Human harvesting has been considered as the main cause of depletion and even extinction for many littoral species in the Mediterranean through the Pleistocene to Holocene. One of the most endangered marine species nowadays in this area is the Mediterranean Ribbed Limpet (Patella ferruginea), whose reduction in its distributional area and population number has been traditionally associated with human pressure. However, according to the fossil records and the information available, it seems that the environmental factors could be responsible for its extirpation of some areas in the Mediterranean during the Quaternary such as the Balearic archipelago.
The Lower Cretaceous ammonite species Ammonites flexisulcatus d’Orbigny is revised on the basis of seventy-five topotype specimens, including the newly designated neotype, from the Cassis–Roquefort-la-Bédoule area, southern France. Because of its suture line and juvenile shell morphology, Ammonites flexisulcatus belongs to the family Desmoceratidae, and is herein assigned to the upper Aptian genus Caseyella Cantú-Chapa. Our palaeobiological study documents a morpho-dimensional dimorphism based on small-sized, robust, ribbed microconchs with a short ventral rostrum, and large, high-whorled macroconchs with a simple aperture. This species occurs in the upper part of the Epicheloniceras martini standard ammonite zone in both the South Provence and Vocontian Basin of southeastern France. Another morphotype of Caseyella, which occurs in the lower part of the Epicheloniceras martini Zone of southern France and Spain, differs by a flattened ventral region in the juveniles; pending examination, they could belong to a new species or consist of an ecological variant of Caseyella flexisulcata. These stratigraphic occurrences subscribe to previous observations suggesting that the Mediterranean Caseyella are younger than the species group of Caseyella reesidei dating the basal upper Aptian in Mexico.
The bivalve fauna of the Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) successions belonging to the Daïa and Nador mountains (NW Algeria) is taxonomically described and figured. For the first time, sixteen bivalve taxa were identified, partly in open nomenclature because of their poor state of preservation. Most taxa are represented by internal casts. The fauna was collected from two different formations of the same age: the Dolomies de Tlemcen Formation in the Daïa Mountains and the Faïdja Formation in the Nador Mountains. The lithologic characteristics of these formations, together with their fossil content and taphonomic features, confirm that these localities are characterized by marine conditions. The north-western Algerian bivalve assemblage holds the largest portion of cosmopolitan species.