Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History最新文献

{"title":"New Genera and Species of Myrtaceae-Feeding Phylinae from Australia, and the Description of a New Species of Restiophylus (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae)","authors":"M. D. Schwartz, C. Weirauch, R. Schuh","doi":"10.1206/0003-0090-424.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090-424.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Six new genera of Australian Phylinae are described on the basis of existing collections. The tribe Exaeretini—represented by the two new genera Eucalyptophylus (two new species) and Melaleucaphylus (18 new species)—is recognized for the first time as occurring in Australia. Nine new taxa of Semiini, subtribe Exocarpocorina, are proposed: Four new genera, Calytriphylus, Melaleucacoris, Teddus (each monotypic), and Leptospermia (two new species), and four new species placed in Ancoraphylus Weirauch, 2007 (one species), Xiphoidellus Weirauch and Schuh, 2011 (one species), and Xiphoides Eyles and Schuh, 2003 (two species). Based on specimen data almost all the new taxa are associated with Myrtaceae plant hosts in the tribes Chamelaucieae, Eucalypteae, Leptospermeae, and Melaleuceae. A new species of Restiophylus Leon and Weirauch, 2016, taken in coastal New South Wales and perhaps associated with Leptocarpus tenax (Restionaceae), represents the first record for this genus beyond the southwest coast of Western Australia. Documentation is provided in the form of diagnoses and descriptions of all genera and species, color habitus images of males (and females when available) of all species, distributional maps, color images of male genitalic structures of all species, female genitalic structures in most species, and scanning electron micrographs of representative morphology of some taxa. Host-plant information is provided for most species, along with representative images of hosts and habitats. New distribution records for Xiphoidellus dumosus Weirauch and Schuh, 2011, and scanning micrographs of the pretarsus for Scholtzicoris linnavuorii Schuh, 2016 are provided.","PeriodicalId":50721,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1206/0003-0090-424.1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48665220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basal Cyclorrhapha in Amber from the Cretaceous and Tertiary(Insecta: Diptera), and Their Relationships: Brachycera in Cretaceous Amber Part IX","authors":"D. Grimaldi","doi":"10.1206/0003-0090-423.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090-423.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Diverse new basal (aschizan) Cyclorrhapha fossilized in amber are described from the Tertiary and Cretaceous, and their relationships are examined with character-based phylogenetic hypotheses for each family or family group. There are 18 new species in 15 genera (11 of them new) and four families plus the Syrphoidea. Fossils are from the Early Cretaceous of Lebanon, Late Cretaceous of New Jersey (United States) and Alberta (Canada), Eocene of the eastern Baltic coast, and Miocene of the Dominican Republic, but predominantly from the mid-Cretaceous of Myanmar. Stem-group Lonchopteroidea are Alonchoptera lebanica, n. gen., n.sp., and Lonchopterites burmensis, n. sp. Platypezidae include the stem groups Burmapeza radicis, n. gen., n. sp., Canadopeza biacrosticha, n. gen., n. sp., and Calvopeza divergens, n. gen., n. sp. An unnamed Microsania sp. is the first definitive Platypezidae in Baltic amber; Lebanopeza azari, n. gen., n. sp., is a stem group to the Microsaniinae and Melanderomyiinae. Chandleromyia anomala, n. gen., n. sp., is an anomalously derived Platypezinae from the Cretaceous, and two new species of the diverse Recent genus Lindneromyia are in Dominican amber (L. neomedialis and L. dominicana). Fossils of the relict family Ironomyiidae (with 3 living species from eastern Australia) include two stem-group genera with two new species each, all in Burmese amber: Palaeopetia dorsalis and P. terminus, Proironia (n. gen.) gibbera and P. burmitica. All other species of Palaeopetia are compression fossils from the Cretaceous of Asia and Eurasia. For Phoridae, a new defining feature is a stridulatum on the procoxa and profemur in both sexes, occuring in most fossil taxa where observable. New sciadocerines include Eosciadocera pauciseta, n. sp., a very large species in Baltic amber, and two stem groups in Burmese amber, Prophora dimorion, n. gen., n. sp., and a very small, undescribed taxon. Archiphora pria Grimaldi and Cumming in Turonian-aged New Jersey amber is transferred to Hennigophora Brown, based on evidence from a new specimen. Prioriphorinae (not taxonomically treated here) is a paraphyletic, Cretaceous grade to the very diverse, crown-group radiation of Euphorida that occurred in the Cenozoic. Two syrphoids occur in Burmese amber: Prosyrphus thompsoni, n. gen., n. sp. (an apparent stem group to the Syrphidae), and Aschizomyia burmensis, n. gen., n. sp. (with more ambiguous affinities). Several immatures of undetermined family are reported, one a probable phorid larva. No definitive Schizophora are yet known from the Cretaceous.","PeriodicalId":50721,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1206/0003-0090-423.1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66160866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematics and Analysis of the Radiation of Orthotylini Plant Bugs Associated with Callitroid Conifers in Australia: Description of Five New Genera and 32 New Species (Heteroptera: Miridae: Orthotylinae)","authors":"C. Symonds, G. Cassis","doi":"10.1206/0003-0090-422.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090-422.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Orthotyline plant bugs inhabiting the southern conifer genus Callitris in Australia are investigated and classified systemically for the first time, with the description of 5 new genera and 32 new species from Australia. The five new callitroid-inhabiting Orthotylini genera proposed are Avititerra, Blattakeraia, Callitricola, Erysivena, and Ngullamiris. The 32 new species accommodated by these genera are: Avititerra lepidothrix, A. xerophila, Blattakeraia actinostrobi, B. hochuli, Callitricola ballina, C. boorabbin, C. cordylina, C. finke, C.finlayae, C. gammonensis, C. graciliphila, C. parawirra, C. pullabooka, C. silveirae, C. tatarnici, C. wiradjuri, C. wollemi, Erysivena apta, E. bundjalung, E. drepanomorpha, E. emeraldensis, E. endlicheriphila, E. kalbarri, E. majori, E. mareeba, E. molloy, E. notodytika, E. paluma, E. schuhi, E. schwartzi, E. sydneyensis, and Ngullamiris whadjuk. A key to the newly described Australian taxa, habitus photographs of all species, illustrations of male and female genitalia, and scanning electron micrographs of representative species are given. A phylogenetic analysis of these callitroid-inhabiting Orthotylini was undertaken, incorporating described Orthotylus Fieber species extralimital to Australia and other recently described Australian Orthotylini. Callitris host plants are mapped to the implied-weights phylogenetic analysis, and their associations are discussed. Associations between related species of Orthotylini and related species of Callitris were detected, as were three independent colonisations by a paraphyletic assemblage of callitroid-inhabiting Orthotylini. Generic concepts within Orthotylini are discussed, with reference to Orthotylus species extralimital to Australia and includes a comparison of key character systems. It is demonstrated that the endosomal spicule characters are primary determinants of generic limits in the Orthotylini, which are supported by other characters of the male and female genitalia and external characters.","PeriodicalId":50721,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2018-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1206/0003-0090-422.1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49625400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hirtodrosophila of North America (Diptera: Drosophilidae)","authors":"D. Grimaldi","doi":"10.1206/0003-0090-421.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090-421.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Species concepts are morphologically revised and updated for members of the mycophagous genus Hirtodrosophila Duda that occur in America north of Mexico. Photomicrographs of external features, illustrations of male and female terminalia, and detailed descriptions are provided for 12 species. One species, H. cinerea (Patterson and Wheeler) is known only from the original description; its status is uncertain. Species exclusively from the southwestern United States are H. grisea (Patterson and Wheeler), H. longala (Patterson and Wheeler), and H. orbospiracula (Patterson and Wheeler). Hirtodrosophila alabamensis (Sturtevant) and H. duncani (Sturtevant) are widespread throughout the eastern half of North America; the latter species is morphologically disparate for Hirtodrosophila but provisionally retained in the genus. Hirtodrosophila chagrinensis (Stalker and Spencer) is very rare, known only from two female specimens from the northern United States. Hirtodrosophila ordinaria (Coquillett) is the most widespread species of the genus in North America, occurring throughout the northern half of the continent up to Alaska; H. shaitanensis (Sidorenko) from far eastern Russia may be a junior synonym. A preliminary scheme of relationships in the H. melanderi species group (including H. ordinaria) is presented. Two species from Florida (H. pictiventris [Duda], H. prognatha [Sturtevant]) and one from Florida plus other Gulf states (H. thoracis [Williston]) are widespread throughout the Caribbean, Central America, and portions of South America. Hirtodrosophila mendeli (Mourão et al.), from Brazil, may be a junior synonym of H. prognatha. Two new species are described from southern Florida: H. florida, n. sp., and H. jaenikei n. sp., the latter in the nigrohalterata species complex. A key to the North American species is provided.","PeriodicalId":50721,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2018-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1206/0003-0090-421.1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43916515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Revision of the North American Syntropine Vaejovid Scorpion Genera Balsateres, Kuarapu, and Thorellius, With Descriptions of three New Species","authors":"E. González-Santillán, L. Prendini","doi":"10.1206/0003-0090-420.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090-420.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Four genera formed a monophyletic group, referred to as the Kochius clade, in the phylogeny of the North American vaejovid scorpion subfamily Syntropinae Kraepelin, 1905: Balsateres González-Santillán and Prendini, 2013; Kochius Soleglad and Fet, 2008; Kuarapu Francke and Ponce-Saavedra, 2010; and Thorellius Soleglad and Fet, 2008. In the present contribution, all except Kochius, treated elsewhere, are revised. The monotypic Balsateres and Kuarapu are redescribed. Thorellius cristimanus (Pocock, 1898) and Thorellius intrepidus (Thorell, 1876) are redescribed and their type localities discussed and clarified. Three new species of Thorellius are described: Thorellius tekuani; Thorellius wixarika; and Thorellius yuyuawi. Vaejovis intrepidus atrox Hoffmann, 1931, is newly synonymized with T. cristimanus based on examination of the type material. A key to identification of the species of Thorellius is presented, and new locality records and updated distribution maps provided for all species covered.","PeriodicalId":50721,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1206/0003-0090-420.1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47786219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taxonomic Revision and Morphology of the Trapdoor Spider Genus Actinopus (Mygalomorphae: Actinopodidae) in Argentina","authors":"Duniesky RíoRíos-Tamayo, P. Goloboff","doi":"10.1206/0003-0090-419.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090-419.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The genus Actinopus Perty, 1833, is revised for Argentina, comprising a total of 23 species. The female of A. insignis (Holmberg, 1881) is described for the first time; the species is found in northern Buenos Aires, southern Santa Fe, and Uruguay. The female of A. longipalpis (Koch, 1842), previously known only from the male type from Uruguay, is described for the first time, and the species is newly cited for Argentina (Entre Ríos). Twenty new species are recognized, described and illustrated. Thirteen of the new species are based on males and females (A. reycali, sp. nov., from Jujuy and Salta; A. clavero, sp. nov., from Córdoba; A. szumikae, sp. nov., from Córdoba, southern Buenos Aires, Santa Fe and Corrientes; A. coylei, sp. nov., from Salta and Santiago del Estero, A. argenteus, sp. nov., from Santiago del Estero, Córdoba and Catamarca, A. ramirezi, sp. nov., from Misiones, A. patagonia, sp. nov., from Chubut, La Pampa, Río Negro and southern Buenos Aires, A. gerschiapelliarum, sp. nov., from Córdoba, northern Buenos Aires, southern Santa Fe, northern La Pampa and Canelones in Uruguay, A. pampa, sp. nov., from La Pampa, A. septemtrionalis, sp. nov., from Salta, Tucumán, Catamarca, and Formosa, A. taragui, sp. nov., from Corrientes, Chaco, and Misiones, A. excavatus, sp. nov., from Córdoba, A. casuhati, sp. nov., from southern Buenos Aires). Only one of the new species described is based on females only (A. indiamuerta, sp. nov., from Tucumán); and the remaining six on males (A. puelche, sp. nov., from southern Buenos Aires and Uruguay, A. cordobensis, sp. nov., from San Luis and Córdoba, A. magnus, sp. nov., from Córdoba, A. ariasi, sp. nov., from Formosa, A. palmar, sp. nov., from Entre Ríos, and A. balcarce, sp. nov., from southern Buenos Aires). New morphological characters that can help solve phylogenetic relationships within the genus are described. A dichotomous key for all the species from Argentina is provided, as well as maps of the known geographic distribution for all the species. Three of the species treated here (A. gerschiapelliarum, A. puelche, and A. insignis) are recorded also for Uruguay.","PeriodicalId":50721,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2018-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1206/0003-0090-419.1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48386243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Revision of the Giant Vinegaroons of the Mastigoproctus giganteus Complex (Thelyphonida: Thelyphonidae) of North America","authors":"D. Barrales-Alcalá, O. Francke, L. Prendini","doi":"10.1206/0003-0090-418.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090-418.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The North American vinegaroon, Mastigoproctus giganteus (Lucas, 1835), is demonstrated to comprise a complex of range-restricted species rather than a single widespread polymorphic species. Seven species are recognized based on morphological characters of the adult males, including the arrangement of spines on the prodorsal margin of the pedipalp trochanter, the position of the epistoma on the carapace, the presence of a stridulatory organ on opposing surfaces of the chelicerae and the pedipalp coxa, the presence of a patch of setae on sternite V, and the shape and macrosculpture of the retrolateral surface of the pedipalp femur. The two currently recognized subspecies are elevated to species: Mastigoproctus mexicanus (Butler, 1872), stat. nov., and Mastigoproctus scabrosus (Pocock, 1902), stat. nov. Mastigoproctus floridanus (Lönnberg, 1897) is revalidated from synonymy with M. giganteus. Redescriptions of M. giganteus and the other three species, based on both sexes, are provided, and three new species described: Mastigoproctus cinteotl, sp. nov., from Tamaulipas, Mexico; Mastigoproctus tohono, sp. nov., from Arizona and Sonora, Mexico; Mastigoproctus vandevenderi, sp. nov., from Sonora, Mexico. The present contribution raises the diversity of the Order Thelyphonida Latreille, 1804, in North America from one species to seven. Three species occur in the United States (one each in Arizona, Texas, and Florida), six species occur in Mexico, and two species occur in both countries.","PeriodicalId":50721,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1206/0003-0090-418.1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43409968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mammalian Diversity and Matses Ethnomammalogy in Amazonian Peru Part 2: Xenarthra, Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Artiodactyla, and Sirenia","authors":"R. Voss, David W. Fleck","doi":"10.1206/00030090-417.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1206/00030090-417.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This report continues our monographic analysis of mammalian diversity and Matses ethnomammalogy in the Yavarí-Ucayali interfluvial region of northeastern Peru. Based primarily on specimens collected in the region from 1926 to 2003, interviews with Matses hunters, and published sight surveys of large mammals, we document the local occurrence of 33 species of xenarthrans, carnivores, perissodactyls, artiodactyls (including cetaceans), and sirenians. All of the species in these groups, with the exception of the Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis), are recognized and named by the Matses, from whom we recorded extensive accounts of mammalian natural history. The local xenarthran fauna consists of nine species (Cabassous unicinctus, Priodontes maximus, Dasypus novemcinctus, D. pastasae, Bradypus variegatus, Choloepus hoffmanni, Cyclopes didactylus, Myrmecophaga tridactyla, Tamandua tetradactyla), all of which are represented by examined specimens. Only two xenarthrans (D. pastasae and C. hoffmanni) are primary game species for the Matses, who are familiar with many aspects of their biology that were previously unrecorded in the scientific literature. However, Matses interviews also provide important new information about the behavior of D. novemcinctus (a secondary game species) and M. tridactyla, neither of which has previously been studied in rainforested environments. The local carnivore fauna consists of 16 species (Atelocynus microtis, Speothos venaticus, Leopardus pardalis, L. wiedii, Panthera onca, Puma concolor, Pu. yagouaroundi, Eira barbara, Galictis vittata, Mustela africana, Lontra longicaudis, Pteronura brasiliensis, Bassaricyon alleni, Nasua nasua, Potos flavus, Procyon cancrivorus), most of which are represented by examined specimens; six species without preserved voucher material are known from camera-trap photographs and/or unambiguous sightings by Matses hunters and field biologists. Although the coati (N. nasua) is the only carnivore occasionally hunted by the Matses for food, Matses interviews are richly informative about the natural history of other species, notably including S. venaticus, Leopardus spp., Pa. onca, Puma spp., and E. barbara. All of the local ungulates (Tapirus terrestris, Pecari tajacu, Tayassu pecari, Mazama americana, M. nemorivaga) are hunted by the Matses for food, and the hunters we interviewed are correspondingly well informed about the natural history of most of these species, with the exception of the seldom-encountered gray brocket (M. nemorivaga). Both species of local cetaceans (Inia geoffroyi, Sotalia fluviatilis) are familiar to the Matses, although neither is eaten. The xenarthrans, carnivores, ungulates, and aquatic mammals that inhabit the Yavarí-Ucayali interfluve are all widespread species, so this component of the regional fauna, as currently understood, is not biogeographically distinctive, nor is it extraordinarily diverse (by western Amazonian standards). Although we discuss sever","PeriodicalId":50721,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2017-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1206/00030090-417.1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41590736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Weevil Rostrum (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea): Internal Structure and Evolutionary Trends","authors":"S. Davis","doi":"10.1206/0003-0090-416.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090-416.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The current classification of weevils has witnessed vast improvements at higher phylogenetic levels, though much remains unstable at the lower levels. In order to develop a more robust morphological character system for cladistic analysis of the higher lineages and to gain a comprehensive understanding of the structure of a hallmark feature of weevils, a comparative study was conducted of rostra throughout Curculionoidea. Semithin sections were made of the rostra of 36 exemplar genera representing all seven currently recognized weevil families, as well as 19 of 21 subfamilies within the largest family, Curculionidae, and internal structures were examined for phylogenetically informative characters. While the morphological diversity of rostral forms is impressive, general trends are apparent with respect to life-history traits and modes of feeding. Exploration of internal rostral morphology has yielded valuable but previously unexplored characters that greatly complement the external characters of this structure. Together, these features provide new insight for settling current incongruence at the higher levels of classification.","PeriodicalId":50721,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2017-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1206/0003-0090-416.1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44316452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chapter 1: Integrated, High-Resolution Allostratigraphic, Biostratigraphic and Carbon-Isotope Correlation of Coniacian Strata (Upper Cretaceous), Western Alberta and Northern Montana","authors":"A. Plint, E. Hooper, Meriem D. Grifi, I. Walaszczyk, N. Landman, D. Gröcke, J. Alexandre, I. Jarvis","doi":"10.1206/0003-0090-414.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090-414.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Lower to upper Coniacian rocks in the foredeep of the Western Canada Foreland Basin are dominated by mudstone and subordinate sandstone and were deposited on a very low-gradient, storm-dominated marine ramp. The rocks are organized into several scales of upward-coarsening, upward-shoaling succession, bounded by marine flooding surfaces. Abundant, publicly available wireline log data permit flooding surfaces to be traced for hundreds of kilometers in subsurface. Flooding surfaces can be considered to approximate time surfaces that allow the subsidence history of the basin to be reconstructed. Particularly widely traceable flooding surfaces were chosen, on pragmatic grounds, as the boundaries of 24 informal allomembers, most of which can be mapped along the foredeep for >750 km. Allomembers can also be traced westward into the fold-and-thrust belt to outcrop in the Rocky Mountain Foothills. Some flooding surfaces are mantled with intra- or extrabasinal pebbles that imply a phase of shallowing and, potentially, subaerial emergence of part of the ramp. The rocks yield a rich and well-preserved molluscan fauna dominated by inoceramid bivalves and scaphitid ammonites. Several major inoceramid speciation events are recognized. The lowest occurrence of Cremnoceramus crassus crassus, various species of Volviceramus, Sphenoceramus subcardissoides, and S. pachti all appear immediately above major flooding surfaces, suggesting that speciation, and dispersal of new inoceramid taxa were closely linked to episodes of relative sea-level rise. Thus, the boundaries of biozones can be shown to coincide with physical stratigraphic (flooding) surfaces. The generally rare species Inoceramus gibbosus is abundant in the upper part of the lower Coniacian; the preservation of this zonal form may be attributed to rapid subsidence of the foredeep that outpaced a major eustatic? sea-level fall that took place at the end of the early Coniacian and that is marked by a hiatus in most epicontinental basins. Regional mapping shows that allomembers, which have a neartabular geometry, can be grouped into “tectono-stratigraphic units” that fill saucer-shaped, flexural depocenters. Individual depocenters appear to have been active for ca. 0.5 to 1.5 m.y., and successive depocenters are offset laterally, probably reflecting episodic shifts in the locus of active thickening in the Cordilleran orogenic wedge and related subsidence in the foreland basin. Preliminary carbonisotope results from one section are tentatively correlated, using biostratigraphic tie-points, to the English Chalk reference curve: the Light Point, East Cliff, and White Fall carbon-isotope events (CIE) are recognized with some degree of confidence. The astronomically calibrated succession of CIE in the English Chalk suggests that the 24 mapped allomembers in Alberta each had an average duration of about 125,000 yr. Because allomembers can be traced for hundreds of km, an allogenic control, probably eustasy,","PeriodicalId":50721,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2017-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1206/0003-0090-414.1.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43646476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}