Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i5.2024.5616
Sitansu Ranjan Swain, Dr. Vijaya Rudraraju, Dr. Sasmita Nayak
The value addition of millets presents significant opportunities for elevating the economic status and livelihoods of rural women not only for increased income, but also for enhancing national productivity, creating employment, and fostering economic independence, personal growth, and social upliftment. Major millets, minor millets, and little millets constitute distinct types within the millet family. In India, minor and little millets are classified as coarse cereals. Women SHGs in Odisha have been directly involved in the marketing of millets and millet-based products since 2021.This report seeks to investigate the extent to which women active in millet marketing are empowered. The study is for doing a qualitative analysis of the respondents' abilities to promote the product and focus on drawing useful conclusions on how they are being empowered. The sample for the study would involve one woman from each Self Help Group (SHG) and 5 to 6 SHGs would be taken for the collection of data. This study understands the processes involved in marketing of millets and throws light on how women empowerment is possible through it.
{"title":"EMPOWERING WOMEN THROUGH MILLET ENTREPRENEURSHIP: CULTIVATING SUCCESS AND SUSTAINABILITY","authors":"Sitansu Ranjan Swain, Dr. Vijaya Rudraraju, Dr. Sasmita Nayak","doi":"10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i5.2024.5616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i5.2024.5616","url":null,"abstract":"The value addition of millets presents significant opportunities for elevating the economic status and livelihoods of rural women not only for increased income, but also for enhancing national productivity, creating employment, and fostering economic independence, personal growth, and social upliftment. Major millets, minor millets, and little millets constitute distinct types within the millet family. In India, minor and little millets are classified as coarse cereals. Women SHGs in Odisha have been directly involved in the marketing of millets and millet-based products since 2021.This report seeks to investigate the extent to which women active in millet marketing are empowered. The study is for doing a qualitative analysis of the respondents' abilities to promote the product and focus on drawing useful conclusions on how they are being empowered. The sample for the study would involve one woman from each Self Help Group (SHG) and 5 to 6 SHGs would be taken for the collection of data. This study understands the processes involved in marketing of millets and throws light on how women empowerment is possible through it.","PeriodicalId":508420,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-09DOI: 10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i4.2024.5622
Dnyaneshwar. K. Jadhav, Rupesh Deelipkumar Bora, Sankalp Shyam Bawiskar
Ayurveda not only a healing system but also it is a living style. So to protect the health and achieve the long life one should follow the some regiments describe in Ayurveda. That is daily regimens and seasonal regimens.During covid-19 whole world suffering from several illness that time only personal and social hygiene play major role. All these hygiene guidelines mentioned in Ayurveda. Personal guidelines mentioned under title of dincharya. In this review study will focus on Ayurvedic Approach towards the maintenance of personal hygiene.
{"title":"A SHORT REVIEW ON AYURVEDIC APPROACH TOWARDS THE MAINTENANCE OF PERSONAL HYGIENE","authors":"Dnyaneshwar. K. Jadhav, Rupesh Deelipkumar Bora, Sankalp Shyam Bawiskar","doi":"10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i4.2024.5622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i4.2024.5622","url":null,"abstract":"Ayurveda not only a healing system but also it is a living style. So to protect the health and achieve the long life one should follow the some regiments describe in Ayurveda. That is daily regimens and seasonal regimens.During covid-19 whole world suffering from several illness that time only personal and social hygiene play major role. All these hygiene guidelines mentioned in Ayurveda. Personal guidelines mentioned under title of dincharya. In this review study will focus on Ayurvedic Approach towards the maintenance of personal hygiene.","PeriodicalId":508420,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140996865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-08DOI: 10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i4.2024.5607
P. S. Sarkar
This research article delves into the intricate relationship between sustainable development and democracy, with a specific focus on the states of Tripura and West Bengal in India. Through a comprehensive policy analysis, it examines the extent to which democratic governance influences sustainable development initiatives in these regions. Tripura and West Bengal offer contrasting socio-political landscapes, making them ideal case studies to explore the interplay between democratic principles and sustainable development policies. By scrutinizing the implementation, effectiveness, and outcomes of various sustainability initiatives in both states, this study aims to identify key factors that either facilitate or hinder the integration of sustainable development goals within democratic frameworks. Furthermore, it evaluates the role of governmental institutions, civil society organizations, and grassroots movements in promoting sustainable development practices amidst democratic governance structures. The findings of this research contribute to a deeper understanding of how democracy can serve as a catalyst or a constraint in fostering sustainable development at the regional level, offering valuable insights for policymakers, development practitioners, and scholars alike.
{"title":"SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & DEMOCRACY IN INDIA A POLICY ANALYSIS FROM TRIPURA & WEST BENGAL","authors":"P. S. Sarkar","doi":"10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i4.2024.5607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i4.2024.5607","url":null,"abstract":"This research article delves into the intricate relationship between sustainable development and democracy, with a specific focus on the states of Tripura and West Bengal in India. Through a comprehensive policy analysis, it examines the extent to which democratic governance influences sustainable development initiatives in these regions. Tripura and West Bengal offer contrasting socio-political landscapes, making them ideal case studies to explore the interplay between democratic principles and sustainable development policies. By scrutinizing the implementation, effectiveness, and outcomes of various sustainability initiatives in both states, this study aims to identify key factors that either facilitate or hinder the integration of sustainable development goals within democratic frameworks. Furthermore, it evaluates the role of governmental institutions, civil society organizations, and grassroots movements in promoting sustainable development practices amidst democratic governance structures. The findings of this research contribute to a deeper understanding of how democracy can serve as a catalyst or a constraint in fostering sustainable development at the regional level, offering valuable insights for policymakers, development practitioners, and scholars alike.","PeriodicalId":508420,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH","volume":" 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141000167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-08DOI: 10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i4.2024.5556
Rashel Sheikh, Md. Abdus Sabur, Md. Abu Sina
This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of business ethics practices from 2014 to 2023 against the backdrop of a rapidly changing socio-economic landscape. Recognizing the escalating global challenges, the study employs the PRISMA framework to scrutinize 60 selected articles out of 1023 database entries. Examining business ethics through various lenses, the paper categorizes articles by year, country, continent, and subject groups. Initial emphasis on business ethics and Human Resource Management underscores the global impact of leadership, governance, and ethical interventions in maintaining standards. Noteworthy findings highlight NGOs' role in promoting ethical considerations in HRM practices. Leadership, codes of ethics and transparency emerge as pivotal factors in fostering sound business ethics. The study further explores the intersection of business ethics and marketing, emphasizing ethical practices' role in influencing consumer confidence, organizational performance, and brand image. The interconnectedness of business ethics and sustainability challenges the perception of associated costs, advocating for ethical rule integration in Small and Medium Enterprises. Additionally, the paper delves into the incorporation of Islamic principles into business ethics, showcasing their potential to transform businesses into socially responsible entities.
{"title":"ETHICAL HORIZONS: A COMPREHENSIVE EXPLORATION OF CONTEMPORARY BUSINESS ETHICS PRACTICES","authors":"Rashel Sheikh, Md. Abdus Sabur, Md. Abu Sina","doi":"10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i4.2024.5556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i4.2024.5556","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of business ethics practices from 2014 to 2023 against the backdrop of a rapidly changing socio-economic landscape. Recognizing the escalating global challenges, the study employs the PRISMA framework to scrutinize 60 selected articles out of 1023 database entries. Examining business ethics through various lenses, the paper categorizes articles by year, country, continent, and subject groups. Initial emphasis on business ethics and Human Resource Management underscores the global impact of leadership, governance, and ethical interventions in maintaining standards. Noteworthy findings highlight NGOs' role in promoting ethical considerations in HRM practices. Leadership, codes of ethics and transparency emerge as pivotal factors in fostering sound business ethics. The study further explores the intersection of business ethics and marketing, emphasizing ethical practices' role in influencing consumer confidence, organizational performance, and brand image. The interconnectedness of business ethics and sustainability challenges the perception of associated costs, advocating for ethical rule integration in Small and Medium Enterprises. Additionally, the paper delves into the incorporation of Islamic principles into business ethics, showcasing their potential to transform businesses into socially responsible entities.","PeriodicalId":508420,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH","volume":" 55","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141000769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-08DOI: 10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i4.2024.5606
Poulami Mukhopadhyay, Manika Mazumder, Dipanwita Sen
Introduction: Over the world, obesity has spread like wildfire and is now a major public health concern. Obesity in adolescence tends to trace into adulthood and becomes difficult to treat. A child with an increased BMI has a risk of becoming overweight or obese at age 35 and this risk increases with the advancement of age.Aim: This study aims to determine the obesity among adolescent girls and to find out associated factors of obesity among adolescent girls in selected urban communities, West Bengal.Methods: A descriptive survey research was carried out among 1245 adolescents selected through non-probability consecutive sampling technique and from them, 103 obese participants were selected based on BMI values through nonprobability purposive sampling technique. Data was gathered using a validated semi-structured and structured questionnaire. Data were gathered on adolescent’s demographic characteristics and BMI and associated factors of obesity.Result: The result revealed that 8.27% of the respondents were obese, 18.96% of the adolescents were overweight, 54.70 % of the respondents had normal weight and 18.07 % of them had thinness. Chi-Square findings revealed that there was significant association seen between the obesity and age of the adolescent girls (p<0.01), educational status (p<0.001), food habit, family income. The findings of the study have significant implications for nursing practice, education, administration, and research.Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity was observed higher in the age group of above 15 years. The findings of this study indicate that to ensure good health now and in the future, adolescents should be taught the value of a balanced diet, regular exercise, and limiting screen time for primary prevention. The youngster of today is the adult of tomorrow in good health.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF OBESITY AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN SELECTED URBAN COMMUNITY, WEST BENGAL","authors":"Poulami Mukhopadhyay, Manika Mazumder, Dipanwita Sen","doi":"10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i4.2024.5606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i4.2024.5606","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Over the world, obesity has spread like wildfire and is now a major public health concern. Obesity in adolescence tends to trace into adulthood and becomes difficult to treat. A child with an increased BMI has a risk of becoming overweight or obese at age 35 and this risk increases with the advancement of age.Aim: This study aims to determine the obesity among adolescent girls and to find out associated factors of obesity among adolescent girls in selected urban communities, West Bengal.Methods: A descriptive survey research was carried out among 1245 adolescents selected through non-probability consecutive sampling technique and from them, 103 obese participants were selected based on BMI values through nonprobability purposive sampling technique. Data was gathered using a validated semi-structured and structured questionnaire. Data were gathered on adolescent’s demographic characteristics and BMI and associated factors of obesity.Result: The result revealed that 8.27% of the respondents were obese, 18.96% of the adolescents were overweight, 54.70 % of the respondents had normal weight and 18.07 % of them had thinness. Chi-Square findings revealed that there was significant association seen between the obesity and age of the adolescent girls (p<0.01), educational status (p<0.001), food habit, family income. The findings of the study have significant implications for nursing practice, education, administration, and research.Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity was observed higher in the age group of above 15 years. The findings of this study indicate that to ensure good health now and in the future, adolescents should be taught the value of a balanced diet, regular exercise, and limiting screen time for primary prevention. The youngster of today is the adult of tomorrow in good health.","PeriodicalId":508420,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140998278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i2.2024.5521
Soumya Bharadwaj, Ritu Sanwal
One of the most prevalent issues with the kidneys is nephrotoxicity, which happens when the body is exposed to a toxin or medicine. With the growing availability of powerful therapeutic medications such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), a variety of pharmaceuticals can have a negative impact on the kidney, leading to acute renal failure, chronic interstitial nephritis, and nephritic syndrome. Ethiopian native Carissa spinarum (Apocynaceae) is traditionally used to treat skin conditions, rheumatism, diarrhoea, chicken pox, and stomachaches. The herbal plant Carissa spinarum possesses antioxidant qualities. The term "nephrotoxicity" describes the detrimental effects that different drugs can have on the kidneys, which can result in damage and dysfunction. This illness offers a serious risk to kidney health and can be brought on by exposure to specific medicines, chemicals, or poisons. Understanding the methods by which these substances affect the structure and function of the kidneys—such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and interference with essential cellular processes—is necessary to comprehend the abstract idea of nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity management also involves establishing prevention and management strategies, identifying, and tracking possible nephrotoxic substances, and managing and preventing nephrotoxicity. All things considered, an abstract comprehension of nephrotoxicity entails investigating the complex pathways and circumstances that lead to renal injury and formulating strategies to lessen or offset these detrimental effects on kidney function.
{"title":"A NEPHROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CARISSA SPINARUM AGAINST GENTAMICIN INDUCED OXIDATIVE NEPHROTOXICITY","authors":"Soumya Bharadwaj, Ritu Sanwal","doi":"10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i2.2024.5521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i2.2024.5521","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most prevalent issues with the kidneys is nephrotoxicity, which happens when the body is exposed to a toxin or medicine. With the growing availability of powerful therapeutic medications such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), a variety of pharmaceuticals can have a negative impact on the kidney, leading to acute renal failure, chronic interstitial nephritis, and nephritic syndrome. Ethiopian native Carissa spinarum (Apocynaceae) is traditionally used to treat skin conditions, rheumatism, diarrhoea, chicken pox, and stomachaches. The herbal plant Carissa spinarum possesses antioxidant qualities. The term \"nephrotoxicity\" describes the detrimental effects that different drugs can have on the kidneys, which can result in damage and dysfunction. This illness offers a serious risk to kidney health and can be brought on by exposure to specific medicines, chemicals, or poisons. Understanding the methods by which these substances affect the structure and function of the kidneys—such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and interference with essential cellular processes—is necessary to comprehend the abstract idea of nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity management also involves establishing prevention and management strategies, identifying, and tracking possible nephrotoxic substances, and managing and preventing nephrotoxicity. All things considered, an abstract comprehension of nephrotoxicity entails investigating the complex pathways and circumstances that lead to renal injury and formulating strategies to lessen or offset these detrimental effects on kidney function.","PeriodicalId":508420,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH","volume":"124 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140087926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i1.2024.5483
Gaurav Singh, A. Behari, Anand Prakash, R. Singh, Ashok Kumar Gupta, V. K. Kapoor, R. Saxena
Background: Understanding factors that predict conversion in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) to an open procedure is important as it allows better patient selection, preparation, operating list planning, referral, counseling and lowers the threshold for a safe conversion, thereby minimizing undue prolongation of attempts at laparoscopic completion and inadvertent complications.Methods: Records of 1010 consecutive patients who were taken up for LC, at a tertiary care teaching institute in northern India, were reviewed retrospectively. Preoperative and intraoperative characteristics of patients who underwent a successful LC were compared with those who required conversion to open surgery.Results: The conversion rate was 7.5% (76 patients). The most common reason for conversion was the inability to define the ‘Critical view of safety’ in 48, (63%) of patients. Other reasons included dense peri-cholecystic 9 (12%) and intra-abdominal 8 (11%) adhesions, suspicion of bile duct injury 4 (5%) or malignancy 3 (4%). Prior upper abdominal surgery, intraoperative finding of a contracted and thick-walled gallbladder (GB), empyema GB, Mirizzi’s syndrome, cholecysto-enteric fistula, and a prior endoscopic common bile duct stone clearance were significant predictors of conversion. Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis was found more commonly (43% vs 5%) in the conversion group.Conclusion: Conversion to an open procedure during LC should always be treated as an integral component of sound judgement to achieve the safest outcome in a particular patient. Due consideration of pre-operative and intra-operative factors predictive of a higher chance of conversion assists pre-operative patient preparation and counseling as well as surgical planning, conduct and mentoring of residents-in-training.
{"title":"CONVERSION TO OPEN CHOLECYSTECTOMY - A SAFE ALTERNATIVE, NOT A FAILURE!","authors":"Gaurav Singh, A. Behari, Anand Prakash, R. Singh, Ashok Kumar Gupta, V. K. Kapoor, R. Saxena","doi":"10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i1.2024.5483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i1.2024.5483","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Understanding factors that predict conversion in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) to an open procedure is important as it allows better patient selection, preparation, operating list planning, referral, counseling and lowers the threshold for a safe conversion, thereby minimizing undue prolongation of attempts at laparoscopic completion and inadvertent complications.Methods: Records of 1010 consecutive patients who were taken up for LC, at a tertiary care teaching institute in northern India, were reviewed retrospectively. Preoperative and intraoperative characteristics of patients who underwent a successful LC were compared with those who required conversion to open surgery.Results: The conversion rate was 7.5% (76 patients). The most common reason for conversion was the inability to define the ‘Critical view of safety’ in 48, (63%) of patients. Other reasons included dense peri-cholecystic 9 (12%) and intra-abdominal 8 (11%) adhesions, suspicion of bile duct injury 4 (5%) or malignancy 3 (4%). Prior upper abdominal surgery, intraoperative finding of a contracted and thick-walled gallbladder (GB), empyema GB, Mirizzi’s syndrome, cholecysto-enteric fistula, and a prior endoscopic common bile duct stone clearance were significant predictors of conversion. Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis was found more commonly (43% vs 5%) in the conversion group.Conclusion: Conversion to an open procedure during LC should always be treated as an integral component of sound judgement to achieve the safest outcome in a particular patient. Due consideration of pre-operative and intra-operative factors predictive of a higher chance of conversion assists pre-operative patient preparation and counseling as well as surgical planning, conduct and mentoring of residents-in-training.","PeriodicalId":508420,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH","volume":"36 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139775240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i1.2024.5483
Gaurav Singh, A. Behari, Anand Prakash, R. Singh, Ashok Kumar Gupta, V. K. Kapoor, R. Saxena
Background: Understanding factors that predict conversion in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) to an open procedure is important as it allows better patient selection, preparation, operating list planning, referral, counseling and lowers the threshold for a safe conversion, thereby minimizing undue prolongation of attempts at laparoscopic completion and inadvertent complications.Methods: Records of 1010 consecutive patients who were taken up for LC, at a tertiary care teaching institute in northern India, were reviewed retrospectively. Preoperative and intraoperative characteristics of patients who underwent a successful LC were compared with those who required conversion to open surgery.Results: The conversion rate was 7.5% (76 patients). The most common reason for conversion was the inability to define the ‘Critical view of safety’ in 48, (63%) of patients. Other reasons included dense peri-cholecystic 9 (12%) and intra-abdominal 8 (11%) adhesions, suspicion of bile duct injury 4 (5%) or malignancy 3 (4%). Prior upper abdominal surgery, intraoperative finding of a contracted and thick-walled gallbladder (GB), empyema GB, Mirizzi’s syndrome, cholecysto-enteric fistula, and a prior endoscopic common bile duct stone clearance were significant predictors of conversion. Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis was found more commonly (43% vs 5%) in the conversion group.Conclusion: Conversion to an open procedure during LC should always be treated as an integral component of sound judgement to achieve the safest outcome in a particular patient. Due consideration of pre-operative and intra-operative factors predictive of a higher chance of conversion assists pre-operative patient preparation and counseling as well as surgical planning, conduct and mentoring of residents-in-training.
{"title":"CONVERSION TO OPEN CHOLECYSTECTOMY - A SAFE ALTERNATIVE, NOT A FAILURE!","authors":"Gaurav Singh, A. Behari, Anand Prakash, R. Singh, Ashok Kumar Gupta, V. K. Kapoor, R. Saxena","doi":"10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i1.2024.5483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i1.2024.5483","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Understanding factors that predict conversion in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) to an open procedure is important as it allows better patient selection, preparation, operating list planning, referral, counseling and lowers the threshold for a safe conversion, thereby minimizing undue prolongation of attempts at laparoscopic completion and inadvertent complications.Methods: Records of 1010 consecutive patients who were taken up for LC, at a tertiary care teaching institute in northern India, were reviewed retrospectively. Preoperative and intraoperative characteristics of patients who underwent a successful LC were compared with those who required conversion to open surgery.Results: The conversion rate was 7.5% (76 patients). The most common reason for conversion was the inability to define the ‘Critical view of safety’ in 48, (63%) of patients. Other reasons included dense peri-cholecystic 9 (12%) and intra-abdominal 8 (11%) adhesions, suspicion of bile duct injury 4 (5%) or malignancy 3 (4%). Prior upper abdominal surgery, intraoperative finding of a contracted and thick-walled gallbladder (GB), empyema GB, Mirizzi’s syndrome, cholecysto-enteric fistula, and a prior endoscopic common bile duct stone clearance were significant predictors of conversion. Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis was found more commonly (43% vs 5%) in the conversion group.Conclusion: Conversion to an open procedure during LC should always be treated as an integral component of sound judgement to achieve the safest outcome in a particular patient. Due consideration of pre-operative and intra-operative factors predictive of a higher chance of conversion assists pre-operative patient preparation and counseling as well as surgical planning, conduct and mentoring of residents-in-training.","PeriodicalId":508420,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH","volume":"213 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139834996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i1.2024.5484
Olivet Kiranmayi Neethipudi, Chloe Fann M.S.
Identity development is significant during adolescence, which requires strong peer relationships through social interactions. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has created havoc in human life, where people distanced from each other to save themselves. To overcome this situation, adolescents already born into a digital era who used technology for fun previously increased their dependency on it to learn and develop.This literature review study was conducted using specific criteria that included literature before and after the pandemic and addressed the problem of how adolescents could develop their identity while shifting from face-to-face to virtual platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic. So, this study aimed to observe the adolescent’s identity development before and after the pandemic while considering Erikson’s theory of eight psychosocial stages and Marcia’s identity statuses.Research findings revealed complex positive outcomes and significant negative consequences. The authors argued that whether positive or negative, adolescents’ identity development became weak and pushed them to a new social and historical context that impaired their ability to develop their identity.
{"title":"IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON ADOLESCENTS’ IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT","authors":"Olivet Kiranmayi Neethipudi, Chloe Fann M.S.","doi":"10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i1.2024.5484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i1.2024.5484","url":null,"abstract":"Identity development is significant during adolescence, which requires strong peer relationships through social interactions. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has created havoc in human life, where people distanced from each other to save themselves. To overcome this situation, adolescents already born into a digital era who used technology for fun previously increased their dependency on it to learn and develop.This literature review study was conducted using specific criteria that included literature before and after the pandemic and addressed the problem of how adolescents could develop their identity while shifting from face-to-face to virtual platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic. So, this study aimed to observe the adolescent’s identity development before and after the pandemic while considering Erikson’s theory of eight psychosocial stages and Marcia’s identity statuses.Research findings revealed complex positive outcomes and significant negative consequences. The authors argued that whether positive or negative, adolescents’ identity development became weak and pushed them to a new social and historical context that impaired their ability to develop their identity.","PeriodicalId":508420,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH","volume":"714 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139835346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.29121/granthaalayah.v12.i1.2024.5484
Olivet Kiranmayi Neethipudi, Chloe Fann M.S.
Identity development is significant during adolescence, which requires strong peer relationships through social interactions. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has created havoc in human life, where people distanced from each other to save themselves. To overcome this situation, adolescents already born into a digital era who used technology for fun previously increased their dependency on it to learn and develop.This literature review study was conducted using specific criteria that included literature before and after the pandemic and addressed the problem of how adolescents could develop their identity while shifting from face-to-face to virtual platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic. So, this study aimed to observe the adolescent’s identity development before and after the pandemic while considering Erikson’s theory of eight psychosocial stages and Marcia’s identity statuses.Research findings revealed complex positive outcomes and significant negative consequences. The authors argued that whether positive or negative, adolescents’ identity development became weak and pushed them to a new social and historical context that impaired their ability to develop their identity.
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