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Time-dependent reliability analysis of corroded RC beams based on the phase-type fitting method 基于相型拟合方法的腐蚀RC梁时变可靠度分析
3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.17531/ein/172442
Junxiang Li, Jianqiao Chen, Xinxin Zhang, Zijun Wu
It remains an important challenge to quantitatively describe the corrosion of reinforced concrete (RC) structures under chloride penetration. When considering the uncertainties encountered throughout the life cycle of RC structures exposed to a corrosive environment and evaluating their safety and reliability, the complexity of the problem intensifies. To address these issues, this paper focuses on the time-dependent reliability analysis of corroded RC beams, utilizing the phase-type (PH) fitting method. Initially, a model for the time-dependent reliability of corroded RC beams is established, incorporating the time-dependent chloride diffusion coefficient. Subsequently, a novel PH fitting method is proposed. The effectiveness of this new method is demonstrated through numerical examples. Furthermore, the time-dependent reliability analysis of corroded RC beams is compared using both the PH fitting method and the Monte Carlo simulation. The results reveal that the proposed method can accurately and efficiently deal with time-dependent reliability problems.
定量描述钢筋混凝土(RC)结构在氯离子渗透作用下的腐蚀仍然是一个重要的挑战。考虑到腐蚀环境下钢筋混凝土结构在整个生命周期中所遇到的不确定性,并对其安全性和可靠性进行评估,问题的复杂性随之增加。为了解决这些问题,本文采用相型拟合方法对腐蚀RC梁的时变可靠度进行了分析。首先,建立了考虑氯离子扩散系数的腐蚀钢筋混凝土梁时变可靠度模型。随后,提出了一种新的PH拟合方法。通过数值算例验证了该方法的有效性。此外,采用PH拟合方法和蒙特卡罗模拟方法对腐蚀钢筋混凝土梁的时变可靠度分析进行了比较。结果表明,该方法能够准确有效地处理时变可靠性问题。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of potential improvements in the performance of solenoid injectors in diesel engines 柴油机电磁喷油器性能改进潜力分析
3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.17531/ein/166493
Oleksandr Vrublevskyi, Sławomir Wierzbicki
Efficient fuel injection and exhaust gas cleaning systems are needed to promote the development of high-performance internal combustion systems and decrease greenhouse gas emissions. Electronically controlled injection systems enable nearly unlimited control over system components whose operation is limited by the inertia of moving parts and other physical phenomena. In the present study, a novel technology for manufacturing magnetic cores was proposed to improve the performance of solenoid injectors in Diesel engines. The conducted simulations and experiments revealed that the developed technology can increase the speed of solenoid injectors. In the proposed solution, the fuel dose was split to effectively control the injection process and improve engine performance.
为了促进高性能内燃机系统的发展和减少温室气体的排放,需要高效的燃油喷射和废气净化系统。电子控制喷射系统可以对系统部件进行几乎无限制的控制,这些部件的操作受到运动部件的惯性和其他物理现象的限制。为了提高柴油机螺线管喷油器的性能,提出了一种制造磁芯的新技术。仿真和实验结果表明,所开发的技术可以提高螺线管喷油器的转速。该方案通过对燃油剂量进行拆分,有效控制喷射过程,提高发动机性能。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-criteria optimization of the turning parameters of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy using the Response Surface Methodology 基于响应面法的Ti-6Al-4V钛合金车削参数多准则优化
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.17531/ein.2022.4.7
R. Kluz, W. Habrat, M. Bucior, K. Krupa, J. Sȩp
The paper depicts an application of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for predicting selected parameters in turning of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy using polycrystalline diamond tool. Response surface plots that are generated by the model helps in determining the optimum combination of input factors (cutting speed vc and feed rate f) for best possible surface roughness (Sa), cutting force (Fc)and temperature (T) for dry and cooling turning. The methodology of multi-criteria optimization was used to establish the interaction between input parameters and given responses
本文介绍了响应面法(RSM)在多晶金刚石刀具车削Ti-6Al-4V钛合金工艺参数预测中的应用。由该模型生成的响应面图有助于确定输入因素(切削速度vc和进给速度f)的最佳组合,以获得最佳的表面粗糙度(Sa)、切削力(Fc)和温度(T),用于干式和冷却车削。采用多准则优化方法建立输入参数与给定响应之间的交互关系
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引用次数: 2
Influence of aqueous sodium chloride solutions on operational properties of epoxy coatings 氯化钠水溶液对环氧涂料使用性能的影响
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.17531/ein.2022.4.4
D. Kotnarowska, Aleksandra Żabińska
The main goal of the research presented in the article is to assess the impact of the destruction (degradation) of epoxy coatings, caused by the influence of a 25% aqueous solution of sodium chloride (brine), on the operational properties that determine the coatings reliability (durability). Samples of two-layer epoxy coatings (obtained from powder paints) were aged by immersing them in brine for a maximum period of 1680 h. The following criteria were used to assess the operational properties of the coatings: thickness, roughness and surface morphology, hardness, water absorption (mass increase), surface free energy. The FTIR and DSC tests performed showed a progressive development of the oxidation processes of the epoxy with the ageing period. The long-term impact of the brine resulted in the destruction of the coatings in the form of: craters, grooves, microcracks, including silver cracks. The contact of the coatings with brine also increased their: surface roughness (Ra, Rz, Rmax), thickness, mass, surface free energy, and decreased hardness and heat resistance.
本文研究的主要目的是评估25%氯化钠水溶液(盐水)对环氧涂料的破坏(降解)对决定涂料可靠性(耐久性)的操作性能的影响。两层环氧涂层样品(从粉末涂料中获得)通过将其浸泡在盐水中最长时间为1680小时进行老化。使用以下标准来评估涂层的操作性能:厚度,粗糙度和表面形貌,硬度,吸水率(质量增加),表面自由能。FTIR和DSC测试表明,随着老化时间的延长,环氧树脂的氧化过程逐渐发展。盐水的长期影响导致涂层的破坏,形成坑洞、沟槽、微裂纹,包括银裂纹。涂层与卤水的接触增加了涂层的表面粗糙度(Ra, Rz, Rmax)、厚度、质量和表面自由能,硬度和耐热性降低。
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引用次数: 2
Assessment of the modernized production system through selected TPM method indicators 通过选择TPM方法指标对现代化生产系统进行评价
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.17531/ein.2022.4.8
E. Michlowicz
The subject of the studies is the evaluation of the operation of a production system after modernization. The analysed case concerns the modernization forced by the end of the product lifetime. The proposed methodology is that of a multicriterial evaluation of the system operation after modernization. The evaluation criteria are selected TPM indices: availability of machinery and equipment, production process capacity, product quality and overall equipment effectiveness (OEE). The additional criteria are reliability indices MTBF and MTTR of studied production lines and the MTTR of the most unreliable equipment in each analysed line. A yearly monitoring of production process was proposed for obtaining the statistical credibility of the evaluation results. Additionally, a fuzzy indicator of acceptability of the modernization assessment was proposed. The paper presents the results of studies of the system for production of zinc concentrate from post-production waste. The obtained values of OEE, MTBF and MTTR indicators for the three tested lines make it possible to state that the modernization carried out is acceptable.
研究的主题是现代化后生产系统的运行评价。所分析的案例涉及产品生命周期结束所迫使的现代化。提出的方法是对现代化后的系统运行进行多标准评估。评价标准是选取的TPM指标:机械设备的可用性、生产工艺能力、产品质量和整体设备效率(OEE)。附加标准为研究生产线的可靠性指标MTBF和MTTR以及各分析生产线中最不可靠设备的MTTR。为保证评价结果的统计可信度,建议对生产过程进行年度监测。此外,还提出了现代化评价可接受性的模糊指标。本文介绍了利用生产后废生产锌精矿系统的研究结果。得到的三条测试线的OEE、MTBF和MTTR指标值表明,进行的现代化改造是可以接受的。
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引用次数: 1
Double Layered Priority based Gray Wolf Algorithm (PrGWO-SK) for safety management in IoT network through anomaly detection 基于双层优先级的灰狼算法(PrGWO-SK)通过异常检测实现物联网网络安全管理
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.17531/ein.2022.4.5
Akhileshwar Prasad Agrawal, Nanhay Singh
For mitigating and managing risk failures due to Internet of Things (IoT) attacks, many Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) solutions have been used to detect attacks but mostly suffer from the problem of high dimensionality. The problem is even more acute for resource starved IoT nodes to work with high dimension data. Motivated by this problem, in the present work a priority based Gray Wolf Optimizer is proposed for effectively reducing the input feature vector of the dataset. At each iteration all the wolves leverage the relative importance of their leader wolves’ position vector for updating their own positions. Also, a new inclusive fitness function is hereby proposed which incorporates all the important quality metrics along with the accuracy measure. In a first, SVM is used to initialize the proposed PrGWO population and kNN is used as the fitness wrapper technique. The proposed approach is tested on NSL-KDD, DS2OS and BoTIoT datasets and the best accuracies are found to be 99.60%, 99.71% and 99.97% with number of features as 12,6 and 9 respectively which are better than most of the existing algorithms.
为了减轻和管理由于物联网(IoT)攻击导致的风险故障,许多机器学习(ML)和深度学习(DL)解决方案已被用于检测攻击,但大多存在高维问题。对于资源匮乏的物联网节点来说,处理高维数据的问题更加严重。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种基于优先级的灰狼优化器来有效地减少数据集的输入特征向量。在每次迭代中,所有狼都利用其领导狼的位置向量的相对重要性来更新自己的位置。此外,本文还提出了一个新的包含适应度函数,该函数包含了所有重要的质量度量和精度度量。首先,使用SVM初始化提出的PrGWO种群,并使用kNN作为适应度包装技术。在NSL-KDD、DS2OS和BoTIoT数据集上进行了测试,在特征个数分别为12、6和9的情况下,准确率分别为99.60%、99.71%和99.97%,优于大多数现有算法。
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引用次数: 1
Analysis and prediction of leak detection in the low-pressure heat treatment of metal equipment 金属设备低压热处理检漏的分析与预测
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-08-30 DOI: 10.17531/ein.2022.4.12
S. Klos, J. Patalas-Maliszewska, M. Bazel
The low-pressure heat treatment of metals enables the continuous improvement of the mechanical and plastic properties of products, such as hardness, abrasion resistance, etc. A significant problem related to the operation of vacuum furnaces for heat treatment is that they become unsealed during operation, resulting from the degradation of seals or the thermal expansion of the construction materials. Therefore, research was undertaken to develop a prediction model for detecting leaks in vacuum furnaces, the use of which will reduce the risk of degradation in the charge being processed. Unique experimental studies were carried out to detect leakages in a vacuum pit furnace, simulated using the ENV 116 reference slot. As a consequence, a prediction model for the detection of leaks in vacuum furnaces- which are used in the heat treatment of metals- was designed, using an artificial neural network. (93% for MLP 15-10-1) was developed. The model was implemented in a predictive maintenance system, in a real production company, as an element in the monitoring of the operation of vacuum furnaces.
金属的低压热处理使产品的机械性能和塑性性能不断提高,如硬度、耐磨性等。热处理用真空炉的一个重要问题是,在运行过程中,由于密封件的退化或建筑材料的热膨胀,真空炉会变得不密封。因此,研究开发了一种用于检测真空炉泄漏的预测模型,该模型的使用将减少正在处理的炉料退化的风险。利用ENV 116参考槽进行了独特的实验研究,以检测真空坑炉中的泄漏。因此,利用人工神经网络设计了一个用于检测真空炉(用于金属热处理)泄漏的预测模型。(93%为mlp15 -10-1)。该模型在实际生产企业的预测维护系统中实现,作为真空炉运行监控的一个要素。
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引用次数: 1
Experimental testing of the influence of the operating loading on the flowcharacteristics of hydraulic pump 工作负荷对液压泵流量特性影响的实验研究
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-07-04 DOI: 10.17531/ein.2022.3.19
J. Kosiba, Z. Tkáč, J. Jablonicky, V. Shcherbak, L. Ganushchak-Yefimenko, Martin Paumer, Tetiana Bukoros, Gabriela Čurgaliová, M. Zachar
The contribution deals with the influence of the operating loading on the flow characteristics of the hydraulic pump under laboratory conditions. In the test, a new toothed hydraulic pump and hydraulic oil with kinematic viscosity at 40°C, ν = 64.2 mm2.s-1 were used. The operational loading was measured during the most difficult agrotechnical operation – ploughing, at which the loading of the hydraulic pump is the greatest. Laboratory testing was determined for 200 hours, and the flow characteristics had been detected at 50 hours intervals. Measurement of the flow characteristics was performed at rated speed n = 1,000 rpm. Measurement of the flow characteristics was carried out in dependence on the loading pressure from p = 0 MPa to p = 20 MPa. When p = 0 MPa, the value reached n = 91.70% and when p = 20 MPa, n = 86.68%. Running-in of the hydraulic pump lasted 150 hours, with an increase of the flow characteristics Δηvol = 1.36% (p = 10 MPa) compared to the initial state. After working for 200 hours, the flow rate of the hydraulic pump decreases compared to 150 hours.
在实验条件下,研究了工作载荷对液压泵流量特性的影响。在试验中,采用新型齿状液压泵,液压油的运动粘度为40℃,ν = 64.2 mm2。使用S-1。在最困难的农业技术操作-犁地时测量了工作负荷,此时液压泵的负荷最大。实验室测试时间为200小时,每隔50小时检测一次流量特性。在额定转速n = 1,000 rpm下进行流量特性测量。在p = 0 MPa到p = 20 MPa的加载压力范围内进行了流量特性的测量。当p = 0 MPa时,n = 91.70%,当p = 20 MPa时,n = 86.68%。液压泵磨合150小时,流量特性比初始状态提高Δηvol = 1.36% (p = 10 MPa)。工作200小时后,液压泵的流量与150小时相比减小。
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引用次数: 1
Research on reliability allocation strategy for gear transmission system of high-speed train 高速列车齿轮传动系统可靠性分配策略研究
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-07-04 DOI: 10.17531/ein.2022.3.18
Yibo Ai, P. Cui, Yuanyuan Li, Weidong Zhang
High-speed train industry is in the stage of rapid development, and the reliability allocationstrategy is helpful to improve the reliability of the system and reduce the economic cost ofcomponents. In this paper, the reliability allocation of gearbox transmission system of highspeed train is studied. Combining AGREE allocation method and reliability allocation method based on cost function, the reliability allocation of high-speed train gear transmissionsystem is carried out. Considering the quantity, importance, cost and complexity of variousparts of high-speed train gear transmission system, the feasibility factor of improving reliability based on the cost function allocation method was improved to acquire the improvedcost function, and the reliability optimization allocation model based on the improved costfunction was established. Compared with AGREE allocation method and the traditional allocation method based on cost function, the improved optimization allocation strategy proposed in this paper is more suitable for high-speed train gear transmission system.
高速列车产业正处于快速发展阶段,可靠性配置策略有助于提高系统的可靠性,降低零部件的经济成本。本文对高速列车齿轮箱传动系统的可靠性分配问题进行了研究。结合AGREE分配方法和基于成本函数的可靠性分配方法,对高速列车齿轮传动系统进行了可靠性分配。考虑高速列车齿轮传动系统各部件的数量、重要性、成本和复杂性,对基于成本函数分配法提高可靠性的可行性因子进行了改进,得到了改进的成本函数,并建立了基于改进成本函数的可靠性优化分配模型。与AGREE分配方法和传统的基于成本函数的分配方法相比,本文提出的改进优化分配策略更适用于高速列车齿轮传动系统。
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引用次数: 0
A study of the Inverse Gaussian Process with hazard rate functions-baseddrifts applied to degradation modelling 基于危险率函数漂移的反高斯过程在退化模型中的应用研究
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-07-04 DOI: 10.17531/ein.2022.3.20
L. A. Rodríguez-Picón, L. C. Méndez-González, Ivan Pérez-Olguín, Jesús Israel Hernández-Hernández
The stochastic modelling of degradation processes requires different characteristics to be considered, such that it is possible to capture all the possible information about a phenomenon under study. An important characteristic is what is known as the drift in some stochastic processes; specifically, the drift allows to obtain information about the growth degradation rate of the characteristic of interest. In some phenomenon’s the growth rate cannot be considered as a constant parameter, which means that the rate may vary from trajectory to trajectory. Given this, it is important to study alternative strategies that allow to model this variation in the drift. In this paper, several hazard rate functions are integrated in the inverse Gaussian process to describe its drift in the aims of individually characterize degradation trajectories. The proposed modelling scheme is illustrated in two case studies, from which the best fitting model is selected via information criteria, a discussion of the flexibility of the proposed models is provided according to the obtained results.
退化过程的随机建模需要考虑不同的特征,这样才有可能捕捉到所研究现象的所有可能信息。在一些随机过程中,一个重要的特性被称为漂移;具体地说,漂移允许获得有关感兴趣的特性的生长降解率的信息。在某些现象中,生长速率不能被视为一个常数参数,这意味着在不同的轨迹中生长速率可能是不同的。鉴于此,研究允许在漂移中模拟这种变化的替代策略是很重要的。本文在反高斯过程中集成了几个危险率函数来描述其漂移,目的是单独表征退化轨迹。通过两个案例对所提出的建模方案进行了说明,通过信息准则选择了最佳拟合模型,并根据所得结果对所提出模型的灵活性进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 1
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Eksploatacja I Niezawodnosc-Maintenance and Reliability
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