under scrutiny by theoretical and applied linguists. The understanding of research article is heterogeneous: it can be defined as a scientific manuscript, an independent text type or a separate genre. In Russian academic discourse the concept of the research article usually implies a scientific publication with the definite word count which is less than a monograph. However, this broad definition comprises a variety of heterogeneous genres. The English academic discourse, on the contrary, specifies research genres manifested in Research, Review, Editorial, Commentary, Clinical Case Report and other text names. Additionally, these research genres can vary according to the scientific discipline. The objective of this paper is to identify and classify academic research genres in medical discourse.Methodology and sources. The research corpus was collected from the original highimpact open-access medical journals, i.e., Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine, British Medical Journal, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Journal of Clinical Investigation, Brain, Pediatrics, Diabetes, Heart, Journal of Neuroscience. The research procedure involved contextual, semantic and comparative analysis of the journal requirements on the article type and content presented in typical sections About the Journal, Authors Guidelines and Table of Contents.Results and discussion. The analysis has led to the development of differential parameters for further research genres classification. The findings have shown that a variety of research papers under different names can be classified as a system of research genres in the academic discourse represented by medical research publications. We have also found distinct correlations between medical journal requirements and linguistic characteristics of medical research genres.Conclusion. The academic medical discourse functions in a wide spectrum of article types, which can be classified as medical research genres according to discourse parameters.","PeriodicalId":505315,"journal":{"name":"Discourse","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140434549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-100-113
O. Polyakov
Introduction. The article continues a series of publications on R-linguistics and is dedicated to the ternary hypothesis and the problem of modeling the world associated with it. The essence of the ternary hypothesis is based on the assumption that any natural language does not use verbs with arity (valency) above three. This hypothesis creates an epistemological problem, the essence of which lies in the mismatch between the constraints of the dimensionality of thinking and the dimensionality of some phenomena and processes of the surrounding world. The indicated problem is directly related to language, since language reflects human thinking and the structure of the world model.Methodology and sources. The results obtained in the previous parts of the series are used as research tools. To develop the necessary mathematical representations for verbs with high valence, the categorization axioms formulated earlier in the series are used.Results and discussion. It has been shown that cases of multiple indirect objects are related to data dependencies in the sentence. Methods of categorization have been developed for ternary relations and relations with higher arity. It has been demonstrated that even in this case, all conditional categorizations and conditional verbs can be reduced to a single categorization.Conclusion. The ternary hypothesis and the ternary problem are formulated. Based on the study of data dependencies, it is shown that the ternary hypothesis is most likely true for all natural languages. Based on the study of methods of categorizing relations with arity higher than three, it is demonstrated that in this case linguistic spaces show stability regardless of the location of categories in the sentence, which makes it possible to describe highdimensional interactions using subordinate clauses. Thus, the appearance of subordinate clauses in all languages of the world is associated with the need to describe highdimensional interactions in the world model human.
导言。本文是 R 语言学系列文章的续篇，专门讨论三元假说以及与之相关的世界建模问题。三元假说的本质是基于这样一个假设，即任何自然语言都不使用词性（效价）超过三的动词。这一假设产生了一个认识论问题，其本质在于思维维度的限制与周围世界某些现象和过程的维度之间的不匹配。所指出的问题与语言直接相关，因为语言反映了人类思维和世界模型的结构。本系列前几部分所取得的成果被用作研究工具。为了对高价动词进行必要的数学表述，我们使用了本系列前面提出的分类公理。研究表明，多间接宾语的情况与句子中的数据依赖性有关。针对三元关系和更高迭代度的关系开发了分类方法。研究表明，即使在这种情况下，所有条件分类和条件动词都可以简化为单一分类。提出了三元假设和三元问题。根据对数据依赖性的研究，证明三元假设很可能对所有自然语言都是正确的。基于对三元以上关系分类方法的研究，证明在这种情况下，无论类别在句子中的位置如何，语言空间都表现出稳定性，这使得使用从句来描述高维交互作用成为可能。因此，从句在世界所有语言中的出现与描述人类世界模型中高维互动关系的需要有关。
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Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-128-136
O. I. Glazunova
Introduction. We consider the Golden Ratio principle and the Fibonacci sequence in terms of its possible use in the production and perception of information. The correspondence between the Fibonacci sequence and the principle of symmetry is most clearly shown when numbers are replaced with concepts and judgments.Methodology and sources. Language is an integral part not only of consciousness, but also of reality, and therefore it is quite natural to assume that its formation and development took place in accordance with the objective laws of nature that ensure the effectiveness of the interaction of structural and systemic formations as part of the whole. Such an approach makes it possible to find answers to questions that have not been solved within the narrow linguistic framework of the study, and also contributes to the fact that language structures designed to describe the state of affairs in reality provide a methodological basis for cognition at the disposal of a person.Results and discussion. The simplest language phrases built on the models of «what is what», «what is which», «what/who does what», already contain all the essential elements of thought: 1) the separation of two objects; 2) comparing them with each other (in consciousness), and 3) inference (stating their separateness and differences from each other). Thus, symmetry and asymmetry are the essence of the process of obtaining new knowledge in any field of research. Each new judgment in the chain constructed in accordance with the Fibonacci sequence includes the two previous ones, but in a new quality – based on their synthesis. At the same time, all copies of the original and received structures remain in memory.Conclusion. The search for laws implies not only generalization of ideas, but also finding the simplest schemes according to which material objects are created and processes occurring in the natural environment are implemented. In accordance with the processes regulating the stability and variability of systems in the natural environment, the activity of consciousness is also carried out, aimed at obtaining knowledge and their formation on the basis of symmetry and asymmetry. Symmetry contributes to the preservation and assimilation of the original data, asymmetry allows you to extract new information based on them. The information coming from outside is transformed into linguistic structures – the only way possible for a person to reflect the results of logical and sensory analysis.
{"title":"Mathematical Approaches to the Study of Human Information Processing","authors":"O. I. Glazunova","doi":"10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-128-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-128-136","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. We consider the Golden Ratio principle and the Fibonacci sequence in terms of its possible use in the production and perception of information. The correspondence between the Fibonacci sequence and the principle of symmetry is most clearly shown when numbers are replaced with concepts and judgments.Methodology and sources. Language is an integral part not only of consciousness, but also of reality, and therefore it is quite natural to assume that its formation and development took place in accordance with the objective laws of nature that ensure the effectiveness of the interaction of structural and systemic formations as part of the whole. Such an approach makes it possible to find answers to questions that have not been solved within the narrow linguistic framework of the study, and also contributes to the fact that language structures designed to describe the state of affairs in reality provide a methodological basis for cognition at the disposal of a person.Results and discussion. The simplest language phrases built on the models of «what is what», «what is which», «what/who does what», already contain all the essential elements of thought: 1) the separation of two objects; 2) comparing them with each other (in consciousness), and 3) inference (stating their separateness and differences from each other). Thus, symmetry and asymmetry are the essence of the process of obtaining new knowledge in any field of research. Each new judgment in the chain constructed in accordance with the Fibonacci sequence includes the two previous ones, but in a new quality – based on their synthesis. At the same time, all copies of the original and received structures remain in memory.Conclusion. The search for laws implies not only generalization of ideas, but also finding the simplest schemes according to which material objects are created and processes occurring in the natural environment are implemented. In accordance with the processes regulating the stability and variability of systems in the natural environment, the activity of consciousness is also carried out, aimed at obtaining knowledge and their formation on the basis of symmetry and asymmetry. Symmetry contributes to the preservation and assimilation of the original data, asymmetry allows you to extract new information based on them. The information coming from outside is transformed into linguistic structures – the only way possible for a person to reflect the results of logical and sensory analysis.","PeriodicalId":505315,"journal":{"name":"Discourse","volume":"57 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140434183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-23DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-5-14
Jiawen Xu, L. P. Morina
Introduction. The article is devoted to the phenomenon of modern Chinese theater and aims to explore the ways of its evolution – from imitation of European avant-garde forms of theatrical art to the formation of an original artistic language. An important goal is also to identify the factors that have determined the unique aesthetic and meaningful characteristics of modern Chinese theater.Methodology and sources. As a result of the application of the comparative analysis method, the article compares the theatrical concepts of Ibsen, Stanislavsky and Brecht, which influenced the image of modern Chinese theater.Result and discussion. The special role of the European theatrical avant-garde is shown, namely, the concept of Brecht's dialectical drama, which became widespread in China at the end of the XX century. Over a twenty-year period (from 1959 to 1979), three so-called «Brecht booms» took place in China, radically transforming Chinese traditional theater. However, despite the high popularity of Brecht's ideas, the Chinese Theater did not turn into a literal translator of the European avant-garde, but formed its own artistic style based on traditional structures of audience perception. The key role in this process was played by the national cultural context – socio-political and mental – which determined the specific forms of adaptation of the cultural meanings of the European theater. The history of Chinese avant-garde theater lasts for more than forty years and began in the early 1980s. After experiencing a period of direct borrowing, Chinese theatrical figures came to rethink the European heritage in the context of their own culture. As a result, it was the middle path of Chinese theater development that turned out to be the most productive – a path that absorbed the outstanding artistic ideas of Stanislavsky and Brecht, the modern Western avant-garde, but also without rejecting traditional artistic principles. This is how Chinese theatrical culture has developed with its own unique style.Conclusion. The 20th century became the era of the interchange of Eastern and Western theatrical traditions, which largely shaped the world cultural landscape, in which the interaction of Brecht's theory and traditional Chinese culture forms a special topos.
{"title":"The Influence of the Bertolt Brecht System on Traditional Chinese Theater","authors":"Jiawen Xu, L. P. Morina","doi":"10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-5-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-5-14","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article is devoted to the phenomenon of modern Chinese theater and aims to explore the ways of its evolution – from imitation of European avant-garde forms of theatrical art to the formation of an original artistic language. An important goal is also to identify the factors that have determined the unique aesthetic and meaningful characteristics of modern Chinese theater.Methodology and sources. As a result of the application of the comparative analysis method, the article compares the theatrical concepts of Ibsen, Stanislavsky and Brecht, which influenced the image of modern Chinese theater.Result and discussion. The special role of the European theatrical avant-garde is shown, namely, the concept of Brecht's dialectical drama, which became widespread in China at the end of the XX century. Over a twenty-year period (from 1959 to 1979), three so-called «Brecht booms» took place in China, radically transforming Chinese traditional theater. However, despite the high popularity of Brecht's ideas, the Chinese Theater did not turn into a literal translator of the European avant-garde, but formed its own artistic style based on traditional structures of audience perception. The key role in this process was played by the national cultural context – socio-political and mental – which determined the specific forms of adaptation of the cultural meanings of the European theater. The history of Chinese avant-garde theater lasts for more than forty years and began in the early 1980s. After experiencing a period of direct borrowing, Chinese theatrical figures came to rethink the European heritage in the context of their own culture. As a result, it was the middle path of Chinese theater development that turned out to be the most productive – a path that absorbed the outstanding artistic ideas of Stanislavsky and Brecht, the modern Western avant-garde, but also without rejecting traditional artistic principles. This is how Chinese theatrical culture has developed with its own unique style.Conclusion. The 20th century became the era of the interchange of Eastern and Western theatrical traditions, which largely shaped the world cultural landscape, in which the interaction of Brecht's theory and traditional Chinese culture forms a special topos.","PeriodicalId":505315,"journal":{"name":"Discourse","volume":"1 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140436371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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