Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine最新文献

A low-frequency (DC-22.05 kHz), time-varying magnetic field signal (rfe_A1A) was tested against the human-derived SF8628 cell line, a diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG). This study was done to determine the efficacy and mechanism of action of the rfe_A1A signal, in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, an acellular tubulin polymerization assay and an SF8628 cell culture assay increased tubulin polymerization rates and reduced cell division, respectively. Mouse survival models of DIPG, subsequently exposed to the rfe_A1A signal, demonstrated significantly longer survival times and biomarker changes in Ki67 expression, consistent with a slowdown in cell-division rates. The rfe_A1A signal significantly increased survival time in a DIPG model, a novel strategy tested in clinical studies and compassionate use cases.

With an increased urbanization and climate change, the instances of mosquito-borne diseases are on rise leading to risk of epidemics, thus necessitating an effective method towards tackling. Recent advancements in the electrostatic fields have been in discussion for the control of mosquitoes. This study thus investigates the electrostatic charge on mosquitoes using a bespoke device. The charge on a single mosquito was determined to be 52 picocoulomb (pC). The method for charge determination was validated for commercial usage using the parameters specificity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), linearity, precision and robustness. The method was found to be sensitive and reliable; however, it may not fully capture the electrostatic characteristics of mosquitoes as occurring in natural conditions. Data generated for static charge of mosquitoes was used with a proprietary aerosol technology developed by Reckitt where charge attraction between aerosol droplets and flying mosquitoes was used for a better efficacy against the standard market aerosol available. Determination of charge on the mosquitoes forms the stepping stone for advancement of entomological research and development of effective insect control strategies.

This study aimed to examine the impacts of extremely low-frequency (ELF)-electromagnetic field (EMF) on cognitive functions and analgesia in terms of total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) in the experimental pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced epilepsy model. Twenty-four Wistar albino male rats were categorized into four groups: sham, EMF, PTZ, and EMF+PTZ. The rats were repeatedly exposed to alternating 50-Hz and 5-mT EMF for 165 min a day for 7 days. Epileptic seizures were induced with PTZ. The levels of oxidative stress markers were measured. Univariate multifactorial one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey's test were used for pairwise comparisons between groups. A statistically significant difference was observed in the learning and short-term memory levels in the EMF + PTZ group compared with the PTZ group (p < 0.001). Analgesia latency statistically significantly increased in the ELF-EMF and ELF-EMF+PTZ groups compared with both the control and epilepsy groups (p < 0.001). A statistically significant increase in TOS was found in the prefrontal cortex in the PTZ group compared with the sham group (p < 0.001). Also, TOS statistically significantly increased in the hippocampus in both PTZ and ELF-EMF+ PTZ groups compared with the sham group (p < 0.001). ELF-EMF decreased the increased TOS in the hippocampus of rats in the PTZ group.

The present research examines the peristaltic blood flow by applying double diffusive convection confined in a non-uniform channel. The purpose is to study the impact of thermal radiation along with induced magnetic force utilizing the supposition of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The study covers the impact of thermal radiation and double diffusion which has significant implementation in the public health sector. Moreover, the induced magnetic flux, used in Magnetic Resonance Imaging, is for diagnostic purposes in medicines and in therapies. Thermal radiation impact has been revealed under non-linearized Rosseland assumptions. The basic equations are first designed to simulate and then simplified using appropriate non-dimensional components. The resultant equations are numerically solved to evaluate the solution of pressure gradients, velocity, solute concentration, raise pressure, and nanoparticle volume fraction. The effectiveness of different emerging factors defining non-Newtonian hydrodynamic flow, such as the radiation parameter, Prandtl number, Hartmann number, Eckert number, particle volume fraction, electric field, and non-uniform parameter, is graphically demonstrated. The findings reveal the significant impact of Brinkman number on the temperature of the fluid. Thermal diffusion or conductivity increases with the rise in Brinkman number, and consequently the fluid's temperature increases. On the other hand, the decline in the concentration of the fluid is observed with increased Brinkman number. In addition, an increase in Soret and Dufour numbers also enhances the thermal diffusion and temperature which ultimately raises the fluid temperature. Heat radiation directly affects the concentration causing it to increase.

The aim of this study is to investigate the thyroid status of offspring exposed to prenatal 2.45 GHz radiofrequency radiation (RFR). In this study, which is the second phase of our previous study, the thyroids of rats exposed to prenatal 2.45 GHz RFR were examined one year after birth. The mothers of the offspring in the experimental group (n = 8) were exposed to 2.45 GHz RFR (whole-body specific absorption rate (SAR): 12 mW/kg; maximum point SAR: 25 mW/kg) 24 hours per day throughout pregnancy. The mothers in the sham group (n = 8) were kept under the same experimental conditions except for RFR exposure. The offspring in this study were not exposed to RFR after birth and continued their daily lives for one year. When the offspring reached one year of age, they were sacrificed and their thyroids were removed and evaluated. Mann-Whitney U and t tests were used for statistical analysis. Increases in fibrosis (p = 0.038), atypical thyrocytes (p = 0.002) and degenerated follicles (p = 0.007) and colloid reduction (p = 0.002) were found to be significant in the experimental group compared to the sham group. However, the increase in the percentage of apoptosis positive cells (p = 0.006) and H2A.X antibody levels (p = 0.007) showed a statistically significant difference in the experimental group compared to the sham group. This study provides evidence that prenatal exposure to 2.45 GHz RFR can induce persistent histological changes, increase apoptosis, and cause DNA double-strand breaks in thyroid tissue observed one year after birth. These results underscore the importance of further long-term studies to assess developmental risks associated with prenatal RFR exposure.

It is of great importance to study the biological effects of terahertz (THz) waves on human cancer cells for their potential future applications in cancer therapy. However, only a few examples of distinct biological effects have been reported due to the lack of strong THz radiation sources. Here, we report our preliminary investigation using a strong THz source at 1.56 THz with an average power of ~ 10 W and an average intensity of ~129.1 mW/cm² working at a repetition rate of 10 Hz for its macro pulses with duration of ~1 ms and micro pulse duration of ~ 1 ps at a repetition rate of 54.17 MHz from a THz free-electron laser to investigate its biological effects on breast cancer cells in vitro. We observed significant morphological changes in breast cancer cells after 2 hours irradiation and apoptosis after 3 hours irradiation. Most notably, after 4 hours irradiation, we observed obvious cytolysis and the disappearance of most breast cancer cells in the center of the THz beam spot. It is suggested that these biological effects could be attributed mainly to the non-thermal effect of the strong THz waves according to our separate experimental results on the morphological changes of the breast cancer cells induced solely by heat. Our results indicate the potential to leverage the apoptosis and cytolysis of cancer cells induced by strong THz waves for future cancer treatment applications.

Background: Epidemiological studies suggest an association between exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and an increased incidence of malignant, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims to elucidate the fundamental principles and plausible mechanisms by which EMFs may influence physiological and pathological processes that lead to disease development.

Materials and methods: Published reports of oxidative stress, DNA damage, and disease risk related to EMF exposure were examined. The literature review provided the foundation for building a new conceptual model called the Electromagnetic Pathogenesis (EMP) model.

Mechanisms: The EMP model proposes an increase in the probability of electron tunneling through the mitochondrial electron transport chain as the primary pathophysiological mechanism triggered by non-ionizing EMFs. Induced electric fields and quantum tunneling may enhance electron leakage during mitochondrial respiration, which is a major source of free radicals.

Findings: There is a deep connection between quantum tunneling, entropy, and Heisenberg's principle. As a direct consequence of Heisenberg's principle, еlectron tunneling is essentially involved in free radical production and entropy generation in cells. Both normal aging and chronic diseases may be considered as the biologic manifestations of increasing entropy. Heisenberg's principle underlies normal aging and sets the limit to life expectancy.

Social implications: The human brain, particularly the structural and functional networks that support social communication, is highly vulnerable to oxidative stress associated with EMF exposure. Long-term exposure may negatively affect social and reproductive behaviors in both men and women, potentially contributing to a decline in fertility rates and the acceleration of population aging.

Purpose: This study evaluates the protective potential of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) shielding against the adverse effects of 1800 MHz electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from mobile phones on male reproductive indicators in Wistar rats.

Materials and methods: Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 8): i. control (no treatment); ii. EMR exposure; iii. EMR exposure with CFRP shielding. The exposure groups were exposed to EMR from an activated 1800 MHz and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) = 0.897 W/Kg mobile phone for 2 hours/day for 30 days. The shielding consisted of four CFRP prepreg layers (two layers of 210 g/m² and two layers of 450 g/m²), with a total thickness of 2 mm. After the exposure period, sperm analysis (motility, viability, and morphology), serum testosterone, testicular histology, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were examined.

Results: EMR significantly reduced testosterone levels, sperm viability, sperm morphology, diameter of the seminiferous tubule (ST) (p < 0.05), and interstitial cells of Leydig counts compared to the control groups (p < 0.05). The results also revealed a significant increase in MDA levels in the EMR-exposed group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the treatment had a positive effect on the CFRP shield group, as these variables were actually better compared to the EMR group without shield.

Conclusions: CFRP shielding is proven to reduce the negative impacts of 1800 MHz EMR emitted from mobile phone exposure on sperm quality, testosterone levels, histological testicular, and MDA levels of male Wistar rats.

With the rapid development of communication technology, the potential health risk of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) to the nervous system has aroused widespread concern. This study systematically reviews the research progress in the field of EMR-neurological interactions during 2013-2024, revealing its research hotspots and future trends. Based on WOS database, this study adopts bibliometric method combined with visualization technology for multidimensional analysis. The construction of visual maps of countries, institutions, authors, keywords and other elements is realized through CiteSpace and VOSviewer software, which systematically reveals the developmental lineage and knowledge structure of the research field. The study reveals that the field has been growing continuously, with China, Iran and the United States as the core research countries, the Chinese Academy of Military Medical Sciences and other organizations contributing prominently, and Environment International leading the list with an impact factor of 21.90. High-frequency keywords include "adolescents,"hippocampus" and "synaptic plasticity", reflecting the focus of research on neurodevelopmental and functional impairments. The study points out that although the mechanism of the neurological effects of electromagnetic radiation has been achieved, its molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions still need to be further explored. This study provides a systematic reference for scholars around the world, helps to promote the development of the field of neural effects of electromagnetic radiation, and provides a scientific basis for public health protection.

Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (DTMS) has been increasingly used to treat neurological disorders in recent years. However, owing to the complicated configuration of DTMS coils, such as the H1 coil, the electric field induced by it in the personalized human brain is so varied and complex that its transcranial magnetic stimulation performances, especially focusing behavior and depth characteristics, have to be studied and evaluated further before clinical application. Therefore, besides the effects of the excitation frequency of the H1 coils, two types of magnetic shielding blocks (MSBs) with various dimensions were analyzed, and the H1 coil circuit structure with flexible length adjustment and its coil spacing were also investigated in this study. Finally, a machine learning model based on an optimizable tree algorithm was established to rapidly predict the induced electric field in the personalized human brain. Results demonstrated that the half-value depth D_1/2 of the electric field induced by the H1 coil could reach 3.67 cm, which was deeper than that by the figure-of-eight (FOE) coil (<1.6 cm), but its focusing (half-value) volume V_1/2 was 567.94 cm³, larger than that of the FOE coil. After introducing MSBs, reasonably adjusting the coil circuit length and the coil spacing, V_1/2 was reduced to 81.748 cm³, with a slight increase in D_1/2. The proposed machine learning model exhibited a good prediction performance (R² = 0.99, etc.) and only took about 0.014 s to finish predicting the induced electric field in the personalized human brain for rapidly evaluating the H1 coil performance in clinical practices.