Pub Date : 2023-12-14DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.32.573
Diana Milena Gómez Hurtado, Karen Julieth García Yepes, Andrés Felipe Osorio Ocampo
This article reviews the concept of the Right to territorial peace from the convergences between the Peace Agreements of 2016 and the national regulations. It presents Medellin as a city that requires processes of construction and guarantees of the right to territorial peace, where the responsibility is not only of the State agents but also of the school. The main objective is Understand the relationship between the right to peace with a territorial approach and school coexistence from a comparative case study in the city of Medellín, Colombia. The specific objectives are developed, first, tobase territorial peace as a right and as a value, second, to recognize the different ways of building peace with a territorial approach within the Schools and, third, to analyze the appropriation of three Educational Institutions of the city of Medellín on school coexistence as particular scenarios for building peace with a territorial approach for children and adolescents. Methodologically a comparative case study is carried out in Medellin among Institución Educativa La Independecia, Institución Educativa José Roberto Vazquez and Institución Educativa La Candelaria. As a result, it was identified that school coexistence is not including a perspective of building peace from the territories. In conclusion, it is specified that to guarantee the right to peace, spaces for participation, inclusion and education are necessary in educational institutions.
{"title":"El derecho a la paz con enfoque territorial y la convivencia escolar en Colombia: Estudio de caso comparado en la Ciudad de medellín","authors":"Diana Milena Gómez Hurtado, Karen Julieth García Yepes, Andrés Felipe Osorio Ocampo","doi":"10.21803/penamer.16.32.573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.16.32.573","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews the concept of the Right to territorial peace from the convergences between the Peace Agreements of 2016 and the national regulations. It presents Medellin as a city that requires processes of construction and guarantees of the right to territorial peace, where the responsibility is not only of the State agents but also of the school. The main objective is Understand the relationship between the right to peace with a territorial approach and school coexistence from a comparative case study in the city of Medellín, Colombia. The specific objectives are developed, first, tobase territorial peace as a right and as a value, second, to recognize the different ways of building peace with a territorial approach within the Schools and, third, to analyze the appropriation of three Educational Institutions of the city of Medellín on school coexistence as particular scenarios for building peace with a territorial approach for children and adolescents. Methodologically a comparative case study is carried out in Medellin among Institución Educativa La Independecia, Institución Educativa José Roberto Vazquez and Institución Educativa La Candelaria. As a result, it was identified that school coexistence is not including a perspective of building peace from the territories. In conclusion, it is specified that to guarantee the right to peace, spaces for participation, inclusion and education are necessary in educational institutions.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139179072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Urban agriculture has its roots in the 1950s, when the war forced peasants to abandon their land and migrate to the cities, which were dominated by the convenience of canned food. These agricultural traditions have been passed down keeping the legacy of urban agriculture. Objective: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) highlights five crucial points: balance between population growth and economic growth; the detriment of forests, savannahs and wetlands; the excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers, the overexploitation of the oceans and the accelerated use of fossil fuels. Reflection: the article seeks to expose the arguments presented by FAO which have led 193 countries to join efforts searching for effective solutions to counteract the devastating impacts of these practices. Conclusion: Among the purposes of this reflection is the generation of awareness to care for the environment to ensure a sustainable future. Therefore, creating models to promote Urban Agriculture as a strategy in the consolidation of the goals of SDG #2 (Zero Hunger) and #11 (Sustainable Development Goal) in the District of Barranquilla, can be one of the proposals to mitigate damage to the environment, help eliminate hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition.
{"title":"Modelo para promover a agricultura urbana com base nos ODS 2 e 11 no distrito de Barranquilla.","authors":"Camilo Ernesto Pérez Camerano, Milycen Borja Barrera, Fredy Gómez Pedroza","doi":"10.21803/penamer.16.32.690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.16.32.690","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Urban agriculture has its roots in the 1950s, when the war forced peasants to abandon their land and migrate to the cities, which were dominated by the convenience of canned food. These agricultural traditions have been passed down keeping the legacy of urban agriculture. Objective: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) highlights five crucial points: balance between population growth and economic growth; the detriment of forests, savannahs and wetlands; the excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers, the overexploitation of the oceans and the accelerated use of fossil fuels. Reflection: the article seeks to expose the arguments presented by FAO which have led 193 countries to join efforts searching for effective solutions to counteract the devastating impacts of these practices. Conclusion: Among the purposes of this reflection is the generation of awareness to care for the environment to ensure a sustainable future. Therefore, creating models to promote Urban Agriculture as a strategy in the consolidation of the goals of SDG #2 (Zero Hunger) and #11 (Sustainable Development Goal) in the District of Barranquilla, can be one of the proposals to mitigate damage to the environment, help eliminate hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139258891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.32.525
Mery Yaneth Flores Chura, Edgardo Javier Ramos Caballero
Introduction: the psychoemotional state of parents is affected when their newborn is hospitalized when facing a new environment, dealing with strangers and delegating their first protective care. Objective: to determine the level of parental stress and theperception of parental nursing care in the neonatology service of a national hospital in Peru. Methodology: quantitative, descriptive-correlational, cross-sectional study. With a sample of 75 parents of babies hospitalized in neonatology. Questionnaires were applied: Parental Stress Scale - PPS:NIICU with α=0.7 and Nursing Parent Support Tool - NPST (α = 0.96). Results: 68.7% of the participants presented moderate level of parental stress, the main sources of stress were: alteration of parental role, impact of appearance, treatment and behavior of the baby. They considered parental nursing care to be low, with deficienciesin emotional, communicational and informational support; however, they recognized good nursing care. Finally, no significant relationship was found between both variables (Tau-b: -0.07; with p < 0.05). Conclusions: there is an urgent need to implement initiatives thatinvolve parents in different processes during the hospitalization of their babies, in addition to the training of nurses to identify and attend to psychoemotional needs.
{"title":"Stress parental e perceção dos cuidados de enfermagem parentais em neonatologia","authors":"Mery Yaneth Flores Chura, Edgardo Javier Ramos Caballero","doi":"10.21803/penamer.16.32.525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.16.32.525","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the psychoemotional state of parents is affected when their newborn is hospitalized when facing a new environment, dealing with strangers and delegating their first protective care. Objective: to determine the level of parental stress and theperception of parental nursing care in the neonatology service of a national hospital in Peru. Methodology: quantitative, descriptive-correlational, cross-sectional study. With a sample of 75 parents of babies hospitalized in neonatology. Questionnaires were applied: Parental Stress Scale - PPS:NIICU with α=0.7 and Nursing Parent Support Tool - NPST (α = 0.96). Results: 68.7% of the participants presented moderate level of parental stress, the main sources of stress were: alteration of parental role, impact of appearance, treatment and behavior of the baby. They considered parental nursing care to be low, with deficienciesin emotional, communicational and informational support; however, they recognized good nursing care. Finally, no significant relationship was found between both variables (Tau-b: -0.07; with p < 0.05). Conclusions: there is an urgent need to implement initiatives thatinvolve parents in different processes during the hospitalization of their babies, in addition to the training of nurses to identify and attend to psychoemotional needs.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.31.707
Fernanda Pattaro Amaral
Este volume da Revista Pensamiento Americano é dedicada à reflexões sobre a família e a escola. De forma bastante simples, podemos começar afirmando que essas são duas instituições básicas para a socialização humana: a primeira é a família, onde aprendemos os primeiros passos da socialização, e a segunda é a escola, onde aprendemos a nos comportar dentro do mecanismo da cidadania. Afirmo que a cidadania é um mecanismo baseado nas leituras de Foucault, nos dispositivos de poder e, naturalmente, em um dos grandes teóricos do século XX, para quem a escola também era um organismo bastante interessante, uma vez que esse processo de socialização que se engendra nela atende a determinados interesses. Podemos aqui fazer algumas leituras sobre esses dois contextos separados (família e escola) em suas características positivas e negativas, bem como essa integração entre os dois e seus lados bonitos e não tão bonitos. Com isso, já fica claro que falar sobre esses dois pontos que vão ter uma intersecção não é algo frugal, não é algo frágil, é, portanto, algo bastante complexo e que atende às necessidades de seu momento histórico.
{"title":"Editorial 31","authors":"Fernanda Pattaro Amaral","doi":"10.21803/penamer.16.31.707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.16.31.707","url":null,"abstract":"Este volume da Revista Pensamiento Americano é dedicada à reflexões sobre a família e a escola. De forma bastante simples, podemos começar afirmando que essas são duas instituições básicas para a socialização humana: a primeira é a família, onde aprendemos os primeiros passos da socialização, e a segunda é a escola, onde aprendemos a nos comportar dentro do mecanismo da cidadania. Afirmo que a cidadania é um mecanismo baseado nas leituras de Foucault, nos dispositivos de poder e, naturalmente, em um dos grandes teóricos do século XX, para quem a escola também era um organismo bastante interessante, uma vez que esse processo de socialização que se engendra nela atende a determinados interesses. Podemos aqui fazer algumas leituras sobre esses dois contextos separados (família e escola) em suas características positivas e negativas, bem como essa integração entre os dois e seus lados bonitos e não tão bonitos. Com isso, já fica claro que falar sobre esses dois pontos que vão ter uma intersecção não é algo frugal, não é algo frágil, é, portanto, algo bastante complexo e que atende às necessidades de seu momento histórico.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139371731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21803/pensam.13.25.389
Ingrid Regina Petro González, Daniela Naranjo Tabares
El derecho de las victimas a la verdad ha tenido un amplio reconocimiento en el marco del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, no sólo por vía jurisprudencial sino también doctrinal. Indagar el papel del Estado como garante del derecho a la verdad de las víctimas del conflicto colombiano dentro del proceso de paz, cobra vigencia por el cumplimiento de las normas que integran el bloque de constitucionalidad y por la voluntad política y legislativa estatal de instaurar el modelo de justicia transicional.
{"title":"El estado como garante del derecho de las victimas a la verdad en Colombia","authors":"Ingrid Regina Petro González, Daniela Naranjo Tabares","doi":"10.21803/pensam.13.25.389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/pensam.13.25.389","url":null,"abstract":"El derecho de las victimas a la verdad ha tenido un amplio reconocimiento en el marco del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, no sólo por vía jurisprudencial sino también doctrinal. Indagar el papel del Estado como garante del derecho a la verdad de las víctimas del conflicto colombiano dentro del proceso de paz, cobra vigencia por el cumplimiento de las normas que integran el bloque de constitucionalidad y por la voluntad política y legislativa estatal de instaurar el modelo de justicia transicional.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"55 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141215805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Las trabajadoras sexuales son una población que a lo largo de la historia han sido estigmatizadas no solo dentro del entorno social, sino a la hora de proferir leyes, decretos y sentencias judiciales. Es por ello que a través del presente artículo de investigación aplicada con enfoque socio jurídico se buscó establecer cuál es el marco normativo que establece los derechos y garantías laborales de las trabajadoras sexuales en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano. Luego del recuento de antecedentes históricos, normativos y jurisprudenciales se logra establecer que su lucha por lograr que en el ejercicio de la prostitución se le reconozcan derechos laborales no presenta resultados positivos, toda vez que lo que se encontró fue que en ordenamiento jurídico colombiano no se encontró una disposición legal que reconozca el ejercicio de la prostitución como un trabajo y en consecuencia reconozca derechos laborales a quienes ejercen esta actividad.Salta a la vista el tratamiento estigmatizante y en algunos casos degradante que se le ha dado a esta actividad, puesto que ha sido abordada desde los enfoques prohibicionista y reglamentarista y no desde el enfoque legalista que es el único enfoque desde el que se le reconoce a esta actividad como un trabajo.
{"title":"Análisis jurídico de las garantías laborales de las trabajadoras sexuales en el marco del estado social de derecho colombiano","authors":"Juan Ricardo Ardila Rincón, Yuli Paola Florez Martinez, Yulesmi Asprilla Bolivar","doi":"10.21803/pensam.13.25.387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/pensam.13.25.387","url":null,"abstract":"Las trabajadoras sexuales son una población que a lo largo de la historia han sido estigmatizadas no solo dentro del entorno social, sino a la hora de proferir leyes, decretos y sentencias judiciales. Es por ello que a través del presente artículo de investigación aplicada con enfoque socio jurídico se buscó establecer cuál es el marco normativo que establece los derechos y garantías laborales de las trabajadoras sexuales en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano. Luego del recuento de antecedentes históricos, normativos y jurisprudenciales se logra establecer que su lucha por lograr que en el ejercicio de la prostitución se le reconozcan derechos laborales no presenta resultados positivos, toda vez que lo que se encontró fue que en ordenamiento jurídico colombiano no se encontró una disposición legal que reconozca el ejercicio de la prostitución como un trabajo y en consecuencia reconozca derechos laborales a quienes ejercen esta actividad.Salta a la vista el tratamiento estigmatizante y en algunos casos degradante que se le ha dado a esta actividad, puesto que ha sido abordada desde los enfoques prohibicionista y reglamentarista y no desde el enfoque legalista que es el único enfoque desde el que se le reconoce a esta actividad como un trabajo.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141220157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21803/pensam.13.25.390
José Miguel Segura Gutiérrez, Lina Paola Vásquez Ávila, Jarrison Niño Gil
Este artículo considera que en los emprendimientos de subsistencia existe un trasfondo social, político y económico, que incide de manera negativa en la posibilidad de vivir dignamente en la época actual y gozar de las libertades de participación que ofrece el sistema de mercado. De ahí, que no pretenda ofrecer una postura unidireccional en torno a tales iniciativas, sino más por el contrario, favorecer desde una reflexión apoyada en diferentes autores, la identificación de diversas formas de sociabilidad, virtudes morales y desarrollo de capacidades en los sujetos que las agencian, en el entendido que estas mismas se constituyen en formas alternativas para afrontar la crisis social derivada de la depredación adelantada por la directriz económica neoliberal, en aquellos contextos ya empobrecidos y con una fuerte amenaza frente a la posibilidad de vivir.
{"title":"Emprendimientos de subsistencia: Concepto, alcances y limitaciones bajo el modelo neoliberal","authors":"José Miguel Segura Gutiérrez, Lina Paola Vásquez Ávila, Jarrison Niño Gil","doi":"10.21803/pensam.13.25.390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/pensam.13.25.390","url":null,"abstract":"Este artículo considera que en los emprendimientos de subsistencia existe un trasfondo social, político y económico, que incide de manera negativa en la posibilidad de vivir dignamente en la época actual y gozar de las libertades de participación que ofrece el sistema de mercado. De ahí, que no pretenda ofrecer una postura unidireccional en torno a tales iniciativas, sino más por el contrario, favorecer desde una reflexión apoyada en diferentes autores, la identificación de diversas formas de sociabilidad, virtudes morales y desarrollo de capacidades en los sujetos que las agencian, en el entendido que estas mismas se constituyen en formas alternativas para afrontar la crisis social derivada de la depredación adelantada por la directriz económica neoliberal, en aquellos contextos ya empobrecidos y con una fuerte amenaza frente a la posibilidad de vivir.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":" 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141220421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21803/pensam.13.25.391
Willis Ruiz Marin
The article addresses the feasibility that a less developed country, such as, Colombia might adopt a universal policy scheme, such as, the one that functions successfully in a developed nation, specifically, the one in New Zealand. Starting in the 19th century, the pension schemes in Colombia, and in New Zealand, were designed differently, and have resulted in different outcomes. I conclude that there are several factors, such as, geographic proximity pattern, ageing population, financial sustainability, and superannuation pillar design that would enable Colombia to adopt the first pension pillar successfully. Even so, there are also some challenges, such as, policy legacy, simplicity, pensionable age, institutional weakness, population size, and homeland security that Colombia will need to address to ensure its success – specifically how to decrease poverty among the elderly population without affecting the long-term sustainability of the retirement system.
{"title":"What pension policy lessons could Colombia draw from New Zealand?","authors":"Willis Ruiz Marin","doi":"10.21803/pensam.13.25.391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/pensam.13.25.391","url":null,"abstract":"The article addresses the feasibility that a less developed country, such as, Colombia might adopt a universal policy scheme, such as, the one that functions successfully in a developed nation, specifically, the one in New Zealand. Starting in the 19th century, the pension schemes in Colombia, and in New Zealand, were designed differently, and have resulted in different outcomes. I conclude that there are several factors, such as, geographic proximity pattern, ageing population, financial sustainability, and superannuation pillar design that would enable Colombia to adopt the first pension pillar successfully. Even so, there are also some challenges, such as, policy legacy, simplicity, pensionable age, institutional weakness, population size, and homeland security that Colombia will need to address to ensure its success – specifically how to decrease poverty among the elderly population without affecting the long-term sustainability of the retirement system.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":" 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141220037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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