Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2022-02-23DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2040025
Brechje Dandachi-FitzGerald, Harald Merckelbach, Thomas Merten
When patients fail symptom validity tests (SVTs) and/or performance validity tests (PVTs), their self-reported symptoms and test profiles are unreliable and cannot be taken for granted. There are many well-established causes of poor symptom validity and malingering is only of them. Some authors have proposed that a cry for help may underlie poor symptom validity. In this commentary, we argue that cry for help is a (1) metaphorical concept that is (2) difficult to operationalize and, at present, (3) impossible to falsify. We conclude that clinicians or forensic experts should not invoke cry for help as an explanation for poor symptom validity. To encourage conceptual clarity, we propose a tentative framework for explaining poor symptom validity.
{"title":"Cry for help as a root cause of poor symptom validity: A critical note.","authors":"Brechje Dandachi-FitzGerald, Harald Merckelbach, Thomas Merten","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2040025","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2040025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When patients fail symptom validity tests (SVTs) and/or performance validity tests (PVTs), their self-reported symptoms and test profiles are unreliable and cannot be taken for granted. There are many well-established causes of poor symptom validity and malingering is only of them. Some authors have proposed that a cry for help may underlie poor symptom validity. In this commentary, we argue that cry for help is a (1) metaphorical concept that is (2) difficult to operationalize and, at present, (3) impossible to falsify. We conclude that clinicians or forensic experts should not invoke cry for help as an explanation for poor symptom validity. To encourage conceptual clarity, we propose a tentative framework for explaining poor symptom validity.</p>","PeriodicalId":50741,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39822008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2022-02-25DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2043326
Zahide Mail Gurkan, Aygül Tantik Pak, Fatma Busra Parlakkaya, Tezer Kilicarslan, Onur Yilmaz, Yıldızhan Sengul
Objective: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is one of the commonest neurologic diseases. Along with sensory and motor symptoms, cognitive impairment and psychiatric features can be seen with RLS. The present study, was planned to look for evidence of cognitive impairment by evaluating facial emotion recognition (FER) in patients with RLS.
Methods: In this study, 80 patients with RLS and 50 healthy controls (HCs) were included. Demographic data were recorded. All patients with RLS and HCs were tested with Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), Beck depression inventory (BDI) and with Ekman's test for recognition of facial emotions.
Results: Sixty-three of the patients with RLS and 37 of the HCs were female. The mean age of the patients was 45.41 ± 8.24, and the mean age of HCs was 43.12 ± 10.35. The patients and HCs were similar regarding sex, age, educational status, and marital status. Patients with RLS had FER difficulties comparing HCs. There was a negative correlation between Ekman's test scores and BDI (r = -0.311, p < 0.001) and BAI scores (r = -0.379, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: FER is an invaluable research topic regarding cognitive function in RLS, which may help us develop different perspectives in terms of revealing the pathophysiology and is very important for the well-being of the patients' social interactions.
目的:不宁腿综合征(RLS)是最常见的神经系统疾病之一。除感觉和运动症状外,RLS 还可伴有认知障碍和精神特征。本研究计划通过评估 RLS 患者的面部情绪识别(FER)来寻找认知障碍的证据:本研究纳入了 80 名 RLS 患者和 50 名健康对照组(HCs)。记录了人口统计学数据。所有 RLS 患者和健康对照组均接受了贝克焦虑量表(BAI)、贝克抑郁量表(BDI)和埃克曼面部情绪识别测试:63名 RLS 患者和 37 名 HCs 患者为女性。患者的平均年龄为(45.41±8.24)岁,HC 的平均年龄为(43.12±10.35)岁。患者和 HC 在性别、年龄、教育状况和婚姻状况方面相似。与 HC 相比,RLS 患者的 FER 较低。埃克曼测验分数与 BDI 之间存在负相关(r = -0.311,p r = -0.379,p 结论:FER是一个关于RLS认知功能的宝贵研究课题,它可以帮助我们从不同角度揭示病理生理学,对患者的社会交往非常重要。
{"title":"Recognition of emotional face expressions in patients with restless legs syndrome.","authors":"Zahide Mail Gurkan, Aygül Tantik Pak, Fatma Busra Parlakkaya, Tezer Kilicarslan, Onur Yilmaz, Yıldızhan Sengul","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2043326","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2043326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is one of the commonest neurologic diseases. Along with sensory and motor symptoms, cognitive impairment and psychiatric features can be seen with RLS. The present study, was planned to look for evidence of cognitive impairment by evaluating facial emotion recognition (FER) in patients with RLS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 80 patients with RLS and 50 healthy controls (HCs) were included. Demographic data were recorded. All patients with RLS and HCs were tested with Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), Beck depression inventory (BDI) and with Ekman's test for recognition of facial emotions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-three of the patients with RLS and 37 of the HCs were female. The mean age of the patients was 45.41 ± 8.24, and the mean age of HCs was 43.12 ± 10.35. The patients and HCs were similar regarding sex, age, educational status, and marital status. Patients with RLS had FER difficulties comparing HCs. There was a negative correlation between Ekman's test scores and BDI (<i>r</i> = -0.311, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and BAI scores (<i>r</i> = -0.379, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FER is an invaluable research topic regarding cognitive function in RLS, which may help us develop different perspectives in terms of revealing the pathophysiology and is very important for the well-being of the patients' social interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50741,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39836166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2022-02-11DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2036990
Alejandro Lozano-García, Kevin G Hampel, Antonio Gutiérrez, Vicente Villanueva, Irene Cano-López, Esperanza González-Bono
Purpose: To assess whether performance in attention and executive functions evaluated with the Epitrack screening tool before surgery can differentiate memory and quality of life (QOL) profiles, and detect different post-surgical change patterns in these variables in patients with epilepsy.
Methods: This is a longitudinal study. Seventy-seven patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (mean age = 37.91) underwent a neuropsychological assessment before and one year after surgery. Epitrack, a screening tool that exclusively evaluates attention and executive functioning, was administered in the pre-surgical assessment, and verbal and visual memory and QOL were assessed before and after surgery.
Results: Patients with impaired Epitrack performance had poorer verbal and visual memory than those with intact Epitrack performance, regardless of the time point (for all, p < 0.0001). They also showed a post-surgical decline in immediate verbal recall (p = 0.04) and discriminability (p = 0.001). Patients with intact Epitrack performance did not exhibit this decline. Epitrack total score significantly contributed to 13 and 11% of the variance of post-surgical changes in immediate verbal recall and discriminability, respectively. Epitrack groups did not differ in QOL profiles or changes, but post-surgical immediate verbal recall improvements were related to post-surgical QOL improvements.
Conclusion: Our findings underline the utility of Epitrack screening tool to detect different patterns of verbal and visual memory dysfunction, as well as to predict post-surgical verbal memory decline in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Patients with lower pre-surgical Epitrack scores appear to be at increased risk for post-surgical memory decline.
{"title":"Clinical utility of Epitrack for differentiating profiles and patterns of post-surgical change in memory and quality of life in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.","authors":"Alejandro Lozano-García, Kevin G Hampel, Antonio Gutiérrez, Vicente Villanueva, Irene Cano-López, Esperanza González-Bono","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2036990","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2036990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess whether performance in attention and executive functions evaluated with the Epitrack screening tool before surgery can differentiate memory and quality of life (QOL) profiles, and detect different post-surgical change patterns in these variables in patients with epilepsy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a longitudinal study. Seventy-seven patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (mean age = 37.91) underwent a neuropsychological assessment before and one year after surgery. Epitrack, a screening tool that exclusively evaluates attention and executive functioning, was administered in the pre-surgical assessment, and verbal and visual memory and QOL were assessed before and after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with impaired Epitrack performance had poorer verbal and visual memory than those with intact Epitrack performance, regardless of the time point (for all, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). They also showed a post-surgical decline in immediate verbal recall (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and discriminability (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Patients with intact Epitrack performance did not exhibit this decline. Epitrack total score significantly contributed to 13 and 11% of the variance of post-surgical changes in immediate verbal recall and discriminability, respectively. Epitrack groups did not differ in QOL profiles or changes, but post-surgical immediate verbal recall improvements were related to post-surgical QOL improvements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings underline the utility of Epitrack screening tool to detect different patterns of verbal and visual memory dysfunction, as well as to predict post-surgical verbal memory decline in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Patients with lower pre-surgical Epitrack scores appear to be at increased risk for post-surgical memory decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":50741,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39910042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2022-01-17DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2021.2023155
Andrew DaCosta, Andrew Crane, Analise Roccaforte, Morgan Davies, David Prewitt, Frank Webbe, Anthony LoGalbo
The General Ability Measure for Adults (GAMA) is a brief nonverbal assessment of general intellectual ability. Presently, there is a lack of research involving the use of the GAMA in a high-functioning population. Aviation pilots (n = 59) were referred for a neuropsychological evaluation and were concluded to be cognitively intact. They were administered a battery that included the GAMA and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - 4th edition (WAIS-IV). A paired samples t-test revealed that IQ scores on the GAMA were significantly lower than IQ scores on the WAIS-IV, with WAIS-IV IQ being 7.54 points higher on average. Fisher's exact test determined there was significant disagreement in score classification between the tests, with individuals classified as Above Average on the WAIS-IV often being classified as Average on the GAMA. The GAMA appears to significantly underrepresent true IQ in both score and classification when compared to a more robust measure of intellectual assessment. Clinically, this suggests that IQ screeners, such as the GAMA, may not be appropriate for assessing patients who are suspected to be of higher premorbid functioning. Future research should expand on these results to assess the validity of verbal-based IQ screening measures in high-functioning populations.
{"title":"The general ability measure for adults underrepresents true IQ in a high-functioning aviation population.","authors":"Andrew DaCosta, Andrew Crane, Analise Roccaforte, Morgan Davies, David Prewitt, Frank Webbe, Anthony LoGalbo","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2021.2023155","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2021.2023155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The General Ability Measure for Adults (GAMA) is a brief nonverbal assessment of general intellectual ability. Presently, there is a lack of research involving the use of the GAMA in a high-functioning population. Aviation pilots (<i>n =</i> 59<i>)</i> were referred for a neuropsychological evaluation and were concluded to be cognitively intact. They were administered a battery that included the GAMA and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - 4th edition (WAIS-IV). A paired samples <i>t</i>-test revealed that IQ scores on the GAMA were significantly lower than IQ scores on the WAIS-IV, with WAIS-IV IQ being 7.54 points higher on average. Fisher's exact test determined there was significant disagreement in score classification between the tests, with individuals classified as Above Average on the WAIS-IV often being classified as Average on the GAMA. The GAMA appears to significantly underrepresent true IQ in both score and classification when compared to a more robust measure of intellectual assessment. Clinically, this suggests that IQ screeners, such as the GAMA, may not be appropriate for assessing patients who are suspected to be of higher premorbid functioning. Future research should expand on these results to assess the validity of verbal-based IQ screening measures in high-functioning populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50741,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39827594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2022-02-23DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2039931
You Zhi Hu, Jacqueline Urakami, Hsi Tiana Wei, Lauren H Vomberg, Mark Chignell
Serious games aim to provide cognitive assessments that are more enjoyable and easier to self-administer, potentially leading to more frequent assessments. We carried out two studies examining the relationship between game-playing enjoyment, game difficulty, and cognitive (game) performance. In the first study, 16 participants played three serious games once a week over four weeks as part of an undergraduate course, but with relatively minor motivation in terms of course credits. In the second study, 14 participants played serious games over six sessions in a period of three weeks. Participants included graduate students receiving credit for the course project (a major component of the grade) and friends and family that they recruited. Performance in the more difficult tasks tended to improve over time in the second study, but not in the first. Participants from the first study showed an overall negative sentiment toward the games. However, participants from the second study enjoyed the majority of games except for the more difficult games that required players to temporarily hold and memorize information. Participants got significantly better in the more difficult working memory games, even though these games were less popular than the simpler games. Our interpretation of the results is that enjoyability is important in encouraging people to keep playing cognitive assessment games as time progresses, and that enjoyability helps in maintaining performance in easy games. Higher motivation on the other hand played a significant role in facilitating learning effects in difficult games as well as in maintaining enjoyability.
{"title":"Longitudinal analysis of sustained performance on gamified cognitive assessment tasks.","authors":"You Zhi Hu, Jacqueline Urakami, Hsi Tiana Wei, Lauren H Vomberg, Mark Chignell","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2039931","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2039931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Serious games aim to provide cognitive assessments that are more enjoyable and easier to self-administer, potentially leading to more frequent assessments. We carried out two studies examining the relationship between game-playing enjoyment, game difficulty, and cognitive (game) performance. In the first study, 16 participants played three serious games once a week over four weeks as part of an undergraduate course, but with relatively minor motivation in terms of course credits. In the second study, 14 participants played serious games over six sessions in a period of three weeks. Participants included graduate students receiving credit for the course project (a major component of the grade) and friends and family that they recruited. Performance in the more difficult tasks tended to improve over time in the second study, but not in the first. Participants from the first study showed an overall negative sentiment toward the games. However, participants from the second study enjoyed the majority of games except for the more difficult games that required players to temporarily hold and memorize information. Participants got significantly better in the more difficult working memory games, even though these games were less popular than the simpler games. Our interpretation of the results is that enjoyability is important in encouraging people to keep playing cognitive assessment games as time progresses, and that enjoyability helps in maintaining performance in easy games. Higher motivation on the other hand played a significant role in facilitating learning effects in difficult games as well as in maintaining enjoyability.</p>","PeriodicalId":50741,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39657379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2022-02-17DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2037596
Mohammad Momenian, Kai-Yan Dustin Lau, Mehdi Bakhtiar
The purpose of this study was to establish psycholinguistic norms for 249 action pictures in Cantonese, a language with few norms available. We provide normative data for rated visual complexity, rated age of acquisition, name agreement, word frequency and rated familiarity in this study. Forty participants were recruited to participate in both timed picture naming and rating experiments. The linear mixed effect analysis revealed that familiarity, visual complexity, and name agreement were significant predictors of action naming in Cantonese. However, AoA did not show any significant effect on action naming, which is consistently observed in previous studies of action picture naming in Chinese. The possible explanation for null effect of AoA on naming latency are discussed. This set of psycholinguistic norms in Cantonese could serve as a valuable resource for future psycholinguistic, neurolinguistic and clinical studies in Cantonese.
{"title":"Developing psycholinguistic norms for action pictures in Cantonese.","authors":"Mohammad Momenian, Kai-Yan Dustin Lau, Mehdi Bakhtiar","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2037596","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2037596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to establish psycholinguistic norms for 249 action pictures in Cantonese, a language with few norms available. We provide normative data for rated visual complexity, rated age of acquisition, name agreement, word frequency and rated familiarity in this study. Forty participants were recruited to participate in both timed picture naming and rating experiments. The linear mixed effect analysis revealed that familiarity, visual complexity, and name agreement were significant predictors of action naming in Cantonese. However, AoA did not show any significant effect on action naming, which is consistently observed in previous studies of action picture naming in Chinese. The possible explanation for null effect of AoA on naming latency are discussed. This set of psycholinguistic norms in Cantonese could serve as a valuable resource for future psycholinguistic, neurolinguistic and clinical studies in Cantonese.</p>","PeriodicalId":50741,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39929274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2022-01-10DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2021.2023811
Mohamad El Haj, Claire Boutoleau-Bretonnière, Karim Gallouj, Philippe Allain, Pascal Antoine
A common question in the neuropsychological testing of patients with Alzheimer's Disease is whether or not patients should be tested in the presence of their spouses. We addressed this issue by assessing the neuropsychological performances of Alzheimer's Disease patients in the presence or absence of spouses. Results showed no significant differences between patients' performances in the presence or absence of spouses on tests assessing general cognitive abilities, episodic memory, working memory, inhibition and flexibility. No significant differences were observed regarding either anxiety or depression in patients when tested alone, compared to when spouses were attending. However, patients demonstrated higher verbal fluency when tested alone compared to when spouses attended. Clinicians may carry out neuropsychological assessment in the presence or absence of spouses, except when assessing verbal fluency. In such cases, clinicians should privilege testing patients alone or, if spouses attend the test, take into account this variable when interpreting patients' performances.
{"title":"Neuropsychological assessment of patients with alzheimer's Disease in the presence or absence of spouses.","authors":"Mohamad El Haj, Claire Boutoleau-Bretonnière, Karim Gallouj, Philippe Allain, Pascal Antoine","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2021.2023811","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2021.2023811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A common question in the neuropsychological testing of patients with Alzheimer's Disease is whether or not patients should be tested in the presence of their spouses. We addressed this issue by assessing the neuropsychological performances of Alzheimer's Disease patients in the presence or absence of spouses. Results showed no significant differences between patients' performances in the presence or absence of spouses on tests assessing general cognitive abilities, episodic memory, working memory, inhibition and flexibility. No significant differences were observed regarding either anxiety or depression in patients when tested alone, compared to when spouses were attending. However, patients demonstrated higher verbal fluency when tested alone compared to when spouses attended. Clinicians may carry out neuropsychological assessment in the presence or absence of spouses, except when assessing verbal fluency. In such cases, clinicians should privilege testing patients alone or, if spouses attend the test, take into account this variable when interpreting patients' performances.</p>","PeriodicalId":50741,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39680211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: The goal of this study was to determine the discriminant potential of the Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) in older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment multiple domain (mdMCI) and Alzheimer's Disease Dementia (ADD; mild subtype) as compared to older adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD).Materials and methods: We administered RCFT in 608 older adults, dividing them in three groups (217 individuals with SCD; 304 mdMCI population; 106 people with mild ADD, aged 50-90years; M = 66.9, SD = 8.4) and a mean education of 10.20 (SD 4.3) years.Results: RCFT subtests have excellent discriminant validity, mainly between people with SCD and those with mild ADD. However, its discriminant validity in detecting older adults with SCD among mdMCI population is still questionable.Discussion: The use of RFCT in discriminating older adults with SCD from those with mild ADD both in research as well as in clinical practice is highly recommended.
{"title":"The discriminant validity of Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) in subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment (multiple domain) and Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD; mild stage) in Greek older adults.","authors":"Marianna Tsatali, Konstantina Avdikou, Moses Gialaouzidis, Despoina Minopoulou, Anna Emmanouel, Eleni Kouroundi, Magda Tsolaki","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2037089","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2037089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> The goal of this study was to determine the discriminant potential of the Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) in older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment multiple domain (mdMCI) and Alzheimer's Disease Dementia (ADD; mild subtype) as compared to older adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD).<b>Materials and methods:</b> We administered RCFT in 608 older adults, dividing them in three groups (217 individuals with SCD; 304 mdMCI population; 106 people with mild ADD, aged 50-90<b> </b>years; <i>M</i> = 66.9, <i>SD</i> = 8.4) and a mean education of 10.20 (<i>SD</i> 4.3) years.<b>Results:</b> RCFT subtests have excellent discriminant validity, mainly between people with SCD and those with mild ADD. However, its discriminant validity in detecting older adults with SCD among mdMCI population is still questionable.<b>Discussion:</b> The use of RFCT in discriminating older adults with SCD from those with mild ADD both in research as well as in clinical practice is highly recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":50741,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39638351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2021-12-27DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2021.2021413
Asmus Vogel, Clara Mellergaard, Gunhild Waldemar, Kristian Steen Frederiksen
Cued recall taps amnesia of "the hippocampal type" as typically found in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies investigating the validity of cued recall measures in AD have typically been conducted in research settings. The Category Cued Memory Test (CCMT-48) measures learning/memory using the same categories during encoding and acquisition. The aim of this study was to investigate how frequently impairments were found on the CCMT-48 mild AD patients from a memory clinic (N = 77). We used a case-oriented approach where individually observed scores were compared to expected scores derived from regressions-based normative data. We also investigated if CCMT-48 performances differed in patients with mild AD and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) (N = 90). The results showed a significantly higher frequency of impairment in the AD group as compared to the DLB group for scores below 10th percentile-estimate (impaired: AD 88%; DLB 69%) and 5th percentile-estimate (impaired: AD 82%; DLB 53%). In conclusion, a very high frequency of impairment of a picture-based cued recall test in AD patients (very high sensitivity) in a memory clinic setting. However, specificity is not optimal since impairments also frequently occurred in DLB where memory problems could be assumed to be part of attentional deficits and poor retrieval strategies.
{"title":"Impaired performances on the category cued memory test in mild Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies: A comparative validity study.","authors":"Asmus Vogel, Clara Mellergaard, Gunhild Waldemar, Kristian Steen Frederiksen","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2021.2021413","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2021.2021413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cued recall taps amnesia of \"the hippocampal type\" as typically found in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies investigating the validity of cued recall measures in AD have typically been conducted in research settings. The Category Cued Memory Test (CCMT-48) measures learning/memory using the same categories during encoding and acquisition. The aim of this study was to investigate how frequently impairments were found on the CCMT-48 mild AD patients from a memory clinic (<i>N</i> = 77). We used a case-oriented approach where individually observed scores were compared to expected scores derived from regressions-based normative data. We also investigated if CCMT-48 performances differed in patients with mild AD and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) (<i>N</i> = 90). The results showed a significantly higher frequency of impairment in the AD group as compared to the DLB group for scores below 10th percentile-estimate (impaired: AD 88%; DLB 69%) and 5th percentile-estimate (impaired: AD 82%; DLB 53%). In conclusion, a very high frequency of impairment of a picture-based cued recall test in AD patients (very high sensitivity) in a memory clinic setting. However, specificity is not optimal since impairments also frequently occurred in DLB where memory problems could be assumed to be part of attentional deficits and poor retrieval strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50741,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39878213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2022-01-17DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2021.2021411
Xiao Fei, Yi Zhang, Yun Cheng, Yu Zhang, Jing Guo
Objective The objective was to explore the validity and reliability of the Picture-Based Memory Impairment Screen (PMIS) assessment tool in stroke patients and to provide an objective basis for its application in China.Methods: A total of 30 stroke patients in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and the PMIS. The results were evaluated by content validity, simultaneous validity, consistency test of instruments of assessment, inter-scorer reliability, and retest reliability.Results: The correlation coefficient between each item score and total score of PMIS was between 0.422 and 0.778 (p < 0.05), showing good content validity. The total score of PMIS was moderately positively correlated with the MMSE short-term memory score (p < 0.001), highly positively correlated with the MMSE long-term memory score and retrospective memory score (p < 0.001), and highly positively correlated with the MoCA long-term memory score, memory index and total score (p < 0.001), indicating good criterion validity. The consistency test of the two instruments of assessment showed that a PMIS ≤ 5 was used as the demarcation score for dementia, and it was tested for consistency with the MMSE dementia score of stroke patients, and the Kappa value was 0.81 (p < 0.001). The inter-scorer reliability and retest reliability were good (inter-scorer reliability intra-group correlation coefficient (ICC) >0.95; retest reliability ICC 0.904).Conclusion: The PMIS was a reliable and valid assessment tool, which can be used as memory impairment screening tool for stroke patients in China.
目的 探讨基于图像的记忆障碍筛查(PMIS)评估工具在脑卒中患者中的有效性和可靠性,为其在中国的应用提供客观依据:方法:对康复医学科的 30 名脑卒中患者使用迷你精神状态检查(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估(MoCA)和 PMIS 进行评估。评估结果通过内容效度、同步效度、评估工具一致性测试、评分者间信度和重测信度进行评价:PMIS 各项目得分与总分之间的相关系数介于 0.422 与 0.778 之间(p p p p p 0.95;重测信度 ICC 0.904):PMIS是一个可靠有效的评估工具,可作为中国脑卒中患者记忆障碍筛查工具。
{"title":"Exploration of the application of Picture-Based Memory Impairment Screen in stroke patients in a preliminary study.","authors":"Xiao Fei, Yi Zhang, Yun Cheng, Yu Zhang, Jing Guo","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2021.2021411","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2021.2021411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b> The objective was to explore the validity and reliability of the Picture-Based Memory Impairment Screen (PMIS) assessment tool in stroke patients and to provide an objective basis for its application in China.<b>Methods:</b> A total of 30 stroke patients in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and the PMIS. The results were evaluated by content validity, simultaneous validity, consistency test of instruments of assessment, inter-scorer reliability, and retest reliability.<b>Results:</b> The correlation coefficient between each item score and total score of PMIS was between 0.422 and 0.778 (<i>p</i> < 0.05), showing good content validity. The total score of PMIS was moderately positively correlated with the MMSE short-term memory score (<i>p</i> < 0.001), highly positively correlated with the MMSE long-term memory score and retrospective memory score (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and highly positively correlated with the MoCA long-term memory score, memory index and total score (<i>p</i> < 0.001), indicating good criterion validity. The consistency test of the two instruments of assessment showed that a PMIS ≤ 5 was used as the demarcation score for dementia, and it was tested for consistency with the MMSE dementia score of stroke patients, and the Kappa value was 0.81 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The inter-scorer reliability and retest reliability were good (inter-scorer reliability intra-group correlation coefficient (ICC) >0.95; retest reliability ICC 0.904).<b>Conclusion:</b> The PMIS was a reliable and valid assessment tool, which can be used as memory impairment screening tool for stroke patients in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":50741,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39940566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}