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Linear time algorithm for the vertex-edge domination problem in convex bipartite graphs
IF 0.9 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.disopt.2024.100877
Yasemin Büyükçolak
Given a graph G=(V,E), a vertex uV ve-dominates all edges incident to any vertex in the closed neighborhood N[u]. A subset DV is a vertex-edge dominating set if, for each edge eE, there exists a vertex uD such that u ve-dominates e. The objective of the ve-domination problem is to find a minimum cardinality ve-dominating set in G. In this paper, we present a linear time algorithm to find a minimum cardinality ve-dominating set for convex bipartite graphs, which is a superclass of bipartite permutation graphs and a subclass of bipartite graphs, where the ve-domination problem is solvable in linear time and NP-complete, respectively. We also establish the relationship γve=ive for convex bipartite graphs. Our approach leverages a chain decomposition of convex bipartite graphs, allowing for efficient identification of minimum ve-dominating sets and extending algorithmic insights into ve-domination for specific structured graph classes.
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “A polyhedral study of lifted multicuts” [Discrete Optim. 47 (2023) 100757]
IF 0.9 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.disopt.2024.100876
Bjoern Andres , Silvia Di Gregorio , Jannik Irmai , Jan-Hendrik Lange
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引用次数: 0
Integer points in the degree-sequence polytope
IF 0.9 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.disopt.2024.100867
Eleonore Bach , Friedrich Eisenbrand , Rom Pinchasi
An integer vector bZd is a degree sequence if there exists a hypergraph with vertices {1,,d} such that each bi is the number of hyperedges containing i. The degree-sequence polytope Zd is the convex hull of all degree sequences. We show that all but a 2Ω(d) fraction of integer vectors in the degree sequence polytope are degree sequences. Furthermore, the corresponding hypergraph of these points can be computed in time 2O(d) via linear programming techniques. This is substantially faster than the 2O(d2) running time of the current-best algorithm for the degree-sequence problem. We also show that for d98, Zd contains integer points that are not degree sequences. Furthermore, we prove that both the degree sequence problem itself and the linear optimization problem over Zd are NP-hard. The latter complements a recent result of Deza et al. (2018) who provide an algorithm that is polynomial in d and the number of hyperedges.
{"title":"Integer points in the degree-sequence polytope","authors":"Eleonore Bach ,&nbsp;Friedrich Eisenbrand ,&nbsp;Rom Pinchasi","doi":"10.1016/j.disopt.2024.100867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.disopt.2024.100867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An integer vector <span><math><mrow><mi>b</mi><mo>∈</mo><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> is a <em>degree sequence</em> if there exists a hypergraph with vertices <span><math><mrow><mo>{</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>}</mo></mrow></math></span> such that each <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> is the number of hyperedges containing <span><math><mi>i</mi></math></span>. The <em>degree-sequence polytope</em> <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> is the convex hull of all degree sequences. We show that all but a <span><math><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mi>Ω</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></msup></math></span> fraction of integer vectors in the degree sequence polytope are degree sequences. Furthermore, the corresponding hypergraph of these points can be computed in time <span><math><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></msup></math></span> via linear programming techniques. This is substantially faster than the <span><math><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></msup></math></span> running time of the current-best algorithm for the degree-sequence problem. We also show that for <span><math><mrow><mi>d</mi><mo>⩾</mo><mn>98</mn></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> contains integer points that are not degree sequences. Furthermore, we prove that both the degree sequence problem itself and the linear optimization problem over <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> are <span><math><mi>NP</mi></math></span>-hard. The latter complements a recent result of Deza et al. (2018) who provide an algorithm that is polynomial in <span><math><mi>d</mi></math></span> and the number of hyperedges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50571,"journal":{"name":"Discrete Optimization","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100867"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Solving hard bi-objective knapsack problems using deep reinforcement learning
IF 0.9 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.disopt.2025.100879
Hadi Charkhgard , Hanieh Rastegar Moghaddam , Ali Eshragh , Sasan Mahmoudinazlou , Kimia Keshanian
We study a class of bi-objective integer programs known as bi-objective knapsack problems (BOKPs). Our research focuses on the development of innovative exact and approximate solution methods for BOKPs by synergizing algorithmic concepts from two distinct domains: multi-objective integer programming and (deep) reinforcement learning. While novel reinforcement learning techniques have been applied successfully to single-objective integer programming in recent years, a corresponding body of work is yet to be explored in the field of multi-objective integer programming. This study is an effort to bridge this existing gap in the literature. Through a computational study, we demonstrate that although it is feasible to develop exact reinforcement learning-based methods for solving BOKPs, they come with significant computational costs. Consequently, we recommend an alternative research direction: approximating the entire nondominated frontier using deep reinforcement learning-based methods. We introduce two such methods, which extend classical methods from the multi-objective integer programming literature, and illustrate their ability to rapidly produce high-quality approximations.
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引用次数: 0
Uniform capacitated facility location with outliers/penalties
IF 0.9 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.disopt.2025.100878
Rajni Dabas, Neelima Gupta
In this paper, we present a framework to design approximation algorithms for capacitated facility location problems with penalties/outliers. We apply our framework to obtain first approximations for capacitated k-facility location problem with penalties (CkFLwP) and capacitated facility location problem with outliers (CFLwO), for hard uniform capacities. Our solutions incur slight violations in capacities, (1+ϵ) for the problems without cardinality(k) constraint and (2+ϵ) for the problems with the cardinality constraint. For the outlier variant, we also incur a small loss (1+ϵ) in outliers. To the best of our knowledge, no results are known for CFLwO and CkFLwP in the literature. For uniform facility opening cost, we get rid of violation in capacities for CFLwO. Our approach is based on LP rounding technique.
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引用次数: 0
On the pure fixed charge transportation problem
IF 0.9 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.disopt.2024.100875
Pengfei Zhu , Guangting Chen , Yong Chen , An Zhang
The pure fixed charge transportation problem is a well-known variant of the classic transportation problem where the cost of sending goods from a source to a destination only equals a fixed charge, regardless of the flow quantity. The objective is to minimize the total cost of shipping available goods to meet the required demands. Hence, we first demonstrate that this problem is NP-hard even when there are only two destinations, and it is Strong NP-hard when the number of destinations is input. These two new complexity results are an important supplement to the previous complexity results of this problem. Then, we propose two simple but novel approximation algorithms with a constant worst-case ratio, which is proved using an integer convex optimization model. Although our approximation algorithm applies to a few destinations, to our knowledge, it is the first approximation algorithm to handle the pure fixed-charge transportation problem.
{"title":"On the pure fixed charge transportation problem","authors":"Pengfei Zhu ,&nbsp;Guangting Chen ,&nbsp;Yong Chen ,&nbsp;An Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.disopt.2024.100875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.disopt.2024.100875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The <em>pure fixed charge transportation problem</em> is a well-known variant of the classic transportation problem where the cost of sending goods from a source to a destination only equals a fixed charge, regardless of the flow quantity. The objective is to minimize the total cost of shipping available goods to meet the required demands. Hence, we first demonstrate that this problem is NP-hard even when there are only two destinations, and it is Strong NP-hard when the number of destinations is input. These two new complexity results are an important supplement to the previous complexity results of this problem. Then, we propose two simple but novel approximation algorithms with a constant worst-case ratio, which is proved using an integer convex optimization model. Although our approximation algorithm applies to a few destinations, to our knowledge, it is the first approximation algorithm to handle the pure fixed-charge transportation problem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50571,"journal":{"name":"Discrete Optimization","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100875"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A polynomial-time algorithm for conformable coloring on regular bipartite and subcubic graphs 正则二部图和次三次图上的合着色的多项式时间算法
IF 0.9 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.disopt.2024.100865
Luerbio Faria, Mauro Nigro, Diana Sasaki
In 1988, Chetwynd and Hilton observed that a (Δ+1)-total coloring induces a vertex coloring in the graph, they called it conformable. A (Δ+1)-vertex coloring of a graph G=(V,E) is called conformable if the number of color classes of parity different from that of |V| is at most the deficiency def(G)=vV(ΔdG(v)) of G, where dG(v) is the degree of a vertex v of V. In 1994, McDiarmid and Sánchez-Arroyo proved that deciding whether a graph G has (Δ+1)-total coloring is NP-complete even when G is k-regular bipartite with k3. However, the time-complexity of the problem of determining whether a graph admits a conformable coloring (Conformability problem) remains unknown. In this paper, we prove that Conformability problem is polynomial solvable for the class of k-regular bipartite and for the class of subcubic graphs.
在1988年,Chetwynd和Hilton观察到(Δ+1)-total着色在图中引起顶点着色,他们称之为顺应着色。图G=(V,E)的A (Δ+1)-顶点着色,如果与|V|的奇偶性不同的色类数最多等于G的缺陷def(G)=∑V∈V(Δ−dG(V)),其中dG(V)是V的顶点V的度。1994年,McDiarmid和Sánchez-Arroyo证明了判定图G是否具有(Δ+1)-全着色是np完全的,即使G是k≥3的k正则二部。然而,确定图是否允许符合着色问题(符合问题)的时间复杂度仍然是未知的。本文证明了k正则二部图和次三次图的一致性问题是多项式可解的。
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引用次数: 0
Generalized min-up/min-down polytopes 广义最小上/最小下多面体
IF 0.9 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.disopt.2024.100866
Cécile Rottner
Consider a time horizon and a set of N possible states for a given system. The system must be in exactly one state at a time. In this paper, we generalize classical results on min-up/min-down constraints for a 2-state system to an N-state system with N3. The minimum-time constraints enforce that if the system switches to state i at time t, then it must remain in state i for a minimum number of time steps. The minimum-time polytope is defined as the convex hull of integer solutions satisfying the minimum-time constraints. A variant of minimum-time constraints is also considered, namely the no-spike constraints. They enforce that if state i is switched on at time t, the system must remain on states ji during a minimum time. Symmetrically, they also enforce that if state i is switched off at time t, the system must remain on states j<i during a minimum time. The no-spike polytope is defined as the convex hull of integer solutions satisfying the no-spike constraints. For both the minimum-time polytope and the no-spike polytope, we introduce families of valid inequalities. We prove that these inequalities are facet-defining and lead to a complete description of polynomial size for each polytope.
考虑一个给定系统的时间范围和一组N种可能状态。系统每次只能处于一种状态。在本文中,我们将经典的关于2态系统最小上/最小下约束的结果推广到N≥3的N态系统。最小时间约束强制要求,如果系统在时间t切换到状态i,那么它必须保持状态i的最小时间步长。最小时间多面体定义为满足最小时间约束的整数解的凸包。还考虑了最小时间约束的一种变体,即无尖峰约束。它们强制要求如果状态i在时间t开启,系统必须在最小时间内保持状态j≥i。对称地,它们还强制执行,如果状态i在时间t关闭,则系统必须在最小时间内保持状态j<;i。无尖峰多面体定义为满足无尖峰约束的整数解的凸包。对于最小时间多面体和无尖峰多面体,我们引入了有效不等式族。我们证明了这些不等式是面定义的,并给出了每个多面体多项式大小的完整描述。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “Bilevel time minimizing transportation problem” [Discrete Optim.] 5 (4) (2008) 714–723 双层时间最小化运输问题 "更正 [Discrete Optim.] 5 (4) (2008) 714-723
IF 0.9 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.disopt.2024.100863
Sonia , Ankit Khandelwal
This is a corrigendum to our research paper titled “Bilevel time minimizing transportation problem” published in 2008. We deeply regret a minor error in the formulation of an intermediate problem solved as part of the algorithm. The intermediate problem, (TP)tT, used to iteratively generate the prospective solution pairs, was initially modeled as a linear programming problem. But the correct formulation of its objective function now involves a binary function, thus making it an NP-hard problem. The algorithm is no longer polynomially bound as it involves solving a finite number of mixed 0-1 programming problems. The manuscript’s original contribution stands correct and there is no change to the structure or the accuracy of the algorithm. The changes required to the original paper, due to this error, are presented in this corrigendum.
这是对我们 2008 年发表的题为 "双层时间最小化运输问题 "的研究论文的更正。我们对作为算法一部分的中间问题的表述中的一个小错误深表遗憾。用于迭代生成预期解对的中间问题 (TP)tT 最初被建模为线性规划问题。但其目标函数的正确表述现在涉及二元函数,从而使其成为一个 NP-困难问题。该算法不再具有多项式约束,因为它涉及求解有限数量的混合 0-1 编程问题。手稿的原始贡献是正确的,算法的结构和准确性没有改变。本更正介绍了因这一错误而需要对原论文进行的修改。
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引用次数: 0
Anchor-robust project scheduling with non-availability periods 具有不可用时段的锚固型项目进度安排
IF 0.9 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.disopt.2024.100864
Pascale Bendotti , Luca Brunod Indrigo , Philippe Chrétienne , Bruno Escoffier
In large-scale scheduling applications, it is often decisive to find reliable schedules prior to the execution of the project. Most of the time however, data is affected by various sources of uncertainty. Robust optimization is used to overcome this imperfect knowledge. Anchor robustness, as introduced in the literature for processing time uncertainty, makes it possible to guarantee job starting times for a subset of jobs. In this paper, anchor robustness is extended to the case where uncertain non-availability periods must be taken into account. Three problems are considered in the case of budgeted uncertainty: checking that a given subset of jobs is anchored in a given schedule, finding a schedule of minimal makespan in which a given subset of jobs is anchored and finding an anchored subset of maximum weight in a given schedule. Polynomial time algorithms are proposed for the first two problems while an inapproximability result is given for the third one.
在大规模日程安排应用中,在项目执行前找到可靠的日程安排往往具有决定性意义。然而,在大多数情况下,数据会受到各种不确定因素的影响。稳健优化就是用来克服这种不完善的知识。文献中针对处理时间不确定性提出的锚稳健性,可以保证工作子集的工作开始时间。本文将锚稳健性扩展到必须考虑不确定不可用时段的情况。在预算不确定的情况下,本文考虑了三个问题:检查给定计划中是否锚定了给定的工作子集;找到一个最小有效期的计划,其中锚定了给定的工作子集;找到给定计划中权重最大的锚定子集。针对前两个问题提出了多项式时间算法,针对第三个问题给出了不可逼近性结果。
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引用次数: 0
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Discrete Optimization
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