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Representation of a Scientific Supervisor in Internet-Memes 科学导师在互联网备忘录中的表现形式
Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-103-116
N. Stepanova, M. S. Sigaeva
 Introduction. The purpose article is to consider the representation of the image of a  scientific supervisor based on Internet memes containing a multimodal metaphor. The  relevance of the topic is due to the growing interest of the interdisciplinary scientific  community in the study of the Internet meme as a social, linguistic, psychological  phenomenon of interpersonal communication. The scientific novelty of the work is  determined by the fact that until now there have been no attempts to study the  representation of the academic community from the perspective of the theory of conceptual  metaphor using the material of Internet memes. Methodology and sources. The methodological basis of the study was the works of  linguists and cognitive scientists J. Lakoff, M. Johnson, R. Dawkins, V. Aldrich, Ch. Forsville,  B. Dancygier and L. Vandelanotte. The concept of visual metaphor and multimodality is  defined, the role of multimodal metaphor in Internet discourse is described, the features of  the functioning of multimodal metaphor are revealed. The material for the study was  Internet memes representing various aspects of interaction in the academic environment.  To systematize the units, a continuous sampling method was used, along with  pragmalinguistic, contextual and semantic analysis. Results and discussion. The Internet memes containing a multimodal metaphor that  represents the image of a scientific supervisor and illustrates the relationship between  graduate students and their mentors were found and analyzed in the paper. To select the  material, a search containing the keywords “scientific supervisor”, “Phd student”, “advisor”  was performed. The sources of the memes were the podcasts “The Struggling Scientists”,  “The Meming Phd”, “High impact PhD memes”. By selecting keywords, 85 Internet memes  were identified in which metaphorical transfers of the above images were found. Based on  the data obtained, 4 metaphorical models that most clearly illustrate the relationships  between the supervisor and the student were proposed. Conclusion. The study showed that multimodal metaphor is an integral part of modern  Internet communication and is an effective way of influencing the addressee. Internet  memes representing the image of a scientific supervisor were analyzed and systematized;  4 metaphorical mappings (“Scientific supervisor is a loving/caring parent”, “Scientific  supervisor is a Jedi”, “Scientific supervisor is a monster/maniac”, “Scientific supervisor is a  bad boss”) are highlighted and described. It was revealed that the considered Internet memes are characterized by the replacement of the verbal component with a non-verbal  (graphic) one in the target domain or in the source domain. The studied metaphorical  models reflect the most pressing problems of the academic community. The expressiveness  of the metaphor used is achieved through the use of movie characters in the source domain  or target domain. The metaphorical potenti
引言本文的目的是根据包含多模态隐喻的网络流行语,研究科学督导形象的表现形式。该主题之所以具有现实意义,是因为跨学科科学界对作为人际交流的一种社会、语言和心理现象的网络备忘录的研究兴趣日益浓厚。迄今为止,还没有人尝试从概念隐喻理论的角度利用网络备忘录材料研究学术界的表征,这也决定了这项工作的科学新颖性。研究方法和资料来源。研究的方法论基础是语言学家和认知科学家 J. Lakoff、M. Johnson、R. Dawkins、V. Aldrich、Ch. Forsville、B. Dancygier 和 L. Vandelanotte 的著作。研究界定了视觉隐喻和多模态的概念,描述了多模态隐喻在网络话语中的作用,揭示了多模态隐喻的功能特点。研究材料是代表学术环境中互动各个方面的网络备忘录。 为了使研究单元系统化,我们采用了连续抽样法,并进行了语用学、语境和语义分析。结果与讨论本文发现并分析了包含多模态隐喻的网络流行语,这些隐喻代表了科学导师的形象,并说明了研究生与其导师之间的关系。在选择材料时,搜索关键词为 "科学导师"、"博士生"、"导师"。备忘录的来源是播客 "The Struggling Scientists"、"The Meming Phd "和 "High impact PhD memes"。通过选择关键词,确定了 85 个网络流行语,其中发现了上述图像的隐喻转移。根据所获得的数据,提出了 4 个能最清晰地说明导师与学生之间关系的隐喻模型。研究结论研究表明,多模态隐喻是现代网络交流不可或缺的一部分,也是影响收信人的一种有效方式。研究对代表科学导师形象的网络流行语进行了分析和系统化;突出并描述了四种隐喻映射("科学导师是慈爱/关爱的父母"、"科学导师是绝地武士"、"科学导师是怪物/疯子"、"科学导师是坏老板")。研究表明,所考虑的网络流行语的特点是在目标域或源域中用非语言(图形)成分取代语言成分。所研究的隐喻模式反映了学术界最紧迫的问题。所使用隐喻的表现力是通过在源领域或目标领域使用电影人物来实现的。网络流行语作为网络话语的语义-语义单位,其隐喻潜力无疑是一个值得进一步研究的领域。
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引用次数: 0
Mediatization of the Ecological Security in the English Media: Corpus-Assisted Approach 英语媒体中的生态安全媒体化:语料库辅助方法
Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-131-142
L. Kochetova, M. N. Orlaynskaya
Introduction. The relevance of the work is due to the interest of linguistics in the issues of  discursive mediatization of socially significant phenomena in the English-language media, in  particular environmental safety as the most important value of modern society. The scientific  novelty of the study lies in establishing the content of the value “environmental safety” on  the basis of systematization and quantification of semantic fields that are correlated with the  main topics that determine the interpretation of this socially significant phenomenon in the  British media and form a discourse-based thesaurus of its representation. Methodology and sources. The paper used corpus linguistics methods and the  interpretative method of discourse analysis. The empirical basis of the study was a corpus  of media texts of high-quality and popular media devoted to environmental safety issues,  the corpus size was more than 200 thousand words. Results and discussion. Based on corpus analysis, semantic fields were identified that  represent the concept under study in the high-quality and popular British press. It is shown  that in the media narratives of the British media, ES is closely associated with climate change  and global warming. It was revealed that the dominant topics in narratives about  environmental security in both types of media are: 1) the environment; 2) science; 3) politics.  A comparative analysis of the semantic fields showed the predominance of the semantic  field “science” in high-quality media, which indicates rational and logical strategies for  influencing a wide readership. In the texts of popular media, the semantic field “politics”  dominates, which indicates the politicization of the discourse of environmental safety and  indicates a strategy of emotional impact on the addressee. Both corpora emphasize the  issues of climate change, related to unfavourable weather conditions and extremely high  temperatures, however, high-quality press texts mention temperature anomalies much  more often, which indicates an attempt to arouse public concern about the existing threat  and encourage the adoption of necessary measures. Conclusion. The proposed methodology can be used in analyzing the specifics of other  media discursive practices in terms of their discursive-textual organization, in studying the  rhetorical, pragmatic and linguocultural organization of environmental safety discourse in  sociocultural and ideological perspectives.
导言。这项工作的意义在于语言学对英语媒体中社会重要现象的话语媒介化问题的关注,特别是作为现代社会最重要价值观的环境安全。本研究的科学新颖性在于,在系统化和量化语义领域的基础上确定了 "环境安全 "这一价值观的内容,这些语义领域与英国媒体中决定这一社会重要现象解释的主要话题相关联,并形成了以话语为基础的 "环境安全 "表述词库。方法和资料来源。本文采用了语料库语言学方法和话语分析的解释性方法。研究的实证基础是以环境安全问题为主题的高质量大众媒体文本语料库,语料库规模超过 20 万字。研究结果与讨论在语料分析的基础上,确定了在英国高质量媒体和大众媒体中代表所研究概念的语义场。结果表明,在英国媒体的叙述中,ES 与气候变化和全球变暖密切相关。研究表明,在这两类媒体的环境安全叙事中,占主导地位的话题是1)环境;2)科学;3)政治。 语义领域的比较分析表明,"科学 "这一语义领域在高质量媒体中占主导地位,这表明了影响广大读者的理性和逻辑策略。在大众媒体的文本中,"政治 "语义场占主导地位,这表明环境安全话语的政治化,也表明了对受众施加情感影响的策略。两个语料库都强调了与不利天气条件和极端高温有关的气候变化问题,然而,高质量的新闻文本更经常提及温度异常,这表明它们试图引起公众对现有威胁的关注,并鼓励采取必要措施。结论所提出的方法可用于分析其他媒体话语实践在话语-文本组织方面的具体情况,从社会文化和意识形态的角度研究环境安全话语的修辞、语用和语言文化组织。
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引用次数: 0
On the Theoretically Possible Number of Cases in Natural Language 论自然语言中理论上可能存在的案例数
Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-89-102
V. N. Malysheva, A. А. Shumkov
 Introduction. The case, which is a semantic and grammatical category, appears in natural  languages in the most unexpected way. A word or phrase that has a substantive unit at its  core receives an inflection (internal or external) in one case or another, which can be  expressed both explicitly and implicitly, and has a grammatical meaning. In this case,  inflection can be accompanied by a preposition that has a lexical meaning. These case  indicators, morphological and syntactic, organize the main or secondary substantive part of  the sentence, i.e. are related to the category of space. The number of cases today is still the  subject of scientific debate. Methodology and sources. The present study is based on analizing the views of various  scientists on the category of case, with special attention to the theory of L. Hjelmslev.  According to this theory, the maximum possible number of cases in natural language is 216.  In order to provide a purely formal calculation of the possible number of cases, which would  be at the same time independent on the earlier views, the article represents the substantive  part of the sentence as a semifinitive multiplied by a specifier (proto-specifier). These  statements are prescribed by the binomiality idea, having been developed since 1993 at ETU. Results and discussion. The generally accepted division of sentence parts into main and  secondary ones leads us to dividing all possible cases into direct cases (for subject) and indirect  cases (for secondary substantive parts). Thus, the direct case can be obtained by a simple  transformation from any indirect case, i.e. the space specifier goes back to the spatial proto-specifier. The space proto-specifier represents external space added to substantive mass. The  substantive semifinitive is a substantive mass multiplied by internal space. As the binomiality  idea prescribes, substantive masses can be in four states, while substantive semifinitives can be  in six states. Thus, the number of possible case forms should be equal to 24. Conclusion. According to classical physics, space is three-dimensional, so grammatical  space, both external and internal, should also, obviously, be considered three-dimensional.  This means that four states of substantive mass and six states of substantive semifinitives  can be in each of the three dimensions. Thus, the maximum possible number of cases may indeed reach 216. It should be noted that L. Hjelmslev derived the number 216 in a  completely different way, by dint of much deeper reasoning. In the future, it would be  interesting to compare L. Hjelmslev’s binary oppositions with the constituents of substantive  parts of sentence.
简介大小写是一个语义和语法范畴,它以最出人意料的方式出现在自然语言中。一个词或短语的核心是一个实体单位,在这种或那种情况下会出现一个拐点(内部或外部),这个拐点可以明示也可以暗示,并且具有语法意义。在这种情况下,转折可以伴随一个具有词汇意义的介词。这些语态和句法上的情况指标组织了句子的主要或次要实质部分,即与空间类别有关。如今,关于案例的数量仍是科学界争论的主题。研究方法和资料来源。本研究以分析不同科学家对例数范畴的观点为基础,特别关注 L. Hjelmslev 的理论。 根据这一理论,自然语言中最多可能存在 216 种情况。 为了对可能的例数进行纯形式的计算,同时又不拘泥于先前的观点,本文将句子的实质部分表示为一个半定语乘以一个状语(原状语)。这些说法是根据二项性思想提出的,自 1993 年起在欧洲语言大学得到发展。结果与讨论一般认为,句子成分分为主句和次句,因此我们将所有可能的情况分为直接情况(主语)和间接情况(次要实质部分)。因此,直接情况可以通过任何间接情况的简单转换得到,即空间原指回到空间原指。空间原指表示添加到实质部分的外部空间。实质半定语是实质质量乘以内部空间。正如二项式思想所规定的那样,实义质点可以有四种状态,而实义半定语可以有六种状态。因此,可能的情况形式应等于 24 种。结论根据经典物理学,空间是三维的,因此语法空间(包括外部空间和内部空间)显然也应被视为三维的。 这就是说,在三个维度中,每个维度都可以有四种实义质点的状态和六种实义半不定式的状态。因此,最多可能出现的情况确实可能达到 216 种。值得注意的是,L. Hjelmslev 是通过更深入的推理,以完全不同的方式得出 216 这个数字的。将来,将赫姆斯列夫的二元对立与句子实质部分的成分进行比较会很有意思。
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引用次数: 0
Solidarization of Russian Society: a Historiographical Analysis 俄罗斯社会的团结化:历史学分析
Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-39-48
A. Gapsalamov, E. V. Gromov
Introduction. At present the relevance of the problem of solidarity of Russian society is   associated with the attempts of the countries of the Greater West to solve accumulated   problems through building an image of the enemy, which makes it possible to consolidate   national economies and effectively fight opposition forces within the country. In modern   Russian philosophy, a number of approaches to developing the concept of solidarity of   Russian society have developed. Despite this, many aspects of this problem still remain   insufficiently studied. Thus, this study analyzes various approaches to defining the solidarity   of society, which were formed in Russian philosophy; identifies the essential properties of   solidarity, and substantiates the thesis about the need to form new tools and mechanisms   of social order that will allow for the solidarity of society. The purpose of the presented   research is a historiographic analysis of the concept of solidarity in relation to Russian reality.   Methodology and sources. The methodological basis of this study is the principle of unity   of the historical and logical, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis. There were used   as sources the works of classics of Russian philosophical thought who developed the   concept of solidarity (I.S. Aksakov, N.Ya. Danilevsky, etc.), as well as the works of modern   Russian thinkers, such as Yu.V. Shkudunova, A.A. Efanov, allowing to identify the main   aspects of the problem of solidarity of Russian society.  Results and discussion. The authors of this article conducted a historiographical analysis   of the concept of “solidarization”. During the analysis, the main essential properties of   solidarity were identified, such as procedurality, value orientation, ideology, and complexity.   The relevance of the traditions of Russian religious philosophy for the development of the   problem of solidarity is also shown. The authors consider the solidarity of society as a set of   political, economic and sociocultural processes aimed at uniting society around an integral   system of values expressed by a single social ideology.  Conclusion. The modern world is in a phase of political turbulence, which has a direct   impact on all fundamental aspects of society. Their impact can be seen especially clearly in   the example of Russian reality. In these conditions, the survival of Russia depends on the   degree of unity of society as a guarantee of national security. 
导言。目前,俄罗斯社会团结问题的相关性与大西方国家试图通过树立敌人的形象来解决积累的问题有关,这使得巩固国家经济和有效打击国内反对势力成为可能。在现代俄罗斯哲学中,形成了许多发展俄罗斯社会团结概念的方法。尽管如此,对这一问题的许多方面仍然研究不足。因此,本研究分析了俄罗斯哲学中形成的界定社会团结的各种方法;确定了团结的基本属性,并证实了关于需要形成新的社会秩序工具和机制以实现社会团结的论点。本研究的目的是结合俄罗斯现实对团结概念进行历史学分析。 研究方法和资料来源。本研究的方法论基础是历史与逻辑以及分析与综合方法相统一的原则。资料来源包括提出团结概念的俄罗斯哲学思想经典作品(I.S. Aksakov、N.Ya. Danilevsky 等),以及现代俄罗斯思想家的作品,如 Yu.V. Shkudunova、A.A. Efanov 等,从而确定了俄罗斯社会团结问题的主要方面。 结果与讨论本文作者对 "团结 "概念进行了历史学分析。在分析过程中,确定了团结的主要基本属性,如程序性、价值取向、意识形态和复杂性。 俄罗斯宗教哲学传统与团结问题发展的相关性也得到了体现。作者认为,社会团结是一系列政治、经济和社会文化进程,旨在将社会团结在由单一社会意识形态表达的完整价值体系周围。 结论现代世界正处于政治动荡阶段,这直接影响到社会的所有基本方面。以俄罗斯的现实为例,其影响尤为明显。在这种情况下,俄罗斯的生存取决于作为国家安全保障的社会团结程度。
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引用次数: 0
Social Portrait of a Student of a Non-State Higher Education Institution of St Petersburg (on the Example of AN НЕО “University associated with IA EAEC”) 圣彼得堡非国有高等院校学生的社会形象(以НЕОН "与国际原子能机构(IA EAEC)有联系的大学 "为例
Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-59-74
N. P. Kirsanova, V. A. Glukhikh, A. Gonashvili, A. E. Geger
Introduction. Article is the result of a case analysis to study the satisfaction of students of   the AN НЕО “University associated with IA EAEC” with the educational process as one of the   indicators of the quality of education. An analysis of various aspects of student satisfaction   with the activities of the university allows to identify problems in the organization of the   learning process and find the best ways to solve them using available resources. In addition,   determining the overall level of student satisfaction allows making managerial decisions   based on relevant information about the needs of students and the quality of educational   services provided. The purpose of the article is to analyze the degree of satisfaction of   students of AN НЕО “University associated with IA EAEC” with the educational process in   general and their career orientations. This formulation of the question will allow to identify   more accurately the problems and needs of students, as well as to develop   recommendations for improving the quality of the educational process itself.  Methodology and sources. The case-study method was chosen as the methodological   strategy. The main research method in the work is a survey.  Results and discussion. The results of sociological research conducted in the form of a   questionnaire survey are presented. The type of sampling is continuous. According to the   results of the survey, students demonstrate pragmatism and focus on results in the learning   process. Thus, 70.6 % stated that only intrinsic motivation helps them to study. In difficult   competitive conditions, students need to be sure that the profession they get in higher   education will be in demand, that their knowledge will be enough to compete effectively  with other graduates in the labor market. In these conditions, modern students are aimed   not so much at obtaining fundamental knowledge as at acquiring practical skills.  Conclusion. One of the main results of the analysis is the conclusion that the most painful   issues for students are the issues of internship and grant opportunities. The university   management should pay the most attention to these two aspects of satisfaction, i.e.,   internship places and grant opportunities. 
简介本文是НЕО "国际原子能机构(IA EAEC)附属大学 "学生对作为教育质量指标之一的教育过程满意度的案例分析结果。通过分析学生对大学活动的各方面满意度,可以发现学习过程组织中存在的问题,并找到利用现有资源解决这些问题的最佳途径。此外,确定学生满意度的总体水平可以根据学生需求和教育服务质量的相关信息做出管理决策。本文旨在分析НЕО "IA EAEC相关大学 "学生对教育过程及其职业方向的总体满意度。这一问题的提出将有助于更准确地确定学生的问题和需求,并为提高教育过程本身的质量提出建议。 研究方法和资料来源。我们选择了个案研究法作为研究方法。工作中的主要研究方法是调查。 结果与讨论。本文介绍了以问卷调查形式开展的社会学研究的结果。抽样类型为连续抽样。根据调查结果,学生在学习过程中表现出务实和注重结果的态度。因此,70.6%的学生表示,只有内在动力才能帮助他们学习。在困难的竞争条件下,学生需要确保他们在高等教育中获得的专业会有需求,他们的知识足以在劳动力市场上与其他毕业生有效竞争。在这种情况下,现代学生的目标与其说是获得基础知识,不如说是掌握实用技能。 结论。分析的主要结果之一是得出这样的结论:学生最头疼的问题是实习机会和助学金问题。大学管理层应最重视这两方面的满意度,即实习机会和助学金机会。
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引用次数: 0
English Onomatopoeic Verbs of Motion in Literary Works by Lora Owen and Their Translation into the Russian Language 罗拉-欧文文学作品中的英语运动拟声动词及其俄语译文
Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-75-88
M. V. Veselova, E. I. Besedina
 Introduction. The study is focused on English onomatopoeic verbs of motion in the literary   texts for children. A comparative analysis of sentences containing this particular semantic   group of verbs in the original text and in the corresponding sentences of the translated text   is carried out, the main goal being to ascertain whether the translator managed to avoid the   loss of iconicity and preserve iconic features of the original verb in the target language   translation and to what extent.   Methodology and source. The study was conducted on the original texts of 16 short stories   for young children by Laura Owen and the texts of their translations into Russian by   T. Slavnikova and E. Ukhova. The selection of verbs of motion was carried out in accordance   with the dictionary definitions of competent monolingual English dictionaries, which resulted   in clasifying all verbs the meaning “movement in space” as verbs of motion. The corpus of   studied verbs obtained by continuous sampling from the analysed texts amounted to 201   lexemes, 160 of which being of iconic origin. At the second stage of the reseach, a   comparative analysis of original sentences containing onomatopoeic verbs of motion and   their contextual translations was perfomed in order to assess the quality of the translation.   Results and discussion. A high degree of saturation (79.6 %) of the analyzed original tests   with onomatopeic verbs of motion was revealed. The analysis of the translated texts of   L. Owen’s stories for kids by T. Slavnikova strongly indicates a realistic possibility of rendering   anomatopeic verbs of motion into a target language preserving their iconic essence.  Conclusion. It seems apparent that to ensure adequate translation of iconic lexis,   translators should be aware of iconicity theory and phonosemantics, as well as acquire skills   to effectively apply them in practical translation. Further research of this kind translation   might contribute to developing some strategies for translating iconic lexis. 
简介本研究的重点是儿童文学文本中的英语拟声动词。对原文和译文相应句子中包含该语义动词群的句子进行了对比分析,主要目的是弄清译者在目标语言译文中是否成功地避免了标志性的丧失并保留了原文动词的标志性特征,以及在多大程度上做到了这一点。 研究方法和资料来源。研究对象是劳拉-欧文(Laura Owen)为幼儿创作的 16 篇短篇小说原文,以及斯拉夫尼科娃(T. Slavnikova)和乌克霍娃(E. Ukhova)的俄语译文。运动动词的选择是根据权威的单语英语词典的词典定义进行的,结果是将所有表示 "空间运动 "的动词归类为运动动词。通过从分析文本中连续抽样获得的研究动词语料库共有 201 个词条,其中 160 个为标志性词条。在研究的第二阶段,对包含拟声运动动词的原文句子及其上下文译文进行了对比分析,以评估译文的质量。 结果与讨论经分析发现,含有拟声运动动词的原文测试饱和度很高(79.6%)。对 T. Slavnikova 翻译的 L. Owen 儿童故事文本的分析表明,将拟声运动动词翻译成目标语言并保留其标志性本质是现实可行的。 结论很显然,为了确保充分翻译标志性词汇,译者应该了解标志性理论和语音语义学,并掌握在实际翻译中有效应用这些理论和方法的技能。对此类翻译的进一步研究可能有助于制定一些翻译标志性词汇的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Negative Impacts of the High-Tech Implementation in the Russian Higher Education Sector 俄罗斯高等教育领域实施高科技的负面影响
Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-5-17
Anatoliy Stoletov
Introduction. The institute of education in modern society is currently in the process of  serious transformation associated with the large-scale introduction of high technologies,  which is due to a similar process in post-industrial society as a whole. There is a growing  understanding of the negative consequences of digitalization of society and education along  with the understanding of the objective necessity of such transformation. The article  contains an analysis of the negative consequences and problems arising in the course of the  spread of digitalization of higher education in Russia.  Methodology and sources. The methodology of the research is based on the methods of  comparative analysis and extrapolation of transformations of social environment and  anthropological factors under the influence of technological progress in the field of higher  education. The signs of “high technology poisoning” considered by J. Naisbitt in his book  “High Tech – High Touch: Technology and Our Search for Meaning” and the concept of  extensive and intensive types of creativity formulated by A.I. Stoletov are a conceptual basis  for analyzing the impact of high technology on education. Results and Discussion. Seven symptoms of technological poisoning in higher education,  representing the main risks of the modern educational system, their manifestations in the  educational process and prospects in case the existing trend persists, have been considered.  One of the sources of manifestation of these symptoms is the extensive character of creativity  inherent in scientific and technological activity of the society, which stakes on innovative  development and mastering of material aspects of nature. The technogenic character of the  emerging innovation process levels out the activities associated with the intensive type of  creativity, aimed at the meaning-creating and existential aspects of human existence. Conclusion. Minimization of negative consequences presupposes the strengthening of the  humanitarian component in education, allowing to form a culture of “pause of  contemplation” (Grigory Pomerantz), in which technology will acquire, as it was suggested  by J. Naisbitt himself, a fullness of meaning that goes beyond instrumental values into the  realm of ethical and existential ones.
引言现代社会的教育机构目前正处于与大规模引进高科技相关的严重转型过程中,这也是整个后工业社会的类似过程。人们越来越认识到社会和教育数字化的负面影响,同时也认识到这种变革的客观必要性。本文分析了俄罗斯高等教育数字化普及过程中产生的负面影响和问题。 研究方法和资料来源。研究方法基于对高等教育领域技术进步影响下社会环境和人类学因素转变的比较分析和推断方法。奈斯比特(J. Naisbitt)在其著作《高科技-高接触》(High Tech - High Touch:A.I. Stoletov 提出的广泛和密集型创造力概念是分析高科技对教育影响的概念基础。结果与讨论。我们研究了高等教育技术中毒的七种症状,这些症状代表了现代教育系统的主要风险、它们在教育过程中的表现形式以及在现有趋势持续存在的情况下的前景。 这些症状的表现形式之一是社会科技活动所固有的创造性的广泛性,它依赖于创新发展和对自然物质方面的掌握。新出现的创新进程的技术性特征,使与密集型创造力相关的活动变得不那么重要,而密集型创造力的目标是创造人类生存的意义和存在。结论。尽量减少负面影响的前提是加强教育中的人道主义内容,从而形成一种 "沉思的停顿" (格里戈里-波梅兰茨)的文化,正如 J. 奈斯比特本人所建议的那样,在这种文化中,技术将获得超越工具价值而进入伦理和存在价值领域的充实意义。
{"title":"Negative Impacts of the High-Tech Implementation in the Russian Higher Education Sector","authors":"Anatoliy Stoletov","doi":"10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-5-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-5-17","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The institute of education in modern society is currently in the process of  serious transformation associated with the large-scale introduction of high technologies,  which is due to a similar process in post-industrial society as a whole. There is a growing  understanding of the negative consequences of digitalization of society and education along  with the understanding of the objective necessity of such transformation. The article  contains an analysis of the negative consequences and problems arising in the course of the  spread of digitalization of higher education in Russia.  Methodology and sources. The methodology of the research is based on the methods of  comparative analysis and extrapolation of transformations of social environment and  anthropological factors under the influence of technological progress in the field of higher  education. The signs of “high technology poisoning” considered by J. Naisbitt in his book  “High Tech – High Touch: Technology and Our Search for Meaning” and the concept of  extensive and intensive types of creativity formulated by A.I. Stoletov are a conceptual basis  for analyzing the impact of high technology on education. Results and Discussion. Seven symptoms of technological poisoning in higher education,  representing the main risks of the modern educational system, their manifestations in the  educational process and prospects in case the existing trend persists, have been considered.  One of the sources of manifestation of these symptoms is the extensive character of creativity  inherent in scientific and technological activity of the society, which stakes on innovative  development and mastering of material aspects of nature. The technogenic character of the  emerging innovation process levels out the activities associated with the intensive type of  creativity, aimed at the meaning-creating and existential aspects of human existence. Conclusion. Minimization of negative consequences presupposes the strengthening of the  humanitarian component in education, allowing to form a culture of “pause of  contemplation” (Grigory Pomerantz), in which technology will acquire, as it was suggested  by J. Naisbitt himself, a fullness of meaning that goes beyond instrumental values into the  realm of ethical and existential ones.","PeriodicalId":505315,"journal":{"name":"Discourse","volume":"126 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140668923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Development of the Berliner as a Political Person under the Influence of the Urban Cultural Environment 城市文化环境影响下柏林人作为政治人物的发展
Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-49-58
A. M. Tokarev
 Introduction. The article explores the reasons for the emergence of ethnic diversity in the   city of Berlin, encompassing political, historical, geographical, anthropological, and sociological aspects of the urban environment. It also outlines the current issues in German   society that shape the political culture of its people. The relevance of the topic is driven by   the political radicalization of migrants in Germany, particularly in Berlin, resulting from   cultural globalization that impacts traditional political institutions and behavioral models of   the city's residents. The crisis of the liberal-democratic model and the increase in the   number of Eurosceptics also play a significant role in the transformation of the political   culture of contemporary Berliners. Solving the problem of political radicalization of migrants   is equally important for the Russian Federation, especially in St. Petersburg, combining   characteristics of the European urban environment and the polyethnic Russian state, whose   residents consider themselves Russians despite national and cultural differences.   Methodology and sources. The research is grounded in Ernest Burgess's model of   concentric zones. The study relies on research methods such as synthesis, comparison,   analysis, and sociological approaches. Data from the Federal Statistical Office of Germany,   the results of the 2016 elections to the Berlin House of Deputies, the 2021 elections, and the   subsequent 2023 elections, historical data, and findings from other researchers on the topic   served as sources for the study.  Results and discussion. The study identifies features of urban culture shaping the   polyethnic Berlin society, including the ethnic diversity of residents, unique self-identification   of Berliners, the presence of distinct urban districts, squatter movements, and the influence   of architectural and spatial characteristics on the formation of human social behavior. Some   city problems were also highlighted, such as the crisis of formation of a distorted perception   of right and left currents among Berliners, the failure of multiculturalism policies, the   migration crisis, and housing shortages.   Conclusion. The development of a Berliner as a political being is influenced by the   characteristics of the urban environment and certain issues facing the city, where the   residential district, properties of the city's political culture, and ethnic background impact   the political views of its inhabitants 
导言。文章从政治、历史、地理、人类学和社会学等方面探讨了柏林市出现民族多样性的原因。文章还概述了当前德国社会中影响其人民政治文化的问题。本专题的现实意义在于德国,尤其是柏林的移民政治激进化,这是文化全球化影响传统政治体制和城市居民行为模式的结果。自由民主模式的危机和欧洲怀疑论者人数的增加也对当代柏林人政治文化的转变起到了重要作用。解决移民的政治激进化问题对俄罗斯联邦,尤其是圣彼得堡同样重要,因为圣彼得堡结合了欧洲城市环境和俄罗斯多民族国家的特点,尽管民族和文化存在差异,但居民仍认为自己是俄罗斯人。 研究方法和资料来源。研究以欧内斯特-伯吉斯的同心区模型为基础。研究采用了综合、比较、分析和社会学等研究方法。德国联邦统计局的数据、2016 年柏林众议院选举、2021 年选举和随后的 2023 年选举的结果、历史数据以及其他研究人员对该主题的研究成果都是研究的资料来源。 结果与讨论。研究指出了塑造柏林多民族社会的城市文化特征,包括居民的民族多样性、柏林人独特的自我认同、独特城区的存在、棚户区运动以及建筑和空间特征对人类社会行为形成的影响。此外还强调了一些城市问题,如柏林人对左右潮流形成扭曲认识的危机、多元文化政策的失败、移民危机和住房短缺。 结论柏林人作为政治存在的发展受到城市环境特征和城市面临的某些问题的影响,其中居住区、城市政治文化属性和种族背景影响着居民的政治观点。
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引用次数: 0
Why Chinese “Society” is So Called: How Social and Managerial Discourse Caused the Choice of the Word at the Turn of the 19th and 20th Centuries 中国的 "社会 "为何如此称呼?社会和管理话语如何导致 19 世纪和 20 世纪之交对 "社会 "一词的选择
Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-29-38
E. Kremnyov
 Introduction. The purpose of this article is to investigate the reasons for the choice of the   term “shehui” to designate the concept of “society” in China at the turn of the 19th and 20th   centuries. The research novelty of the work is manifested in the complex analysis of social   and managerial discourse of that time and in the identification of factors that influenced the   terminological choice. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the necessity to   understand the processes of formation of social sciences in China, which is important for   the interpretation of modern socio-political processes in the country, including in the   context of modern sociology of management. This is especially important for Russian   sociology, since its area of interest includes the search for mutually beneficial strategies of   interaction between Russian and Chinese societies. And this is impossible without studying   China's approaches to managing the country's development processes, its internal and   external social relations.   Methodology and sources. The study applies a system-historical approach, as well as   discursive, terminological, etymographic and factor analysis. The paper analyzes classical   Chinese texts and works of Chinese enlighteners of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and   also uses some materials collected by modern researchers, in particular, by N.M. Kalyuzhnaya. Results and discussion. The main results of the study were the identification and analysis   of factors (including internal political, social, foreign policy and linguistic factors) that   determined the social and managerial discourse of the period under study and the choice   in favor of “shehui” among the main terms competing for the right to designate the concept   of “society”. Author pointed out that the process of formation of social and managerial   discourse was in line with the gradual decline in the influence of traditionalism and   strengthening of the ideas of anti-monarchism, people's power and self-government.  Conclusion. Author emphasized that the term “shehui” became one of the key terms in the   social and managerial discourse of China at the turn of the century, reflecting global socio[1]political trends. The choice of this term is the result of a complex interaction of various   factors in the formation of discursive practices, which themselves were further modified   under the influence of the term and its derivatives. 
引言。本文旨在研究 19 世纪和 20 世纪之交中国选择 "社 会 "一词来指称 "社会 "概念的原因。研究的新颖性体现在对当时社会和管理话语的复杂分析,以及对影响术语选择的因素的识别。该研究的相关性取决于了解中国社会科学形成过程的必要性,这对于解释中国现代社会政治进程(包括现代管理社会学)非常重要。这对俄罗斯社会学尤为重要,因为俄罗斯社会学关注的领域包括寻求中俄社会之间互惠互利的互动战略。如果不研究中国管理国家发展进程、内部和外部社会关系的方法,就不可能做到这一点。 研究方法和资料来源。研究采用了系统历史方法,以及话语分析、术语分析、词源分析和因素分析。论文分析了中国古典文献和 19 世纪末 20 世纪初中国启蒙者的作品,还使用了现代研究者,特别是 N.M. Kalyuzhnaya 收集的一些材料。结果与讨论。研究的主要成果是确定和分析了决定所研究时期社会和管理话语的因素(包括内部政治、社会、外交政策和语言因素),以及在竞争 "社会 "概念命名权的主要术语中选择了 "shehui"。作者指出,社会和管理话语的形成过程与传统主义的影响逐渐减弱以及反君主主义、人民权力和自治思想的加强是一致的。 结论。作者强调,"shehui "一词成为世纪之交中国社会和管理话语的关键术语之一,反映了全球社会[1]政治趋势。该术语的选择是话语实践形成过程中各种因素复杂互动的结果,而这些因素本身又在该术语及其衍生物的影响下发生了进一步的变化。
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引用次数: 0
The Modification of Mythological Archetypes “son” and “father” in Joyce's Novel “Ulysses” 乔伊斯小说《尤利西斯》中对神话原型 "儿子 "和 "父亲 "的改造
Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-2-117-130
N. A. Karlik
 Introduction. This article delves into the analysis of modifications of mythological and   Christian archetypes in Joyce's work, particularly focusing on the novel “Ulysses” and   examining characters playing familial roles of “son” and “father”. The interest in family ties   is explored considering the atmosphere of creating the novel and biographical aspects.   Family roles are viewed through the modifications of a significant biblical narrative for the   author – the story of the prodigal son. The goal of the analysis was to showcase which vector   the author chose and why to develop this archetypal theme in “Ulysses”. The main role,   adapted to the familial setting through a new interpretation of the parable, was identified   and analyzed as the role of the “prodigal father”.   Methodology and sources. The textual analysis in the article was conducted in the   traditions of post-structuralism: additional intertexts were used to augment the familial   relationships of the novel's characters with new meanings.  Results and discussion. Through the modernization of familial archetypes in the novel, this   article demonstrates how Joyce, as a representative of world literature, treated these   templates. His myth-making involved selectively drawing from source materials that suited   his specific purposes, whether it was the story of Odysseus or the parable of the prodigal   son. He approached the archetypal text liberally, using it as a systematizing mechanism to   elevate contemporary issues to a more universal level.   Conclusion. The article sequentially examines canonical archetypal roles and various   possible readings of the source text, influenced by the author's personal experiences   (biographical) as well as the cultural-historical context, shifting peripheral components of   the parable to dominant positions. 
引言本文深入分析了乔伊斯作品中对神话和基督教原型的修改,尤其侧重于小说《尤利西斯》,并研究了扮演 "儿子 "和 "父亲 "等家庭角色的人物。考虑到小说的创作氛围和传记内容,探讨了对家庭关系的兴趣。 通过对作者的一个重要圣经叙事--浪子的故事--的修改来审视家庭角色。分析的目的是展示作者在《尤利西斯》中选择了哪种载体以及为什么要发展这一原型主题。通过对寓言的新诠释,作者确定并分析了 "浪子父亲 "在家庭环境中的主要角色。 方法和资料来源。文章中的文本分析是按照后结构主义的传统进行的:使用了额外的互文,为小说人物的家庭关系增添了新的含义。 结果与讨论。本文通过对小说中家庭原型的现代化研究,展示了作为世界文学代表的乔伊斯是如何处理这些模板的。无论是奥德修斯的故事还是浪子的寓言,他的神话创作都是有选择性地汲取适合其特定目的的素材。他随意使用原型文本,将其作为一种系统化机制,将当代问题提升到更具普遍性的高度。 结论。受作者个人经历(传记)和文化历史背景的影响,文章依次研究了原型的经典角色和对源文本的各种可能解读,将寓言的边缘部分转移到了主导地位。
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引用次数: 0
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