Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061622-125954
Cassandra Herbert, Satenik Valesyan, Jennifer Kist, Patrick A. Limbach
Ribonucleic acids (RNAs) are key biomolecules responsible for the transmission of genetic information, the synthesis of proteins, and modulation of many biochemical processes. They are also often the key components of viruses. Synthetic RNAs or oligoribonucleotides are becoming more widely used as therapeutics. In many cases, RNAs will be chemically modified, either naturally via enzymatic systems within a cell or intentionally during their synthesis. Analytical methods to detect, sequence, identify, and quantify RNA and its modifications have demands that far exceed requirements found in the DNA realm. Two complementary platforms have demonstrated their value and utility for the characterization of RNA and its modifications: mass spectrometry and next-generation sequencing. This review highlights recent advances in both platforms, examines their relative strengths and weaknesses, and explores some alternative approaches that lie at the horizon.
核糖核酸（RNA）是负责传递遗传信息、合成蛋白质和调节许多生化过程的关键生物大分子。它们通常也是病毒的关键成分。合成 RNA 或寡核苷酸正越来越广泛地用作治疗药物。在许多情况下，RNA 会通过细胞内的酶系统自然或在合成过程中有意进行化学修饰。检测、测序、识别和量化 RNA 及其修饰的分析方法的要求远远超过 DNA 领域的要求。质谱法和新一代测序法这两种互补平台已经证明了它们在表征 RNA 及其修饰方面的价值和实用性。这篇综述重点介绍了这两种平台的最新进展，研究了它们的相对优缺点，并探讨了一些即将出现的替代方法。
{"title":"Analysis of RNA and Its Modifications","authors":"Cassandra Herbert, Satenik Valesyan, Jennifer Kist, Patrick A. Limbach","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anchem-061622-125954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-061622-125954","url":null,"abstract":"Ribonucleic acids (RNAs) are key biomolecules responsible for the transmission of genetic information, the synthesis of proteins, and modulation of many biochemical processes. They are also often the key components of viruses. Synthetic RNAs or oligoribonucleotides are becoming more widely used as therapeutics. In many cases, RNAs will be chemically modified, either naturally via enzymatic systems within a cell or intentionally during their synthesis. Analytical methods to detect, sequence, identify, and quantify RNA and its modifications have demands that far exceed requirements found in the DNA realm. Two complementary platforms have demonstrated their value and utility for the characterization of RNA and its modifications: mass spectrometry and next-generation sequencing. This review highlights recent advances in both platforms, examines their relative strengths and weaknesses, and explores some alternative approaches that lie at the horizon.","PeriodicalId":50758,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140566202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-21DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061522-035207
Monika Poonia, Courtney J. Morder, Hannah C. Schorr, Zachary D. Schultz
Raman scattering provides a chemical-specific and label-free method for identifying and quantifying molecules in flowing solutions. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the application of Raman spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to flowing liquid samples. We summarize developments in online and at-line detection using Raman and SERS analysis, including the design of microfluidic devices, the development of unique SERS substrates, novel sampling interfaces, and coupling these approaches to fluid-based chemical separations (e.g., chromatography and electrophoresis). The article highlights the challenges and limitations associated with these techniques and provides examples of their applications in a variety of fields, including chemistry, biology, and environmental science. Overall, this review demonstrates the utility of Raman and SERS for analysis of complex mixtures and highlights the potential for further development and optimization of these techniques.Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry, Volume 17 is May 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
{"title":"Raman and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Detection in Flowing Solutions for Complex Mixture Analysis","authors":"Monika Poonia, Courtney J. Morder, Hannah C. Schorr, Zachary D. Schultz","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anchem-061522-035207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-061522-035207","url":null,"abstract":"Raman scattering provides a chemical-specific and label-free method for identifying and quantifying molecules in flowing solutions. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the application of Raman spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to flowing liquid samples. We summarize developments in online and at-line detection using Raman and SERS analysis, including the design of microfluidic devices, the development of unique SERS substrates, novel sampling interfaces, and coupling these approaches to fluid-based chemical separations (e.g., chromatography and electrophoresis). The article highlights the challenges and limitations associated with these techniques and provides examples of their applications in a variety of fields, including chemistry, biology, and environmental science. Overall, this review demonstrates the utility of Raman and SERS for analysis of complex mixtures and highlights the potential for further development and optimization of these techniques.Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry, Volume 17 is May 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":50758,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139923576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-13DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-111458
S. Grist, K. Bennewith, K. Cheung
Oxygen plays a fundamental role in respiration and metabolism, and quantifying oxygen levels is essential in many environmental, industrial, and research settings. Microdevices facilitate the study of dynamic, oxygen-dependent effects in real time. This review is organized around the key needs for oxygen measurement in microdevices, including integrability into microfabricated systems; sensor dynamic range and sensitivity; spatially resolved measurements to map oxygen over two- or three-dimensional regions of interest; and compatibility with multimodal and multianalyte measurements. After a brief overview of biological readouts of oxygen, followed by oxygen sensor types that have been implemented in microscale devices and sensing mechanisms, this review presents select recent applications in organs-on-chip in vitro models and new sensor capabilities enabling oxygen microscopy, bioprocess manufacturing, and pharmaceutical industries. With the advancement of multiplexed, interconnected sensors and instruments and integration with industry workflows, intelligent microdevice-sensor systems including oxygen sensors will have further impact in environmental science, manufacturing, and medicine.
{"title":"Oxygen Measurement in Microdevices.","authors":"S. Grist, K. Bennewith, K. Cheung","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-111458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-111458","url":null,"abstract":"Oxygen plays a fundamental role in respiration and metabolism, and quantifying oxygen levels is essential in many environmental, industrial, and research settings. Microdevices facilitate the study of dynamic, oxygen-dependent effects in real time. This review is organized around the key needs for oxygen measurement in microdevices, including integrability into microfabricated systems; sensor dynamic range and sensitivity; spatially resolved measurements to map oxygen over two- or three-dimensional regions of interest; and compatibility with multimodal and multianalyte measurements. After a brief overview of biological readouts of oxygen, followed by oxygen sensor types that have been implemented in microscale devices and sensing mechanisms, this review presents select recent applications in organs-on-chip in vitro models and new sensor capabilities enabling oxygen microscopy, bioprocess manufacturing, and pharmaceutical industries. With the advancement of multiplexed, interconnected sensors and instruments and integration with industry workflows, intelligent microdevice-sensor systems including oxygen sensors will have further impact in environmental science, manufacturing, and medicine.","PeriodicalId":50758,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47974168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-25DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-104216
Jingjing Zhang, Tian Lan, Yi Lu
For many years, numerous efforts have been focused on the development of sensitive, selective, and practical sensors for environmental monitoring, food safety, and medical diagnostic applications. However, the transition from innovative research to commercial success is relatively sparse. In this review, we identify several barriers to developing successful sensors for practical applications, including the lack of general methods to (a) generate receptors for a wide range of targets, (b) improve sensor selectivity to overcome interferences, (c) transduce the selective binding to different optical, electrochemical, and other signals, and (d) tune dynamic range to match thresholds of detection required for different targets. We then summarize solutions to overcome these barriers using sensors based on functional nucleic acids that include DNAzymes, aptamers, and aptazymes and how these sensors are coupled to widely available measurement devices to expand their capabilities and lower the barrier for their practical applications in the field and point-of-care settings. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry Volume 15 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
{"title":"Overcoming Major Barriers to Developing Successful Sensors for Practical Applications Using Functional Nucleic Acids.","authors":"Jingjing Zhang, Tian Lan, Yi Lu","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-104216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-104216","url":null,"abstract":"For many years, numerous efforts have been focused on the development of sensitive, selective, and practical sensors for environmental monitoring, food safety, and medical diagnostic applications. However, the transition from innovative research to commercial success is relatively sparse. In this review, we identify several barriers to developing successful sensors for practical applications, including the lack of general methods to (a) generate receptors for a wide range of targets, (b) improve sensor selectivity to overcome interferences, (c) transduce the selective binding to different optical, electrochemical, and other signals, and (d) tune dynamic range to match thresholds of detection required for different targets. We then summarize solutions to overcome these barriers using sensors based on functional nucleic acids that include DNAzymes, aptamers, and aptazymes and how these sensors are coupled to widely available measurement devices to expand their capabilities and lower the barrier for their practical applications in the field and point-of-care settings. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry Volume 15 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":50758,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43687395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-18DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-111722
A. Harbauer, A. Schneider, D. Wohlleber
Cellular organelles are highly specialized compartments with distinct functions. With the increasing resolution of detection methods, it is becoming clearer that same organelles may have different functions or properties not only within different cell populations of a tissue but also within the same cell. Dysfunction or altered function affects the organelle itself and may also lead to malignancies or undesirable cell death. To understand cellular function or dysfunction, it is therefore necessary to analyze cellular components at the single-organelle level. Here, we review the recent advances in analyzing cellular function at single-organelle resolution using high-parameter flow cytometry or multicolor confocal microscopy. We focus on the analysis of mitochondria, as they are organelles at the crossroads of various cellular signaling pathways and functions. However, most of the applied methods/technologies are transferable to any other organelle, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, or peroxisomes. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry Volume 15 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
{"title":"Analysis of Mitochondria by Single-Organelle Resolution.","authors":"A. Harbauer, A. Schneider, D. Wohlleber","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-111722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-111722","url":null,"abstract":"Cellular organelles are highly specialized compartments with distinct functions. With the increasing resolution of detection methods, it is becoming clearer that same organelles may have different functions or properties not only within different cell populations of a tissue but also within the same cell. Dysfunction or altered function affects the organelle itself and may also lead to malignancies or undesirable cell death. To understand cellular function or dysfunction, it is therefore necessary to analyze cellular components at the single-organelle level. Here, we review the recent advances in analyzing cellular function at single-organelle resolution using high-parameter flow cytometry or multicolor confocal microscopy. We focus on the analysis of mitochondria, as they are organelles at the crossroads of various cellular signaling pathways and functions. However, most of the applied methods/technologies are transferable to any other organelle, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, or peroxisomes. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry Volume 15 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":50758,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43273380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-17DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-014925
W. R. Algar, Katherine D. Krause
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a widely used fluorescence-based sensing mechanism. To date, most implementations of FRET sensors have relied on a discrete donor-acceptor pair for detection of each analytical target. FRET networks are an emerging concept in which target recognition perturbs a set of interconnected FRET pathways between multiple emitters. Here, we review the energy transfer topologies and scaffold materials for FRET networks, propose a general nomenclature, and qualitatively summarize the dynamics of the competitive, sequential, homoFRET, and heteroFRET pathways that constitute FRET networks. Implementations of FRET networks for sensing are also described, including concentric FRET probes, other single-vector multiplexing, and logic gates and switches. Unresolved questions and future research directions for current systems are discussed, as are potential but currently unexplored applications of FRET networks in sensing. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry Volume 15 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
{"title":"Developing FRET Networks for Sensing.","authors":"W. R. Algar, Katherine D. Krause","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-014925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-014925","url":null,"abstract":"Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a widely used fluorescence-based sensing mechanism. To date, most implementations of FRET sensors have relied on a discrete donor-acceptor pair for detection of each analytical target. FRET networks are an emerging concept in which target recognition perturbs a set of interconnected FRET pathways between multiple emitters. Here, we review the energy transfer topologies and scaffold materials for FRET networks, propose a general nomenclature, and qualitatively summarize the dynamics of the competitive, sequential, homoFRET, and heteroFRET pathways that constitute FRET networks. Implementations of FRET networks for sensing are also described, including concentric FRET probes, other single-vector multiplexing, and logic gates and switches. Unresolved questions and future research directions for current systems are discussed, as are potential but currently unexplored applications of FRET networks in sensing. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry Volume 15 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":50758,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44324937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-17DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-125416
K. M. Seaton, M. Cable, A. Stockton
One of the greatest and most long-lived scientific pursuits of humankind has been to discover and study the planetary objects comprising our solar system. Information gained from solar system observations, via both remote sensing and in situ measurements, is inherently constrained by the analytical (often chemical) techniques we employ in these endeavors. The past 50 years of planetary science missions have resulted in immense discoveries within and beyond our solar system, enabled by state-of-the-art analytical chemical instrument suites on board these missions. In this review, we highlight and discuss some of the most impactful analytical chemical instruments flown on planetary science missions within the last 20 years, including analytical techniques ranging from remote spectroscopy to in situ chemical separations. We first highlight mission-based remote and in situ spectroscopic techniques, followed by in situ separation and mass spectrometry analyses. The results of these investigations are discussed, and their implications examined, from worlds as close as Venus and familiar as Mars to as far away and exotic as Titan. Instruments currently in development for planetary science missions in the near future are also discussed, as are the promises their capabilities bring. Analytical chemistry is critical to understanding what lies beyond Earth in our solar system, and this review seeks to highlight how questions, analytical tools, and answers have intersected over the past 20 years and their implications for the near future. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry Volume 15 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
{"title":"Analytical Chemistry Throughout This Solar System.","authors":"K. M. Seaton, M. Cable, A. Stockton","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-125416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-125416","url":null,"abstract":"One of the greatest and most long-lived scientific pursuits of humankind has been to discover and study the planetary objects comprising our solar system. Information gained from solar system observations, via both remote sensing and in situ measurements, is inherently constrained by the analytical (often chemical) techniques we employ in these endeavors. The past 50 years of planetary science missions have resulted in immense discoveries within and beyond our solar system, enabled by state-of-the-art analytical chemical instrument suites on board these missions. In this review, we highlight and discuss some of the most impactful analytical chemical instruments flown on planetary science missions within the last 20 years, including analytical techniques ranging from remote spectroscopy to in situ chemical separations. We first highlight mission-based remote and in situ spectroscopic techniques, followed by in situ separation and mass spectrometry analyses. The results of these investigations are discussed, and their implications examined, from worlds as close as Venus and familiar as Mars to as far away and exotic as Titan. Instruments currently in development for planetary science missions in the near future are also discussed, as are the promises their capabilities bring. Analytical chemistry is critical to understanding what lies beyond Earth in our solar system, and this review seeks to highlight how questions, analytical tools, and answers have intersected over the past 20 years and their implications for the near future. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry Volume 15 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":50758,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63950583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-08DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-121521-122615
G. Caniglia, Gozde Tezcan, Gabriel N. Meloni, P. Unwin, C. Kranz
Surface charge density and distribution play an important role in almost all interfacial processes, influencing, for example, adsorption, colloidal stability, functional material activity, electrochemical processes, corrosion, nanoparticle toxicity, and cellular processes such as signaling, absorption, and adhesion. Understanding the heterogeneity in, and distribution of, surface and interfacial charge is key to elucidating the mechanisms underlying reactivity, the stability of materials, and biophysical processes. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) are highly suitable for probing the material/electrolyte interface at the nanoscale through recent advances in probe design, significant instrumental (hardware and software) developments, and the evolution of multifunctional imaging protocols. Here, we assess the capability of AFM and SICM for surface charge mapping, covering the basic underpinning principles alongside experimental considerations. We illustrate and compare the use of AFM and SICM for visualizing surface and interfacial charge with examples from materials science, geochemistry, and the life sciences. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry Volume 15 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
{"title":"Probing and Visualizing Interfacial Charge at Surfaces in Aqueous Solution.","authors":"G. Caniglia, Gozde Tezcan, Gabriel N. Meloni, P. Unwin, C. Kranz","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anchem-121521-122615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-121521-122615","url":null,"abstract":"Surface charge density and distribution play an important role in almost all interfacial processes, influencing, for example, adsorption, colloidal stability, functional material activity, electrochemical processes, corrosion, nanoparticle toxicity, and cellular processes such as signaling, absorption, and adhesion. Understanding the heterogeneity in, and distribution of, surface and interfacial charge is key to elucidating the mechanisms underlying reactivity, the stability of materials, and biophysical processes. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) are highly suitable for probing the material/electrolyte interface at the nanoscale through recent advances in probe design, significant instrumental (hardware and software) developments, and the evolution of multifunctional imaging protocols. Here, we assess the capability of AFM and SICM for surface charge mapping, covering the basic underpinning principles alongside experimental considerations. We illustrate and compare the use of AFM and SICM for visualizing surface and interfacial charge with examples from materials science, geochemistry, and the life sciences. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry Volume 15 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":50758,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49300978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-24DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-015943
Jean‐François Lemineur, Hui Wang, Wei Wang, F. Kanoufi
An optical microscope is probably the most intuitive, simple, and commonly used instrument to observe objects and discuss behaviors through images. Although the idea of imaging electrochemical processes operando by optical microscopy was initiated 40 years ago, it was not until significant progress was made in the last two decades in advanced optical microscopy or plasmonics that it could become a mainstream electroanalytical strategy. This review illustrates the potential of different optical microscopies to visualize and quantify local electrochemical processes with unprecedented temporal and spatial resolution (below the diffraction limit), up to the single object level with subnanoparticle or single-molecule sensitivity. Developed through optically and electrochemically active model systems, optical microscopy is now shifting to materials and configurations focused on real-world electrochemical applications. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry Volume 15 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
{"title":"Emerging Optical Microscopy Techniques for Electrochemistry.","authors":"Jean‐François Lemineur, Hui Wang, Wei Wang, F. Kanoufi","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-015943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-015943","url":null,"abstract":"An optical microscope is probably the most intuitive, simple, and commonly used instrument to observe objects and discuss behaviors through images. Although the idea of imaging electrochemical processes operando by optical microscopy was initiated 40 years ago, it was not until significant progress was made in the last two decades in advanced optical microscopy or plasmonics that it could become a mainstream electroanalytical strategy. This review illustrates the potential of different optical microscopies to visualize and quantify local electrochemical processes with unprecedented temporal and spatial resolution (below the diffraction limit), up to the single object level with subnanoparticle or single-molecule sensitivity. Developed through optically and electrochemically active model systems, optical microscopy is now shifting to materials and configurations focused on real-world electrochemical applications. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry Volume 15 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":50758,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44466486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-15DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071015-041605
J. Cunningham, P. R. DeGregory, R. Crooks
In the last decade, paper analytical devices (PADs) have evolved into sophisticated yet simple sensors with biological and environmental applications in the developed and developing world. The focus of this review is the technological improvements that have over the past five years increased the applicability of PADs to real-world problems. Specifically, this review reports on advances in sample processing, fluid flow control, signal amplification, and component integration. Throughout, we have sought to emphasize advances that retain the main virtues of PADs: low cost, portability, and simplicity.
{"title":"New Functionalities for Paper-Based Sensors Lead to Simplified User Operation, Lower Limits of Detection, and New Applications.","authors":"J. Cunningham, P. R. DeGregory, R. Crooks","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anchem-071015-041605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-071015-041605","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, paper analytical devices (PADs) have evolved into sophisticated yet simple sensors with biological and environmental applications in the developed and developing world. The focus of this review is the technological improvements that have over the past five years increased the applicability of PADs to real-world problems. Specifically, this review reports on advances in sample processing, fluid flow control, signal amplification, and component integration. Throughout, we have sought to emphasize advances that retain the main virtues of PADs: low cost, portability, and simplicity.","PeriodicalId":50758,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-anchem-071015-041605","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63950818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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