Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine最新文献

This study aimed to examine the impacts of extremely low-frequency (ELF)-electromagnetic field (EMF) on cognitive functions and analgesia in terms of total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) in the experimental pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced epilepsy model. Twenty-four Wistar albino male rats were categorized into four groups: sham, EMF, PTZ, and EMF+PTZ. The rats were repeatedly exposed to alternating 50-Hz and 5-mT EMF for 165 min a day for 7 days. Epileptic seizures were induced with PTZ. The levels of oxidative stress markers were measured. Univariate multifactorial one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey's test were used for pairwise comparisons between groups. A statistically significant difference was observed in the learning and short-term memory levels in the EMF + PTZ group compared with the PTZ group (p < 0.001). Analgesia latency statistically significantly increased in the ELF-EMF and ELF-EMF+PTZ groups compared with both the control and epilepsy groups (p < 0.001). A statistically significant increase in TOS was found in the prefrontal cortex in the PTZ group compared with the sham group (p < 0.001). Also, TOS statistically significantly increased in the hippocampus in both PTZ and ELF-EMF+ PTZ groups compared with the sham group (p < 0.001). ELF-EMF decreased the increased TOS in the hippocampus of rats in the PTZ group.

The present research examines the peristaltic blood flow by applying double diffusive convection confined in a non-uniform channel. The purpose is to study the impact of thermal radiation along with induced magnetic force utilizing the supposition of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The study covers the impact of thermal radiation and double diffusion which has significant implementation in the public health sector. Moreover, the induced magnetic flux, used in Magnetic Resonance Imaging, is for diagnostic purposes in medicines and in therapies. Thermal radiation impact has been revealed under non-linearized Rosseland assumptions. The basic equations are first designed to simulate and then simplified using appropriate non-dimensional components. The resultant equations are numerically solved to evaluate the solution of pressure gradients, velocity, solute concentration, raise pressure, and nanoparticle volume fraction. The effectiveness of different emerging factors defining non-Newtonian hydrodynamic flow, such as the radiation parameter, Prandtl number, Hartmann number, Eckert number, particle volume fraction, electric field, and non-uniform parameter, is graphically demonstrated. The findings reveal the significant impact of Brinkman number on the temperature of the fluid. Thermal diffusion or conductivity increases with the rise in Brinkman number, and consequently the fluid's temperature increases. On the other hand, the decline in the concentration of the fluid is observed with increased Brinkman number. In addition, an increase in Soret and Dufour numbers also enhances the thermal diffusion and temperature which ultimately raises the fluid temperature. Heat radiation directly affects the concentration causing it to increase.

The aim of this study is to investigate the thyroid status of offspring exposed to prenatal 2.45 GHz radiofrequency radiation (RFR). In this study, which is the second phase of our previous study, the thyroids of rats exposed to prenatal 2.45 GHz RFR were examined one year after birth. The mothers of the offspring in the experimental group (n = 8) were exposed to 2.45 GHz RFR (whole-body specific absorption rate (SAR): 12 mW/kg; maximum point SAR: 25 mW/kg) 24 hours per day throughout pregnancy. The mothers in the sham group (n = 8) were kept under the same experimental conditions except for RFR exposure. The offspring in this study were not exposed to RFR after birth and continued their daily lives for one year. When the offspring reached one year of age, they were sacrificed and their thyroids were removed and evaluated. Mann-Whitney U and t tests were used for statistical analysis. Increases in fibrosis (p = 0.038), atypical thyrocytes (p = 0.002) and degenerated follicles (p = 0.007) and colloid reduction (p = 0.002) were found to be significant in the experimental group compared to the sham group. However, the increase in the percentage of apoptosis positive cells (p = 0.006) and H2A.X antibody levels (p = 0.007) showed a statistically significant difference in the experimental group compared to the sham group. This study provides evidence that prenatal exposure to 2.45 GHz RFR can induce persistent histological changes, increase apoptosis, and cause DNA double-strand breaks in thyroid tissue observed one year after birth. These results underscore the importance of further long-term studies to assess developmental risks associated with prenatal RFR exposure.

It is of great importance to study the biological effects of terahertz (THz) waves on human cancer cells for their potential future applications in cancer therapy. However, only a few examples of distinct biological effects have been reported due to the lack of strong THz radiation sources. Here, we report our preliminary investigation using a strong THz source at 1.56 THz with an average power of ~ 10 W and an average intensity of ~129.1 mW/cm² working at a repetition rate of 10 Hz for its macro pulses with duration of ~1 ms and micro pulse duration of ~ 1 ps at a repetition rate of 54.17 MHz from a THz free-electron laser to investigate its biological effects on breast cancer cells in vitro. We observed significant morphological changes in breast cancer cells after 2 hours irradiation and apoptosis after 3 hours irradiation. Most notably, after 4 hours irradiation, we observed obvious cytolysis and the disappearance of most breast cancer cells in the center of the THz beam spot. It is suggested that these biological effects could be attributed mainly to the non-thermal effect of the strong THz waves according to our separate experimental results on the morphological changes of the breast cancer cells induced solely by heat. Our results indicate the potential to leverage the apoptosis and cytolysis of cancer cells induced by strong THz waves for future cancer treatment applications.

Purpose: This study evaluates the protective potential of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) shielding against the adverse effects of 1800 MHz electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from mobile phones on male reproductive indicators in Wistar rats.

Materials and methods: Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 8): i. control (no treatment); ii. EMR exposure; iii. EMR exposure with CFRP shielding. The exposure groups were exposed to EMR from an activated 1800 MHz and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) = 0.897 W/Kg mobile phone for 2 hours/day for 30 days. The shielding consisted of four CFRP prepreg layers (two layers of 210 g/m² and two layers of 450 g/m²), with a total thickness of 2 mm. After the exposure period, sperm analysis (motility, viability, and morphology), serum testosterone, testicular histology, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were examined.

Results: EMR significantly reduced testosterone levels, sperm viability, sperm morphology, diameter of the seminiferous tubule (ST) (p < 0.05), and interstitial cells of Leydig counts compared to the control groups (p < 0.05). The results also revealed a significant increase in MDA levels in the EMR-exposed group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the treatment had a positive effect on the CFRP shield group, as these variables were actually better compared to the EMR group without shield.

Conclusions: CFRP shielding is proven to reduce the negative impacts of 1800 MHz EMR emitted from mobile phone exposure on sperm quality, testosterone levels, histological testicular, and MDA levels of male Wistar rats.

With the rapid development of communication technology, the potential health risk of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) to the nervous system has aroused widespread concern. This study systematically reviews the research progress in the field of EMR-neurological interactions during 2013-2024, revealing its research hotspots and future trends. Based on WOS database, this study adopts bibliometric method combined with visualization technology for multidimensional analysis. The construction of visual maps of countries, institutions, authors, keywords and other elements is realized through CiteSpace and VOSviewer software, which systematically reveals the developmental lineage and knowledge structure of the research field. The study reveals that the field has been growing continuously, with China, Iran and the United States as the core research countries, the Chinese Academy of Military Medical Sciences and other organizations contributing prominently, and Environment International leading the list with an impact factor of 21.90. High-frequency keywords include "adolescents,"hippocampus" and "synaptic plasticity", reflecting the focus of research on neurodevelopmental and functional impairments. The study points out that although the mechanism of the neurological effects of electromagnetic radiation has been achieved, its molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions still need to be further explored. This study provides a systematic reference for scholars around the world, helps to promote the development of the field of neural effects of electromagnetic radiation, and provides a scientific basis for public health protection.

Due to the increase in data rate in mobile communication and the widespread use of mobile internet, electromagnetic communication systems are increasing daily. This situation causes increases in the use of more mobile communication devices and environmental non-ionizing Electromagnetic Field (EMF) levels. The rise of bee deaths and colony losses in beekeeping parallel to the increase of the EMF sources cause the concept of "electromagnetic pollution" to be considered among the reasons. Therefore, studying the effects of non-ionizing Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) on the health of living things is one of the most significant issues today. The bees determine their direction with the Earth's magnetic field. Electromagnetic signals emitted by GSM base stations, etc. may affect the direction-finding capabilities of honey bees and constitute a stress factor. In this study, the aim was to determine the effect of EMF on honey bees and honey yield. Honey bee colonies were used, obtained from the same farm in the Trabzon region, and equalized in all respects. Moreover, these colonies were divided into five groups randomly as experiments and control groups. The experiment hives were exposed to the EMF in the frequency band of the Wi-Fi signals (2.4 GHz) and the high-voltage line (50 hz). The control hives are located far away from the EMR sources. The study was repeated in the second year to confirm the results. During the investigation, some physiological and behavioural effects of bees, such as aggressiveness, brood area, etc. were determined based on EMR exposure.

This study examined the impact of 6 GHz (0.054 W/kg SAR) Radiofrequency-Electromagnetic Field (RF-EMF) on prenatal bone development. In this study, 20 female and 20 male Wistar Albino rats divided into four groups. The Control group received no treatment, while in Group-I, only male rats were exposed to RF-EMF, female rats had no exposure. Group-II, both male and female rats received RF-EMF treatment. While in Group-III, only female rats were exposed to RF-EMF, male rats had no exposure. The exposure lasted 4 hours per day for 6 weeks. The rats were then allowed to mate within the group. After pregnancy, pregnant rats (Group-II and III) were exposed 4 hours per day for 18 days. On the 18th day of gestation, fetuses were removed and their weight and various lengths were measured. The skeletal system development of fetuses was examined with double skeletal staining method and assessed ossification in the extremities. In the study, fetal weights, head-tail length, occipital-frontal and parietal-parietal lengths significantly increased in all exposure groups when compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Although occipital-frontal length was smallest in Group-I, Group-II and Group-III were more higher than the control group (p < 0.001). The bones of the anterior and posterior extremities showed significant increases in length, ossification zone length, and ossification percentage in all experimental groups compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Our study showed that rats exposed to 6 GHz (0.054 W/kg) RF-EMF during the prenatal period had significant increases in bone development.

Objective: The aim of this study was to systematically review the preclinical studies that have applied the static magnetic field to wound healing.

Methods: The search strategy was performed in databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, CINAHL and Cochrane Database, and in gray literature. The inclusion criteria were: Pre-clinical studies, either with a separate control/sham parallel-group or cross-over design in rodents that used magnets to treat skin injuries anywhere on the body. The risk of bias tool was the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE).

Results: Eight randomized clinical trials were included. Wound rate area DM experimental vs DM sham [MD = 2.19, 95% CI, (-0.61, 4.99), I² 25%, p = 0.13] and wound rate area - DM experimental vs non-DM control [MD = 3.33, 95% CI, (-1.86, 8.55), I² 63%, p = 0.21] were not statistically significant. A significant improvement in gross healing time in the experimental group DM compared to the DM sham [MD = -4.48, IC 95%, (-7.88, -1.07), I² 38%, p = 0.010]. The same way tensile strength - DM and non DM subgroup analysis showed improved tensile strength in both the non-diabetic and diabetic experiment groups [SMD = 1.36, 95% CI, (0.60, 2.12), I² 0%, p = 0.0005].

Conclusions: Although not statistically significant, the static magnetic field had a positive effect on wound healing in rodents compared to the sham or control group. There was a significant improvement in the assessment of healing time and skin tensile strength.

The current investigation explores tri-hybrid mediated blood flow through a ciliary annular model, designed to emulate an endoscopic environment. The human circulatory system, driven by the metachronal ciliary waves, is examined in this study to understand how ternary nanoparticles influence wave-like flow dynamics in the presence of interfacial nanolayers. We also analyze the effect of an induced magnetic field on Ag-Cu-$A{l}_2{O}_3$/blood flow within the annulus, focusing on thermal radiation, heat sources, buoyancy forces and ciliary motion. The Casson fluid model characterizes the non-Newtonian viscous properties of the biofluid. To describe the steady fluid flow mathematically, we use coupled partial differential equations and apply the homotopy perturbation method to derive rapidly convergent series solutions for the non-linear flow equations. The obtained hemodynamic consequences are graphically represented with the variations of emerging parameters. These are significantly influenced by the rheological factors of the nanofluid flow, improving flow velocity with changes in shear viscosity, while a decrease in flow is observed for intensified Lorentz forces. Ciliary motion accelerates the expansion of the induced magnetic field on nanolayers, while a higher Magnetic Reynolds number decreases the current density distribution. Increased radiative heat generation lowers the temperature, indicating that thermal radiation enhances heat transfer and improves cooling efficiency. In contrast, an increased ciliary length along the wall raises the temperature due to wave-like motion, which strengthens the thermal boundary layer in the fluid flow. Additionally, a higher nanoparticle concentration increases wall shear stress due to frictional forces, while enhanced magnetic forces decrease the shear stress along the ciliary wall. Furthermore, a higher Strommer's number may regulate the formation of blood boluses in the wavy flow. The key findings play an important role in the development of analytical benchmarks to validate computational methods, ensuring accuracy in clinical research tools and supporting reliable medical applications.