{"title":"Social welfare and scientific racism in modern Japan: discriminated Buraku and the philanthropist Toyohiko Kagawa","authors":"Hiroshi Sekiguchi","doi":"10.1537/ase.221027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ase.221027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50751,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67030228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taphonomic observation of Jomon human skeletal remains from a collective burial of the Gongenbara shell-mound, Chiba Prefecture, Japan","authors":"Mari Minagawa, O. Kondo","doi":"10.1537/ase.230223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ase.230223","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50751,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Science","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67030285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Archaeological evidence indicates that dogs appeared in Japan at least 9300 years ago, during the Jomon period. The Jomon period dogs (Jomon dogs) retained the morphological characteristics of ancient domestic dogs throughout the Jomon period, possibly due to their geographical isolation from continental dogs. Therefore, we expect them to retain the genetic characteristics of ancient domestic dogs. To explore this possibility, we determined the mitochondrial genomes of five Jomon dogs, including one of the oldest dogs in Japan (7400–7200 cal BP), and seven late-8th-century Japanese dogs (Suwada dogs). We analyzed these sequences with 719 mitochondrial genomes of ancient and modern canids. The dog mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences have been grouped into six clades (haplogroups A–F), and clade A comprises six sub-clades (sub-haplogroups A1–A6). Classification of the Jomon dogs’ mtDNA haplotypes revealed that these dogs belong to a nested A2/A3 sub-haplogroup not shared by other modern or ancient samples. The mtDNA sequences of Jomon dogs form a monophyletic clade which is sister to the A3 sub-clade in the phylogenetic trees. Network analysis showed that the Jomon dogs’ mtDNA sub-clade diverged close to the base of the A2 and A3 haplotype network, which was centered by an ancient dog from South China. The Jomon dog mtDNAs diverged from A3 (~11500 years ago) soon after the A2 and A3 divergence (~12800 years ago), indicating early divergence of the Jomon dogs’ sub-clade. These results suggest that the Jomon dogs were possibly introduced into the Japanese archipelago 11500–9300 years ago. The mtDNAs of late-8th-century dogs were more diverse and were different haplogroups than that of Jomon dogs, suggesting that other haplogroups likely replaced the haplogroup of Jomon dogs through the introduction of dogs that accompanied the migration of people into Japan in later periods.
考古证据表明，狗出现在日本至少9300年前，在绳纹时期。绳纹时期的狗(绳纹犬)在整个绳纹时期保留了古代家养狗的形态特征，可能是由于它们在地理上与大陆狗隔绝。因此，我们期望它们能保留古代家犬的遗传特征。为了探索这种可能性，我们确定了5只绳纹犬的线粒体基因组，其中包括一只日本最古老的犬(7400-7200 cal BP)，以及7只8世纪晚期的日本犬(水和田犬)。我们用古代和现代犬科动物的719个线粒体基因组分析了这些序列。犬线粒体DNA (mtDNA)序列被划分为6个进化支(单倍群A - f)，进化支A由6个亚进化支(亚单倍群A1-A6)组成。绳纹犬的mtDNA单倍型分类表明，这些犬属于嵌套的A2/A3亚单倍群，与其他现代或古代样本不同。绳纹犬的mtDNA序列与系统发育树上的A3亚分支形成了一个单系进化分支。网络分析表明，绳纹犬的mtDNA亚支在A2和A3单倍型网络的基部附近发散，该网络以华南古犬为中心。在A2和A3分化(~12800年前)后不久，绳纹犬的mtdna从A3分化(~11500年前)，在di中显示了绳纹犬亚支系的早期分化。这些结果表明绳纹犬可能是在11500-9300年前被引入日本群岛的。与绳纹犬相比，8世纪晚期犬的mtdna更加多样化，属于不同的单倍群，这表明其他单倍群可能是在后来随着人类迁移到日本而引入狗的过程中取代绳纹犬的单倍群。
{"title":"The history of ancient Japanese dogs revealed by mitogenomes","authors":"Xiayire Xiaokaiti, Takao Sato, Kenji Kasai, Kenichi Machida, Kyomi Yamazaki, Naomitsu Yamaji, Hiroki Kikuchi, Jun Gojobori, Hitomi Hongo, Yohey Terai, Takashi Gakuhari","doi":"10.1537/ase.230617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ase.230617","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeological evidence indicates that dogs appeared in Japan at least 9300 years ago, during the Jomon period. The Jomon period dogs (Jomon dogs) retained the morphological characteristics of ancient domestic dogs throughout the Jomon period, possibly due to their geographical isolation from continental dogs. Therefore, we expect them to retain the genetic characteristics of ancient domestic dogs. To explore this possibility, we determined the mitochondrial genomes of five Jomon dogs, including one of the oldest dogs in Japan (7400–7200 cal BP), and seven late-8th-century Japanese dogs (Suwada dogs). We analyzed these sequences with 719 mitochondrial genomes of ancient and modern canids. The dog mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences have been grouped into six clades (haplogroups A–F), and clade A comprises six sub-clades (sub-haplogroups A1–A6). Classification of the Jomon dogs’ mtDNA haplotypes revealed that these dogs belong to a nested A2/A3 sub-haplogroup not shared by other modern or ancient samples. The mtDNA sequences of Jomon dogs form a monophyletic clade which is sister to the A3 sub-clade in the phylogenetic trees. Network analysis showed that the Jomon dogs’ mtDNA sub-clade diverged close to the base of the A2 and A3 haplotype network, which was centered by an ancient dog from South China. The Jomon dog mtDNAs diverged from A3 (~11500 years ago) soon after the A2 and A3 divergence (~12800 years ago), indicating early divergence of the Jomon dogs’ sub-clade. These results suggest that the Jomon dogs were possibly introduced into the Japanese archipelago 11500–9300 years ago. The mtDNAs of late-8th-century dogs were more diverse and were different haplogroups than that of Jomon dogs, suggesting that other haplogroups likely replaced the haplogroup of Jomon dogs through the introduction of dogs that accompanied the migration of people into Japan in later periods.","PeriodicalId":50751,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135105009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic technologies and the interplay between public desire, commercial interests, and regulatory powers","authors":"A. Marcon","doi":"10.1537/ase.2210241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ase.2210241","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50751,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67030222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taphonomic analysis of ‘scratches’ on medieval human crania from the Zaimokuza site, Kamakura, Japan","authors":"Katherine Hampson, O. Kondo","doi":"10.1537/ase.221117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ase.221117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50751,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67030277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kentaro Nagai, Mikihito Tanaka, A. Marcon, Ryuma Shineha, K. Tokunaga, T. Caulfield, Yasuko Takezawa
{"title":"Comparing direct-to-consumer genetic testing services in English, Japanese, and Chinese websites","authors":"Kentaro Nagai, Mikihito Tanaka, A. Marcon, Ryuma Shineha, K. Tokunaga, T. Caulfield, Yasuko Takezawa","doi":"10.1537/ase.220905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ase.220905","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50751,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67030220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elena Gil-Donoso, Cecilia García‐Campos, Silvia Blasco-Moreno, Mario Modesto‐Mata, M. Martínez de Pinillos, Chitina Moreno-Torres, M. Martinón‐Torres, J. M. Bermúdez de Castro
{"title":"Sexual dimorphism of deciduous canine dental tissues dimensions of modern human populations","authors":"Elena Gil-Donoso, Cecilia García‐Campos, Silvia Blasco-Moreno, Mario Modesto‐Mata, M. Martínez de Pinillos, Chitina Moreno-Torres, M. Martinón‐Torres, J. M. Bermúdez de Castro","doi":"10.1537/ase.230315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ase.230315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50751,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67030291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyejin Lee, D. Shin, L. Tataurova, Jieun Kim, J. Hong, S. Slepchenko
{"title":"Difference in linear enamel hypoplasia frequency between the 16th- to 19th-century agrarian populations of the Korean Joseon dynasty and Siberian Russia","authors":"Hyejin Lee, D. Shin, L. Tataurova, Jieun Kim, J. Hong, S. Slepchenko","doi":"10.1537/ase.2305162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ase.2305162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50751,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67030297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anatomic variations in the frontal and occipital bones: a comparative study of neurocranial morphology","authors":"S. Nikolova, D. Toneva, N. Lazarov","doi":"10.1537/ase.230112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ase.230112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50751,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67030282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Limb segment proportions of prehistoric Jomon hunter-gatherers from fetal life to adolescence: comparison with four other chronological groups from Japan","authors":"Soichiro Mizushima, K. Hirata","doi":"10.1537/ase.2305161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ase.2305161","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50751,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67030295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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