This study aimed to evaluate the measurement properties of two emerging psychological resilience (PR) measures constructed for use in large national data sources and to test their reliability across social axes including race/ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status. Using 2006/2008 data, the Simplified Resilience Score (SRS) and the Add Health Resilience Scale (AHRS) were tested using overall and multi-group measurement models in a structural equation modeling (SEM) framework. Both PR measures perform well as reliable, one factor latent constructs capturing adaptive capacity at various life stages. Both measures showed measurement consistency across social axes, with specific differences in item measurement across some racial/ethnic groups. The results indicate these measures represent high quality, consistent measures of PR in nationally representative aging and health data. The availability of reliable, valid measures of PR enables consistent evaluation of resilience in health and aging processes.
{"title":"Measuring Psychological Resilience in Aging: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health)","authors":"Miles G Taylor, Tyler Bruefach, Dawn C Carr","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study aimed to evaluate the measurement properties of two emerging psychological resilience (PR) measures constructed for use in large national data sources and to test their reliability across social axes including race/ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Using 2006/2008 data, the Simplified Resilience Score (SRS) and the Add Health Resilience Scale (AHRS) were tested using overall and multi-group measurement models in a structural equation modeling (SEM) framework.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Both PR measures perform well as reliable, one factor latent constructs capturing adaptive capacity at various life stages. Both measures showed measurement consistency across social axes, with specific differences in item measurement across some racial/ethnic groups.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The results indicate these measures represent high quality, consistent measures of PR in nationally representative aging and health data. The availability of reliable, valid measures of PR enables consistent evaluation of resilience in health and aging processes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507173,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139841443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grace Gahlon, Emmanuel E. Garcia Morales, Lama Assi, Nicholas S Reed
The objectives of this study are to identify patterns of hearing aid usage among U.S. National Health & Aging Trends Study (NHATS) participants and to examine users’ characteristics associated with each pattern. Using data from 666 adults ages 65 and above from NHATS, we analyzed individuals’ self-reported hearing aid use from eight waves of data, 2011 to 2018, using group-based trajectory modelling to identify clusters of individuals with similar utilization patterns of use over time. Potential risk factors associated with membership to a specific group included baseline sociodemographic characteristics, problems with activities of daily living (ADLs), presence of a caregiver, and experiencing problems with their hearing aid. We compute and analyze the odds ratios between individuals’ baseline characteristics and group membership. We identified three utilization group patterns: continued use (n = 510, 76.6%), interrupted use (n = 121, 18.2%), and ceased use (n = 35, 5.2%). Individuals with an income under the poverty line had 2.9 (95% CI: [1.09, 7.75]) and 2.7 times (95% CI: [1.38, 5.27]) the odds of being in the interrupted and ceased use group, respectively, compared to the continued use group. Other risk factors for interrupted and ceased use included lower education and having a caregiver. Nearly a quarter of hearing aid users experience interrupted or ceased use of hearing aids. Socioeconomic factors, such as age, income, and education, may be relevant for how individuals use assistive medical devices over time and could inform policymakers to support maintained use of hearing aids.
{"title":"Factors associated with longitudinal patterns of hearing aid use","authors":"Grace Gahlon, Emmanuel E. Garcia Morales, Lama Assi, Nicholas S Reed","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The objectives of this study are to identify patterns of hearing aid usage among U.S. National Health & Aging Trends Study (NHATS) participants and to examine users’ characteristics associated with each pattern.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Using data from 666 adults ages 65 and above from NHATS, we analyzed individuals’ self-reported hearing aid use from eight waves of data, 2011 to 2018, using group-based trajectory modelling to identify clusters of individuals with similar utilization patterns of use over time. Potential risk factors associated with membership to a specific group included baseline sociodemographic characteristics, problems with activities of daily living (ADLs), presence of a caregiver, and experiencing problems with their hearing aid. We compute and analyze the odds ratios between individuals’ baseline characteristics and group membership.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We identified three utilization group patterns: continued use (n = 510, 76.6%), interrupted use (n = 121, 18.2%), and ceased use (n = 35, 5.2%). Individuals with an income under the poverty line had 2.9 (95% CI: [1.09, 7.75]) and 2.7 times (95% CI: [1.38, 5.27]) the odds of being in the interrupted and ceased use group, respectively, compared to the continued use group. Other risk factors for interrupted and ceased use included lower education and having a caregiver.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Nearly a quarter of hearing aid users experience interrupted or ceased use of hearing aids. Socioeconomic factors, such as age, income, and education, may be relevant for how individuals use assistive medical devices over time and could inform policymakers to support maintained use of hearing aids.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507173,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139788475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grace Gahlon, Emmanuel E. Garcia Morales, Lama Assi, Nicholas S Reed
The objectives of this study are to identify patterns of hearing aid usage among U.S. National Health & Aging Trends Study (NHATS) participants and to examine users’ characteristics associated with each pattern. Using data from 666 adults ages 65 and above from NHATS, we analyzed individuals’ self-reported hearing aid use from eight waves of data, 2011 to 2018, using group-based trajectory modelling to identify clusters of individuals with similar utilization patterns of use over time. Potential risk factors associated with membership to a specific group included baseline sociodemographic characteristics, problems with activities of daily living (ADLs), presence of a caregiver, and experiencing problems with their hearing aid. We compute and analyze the odds ratios between individuals’ baseline characteristics and group membership. We identified three utilization group patterns: continued use (n = 510, 76.6%), interrupted use (n = 121, 18.2%), and ceased use (n = 35, 5.2%). Individuals with an income under the poverty line had 2.9 (95% CI: [1.09, 7.75]) and 2.7 times (95% CI: [1.38, 5.27]) the odds of being in the interrupted and ceased use group, respectively, compared to the continued use group. Other risk factors for interrupted and ceased use included lower education and having a caregiver. Nearly a quarter of hearing aid users experience interrupted or ceased use of hearing aids. Socioeconomic factors, such as age, income, and education, may be relevant for how individuals use assistive medical devices over time and could inform policymakers to support maintained use of hearing aids.
{"title":"Factors associated with longitudinal patterns of hearing aid use","authors":"Grace Gahlon, Emmanuel E. Garcia Morales, Lama Assi, Nicholas S Reed","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The objectives of this study are to identify patterns of hearing aid usage among U.S. National Health & Aging Trends Study (NHATS) participants and to examine users’ characteristics associated with each pattern.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Using data from 666 adults ages 65 and above from NHATS, we analyzed individuals’ self-reported hearing aid use from eight waves of data, 2011 to 2018, using group-based trajectory modelling to identify clusters of individuals with similar utilization patterns of use over time. Potential risk factors associated with membership to a specific group included baseline sociodemographic characteristics, problems with activities of daily living (ADLs), presence of a caregiver, and experiencing problems with their hearing aid. We compute and analyze the odds ratios between individuals’ baseline characteristics and group membership.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We identified three utilization group patterns: continued use (n = 510, 76.6%), interrupted use (n = 121, 18.2%), and ceased use (n = 35, 5.2%). Individuals with an income under the poverty line had 2.9 (95% CI: [1.09, 7.75]) and 2.7 times (95% CI: [1.38, 5.27]) the odds of being in the interrupted and ceased use group, respectively, compared to the continued use group. Other risk factors for interrupted and ceased use included lower education and having a caregiver.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Nearly a quarter of hearing aid users experience interrupted or ceased use of hearing aids. Socioeconomic factors, such as age, income, and education, may be relevant for how individuals use assistive medical devices over time and could inform policymakers to support maintained use of hearing aids.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507173,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"11974 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139848438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haeyoon Chang, Janet Jock, Molly S Rosenberg, Tsai-Chin Cho, Thomas A Gaziano, Lynda Lisabeth, Lindsay C Kobayashi
Hypertension is a major modifiable contributor to disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa. We exploited an expansion to age eligibility for men in South Africa’s non-contributory public pension to assess the impact of pension eligibility on hypertension in a rural, low-income South African setting. Data were from 1,247 men aged ≥60 in the population-representative Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI) in 2014/15. We identified cohorts of men from zero (controls, aged ≥65 at pension expansion) through five years of additional pension eligibility based on their birth year. Using the modified Framingham Heart Study hypertension risk prediction model, and the Wand et al. model modified for the South African population, we estimated the difference in the probabilities of hypertension for men who benefitted from the pension expansion relative to the control. We conducted a negative control analysis among older women, who were not eligible for pension expansion, to assess the robustness of our findings. Older men with five additional years of pension eligibility had a 6.9 to 8.1 percentage point greater probability of hypertension than expected without the pension expansion eligibility. After accounting for birth cohort effects through a negative control analysis involving older women reduced estimates to a 3.0 to a 5.2 percentage point greater probability of hypertension than expected. We observed a mean 0.2 percentage point increase in the probability of hypertension per additional year of pension eligibility, but this trend was not statistically significant. While the Older Person’s Grant is important for improving the financial circumstances of older adults and their families in South Africa, expanded pension eligibility may have a small, negative short-term effect on hypertension among older men in this rural, South African setting.
{"title":"The Impact of the Older Person’s Grant Expansion on Hypertension Among Older Men in Rural South Africa: Findings from the HAALSI cohort","authors":"Haeyoon Chang, Janet Jock, Molly S Rosenberg, Tsai-Chin Cho, Thomas A Gaziano, Lynda Lisabeth, Lindsay C Kobayashi","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Hypertension is a major modifiable contributor to disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa. We exploited an expansion to age eligibility for men in South Africa’s non-contributory public pension to assess the impact of pension eligibility on hypertension in a rural, low-income South African setting.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Data were from 1,247 men aged ≥60 in the population-representative Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI) in 2014/15. We identified cohorts of men from zero (controls, aged ≥65 at pension expansion) through five years of additional pension eligibility based on their birth year. Using the modified Framingham Heart Study hypertension risk prediction model, and the Wand et al. model modified for the South African population, we estimated the difference in the probabilities of hypertension for men who benefitted from the pension expansion relative to the control. We conducted a negative control analysis among older women, who were not eligible for pension expansion, to assess the robustness of our findings.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Older men with five additional years of pension eligibility had a 6.9 to 8.1 percentage point greater probability of hypertension than expected without the pension expansion eligibility. After accounting for birth cohort effects through a negative control analysis involving older women reduced estimates to a 3.0 to a 5.2 percentage point greater probability of hypertension than expected. We observed a mean 0.2 percentage point increase in the probability of hypertension per additional year of pension eligibility, but this trend was not statistically significant.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 While the Older Person’s Grant is important for improving the financial circumstances of older adults and their families in South Africa, expanded pension eligibility may have a small, negative short-term effect on hypertension among older men in this rural, South African setting.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507173,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"48 S234","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139794434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fengyan Tang, Ke Li, Yi Wang, Yuyang Zhu, Yanping Jiang
Social disconnectedness and loneliness pose significant challenges for older Chinese immigrants. Yet, it remains unclear whether they are associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline in this population. This study aimed to investigate the association of social disconnectedness and loneliness with cognitive functioning and examine the moderation role of neighborhood contexts. This longitudinal analysis examined a sample of individuals aged 60 years and older from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (N=2,044). Global cognition was assessed using the averaged z-scores of cognitive performance tests. Social disconnectedness was constructed using five indicators about structural aspects of social relationships. Loneliness was assessed with the R-UCLA loneliness scale. Neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) and neighborhood segregation index (NSI) were constructed using 2010-2014 American Community Survey data at the census tract level. Individual perceptions about neighborhood environments were used to construct neighborhood cohesion index (NCI) and neighborhood disorder index (NDI). Latent growth curve models with adjusted cluster robust standard errors were estimated. More loneliness was associated with a higher level of initial cognitive functioning (B= 0.030, p<.01), but also with a faster decline rate over time (B= -0.007, p<.01) after adjusting for covariates. High NSES and less neighborhood segregation buffered the negative effects of loneliness on cognitive decline, respectively. High NDI amplified the positive relationship between loneliness and initial functioning, but accelerated the rate of cognitive decline associated with loneliness. The study revealed that perceived loneliness, but not social disconnectedness, is a risk factor for cognitive decline among older Chinese immigrants. Living in a neighborhood with low socioeconomic status, more segregation, and high disorder elevated the detrimental effect of loneliness on long-term cognitive decline. Further research needs to investigate the complex interplay between social relationships, neighborhood environment, and cognition.
与社会脱节和孤独感是中国老年移民面临的重大挑战。然而，它们是否与这一人群认知能力下降的风险增加有关，目前仍不清楚。本研究旨在调查社会脱节和孤独感与认知功能的关系，并研究邻里环境的调节作用。 这项纵向分析调查了芝加哥华裔老年人口研究（Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago）中 60 岁及以上的样本（N=2,044）。使用认知能力测试的平均 z 分数评估总体认知能力。社会脱节感是通过五个有关社会关系结构方面的指标来构建的。孤独感采用 R-UCLA 孤独感量表进行评估。邻里社会经济地位（NSES）和邻里隔离指数（NSI）是利用 2010-2014 年美国社区调查的人口普查区数据构建的。个人对邻里环境的感知用于构建邻里凝聚力指数（NCI）和邻里失调指数（NDI）。利用调整后的聚类稳健标准误差估算了潜在增长曲线模型。 孤独感越强，初始认知功能水平越高（B= 0.030，p<.01），但在调整协变量后，随着时间的推移，孤独感下降的速度也越快（B= -0.007，p<.01）。高 NSES 和较少的邻里隔离分别缓冲了孤独对认知能力下降的负面影响。高 NDI 会放大孤独感与初始功能之间的正相关关系，但会加快与孤独感相关的认知能力下降速度。 研究表明，感知到的孤独感是导致中国老年移民认知能力下降的一个风险因素，而非与社会脱节。居住在社会经济地位较低、隔离较多、混乱程度较高的社区，会加剧孤独感对长期认知能力下降的不利影响。需要进一步研究社会关系、邻里环境和认知之间复杂的相互作用。
{"title":"Social Disconnectedness, Perceived Loneliness, and Cognitive Functioning: The Role of Neighborhood Environment","authors":"Fengyan Tang, Ke Li, Yi Wang, Yuyang Zhu, Yanping Jiang","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Social disconnectedness and loneliness pose significant challenges for older Chinese immigrants. Yet, it remains unclear whether they are associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline in this population. This study aimed to investigate the association of social disconnectedness and loneliness with cognitive functioning and examine the moderation role of neighborhood contexts.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This longitudinal analysis examined a sample of individuals aged 60 years and older from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (N=2,044). Global cognition was assessed using the averaged z-scores of cognitive performance tests. Social disconnectedness was constructed using five indicators about structural aspects of social relationships. Loneliness was assessed with the R-UCLA loneliness scale. Neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) and neighborhood segregation index (NSI) were constructed using 2010-2014 American Community Survey data at the census tract level. Individual perceptions about neighborhood environments were used to construct neighborhood cohesion index (NCI) and neighborhood disorder index (NDI). Latent growth curve models with adjusted cluster robust standard errors were estimated.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 More loneliness was associated with a higher level of initial cognitive functioning (B= 0.030, p<.01), but also with a faster decline rate over time (B= -0.007, p<.01) after adjusting for covariates. High NSES and less neighborhood segregation buffered the negative effects of loneliness on cognitive decline, respectively. High NDI amplified the positive relationship between loneliness and initial functioning, but accelerated the rate of cognitive decline associated with loneliness.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study revealed that perceived loneliness, but not social disconnectedness, is a risk factor for cognitive decline among older Chinese immigrants. Living in a neighborhood with low socioeconomic status, more segregation, and high disorder elevated the detrimental effect of loneliness on long-term cognitive decline. Further research needs to investigate the complex interplay between social relationships, neighborhood environment, and cognition.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507173,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139853260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fengyan Tang, Ke Li, Yi Wang, Yuyang Zhu, Yanping Jiang
Social disconnectedness and loneliness pose significant challenges for older Chinese immigrants. Yet, it remains unclear whether they are associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline in this population. This study aimed to investigate the association of social disconnectedness and loneliness with cognitive functioning and examine the moderation role of neighborhood contexts. This longitudinal analysis examined a sample of individuals aged 60 years and older from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (N=2,044). Global cognition was assessed using the averaged z-scores of cognitive performance tests. Social disconnectedness was constructed using five indicators about structural aspects of social relationships. Loneliness was assessed with the R-UCLA loneliness scale. Neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) and neighborhood segregation index (NSI) were constructed using 2010-2014 American Community Survey data at the census tract level. Individual perceptions about neighborhood environments were used to construct neighborhood cohesion index (NCI) and neighborhood disorder index (NDI). Latent growth curve models with adjusted cluster robust standard errors were estimated. More loneliness was associated with a higher level of initial cognitive functioning (B= 0.030, p<.01), but also with a faster decline rate over time (B= -0.007, p<.01) after adjusting for covariates. High NSES and less neighborhood segregation buffered the negative effects of loneliness on cognitive decline, respectively. High NDI amplified the positive relationship between loneliness and initial functioning, but accelerated the rate of cognitive decline associated with loneliness. The study revealed that perceived loneliness, but not social disconnectedness, is a risk factor for cognitive decline among older Chinese immigrants. Living in a neighborhood with low socioeconomic status, more segregation, and high disorder elevated the detrimental effect of loneliness on long-term cognitive decline. Further research needs to investigate the complex interplay between social relationships, neighborhood environment, and cognition.
与社会脱节和孤独感是中国老年移民面临的重大挑战。然而，它们是否与这一人群认知能力下降的风险增加有关，目前仍不清楚。本研究旨在调查社会脱节和孤独感与认知功能的关系，并研究邻里环境的调节作用。 这项纵向分析调查了芝加哥华裔老年人口研究（Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago）中 60 岁及以上的样本（N=2,044）。使用认知能力测试的平均 z 分数评估总体认知能力。社会脱节度是通过五个有关社会关系结构方面的指标来构建的。孤独感采用 R-UCLA 孤独感量表进行评估。邻里社会经济地位（NSES）和邻里隔离指数（NSI）是使用 2010-2014 年美国社区调查的人口普查区数据构建的。个人对邻里环境的感知用于构建邻里凝聚力指数（NCI）和邻里失调指数（NDI）。利用调整后的聚类稳健标准误差估算了潜在增长曲线模型。 孤独感越强，初始认知功能水平越高（B= 0.030，p<.01），但在调整协变量后，随着时间的推移，孤独感下降的速度也越快（B= -0.007，p<.01）。高 NSES 和较少的邻里隔离分别缓冲了孤独对认知能力下降的负面影响。高 NDI 会放大孤独感与初始功能之间的正相关关系，但会加快与孤独感相关的认知能力下降速度。 研究表明，感知到的孤独感是导致中国老年移民认知能力下降的一个风险因素，而非与社会脱节。居住在社会经济地位较低、隔离较多、混乱程度较高的社区，会加剧孤独感对长期认知能力下降的不利影响。需要进一步研究社会关系、邻里环境和认知之间复杂的相互作用。
{"title":"Social Disconnectedness, Perceived Loneliness, and Cognitive Functioning: The Role of Neighborhood Environment","authors":"Fengyan Tang, Ke Li, Yi Wang, Yuyang Zhu, Yanping Jiang","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Social disconnectedness and loneliness pose significant challenges for older Chinese immigrants. Yet, it remains unclear whether they are associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline in this population. This study aimed to investigate the association of social disconnectedness and loneliness with cognitive functioning and examine the moderation role of neighborhood contexts.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This longitudinal analysis examined a sample of individuals aged 60 years and older from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (N=2,044). Global cognition was assessed using the averaged z-scores of cognitive performance tests. Social disconnectedness was constructed using five indicators about structural aspects of social relationships. Loneliness was assessed with the R-UCLA loneliness scale. Neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) and neighborhood segregation index (NSI) were constructed using 2010-2014 American Community Survey data at the census tract level. Individual perceptions about neighborhood environments were used to construct neighborhood cohesion index (NCI) and neighborhood disorder index (NDI). Latent growth curve models with adjusted cluster robust standard errors were estimated.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 More loneliness was associated with a higher level of initial cognitive functioning (B= 0.030, p<.01), but also with a faster decline rate over time (B= -0.007, p<.01) after adjusting for covariates. High NSES and less neighborhood segregation buffered the negative effects of loneliness on cognitive decline, respectively. High NDI amplified the positive relationship between loneliness and initial functioning, but accelerated the rate of cognitive decline associated with loneliness.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study revealed that perceived loneliness, but not social disconnectedness, is a risk factor for cognitive decline among older Chinese immigrants. Living in a neighborhood with low socioeconomic status, more segregation, and high disorder elevated the detrimental effect of loneliness on long-term cognitive decline. Further research needs to investigate the complex interplay between social relationships, neighborhood environment, and cognition.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507173,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":" 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139793457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jason Fanning, Tina E Brinkley, Laura M Campbell, Cristina Colon-Semenza, Sara J. Czaja, Raeanne C Moore, Nicholas M Pajewski, Stephen B Kritchevsky
Digital health technologies are ubiquitous in the healthcare landscape. Older adults represent an important user group who may benefit from improved monitoring of physical and cognitive health and in-home access to care, but there remain many barriers to widespread use of digital health technologies in gerontology and geriatric medicine. The NIA Research Centers Collaborative Network (RCCN) convened a workshop wherein geriatricians and gerontological researchers with expertise related to mHealth and digital health applications shared opportunities and challenges in the application of digital health technologies in aging. Discussion broadly centered on two themes: promises and challenges in (1) the use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methodologies in gerontology and geriatric medicine, and (2) the development of health promotion programs delivered via digital health technologies. Herein we summarize this discussion and outline several promising areas for future research.
{"title":"Research Centers Collaborative Network Workshop on Digital Health Approaches to Research in Aging","authors":"Jason Fanning, Tina E Brinkley, Laura M Campbell, Cristina Colon-Semenza, Sara J. Czaja, Raeanne C Moore, Nicholas M Pajewski, Stephen B Kritchevsky","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Digital health technologies are ubiquitous in the healthcare landscape. Older adults represent an important user group who may benefit from improved monitoring of physical and cognitive health and in-home access to care, but there remain many barriers to widespread use of digital health technologies in gerontology and geriatric medicine. The NIA Research Centers Collaborative Network (RCCN) convened a workshop wherein geriatricians and gerontological researchers with expertise related to mHealth and digital health applications shared opportunities and challenges in the application of digital health technologies in aging. Discussion broadly centered on two themes: promises and challenges in (1) the use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methodologies in gerontology and geriatric medicine, and (2) the development of health promotion programs delivered via digital health technologies. Herein we summarize this discussion and outline several promising areas for future research.","PeriodicalId":507173,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139854279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haeyoon Chang, Janet Jock, Molly S Rosenberg, Tsai-Chin Cho, Thomas A Gaziano, Lynda Lisabeth, Lindsay C Kobayashi
Hypertension is a major modifiable contributor to disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa. We exploited an expansion to age eligibility for men in South Africa’s non-contributory public pension to assess the impact of pension eligibility on hypertension in a rural, low-income South African setting. Data were from 1,247 men aged ≥60 in the population-representative Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI) in 2014/15. We identified cohorts of men from zero (controls, aged ≥65 at pension expansion) through five years of additional pension eligibility based on their birth year. Using the modified Framingham Heart Study hypertension risk prediction model, and the Wand et al. model modified for the South African population, we estimated the difference in the probabilities of hypertension for men who benefitted from the pension expansion relative to the control. We conducted a negative control analysis among older women, who were not eligible for pension expansion, to assess the robustness of our findings. Older men with five additional years of pension eligibility had a 6.9 to 8.1 percentage point greater probability of hypertension than expected without the pension expansion eligibility. After accounting for birth cohort effects through a negative control analysis involving older women reduced estimates to a 3.0 to a 5.2 percentage point greater probability of hypertension than expected. We observed a mean 0.2 percentage point increase in the probability of hypertension per additional year of pension eligibility, but this trend was not statistically significant. While the Older Person’s Grant is important for improving the financial circumstances of older adults and their families in South Africa, expanded pension eligibility may have a small, negative short-term effect on hypertension among older men in this rural, South African setting.
{"title":"The Impact of the Older Person’s Grant Expansion on Hypertension Among Older Men in Rural South Africa: Findings from the HAALSI cohort","authors":"Haeyoon Chang, Janet Jock, Molly S Rosenberg, Tsai-Chin Cho, Thomas A Gaziano, Lynda Lisabeth, Lindsay C Kobayashi","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Hypertension is a major modifiable contributor to disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa. We exploited an expansion to age eligibility for men in South Africa’s non-contributory public pension to assess the impact of pension eligibility on hypertension in a rural, low-income South African setting.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Data were from 1,247 men aged ≥60 in the population-representative Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI) in 2014/15. We identified cohorts of men from zero (controls, aged ≥65 at pension expansion) through five years of additional pension eligibility based on their birth year. Using the modified Framingham Heart Study hypertension risk prediction model, and the Wand et al. model modified for the South African population, we estimated the difference in the probabilities of hypertension for men who benefitted from the pension expansion relative to the control. We conducted a negative control analysis among older women, who were not eligible for pension expansion, to assess the robustness of our findings.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Older men with five additional years of pension eligibility had a 6.9 to 8.1 percentage point greater probability of hypertension than expected without the pension expansion eligibility. After accounting for birth cohort effects through a negative control analysis involving older women reduced estimates to a 3.0 to a 5.2 percentage point greater probability of hypertension than expected. We observed a mean 0.2 percentage point increase in the probability of hypertension per additional year of pension eligibility, but this trend was not statistically significant.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 While the Older Person’s Grant is important for improving the financial circumstances of older adults and their families in South Africa, expanded pension eligibility may have a small, negative short-term effect on hypertension among older men in this rural, South African setting.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507173,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139854275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jason Fanning, Tina E Brinkley, Laura M Campbell, Cristina Colon-Semenza, Sara J. Czaja, Raeanne C Moore, Nicholas M Pajewski, Stephen B Kritchevsky
Digital health technologies are ubiquitous in the healthcare landscape. Older adults represent an important user group who may benefit from improved monitoring of physical and cognitive health and in-home access to care, but there remain many barriers to widespread use of digital health technologies in gerontology and geriatric medicine. The NIA Research Centers Collaborative Network (RCCN) convened a workshop wherein geriatricians and gerontological researchers with expertise related to mHealth and digital health applications shared opportunities and challenges in the application of digital health technologies in aging. Discussion broadly centered on two themes: promises and challenges in (1) the use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methodologies in gerontology and geriatric medicine, and (2) the development of health promotion programs delivered via digital health technologies. Herein we summarize this discussion and outline several promising areas for future research.
{"title":"Research Centers Collaborative Network Workshop on Digital Health Approaches to Research in Aging","authors":"Jason Fanning, Tina E Brinkley, Laura M Campbell, Cristina Colon-Semenza, Sara J. Czaja, Raeanne C Moore, Nicholas M Pajewski, Stephen B Kritchevsky","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Digital health technologies are ubiquitous in the healthcare landscape. Older adults represent an important user group who may benefit from improved monitoring of physical and cognitive health and in-home access to care, but there remain many barriers to widespread use of digital health technologies in gerontology and geriatric medicine. The NIA Research Centers Collaborative Network (RCCN) convened a workshop wherein geriatricians and gerontological researchers with expertise related to mHealth and digital health applications shared opportunities and challenges in the application of digital health technologies in aging. Discussion broadly centered on two themes: promises and challenges in (1) the use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methodologies in gerontology and geriatric medicine, and (2) the development of health promotion programs delivered via digital health technologies. Herein we summarize this discussion and outline several promising areas for future research.","PeriodicalId":507173,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139794438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multidimensional poverty is associated with dementia. We aimed at establishing this association in Pakistan. A cross sectional study was conducted in Punjab and Sindh, Pakistan, between March 30th, 2002, and August 22nd, 2022, among adults aged 50 and older. Multidimensional poverty measures were composed of six dimensions and 15 indicators. Poverty was compared between adults with and without dementia using the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale, adjusting for sex, age, marital status, and household size. Associations between dementia and poverty were investigated using multivariate logistic regression model. We found that 594 (72.7%), 171 (20.9%), and 52 (6.4%) had no, mild, and moderate to severe dementia, respectively. More women than men had dementia (11.4% vs 2.9%). Approximately 40.4% adults with dementia were found to be deprived in four or more dimensions compared to 8.9% without dementia and the difference of multidimensional poverty between them was 348.6%. Education, health, living conditions and psychological well-being were main contributors to poverty. Poverty in four or more dimensions was strongly associated with dementia (odds ratio [OR], 5.02; 95%CI, 2.07-12.16) after adjusting for sex, marital status, age, and household size, with greater odds for older women (OR, 2.02; 95%CI, 1.41-2.90). Our findings suggest that early improvement in social determinants of health through targeted structural policies may prevent dementia later in life. Improving access to free, quality education, healthcare including mental healthcare and basic living standard, and to employment should reduce the collective risk of dementia.
{"title":"Is Multidimensional Poverty Associated to Dementia risk? The case of Older Adults in Pakistan","authors":"J. Trani, Yiqi Zhu, Soobin Park, Ganesh Babulal","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igae007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Multidimensional poverty is associated with dementia. We aimed at establishing this association in Pakistan.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A cross sectional study was conducted in Punjab and Sindh, Pakistan, between March 30th, 2002, and August 22nd, 2022, among adults aged 50 and older. Multidimensional poverty measures were composed of six dimensions and 15 indicators. Poverty was compared between adults with and without dementia using the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale, adjusting for sex, age, marital status, and household size. Associations between dementia and poverty were investigated using multivariate logistic regression model.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We found that 594 (72.7%), 171 (20.9%), and 52 (6.4%) had no, mild, and moderate to severe dementia, respectively. More women than men had dementia (11.4% vs 2.9%). Approximately 40.4% adults with dementia were found to be deprived in four or more dimensions compared to 8.9% without dementia and the difference of multidimensional poverty between them was 348.6%. Education, health, living conditions and psychological well-being were main contributors to poverty. Poverty in four or more dimensions was strongly associated with dementia (odds ratio [OR], 5.02; 95%CI, 2.07-12.16) after adjusting for sex, marital status, age, and household size, with greater odds for older women (OR, 2.02; 95%CI, 1.41-2.90).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our findings suggest that early improvement in social determinants of health through targeted structural policies may prevent dementia later in life. Improving access to free, quality education, healthcare including mental healthcare and basic living standard, and to employment should reduce the collective risk of dementia.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507173,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139886913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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