Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.21803/penamer.17.33.541
Sergio Luis Mondragón Duarte, Aldemar Guzmán Quintero, Laura Marcela Franco Mateus, Sergio Luis Sánchez Rengifo
Introduction: The text addresses the relationship between constitutional theories and methods of interpretation, using euthanasia in non-terminal illnesses in Colombia as a case study. Objective: Determine the relationship between constitutional theories and interpretation methods in the context of euthanasia, highlighting the change in Colombian jurisprudence in 2020. Reflection: The application of interpretation methods by the Constitutional Court in specific cases, such as Martha Liria, is evident. Sepúlveda and Víctor Julio Escobar, based on the analysis made in this regard from constitutional theories, such as the original, customary law, judicial activism and approaches of authors such as Dworkin, Alexy, Habermas and Nino. Which results in generating an impact on the fundamental guidelines and principles for constitutional interpretation, as well as different types of interpretation, such as authentic, doctrinal and judicial. Conclusion: The importance of having interpretation methods to guarantee rights in modernStates is highlighted, highlighting the complexity and dynamism of the constitutional interpretation process, making it pertinent to establish a more deep-rooted connection between constitutional theories and interpretation techniques in the context of euthanasiain Colombia, analyzing specific cases and providing data on its practice in the country.
导言：该文以哥伦比亚对非绝症患者实施安乐死为例，论述了宪法理论与解释方法之间的关系。目的：确定安乐死背景下宪法理论与解释方法之间的关系，强调 2020 年哥伦比亚判例的变化。反思：宪法法院在 Martha Liria 等具体案件中对解释方法的应用显而易见。塞普尔韦达（Sepúlveda）和维克托-胡利奥-埃斯科瓦尔（Víctor Julio Escobar）根据宪法理论（如原始法、习惯法、司法能动主义以及德沃金、阿列克西、哈贝马斯和尼诺等作者的方法）在这方面所做的分析。其结果是对宪法解释的基本准则和原则以及不同类型的解释（如权威解释、理论解释和司法解释）产生了影响。结论：强调了在现代国家中采用解释方法保障权利的重要性，突出了宪法解释过程的复杂性和动态性，使得在哥伦比亚安乐死的背景下建立宪法理论与解释技术之间更深层次的联系成为可能，分析了具体案例并提供了该国安乐死实践的数据。
{"title":"Correlação entre teorias constitucionais e métodos de interpretação: a eutanásia como estudo de caso na Colômbia","authors":"Sergio Luis Mondragón Duarte, Aldemar Guzmán Quintero, Laura Marcela Franco Mateus, Sergio Luis Sánchez Rengifo","doi":"10.21803/penamer.17.33.541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.17.33.541","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The text addresses the relationship between constitutional theories and methods of interpretation, using euthanasia in non-terminal illnesses in Colombia as a case study. Objective: Determine the relationship between constitutional theories and interpretation methods in the context of euthanasia, highlighting the change in Colombian jurisprudence in 2020. Reflection: The application of interpretation methods by the Constitutional Court in specific cases, such as Martha Liria, is evident. Sepúlveda and Víctor Julio Escobar, based on the analysis made in this regard from constitutional theories, such as the original, customary law, judicial activism and approaches of authors such as Dworkin, Alexy, Habermas and Nino. Which results in generating an impact on the fundamental guidelines and principles for constitutional interpretation, as well as different types of interpretation, such as authentic, doctrinal and judicial. Conclusion: The importance of having interpretation methods to guarantee rights in modernStates is highlighted, highlighting the complexity and dynamism of the constitutional interpretation process, making it pertinent to establish a more deep-rooted connection between constitutional theories and interpretation techniques in the context of euthanasiain Colombia, analyzing specific cases and providing data on its practice in the country.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"32 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introducción: las comunidades negras colombianas han sido sometidas diversos procesos de homogenización que, basados principalmente en lo fenotípico y lo supuestamente común en lo histórico, han invisibilizado sus trayectorias y necesidades particulares. Objetivo: el presente artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre la concepción y producción de comunidades negras en Colombia, con sustento en la metodología cualitativa, el análisis documental, bibliográfico y temático. Reflexión: se logró establecer el proceso de conformación del Estado/moderno/territorial, haciendo evidente el hecho isomórfico que ha pretendido sostener una equivalencia entre territorio, comunidad y cultura. A su vez, cuestionar la noción homogeneidad de una comunidad étnica con diferentes historias y contextos. Conclusiones: se reflexionó sobre el pensamiento localizado, lo cual redunda en una comprensión de las dinámicas territoriales de los grupos étnicos y con estos, de la necesidad de su reconocimiento y de medidas de política que permitan mantener y preservar con garantías su existencia.
{"title":"The configuration processes of the modern territorial State: Elements to rethink the conception of blackcommunities in Colombia","authors":"Tulio Andrés Clavijo Gallego, Ronald Alejandro Macuacé Otero, Verenice Sánchez Castillo","doi":"10.21803/penamer.17.33.719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.17.33.719","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción: las comunidades negras colombianas han sido sometidas diversos procesos de homogenización que, basados principalmente en lo fenotípico y lo supuestamente común en lo histórico, han invisibilizado sus trayectorias y necesidades particulares. Objetivo: el presente artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre la concepción y producción de comunidades negras en Colombia, con sustento en la metodología cualitativa, el análisis documental, bibliográfico y temático. Reflexión: se logró establecer el proceso de conformación del Estado/moderno/territorial, haciendo evidente el hecho isomórfico que ha pretendido sostener una equivalencia entre territorio, comunidad y cultura. A su vez, cuestionar la noción homogeneidad de una comunidad étnica con diferentes historias y contextos. Conclusiones: se reflexionó sobre el pensamiento localizado, lo cual redunda en una comprensión de las dinámicas territoriales de los grupos étnicos y con estos, de la necesidad de su reconocimiento y de medidas de política que permitan mantener y preservar con garantías su existencia.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"164 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140756987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.32.604
Sonia Villagràn Rueda, David Jasso Velázquez
Introduction: Psychosocial Risk Factors (PRF) in the workplace are a current topic that is visible in any type of organization, and the causes that originate them are diverse. Objective: The purpose of the present study is to demonstrate the correlation between certain leadership styles and the generation of Psychosocial Risk Factors in teaching work at a public high school educational institution located in Guadalupe, Zacatecas, México. Method: The research approach is quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, with a descriptive-correlational scope. For the collection of information, a self-developed instrument with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.865 was used, applied to a random sample of50 teachers. Results: The findings reveal a statistically significant correlation between permissive and bureaucratic administrative styles and teacher harassment in three of its dimensions: physical, psychological, and economic aggression, the last two being the most recurrent. Conclusion: Leadership styles or administrative styles have a transcendent influence, affecting the physical and psychological health of the recipient.
{"title":"Leadership Styles that generate Risk Factors in teaching work: High School Education","authors":"Sonia Villagràn Rueda, David Jasso Velázquez","doi":"10.21803/penamer.16.32.604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.16.32.604","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Psychosocial Risk Factors (PRF) in the workplace are a current topic that is visible in any type of organization, and the causes that originate them are diverse. Objective: The purpose of the present study is to demonstrate the correlation between certain leadership styles and the generation of Psychosocial Risk Factors in teaching work at a public high school educational institution located in Guadalupe, Zacatecas, México. Method: The research approach is quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, with a descriptive-correlational scope. For the collection of information, a self-developed instrument with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.865 was used, applied to a random sample of50 teachers. Results: The findings reveal a statistically significant correlation between permissive and bureaucratic administrative styles and teacher harassment in three of its dimensions: physical, psychological, and economic aggression, the last two being the most recurrent. Conclusion: Leadership styles or administrative styles have a transcendent influence, affecting the physical and psychological health of the recipient.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"24 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140240329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.32.696
Milicen Borja Barrera, Luz Dary González Cortez
Introduction: The collection of taxes is essential for the economy of any country, including Colombia, enabling the State to fulfill its social and cultural responsibilities. However, the question arises whether there is a contributory culture in Colombia that avoids practicessuch as tax evasion and avoidance. Colombia's Tax Administration, through DIAN, has implemented programs like "Culture of Contribution in School" and "For a More Honest Colombia" to promote a tax culture and avoid coercion through severe sanctions. Objective: The purpose of this article was related to know according to the literature the cultural aspects that surround the tax culture in Colombia and how they are used as tools against tax evasion. Methodology: The paper is based on a quantitative methodologicalapproach, seeking to identify literature published in academic and scientific journals. This article theoretically examines tax culture, tax evasion and avoidance, and the sanctioning regime in Colombia, assessing how these factors influence the rates of tax evasion and avoidance and the country's sanctioning stance. Results: Aspects such as citizens' reluctance to pay taxes, the uncertainty generated by constant tax reforms, and the need to promote tax compliance for the country's development are discussed. Conclusion: Itconcludes that citizen contribution will increase if there is observed good management of state resources, equitable tax reforms, and effective educational work on the importance of contributing, thus increasing the tax culture in Colombia.
{"title":"Cultura tributaria en Colombia: una herramienta contra la evasión y la elusión","authors":"Milicen Borja Barrera, Luz Dary González Cortez","doi":"10.21803/penamer.16.32.696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.16.32.696","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The collection of taxes is essential for the economy of any country, including Colombia, enabling the State to fulfill its social and cultural responsibilities. However, the question arises whether there is a contributory culture in Colombia that avoids practicessuch as tax evasion and avoidance. Colombia's Tax Administration, through DIAN, has implemented programs like \"Culture of Contribution in School\" and \"For a More Honest Colombia\" to promote a tax culture and avoid coercion through severe sanctions. Objective: The purpose of this article was related to know according to the literature the cultural aspects that surround the tax culture in Colombia and how they are used as tools against tax evasion. Methodology: The paper is based on a quantitative methodologicalapproach, seeking to identify literature published in academic and scientific journals. This article theoretically examines tax culture, tax evasion and avoidance, and the sanctioning regime in Colombia, assessing how these factors influence the rates of tax evasion and avoidance and the country's sanctioning stance. Results: Aspects such as citizens' reluctance to pay taxes, the uncertainty generated by constant tax reforms, and the need to promote tax compliance for the country's development are discussed. Conclusion: Itconcludes that citizen contribution will increase if there is observed good management of state resources, equitable tax reforms, and effective educational work on the importance of contributing, thus increasing the tax culture in Colombia.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"56 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140431063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.32.564
Adriana Paulina Giraldo Meléndez
The establishment of the national memory starts from the place of the events, for this reason the Boyacá Field is the scene of the collective memory, where the ideology of the nation is built The objective is to present how the historical narratives are established through the monument as part of national history, legitimizing the representation of official policies on national memory through monumental representations. The period under study is 1819 to 2019. It raises a discussion about the symbolic aspects that have allowed the prevalence of this historical complex over time, perpetuating these narratives as cultural representations. The proposal is based on the historical perspective and its cultural significance through stages associated with the construction of monuments and how it makes visible the construction of the hero. As a conclusion, a debate is raised about the construction of an official celebratory system with a discourse that is presented through the archetypes of memory in monuments that respond to the ordering of official history with a place of memory that recognizes the importance of collective memory.
{"title":"Memória e Monumento. O local histórico da Batalha de Boyacá","authors":"Adriana Paulina Giraldo Meléndez","doi":"10.21803/penamer.16.32.564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.16.32.564","url":null,"abstract":"The establishment of the national memory starts from the place of the events, for this reason the Boyacá Field is the scene of the collective memory, where the ideology of the nation is built The objective is to present how the historical narratives are established through the monument as part of national history, legitimizing the representation of official policies on national memory through monumental representations. The period under study is 1819 to 2019. It raises a discussion about the symbolic aspects that have allowed the prevalence of this historical complex over time, perpetuating these narratives as cultural representations. The proposal is based on the historical perspective and its cultural significance through stages associated with the construction of monuments and how it makes visible the construction of the hero. As a conclusion, a debate is raised about the construction of an official celebratory system with a discourse that is presented through the archetypes of memory in monuments that respond to the ordering of official history with a place of memory that recognizes the importance of collective memory.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"7 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139864552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.32.564
Adriana Paulina Giraldo Meléndez
The establishment of the national memory starts from the place of the events, for this reason the Boyacá Field is the scene of the collective memory, where the ideology of the nation is built The objective is to present how the historical narratives are established through the monument as part of national history, legitimizing the representation of official policies on national memory through monumental representations. The period under study is 1819 to 2019. It raises a discussion about the symbolic aspects that have allowed the prevalence of this historical complex over time, perpetuating these narratives as cultural representations. The proposal is based on the historical perspective and its cultural significance through stages associated with the construction of monuments and how it makes visible the construction of the hero. As a conclusion, a debate is raised about the construction of an official celebratory system with a discourse that is presented through the archetypes of memory in monuments that respond to the ordering of official history with a place of memory that recognizes the importance of collective memory.
{"title":"Memória e Monumento. O local histórico da Batalha de Boyacá","authors":"Adriana Paulina Giraldo Meléndez","doi":"10.21803/penamer.16.32.564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.16.32.564","url":null,"abstract":"The establishment of the national memory starts from the place of the events, for this reason the Boyacá Field is the scene of the collective memory, where the ideology of the nation is built The objective is to present how the historical narratives are established through the monument as part of national history, legitimizing the representation of official policies on national memory through monumental representations. The period under study is 1819 to 2019. It raises a discussion about the symbolic aspects that have allowed the prevalence of this historical complex over time, perpetuating these narratives as cultural representations. The proposal is based on the historical perspective and its cultural significance through stages associated with the construction of monuments and how it makes visible the construction of the hero. As a conclusion, a debate is raised about the construction of an official celebratory system with a discourse that is presented through the archetypes of memory in monuments that respond to the ordering of official history with a place of memory that recognizes the importance of collective memory.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139804837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-26DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.32.716
José Fernando Ramírez Osorio, Jhon Fredy Ríos Martínez
Introduction: This article is part of a descriptive research developed between 2019 and 2022 with the students of the Modern Languages Program of the University of Caldas, Colombia. It deals with the presence of other languages in a base language (language in use) at the scriptural level. Objective: The main objective of the research is to explain the phenomenon of transfer in light of the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic levels and to be able to determine whether or not it is an ungrammaticality, as well as the reasons why this phenomenon occurs in language learning. Methodology: We made use of a method based on a series of interviews with foreign language teachers in Colombia and some surveys of language students. Results: Then a linguistic analysis was applied to a series of written texts where transfer was evident. Conclusion: Finally, it was concluded that the phenomena of transfer and interference do not occur due to the hierarchy of acquisition over learning, nor due to the kinship of languages or similarities between them, but because of the affinities derived from the greater use or contact with the linguistic code.
{"title":"Linguistic Transfer: Case Study","authors":"José Fernando Ramírez Osorio, Jhon Fredy Ríos Martínez","doi":"10.21803/penamer.16.32.716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.16.32.716","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This article is part of a descriptive research developed between 2019 and 2022 with the students of the Modern Languages Program of the University of Caldas, Colombia. It deals with the presence of other languages in a base language (language in use) at the scriptural level. Objective: The main objective of the research is to explain the phenomenon of transfer in light of the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic levels and to be able to determine whether or not it is an ungrammaticality, as well as the reasons why this phenomenon occurs in language learning. Methodology: We made use of a method based on a series of interviews with foreign language teachers in Colombia and some surveys of language students. Results: Then a linguistic analysis was applied to a series of written texts where transfer was evident. Conclusion: Finally, it was concluded that the phenomena of transfer and interference do not occur due to the hierarchy of acquisition over learning, nor due to the kinship of languages or similarities between them, but because of the affinities derived from the greater use or contact with the linguistic code.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"29 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139595256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introducción: desde la entrada en vigor de la Constitución Política de 1991, coexisten en Colombia el postulado político Estado social de derecho, cuyo cometido fundamental radica en garantizar la dignidad de las personas a partir de un enfoque económico ysocial, y el modelo neoliberal que reduce el intervencionismo de Estado. Objetivo: en este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo consistió en proponer una alternativa armonizadora de los referidos paradigmas, basada en la construcción democrática de los derechos, perspectiva que demanda la necesaria interacción entre gobierno y sociedad civil. Metodología: para este fin, el derrotero metodológico se fundamentó en el enfoque cualitativo, en un tipo de estudio explicativo y se utilizó la revisión bibliográfica como técnica de recolección de la información. Resultados: en relación con el resultado, la investigación develó la necesidad de lograr la concreción de los derechos, desde la amplia deliberación al interior de la sociedad, dado el reto de ejecutar programas de orden social, en el ámbito de concepciones neoliberales de la economía. Conclusión: a manera de conclusión, la tesis de este trabajo radicó en la conveniencia de acudir a la concertación como fórmula para viabilizar el avance y la justiciabilidad de los derechos en términos de civilidad, en el contexto de la variedad y conflictividad de intereses que coexisten al interior de la comunidad política.
{"title":"Dialogic perspective of rights in the face of neoliberal policies","authors":"Patricia Raquel Morris Bolaño, Oona Isabel Hernández Palma, Alejandro Luis Blanco Zúñiga, Jaime Camilo Bermejo Galán","doi":"10.21803/penamer.16.32.674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.16.32.674","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción: desde la entrada en vigor de la Constitución Política de 1991, coexisten en Colombia el postulado político Estado social de derecho, cuyo cometido fundamental radica en garantizar la dignidad de las personas a partir de un enfoque económico ysocial, y el modelo neoliberal que reduce el intervencionismo de Estado. Objetivo: en este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo consistió en proponer una alternativa armonizadora de los referidos paradigmas, basada en la construcción democrática de los derechos, perspectiva que demanda la necesaria interacción entre gobierno y sociedad civil. Metodología: para este fin, el derrotero metodológico se fundamentó en el enfoque cualitativo, en un tipo de estudio explicativo y se utilizó la revisión bibliográfica como técnica de recolección de la información. Resultados: en relación con el resultado, la investigación develó la necesidad de lograr la concreción de los derechos, desde la amplia deliberación al interior de la sociedad, dado el reto de ejecutar programas de orden social, en el ámbito de concepciones neoliberales de la economía. Conclusión: a manera de conclusión, la tesis de este trabajo radicó en la conveniencia de acudir a la concertación como fórmula para viabilizar el avance y la justiciabilidad de los derechos en términos de civilidad, en el contexto de la variedad y conflictividad de intereses que coexisten al interior de la comunidad política.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"296 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139177833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21803/penamer.15.30.710
Fernanda Pattaro Amaral
This volume of Pensamiento Americano has corruption as one of its featured articles. And, although it may seem wrong to say so, there is a need for us citizens to recognize the small corruptions we do on adaily basis. Obviously there are scales of corruption at various levels, but this corruption as a product of fetishistic materialism is part of our social history. Let us not be romantic about pointing out the macro corruption at institutional levels, for example, and avoid doing it by paying the police officer when we are going to withdraw a generous sum of money in Colombian banks. Because of the fear instilled in our minds by the newspapers almost daily, we accept to pay this agent to protect us until we arrive at our destination with that money taken out of the bank, with our lives intact. It is often said that "it is good to give something for the agent", although it is his function to provide us with this security, according to the internal communications of the banks. But... we pay for this agent to protect us and not to report us to the criminals. That, I am sorry to say, is how we are part of the gear of corruption. We can say we are corrupt when we accept the fruit basket from the student who lives in Sabanalarga, and needs to improve his grades - in this case, fruits are the bargaining chip.
{"title":"Editorial 30","authors":"Fernanda Pattaro Amaral","doi":"10.21803/penamer.15.30.710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.15.30.710","url":null,"abstract":"This volume of Pensamiento Americano has corruption as one of its featured articles. And, although it may seem wrong to say so, there is a need for us citizens to recognize the small corruptions we do on adaily basis. Obviously there are scales of corruption at various levels, but this corruption as a product of fetishistic materialism is part of our social history. Let us not be romantic about pointing out the macro corruption at institutional levels, for example, and avoid doing it by paying the police officer when we are going to withdraw a generous sum of money in Colombian banks. Because of the fear instilled in our minds by the newspapers almost daily, we accept to pay this agent to protect us until we arrive at our destination with that money taken out of the bank, with our lives intact. It is often said that \"it is good to give something for the agent\", although it is his function to provide us with this security, according to the internal communications of the banks. But... we pay for this agent to protect us and not to report us to the criminals. That, I am sorry to say, is how we are part of the gear of corruption. We can say we are corrupt when we accept the fruit basket from the student who lives in Sabanalarga, and needs to improve his grades - in this case, fruits are the bargaining chip.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"698 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139178579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.32.576
Enoc Iglesias Ortega, Gustavo Adolfo Pherez Gómez
i) Introduction. In the current article, it is intended to draw attention to the conservation of rigid or inserious positions in the face of environmental facts associated with the pandemic, and motivate a change in the way of understanding the world. Events have occurred in stages prior to the pandemic, there have been events during the pandemic and events that have occurred after the pandemic (if this plague ever ends). ii) Objective. This exercise of intellectual production in confinement, from confinement, or because of confinement, is a novel or atypical experience that seeks that as social and thinking human beings, we spend time reflecting on deficit and vulnerable conditions. iii) Reflection. It is necessary to seek adequate solutions and contribute them to the community to which one belongs, in the context of a possible emerging worldview. iv) Conclusion. The Covid-19 pandemic has shaken the foundations of life for human beings, throughout the world, without qualms or predilections. It is convenient to slow down the pace of life of individuals and societies, in search of times and spaces for reflection regarding new thoughts that help to have another vision of the world.
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