Pub Date : 2021-05-12DOI: 10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a22
Gideon F. Smith, E. Figueiredo
Summary: Aspects of the floristics and phytogeography of species of Kalanchoe Adans. (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) in the Waterberg, Limpopo province, northern South Africa, are discussed. In 2001 the Waterberg, which covers an area of 654,033ha (1,616,150.74 acres), was recognised as a Biosphere Reserve. It is shown that after eastern southern Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, eastern Limpopo, South Africa; Eswatini (formerly) Swaziland; southern Mozambique), the Waterberg has the most diverse Kalanchoe flora in southern Africa. A floristic synopsis of, and an identification key to, the kalanchoes of the Waterberg is presented. All the species are described and illustrated.
{"title":"The floristics and phytogeography of Kalanchoe Adans. (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) in the Waterberg Biosphere Reserve, northern South Africa","authors":"Gideon F. Smith, E. Figueiredo","doi":"10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a22","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: Aspects of the floristics and phytogeography of species of Kalanchoe Adans. (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) in the Waterberg, Limpopo province, northern South Africa, are discussed. In 2001 the Waterberg, which covers an area of 654,033ha (1,616,150.74 acres), was recognised as a Biosphere Reserve. It is shown that after eastern southern Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, eastern Limpopo, South Africa; Eswatini (formerly) Swaziland; southern Mozambique), the Waterberg has the most diverse Kalanchoe flora in southern Africa. A floristic synopsis of, and an identification key to, the kalanchoes of the Waterberg is presented. All the species are described and illustrated.","PeriodicalId":50726,"journal":{"name":"Bradleya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45255742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-12DOI: 10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a28
F. Verloove, M. Pascual
Summary: The Caribbean species Agave vivipara was confused during several decades with the widely cultivated ornamental species A. angustifolia. Both are in fact quite dissimilar, the former being rarely offered for sale in the horticultural trade. However, in recent years it was rather frequently planted in Gran Canaria in the Canary Islands (Spain) and it soon started to escape. Since it is very poorly known, it is copiously illustrated here and an extensive description, based on native and introduced plant material, is also presented.
{"title":"Notes on genuine Agave vivipara (Agavaceae), a poorly known Caribbean species, recently introduced in the Canary Islands (Spain)","authors":"F. Verloove, M. Pascual","doi":"10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a28","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: The Caribbean species Agave vivipara was confused during several decades with the widely cultivated ornamental species A. angustifolia. Both are in fact quite dissimilar, the former being rarely offered for sale in the horticultural trade. However, in recent years it was rather frequently planted in Gran Canaria in the Canary Islands (Spain) and it soon started to escape. Since it is very poorly known, it is copiously illustrated here and an extensive description, based on native and introduced plant material, is also presented.","PeriodicalId":50726,"journal":{"name":"Bradleya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41895233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-12DOI: 10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a10
Joana Paula Bispo Nascimento, M. Meiado
Summary: Discocactus zehntneri Britton & Rose subsp. petr-halfarii (Zachar) M.R. Santos & M.C. Machado (Cactaceae) is a Critically Endangered Brazilian cactus subspecies. There is no information on its population structure and phenological pattern. Thus, this study characterises population structure and determines the phenological pattern and germinative behaviour of this subspecies. We marked all individuals in the population and measured their diameter to create four age categories: seedling, juvenile, stem >5cm diameter without cephalium and reproductive plant. To carry out phenological assessments, we selected fifty plants. We monitored the plants monthly for two years. For each plant, we observed the number of reproductive structures and correlated them with climatic data. We found 1975 individuals grouped in subpopulations that grow in areas ranging from 800 to 2000m2. Most individuals were seedlings and juveniles, and adult plants accounted for about 25% of the population. The flowering period started in November and extends to June, peaking in flower production between November and February, the months with higher rainfall and maximum temperatures. Fruiting was shorter, less intense and occurred between December and April. We observed only thirty-seven fruits in 163 flowers (22.7%) and recorded seed germination only in the presence of light (>90%). The results indicate that this cactus subspecies has a well-defined period of flowering and fruiting. Reproductive plants, fruits and seeds are few, which may affect the species maintenance in the environment.
{"title":"Population structure and phenology of Discocactus zehntneri Britton & Rose subsp. petr-halfarii (Zachar) M.R. Santos & M.C. Machado (Cactaceae), a critically endangered Brazilian cactus subspecies","authors":"Joana Paula Bispo Nascimento, M. Meiado","doi":"10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a10","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: Discocactus zehntneri Britton & Rose subsp. petr-halfarii (Zachar) M.R. Santos & M.C. Machado (Cactaceae) is a Critically Endangered Brazilian cactus subspecies. There is no information on its population structure and phenological pattern. Thus, this study characterises population structure and determines the phenological pattern and germinative behaviour of this subspecies. We marked all individuals in the population and measured their diameter to create four age categories: seedling, juvenile, stem >5cm diameter without cephalium and reproductive plant. To carry out phenological assessments, we selected fifty plants. We monitored the plants monthly for two years. For each plant, we observed the number of reproductive structures and correlated them with climatic data. We found 1975 individuals grouped in subpopulations that grow in areas ranging from 800 to 2000m2. Most individuals were seedlings and juveniles, and adult plants accounted for about 25% of the population. The flowering period started in November and extends to June, peaking in flower production between November and February, the months with higher rainfall and maximum temperatures. Fruiting was shorter, less intense and occurred between December and April. We observed only thirty-seven fruits in 163 flowers (22.7%) and recorded seed germination only in the presence of light (>90%). The results indicate that this cactus subspecies has a well-defined period of flowering and fruiting. Reproductive plants, fruits and seeds are few, which may affect the species maintenance in the environment.","PeriodicalId":50726,"journal":{"name":"Bradleya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47945681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-12DOI: 10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a7
P. Hoxey
Summary: The name Echinocactus conglomeratus published by Rodolfo Philippi in 1860 has remained of uncertain application although it is generally accepted to belong to the genus Copiapoa. Two attempts have been made to neotypify the name but neither is convincing as both taxa have characters which are inconsistent with the description of E. conglomeratus. Both neotypifications are rejected here due to conflict with the protologue. This paper investigates the account published by Philippi of the part of his journey through the Atacama Desert where he reports finding E. conglomeratus. Secondly a comparison is made between the description of E. conglomeratus and all of the Copiapoa species now known to grow in that area. Unfortunately, it is not possible to state with certainly which known species can be assigned to E. conglomeratus and so no typification is proposed. It is recommended E. conglomeratus is considered a name of uncertain application and its usage abandoned.
{"title":"Notes on the identity of Echinocactus conglomeratus – a name of uncertain application from northern Chile","authors":"P. Hoxey","doi":"10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a7","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: The name Echinocactus conglomeratus published by Rodolfo Philippi in 1860 has remained of uncertain application although it is generally accepted to belong to the genus Copiapoa. Two attempts have been made to neotypify the name but neither is convincing as both taxa have characters which are inconsistent with the description of E. conglomeratus. Both neotypifications are rejected here due to conflict with the protologue. This paper investigates the account published by Philippi of the part of his journey through the Atacama Desert where he reports finding E. conglomeratus. Secondly a comparison is made between the description of E. conglomeratus and all of the Copiapoa species now known to grow in that area. Unfortunately, it is not possible to state with certainly which known species can be assigned to E. conglomeratus and so no typification is proposed. It is recommended E. conglomeratus is considered a name of uncertain application and its usage abandoned.","PeriodicalId":50726,"journal":{"name":"Bradleya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48900566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-12DOI: 10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a23
R. Mokni, F. Verloove
Summary: Recent fieldwork in Tunisia yielded several new records of non-native species of the genus Agave. Agave angustifolia var. marginata, A. fourcroydes and A. sisalana are locally naturalised and reported for the first time from the country. To our knowledge, naturalised populations of these three taxa were also unknown elsewhere in the Maghreb and North Africa. We also draw attention to A. attenuata subsp. attenuata, a widely grown ornamental that is expected to become naturalised in the near future. Updated nomenclature, brief descriptions, as well as general and national distributions are provided for each of the naturalised Agaves. A key to all the species, subspecies, and varieties of Agave that occur in Tunisia is presented, and all the taxa are illustrated.
{"title":"Additional species of Agave (Agavoideae/Agavaceae, Asparagaceae sensu lat.) introduced and naturalising in Tunisia and North Africa","authors":"R. Mokni, F. Verloove","doi":"10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a23","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: Recent fieldwork in Tunisia yielded several new records of non-native species of the genus Agave. Agave angustifolia var. marginata, A. fourcroydes and A. sisalana are locally naturalised and reported for the first time from the country. To our knowledge, naturalised populations of these three taxa were also unknown elsewhere in the Maghreb and North Africa. We also draw attention to A. attenuata subsp. attenuata, a widely grown ornamental that is expected to become naturalised in the near future. Updated nomenclature, brief descriptions, as well as general and national distributions are provided for each of the naturalised Agaves. A key to all the species, subspecies, and varieties of Agave that occur in Tunisia is presented, and all the taxa are illustrated.","PeriodicalId":50726,"journal":{"name":"Bradleya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41395511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-12DOI: 10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a8
N. Taylor
Summary: The morphological development of two seed-raised individuals of Pereskia quisqueyana Alain (Cactaceae-Pereskioideae), a Critically Endangered species, was studied in cultivation in Singapore over a period of five years and compared with other taxa from P. subgenus Leuenbergera G. Rowley. An augmented description of this imperfectly known yet evidently rather variable taxon from the Dominican Republic is provided. The genetic diversity of the species manifests itself in the presence or absence of brachyblast leaves, number and length of spines and in wide variations in the phenology of individuals grown under uniform conditions. Growth behavioural and architectural differences between P. subg. Leuenbergera (or genus Leuenbergeria) and P. subg. Pereskia are discussed and it is concluded that the former is largely acrotonic in its branching pattern, the latter mesotonic. Further notes on the morphology (including seedlings), polyembryony, geographic range, biogeography, ecology, flower insect visitors, seed dispersal, uses, specific differences and conservation status of P. aureiflora Ritter, P. bleo (Kunth) DC., P. guamacho Weber, P. lychnidiflora DC. and P. portulacifolia (L.) DC. and its Greater Antillean allies are presented, together with some observations on leaf-bearing cacti in cultivation in the humid tropics.
{"title":"Notes on cultivated Pereskia quisqueyana and related species (Cactaceae)","authors":"N. Taylor","doi":"10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a8","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: The morphological development of two seed-raised individuals of Pereskia quisqueyana Alain (Cactaceae-Pereskioideae), a Critically Endangered species, was studied in cultivation in Singapore over a period of five years and compared with other taxa from P. subgenus Leuenbergera G. Rowley. An augmented description of this imperfectly known yet evidently rather variable taxon from the Dominican Republic is provided. The genetic diversity of the species manifests itself in the presence or absence of brachyblast leaves, number and length of spines and in wide variations in the phenology of individuals grown under uniform conditions. Growth behavioural and architectural differences between P. subg. Leuenbergera (or genus Leuenbergeria) and P. subg. Pereskia are discussed and it is concluded that the former is largely acrotonic in its branching pattern, the latter mesotonic. Further notes on the morphology (including seedlings), polyembryony, geographic range, biogeography, ecology, flower insect visitors, seed dispersal, uses, specific differences and conservation status of P. aureiflora Ritter, P. bleo (Kunth) DC., P. guamacho Weber, P. lychnidiflora DC. and P. portulacifolia (L.) DC. and its Greater Antillean allies are presented, together with some observations on leaf-bearing cacti in cultivation in the humid tropics.","PeriodicalId":50726,"journal":{"name":"Bradleya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49150304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-12DOI: 10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a3
N. Taylor, P. Hoxey, Andrew Gdaniec
Summary: Dendrocereus is comprised of two taxa, which have hitherto lacked clear morphological characters to distinguish them specifically. In this study we demonstrate that seedling, juvenile and possibly seed morphology provide ample justification for the recognition of two species: D. nudiflorus in Cuba and D. undulosus in Hispaniola, whose conservation status is also discussed.
{"title":"Dendrocereus Britton & Rose – one species or two?","authors":"N. Taylor, P. Hoxey, Andrew Gdaniec","doi":"10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a3","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: Dendrocereus is comprised of two taxa, which have hitherto lacked clear morphological characters to distinguish them specifically. In this study we demonstrate that seedling, juvenile and possibly seed morphology provide ample justification for the recognition of two species: D. nudiflorus in Cuba and D. undulosus in Hispaniola, whose conservation status is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":50726,"journal":{"name":"Bradleya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49642351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-12DOI: 10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a13
E. V. VAN JAARSVELD, A. LE ROUX
Summary: Portulacaria afra (L.) Jacq. has a widespread distribution in South Africa. There is a marked leaf size gradient from the southern to the northern part of its distribution. Small leaves in the south is understood as a stress tolerance strategy in hot, dry conditions, where large-leaved representatives are growing in more mesic climates where high and predictable precipitation during the summer months greatly reduce the probability of water stress in the growing season.
{"title":"Portulacaria afra (L.) Jacq.: Variability and distribution","authors":"E. V. VAN JAARSVELD, A. LE ROUX","doi":"10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a13","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: Portulacaria afra (L.) Jacq. has a widespread distribution in South Africa. There is a marked leaf size gradient from the southern to the northern part of its distribution. Small leaves in the south is understood as a stress tolerance strategy in hot, dry conditions, where large-leaved representatives are growing in more mesic climates where high and predictable precipitation during the summer months greatly reduce the probability of water stress in the growing season.","PeriodicalId":50726,"journal":{"name":"Bradleya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44173862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-12DOI: 10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a2
Alejandro Saint Esteven, Mariana N. Benedictto, Franco A. Garolla, J. Padró, I. Soto
Summary: The Multiple Use Reserve of Valle Fértil (San Juan province, Argentina) is a protected area with particular climatic features that includes a large segment of xeric environments. It harbors numerous endemic and protected species. Despite the conspicuous presence of a cacti and succulent community in the area, a formal survey of species richness had been lacking. Moreover, as this region has been declared at risk of degradation due to soil erosion driven by high deforestation rates the importance of carrying out biodiversity surveys with interest on conservation raises. During the last decade, and product of several field trips to the Reserve, seven genera of Cactaceae were observed. Thus, we present the first formal list of cacti and succulent species in the Multiple Use Reserve of Valle Fértil gathering relevant information for scientific and conservational purposes.
{"title":"A survey of cacti richness in a biodiversity hotspot of Western Argentina","authors":"Alejandro Saint Esteven, Mariana N. Benedictto, Franco A. Garolla, J. Padró, I. Soto","doi":"10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a2","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: The Multiple Use Reserve of Valle Fértil (San Juan province, Argentina) is a protected area with particular climatic features that includes a large segment of xeric environments. It harbors numerous endemic and protected species. Despite the conspicuous presence of a cacti and succulent community in the area, a formal survey of species richness had been lacking. Moreover, as this region has been declared at risk of degradation due to soil erosion driven by high deforestation rates the importance of carrying out biodiversity surveys with interest on conservation raises. During the last decade, and product of several field trips to the Reserve, seven genera of Cactaceae were observed. Thus, we present the first formal list of cacti and succulent species in the Multiple Use Reserve of Valle Fértil gathering relevant information for scientific and conservational purposes.","PeriodicalId":50726,"journal":{"name":"Bradleya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47020097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-12DOI: 10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a26
J. Shaw
Summary: The variation amongst plants available as Crassula sarcocaulis Eckl. & Zeyh. necessitates the use of names at lower ranks. New combinations at varietal rank are made to provide taxonomic structure within this species complex. Clones and cultivars are assigned to varieties, and their origin, history and identification is discussed.
{"title":"Crassula sarcocaulis Eckl. & Zeyh. – variation and clones in cultivation.","authors":"J. Shaw","doi":"10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a26","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: The variation amongst plants available as Crassula sarcocaulis Eckl. & Zeyh. necessitates the use of names at lower ranks. New combinations at varietal rank are made to provide taxonomic structure within this species complex. Clones and cultivars are assigned to varieties, and their origin, history and identification is discussed.","PeriodicalId":50726,"journal":{"name":"Bradleya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47187020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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