The influence of the climate humidity, mountain elevation and weather in the year of observations on the pollen morphology of the Siberian stone pine was studied. We compared the populations growing in the humid NorthEastern region of Altai (Mount Kolyushta, precipitation 867 mm/year, elevation 1350-1900 m) and the arid South-Eastern region of Altai (the Yuzhno-Chuysky ridge, precipitation 129 mm/year, elevation 1800-2100 m). It has been established that in an arid climate the body of a pollen grain is more spherical shape and larger in size, in a humid climate it is more ellipsoidal shape and smaller in size. It has been suggested that the tendency towards the formation of a spherical shape of the body of pollen grains is associated with the conditions of existence in an arid climate. Larger pollen grains were also formed in the lower mountain belts of both regions and in a year with warmer weather. Temperature has much less effect on the size of the air sacs, in contrast to the humidity of the region. In a humid climate, the sacs had an elongated shape, in an arid climate they were more rounded, but at the same time they did not differ significantly in volume. It is shown that the studied populations are more distant from each other in terms of the regional humidity factor, although the elevation and the weather also significantly influenced the pollen morphology of the Siberian stone pine.
{"title":"Pollen morphology of Pinus sibirica (Pinaceae) mountain populations in the North-Eastern and South-Eastern regions of Altai","authors":"S. Velisevich","doi":"10.14258/pbssm.2023014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2023014","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of the climate humidity, mountain elevation and weather in the year of observations on the pollen morphology of the Siberian stone pine was studied. We compared the populations growing in the humid NorthEastern region of Altai (Mount Kolyushta, precipitation 867 mm/year, elevation 1350-1900 m) and the arid South-Eastern region of Altai (the Yuzhno-Chuysky ridge, precipitation 129 mm/year, elevation 1800-2100 m). It has been established that in an arid climate the body of a pollen grain is more spherical shape and larger in size, in a humid climate it is more ellipsoidal shape and smaller in size. It has been suggested that the tendency towards the formation of a spherical shape of the body of pollen grains is associated with the conditions of existence in an arid climate. Larger pollen grains were also formed in the lower mountain belts of both regions and in a year with warmer weather. Temperature has much less effect on the size of the air sacs, in contrast to the humidity of the region. In a humid climate, the sacs had an elongated shape, in an arid climate they were more rounded, but at the same time they did not differ significantly in volume. It is shown that the studied populations are more distant from each other in terms of the regional humidity factor, although the elevation and the weather also significantly influenced the pollen morphology of the Siberian stone pine.","PeriodicalId":508495,"journal":{"name":"Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich. is sporadically distributed in the Sochi Black Sea region. It occurs in the forests of the low-mountain and mid-mountain belts of the southern macroslope of the Main Caucasian Range. The number of individual populations is from two-three to a dozen individuals, usually populations are distant from each other over long distances. C. rubra can be attributed to hemiephemeroids, having spring-early summer green shoots with a period of summer-autumn-winter dormancy. The growing season lasts 3 months. Morphometric indicators of individuals of different ontogenetic states are given. The dynamics of the ontogenetic structure of the population from the area of the hornbeam forest in the vicinity of the village Illarionovka for 8 years is shown. In the ontogenetic spectra of the studied large population, the predominance of generative individuals is constant. The population is full-membered, normal type, stable. The species is self-compatible, autogamy was not revealed. The model species for pollinators seems to be Lathyrus laxiflorus (Desf.) Kuntze, which is absent from the studied population. Fruit formation in different locations does not always occur; it is absent in the studied population. Seeds of Limodorum-type, linear or fusiform, about 1.3 mm long. The species is protected in the Sochi National Park and in the Khosta Department of the Caucasian State Natural Biosphere Reserve.
{"title":"Features of biology and population dynamics of Cephalanthera rubra (Orchidaceae Juss.) in the Sochi Black Sea region","authors":"E. A. Averyanova","doi":"10.14258/pbssm.2023002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2023002","url":null,"abstract":"Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich. is sporadically distributed in the Sochi Black Sea region. It occurs in the forests of the low-mountain and mid-mountain belts of the southern macroslope of the Main Caucasian Range. The number of individual populations is from two-three to a dozen individuals, usually populations are distant from each other over long distances. C. rubra can be attributed to hemiephemeroids, having spring-early summer green shoots with a period of summer-autumn-winter dormancy. The growing season lasts 3 months. Morphometric indicators of individuals of different ontogenetic states are given. The dynamics of the ontogenetic structure of the population from the area of the hornbeam forest in the vicinity of the village Illarionovka for 8 years is shown. In the ontogenetic spectra of the studied large population, the predominance of generative individuals is constant. The population is full-membered, normal type, stable. The species is self-compatible, autogamy was not revealed. The model species for pollinators seems to be Lathyrus laxiflorus (Desf.) Kuntze, which is absent from the studied population. Fruit formation in different locations does not always occur; it is absent in the studied population. Seeds of Limodorum-type, linear or fusiform, about 1.3 mm long. The species is protected in the Sochi National Park and in the Khosta Department of the Caucasian State Natural Biosphere Reserve.","PeriodicalId":508495,"journal":{"name":"Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main topic of this scientific work is the study of the characteristics of species ribotypes under conditions of long-term ecological and reproductive isolation. Three groups of endemics were selected. The first group is gypsophilic species: ^rydalis sangardanica Mikhailova, С. microphylla Mikhailova, С. gypsophyla Mikhailova. The second group is the rock cushion species: С. mira (Batalin) C. Y. Wu et H. Chuang, and С. yazgulemica Mikhailova et Sochivko. The third group is rocky, geographically isolated species: С. macrocalyx Litv, and С. rupestris Kotschy. The scientific novelty in this work is the use of genetic methods of analysis in the field of studying the possible hybridization of species of the genus Corydalis (Fumariaceae). NGS (Next-Generation Sequencing) was performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform. The first transcribed spacer (ITS1) of the nuclear ribosomal 35S rDNA gene was taken as a marker region. As a result, for each sample, a set of Zotu multicopy ribotypes (zero-radius operational taxonomic unit) was obtained, on the basis of which a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the samples was performed. It was shown that there are no common ribotypes in all three groups. The number of ribotypes in the studied species varies from one to six, which may be due to the peculiarities of hybridization in the past.
这项科学工作的主要课题是研究长期生态和生殖隔离条件下物种核型的特征。我们选择了三类特有物种。第一组是嗜石膏物种：^rydalis sangardanica Mikhailova、С. microphylla Mikhailova、С. gypsophyla Mikhailova。第二类是岩垫种：С. mira (Batalin) C. Y. Wu et H. Chuang 和 С. yazgulemica Mikhailova et Sochivko。yazgulemica Mikhailova et Sochivko。第三类是岩石上的地理隔离物种：macrocalyx Litv 和 С. rupestris Kotschy。这项工作的科学创新之处在于在研究堇菜属（Fumariaceae）物种可能杂交的领域中使用了遗传分析方法。在 Illumina MiSeq 平台上进行了 NGS（下一代测序）。以核核糖体 35S rDNA 基因的第一转录间隔（ITS1）作为标记区域。结果，每个样本都获得了一组 Zotu 多拷贝核糖体型（零半径操作分类单位），并在此基础上对样本进行了定性和定量比较。结果表明，三组样本中没有共同的核糖体型。所研究物种的核型数量从 1 个到 6 个不等，这可能与过去杂交的特殊性有关。
{"title":"Geographic isolation and ribotypes on the example of some endemics of the genus Corydalis (Fumariaceae)","authors":"A. S. Sukhov, M. A. Mikhailova, E. Machs","doi":"10.14258/pbssm.2023070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2023070","url":null,"abstract":"The main topic of this scientific work is the study of the characteristics of species ribotypes under conditions of long-term ecological and reproductive isolation. Three groups of endemics were selected. The first group is gypsophilic species: ^rydalis sangardanica Mikhailova, С. microphylla Mikhailova, С. gypsophyla Mikhailova. The second group is the rock cushion species: С. mira (Batalin) C. Y. Wu et H. Chuang, and С. yazgulemica Mikhailova et Sochivko. The third group is rocky, geographically isolated species: С. macrocalyx Litv, and С. rupestris Kotschy. The scientific novelty in this work is the use of genetic methods of analysis in the field of studying the possible hybridization of species of the genus Corydalis (Fumariaceae). NGS (Next-Generation Sequencing) was performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform. The first transcribed spacer (ITS1) of the nuclear ribosomal 35S rDNA gene was taken as a marker region. As a result, for each sample, a set of Zotu multicopy ribotypes (zero-radius operational taxonomic unit) was obtained, on the basis of which a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the samples was performed. It was shown that there are no common ribotypes in all three groups. The number of ribotypes in the studied species varies from one to six, which may be due to the peculiarities of hybridization in the past.","PeriodicalId":508495,"journal":{"name":"Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studies of epiphytic cyanobacterial-algal cenoses along the highways of Ufa were carried out on five species of woody plants: deciduous (Betula verrucosa Ehrh., Populus nigra L., Tilia cordata Mill., Sorbus aucuparia L.) and coniferous (Picea obovata Ledeb.). A large species diversity of algoepiphytes from 5 divisions, 7 classes, 12 orders, 30 families, 48 genera and 85 species and intraspecific taxa was revealed. Epiphytes of the divisions Chlorophyta and Cyanobacteria dominated (41 and 38 species and intraspecific taxa, respectively), leading families - Oscillatoriaceae and Chlorococcaceae, genera - Phormidium, Leptolyngbya, Nostoc, Chlorococcum.The ecological analysis made it possible to identify six morphotypes. The predominance of colonial-coccoid algae was shown, which made up 31 taxa (36.5 % of the total). Trichal forms take the second place - 26 species (30.6 %), coccoid immobile - 22 species (25.9 %). The spectrum of ecobiomorphs of epiphytic cyanoprokaryotes and algae included 11 life forms: Ch32P16C11CF6aer6H4X4PF3hydr1B1аmph1. Oligoatmophytes have the highest species representation -77 %, mesoatmophytes - 17 %, the group of polyatmophytes is sharply depleted - 6 %. Comparison of the obtained results with the control in ecologically clean habitats showed no difference in the taxonomic and ecological composition of cyanobacterial-algal growths, the number of living cells.
{"title":"Biodiversity of epiphytic cyanobacteria and algae in conditions of road pollution in Ufa","authors":"Шарипова М. Ю Dubovik, Sharipova M. Yu","doi":"10.14258/pbssm.2023024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2023024","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of epiphytic cyanobacterial-algal cenoses along the highways of Ufa were carried out on five species of woody plants: deciduous (Betula verrucosa Ehrh., Populus nigra L., Tilia cordata Mill., Sorbus aucuparia L.) and coniferous (Picea obovata Ledeb.). A large species diversity of algoepiphytes from 5 divisions, 7 classes, 12 orders, 30 families, 48 genera and 85 species and intraspecific taxa was revealed. Epiphytes of the divisions Chlorophyta and Cyanobacteria dominated (41 and 38 species and intraspecific taxa, respectively), leading families - Oscillatoriaceae and Chlorococcaceae, genera - Phormidium, Leptolyngbya, Nostoc, Chlorococcum.The ecological analysis made it possible to identify six morphotypes. The predominance of colonial-coccoid algae was shown, which made up 31 taxa (36.5 % of the total). Trichal forms take the second place - 26 species (30.6 %), coccoid immobile - 22 species (25.9 %). The spectrum of ecobiomorphs of epiphytic cyanoprokaryotes and algae included 11 life forms: Ch32P16C11CF6aer6H4X4PF3hydr1B1аmph1. Oligoatmophytes have the highest species representation -77 %, mesoatmophytes - 17 %, the group of polyatmophytes is sharply depleted - 6 %. Comparison of the obtained results with the control in ecologically clean habitats showed no difference in the taxonomic and ecological composition of cyanobacterial-algal growths, the number of living cells.","PeriodicalId":508495,"journal":{"name":"Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ambiguity of the taxonomic position of Galium pseudorivale Tzvel. necessitated the identification of its status in the genus Galium. A comparative study of the morphological features of vegetative and generative organs of the species G. pseudorivale and representatives of the sections Trachygalium K. Schum. and Asperuloides Pobed. was carried out. For the first time, using a scanning electron microscope, the surface type of the sculpture of the pericarp of fruits of the species G. pseudorivale was established and described. It has been proven that G. pseudorivale is close to the species of the section Trachygalium, and not to the species of the section Asperuloides, where it was assigned earlier.
由于 Galium pseudorivale Tzvel.在分类学上的地位不明确，有必要确定其在 Galium 属中的地位。对 G. pseudorivale 和 Trachygalium K. Schum.和 Asperuloides Pobed.首次使用扫描电子显微镜确定并描述了假桔梗果皮雕刻的表面类型。事实证明，G. pseudorivale 接近于 Trachygalium 科的物种，而不是早先归属的 Asperuloides 科的物种。
{"title":"Taxonomic position of the species Galium pseudorivale in the genus Galium (Rubiaceae)","authors":"E. A. Pinzhenina","doi":"10.14258/pbssm.2023051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2023051","url":null,"abstract":"The ambiguity of the taxonomic position of Galium pseudorivale Tzvel. necessitated the identification of its status in the genus Galium. A comparative study of the morphological features of vegetative and generative organs of the species G. pseudorivale and representatives of the sections Trachygalium K. Schum. and Asperuloides Pobed. was carried out. For the first time, using a scanning electron microscope, the surface type of the sculpture of the pericarp of fruits of the species G. pseudorivale was established and described. It has been proven that G. pseudorivale is close to the species of the section Trachygalium, and not to the species of the section Asperuloides, where it was assigned earlier.","PeriodicalId":508495,"journal":{"name":"Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139363526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the results of the introduction of woody plants into South Uzbekistan from North America. It is noted that 43 species of woody plants were tested from the Atlantic-North American region. In particular, 1 species were tested from the Appalachian province of this region. Thirty-eight species have been introduced from the province of the Atlantic Lowland, of which 26 are also found in the Appalachian province. The flora of the province of the Atlantic Lowland is much younger than the flora of the Appalachian Province and contains fewer relict and endemic taxa, which is explained by the geological youth of the lowland itself. From both provinces of this area, the vast majority of species are very promising and promising. From the Rocky Mountains, only 3 species have been tested. Although they are endemic to this province, under our conditions they have proved to be quite resilient. They belong to the hemixerophytes. Of the 3 provinces of the Madreana region, 9 species were tested, 6 of them were introduced from the California province. Most of the tested species of this area turned out to be resistant in the conditions of Southern Uzbekistan.
{"title":"Results of the introduction of tree plants into South Uzbekistan from the North America","authors":"L. H. Yoziev, D. T. Xodjayev, M. F. Berdiyev","doi":"10.14258/pbssm.2023027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2023027","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the introduction of woody plants into South Uzbekistan from North America. It is noted that 43 species of woody plants were tested from the Atlantic-North American region. In particular, 1 species were tested from the Appalachian province of this region. Thirty-eight species have been introduced from the province of the Atlantic Lowland, of which 26 are also found in the Appalachian province. The flora of the province of the Atlantic Lowland is much younger than the flora of the Appalachian Province and contains fewer relict and endemic taxa, which is explained by the geological youth of the lowland itself. From both provinces of this area, the vast majority of species are very promising and promising. From the Rocky Mountains, only 3 species have been tested. Although they are endemic to this province, under our conditions they have proved to be quite resilient. They belong to the hemixerophytes. Of the 3 provinces of the Madreana region, 9 species were tested, 6 of them were introduced from the California province. Most of the tested species of this area turned out to be resistant in the conditions of Southern Uzbekistan.","PeriodicalId":508495,"journal":{"name":"Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139363532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the results of an experimental assessment of the features of the water regime of 11 taxa of the genus Iris L. growing in the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The purpose of the work is to study and compare some features of the water regime of irises of the subgenus Xyridion with local species. The studies were carried out during the growing seasons of 2019-2022 using generally accepted physiological techniques (the method of saturation and artificial wilting). A detailed analysis of the daily and seasonal dynamics of three parameters of the water regime was made total water content, water-holding capacity, water deficit. Between the studied species, similarities and differences in the characteristics of the water regime were established, and the dependence of indicators on weather conditions was revealed. It was revealed that in the flora of the Republic of Bashkortostan there are species both with a wide range of variability in water-retaining capacity (I. pumila) and with a rather conservative one (I. pseudacorus, I. sibirica). Introduced taxa of Xyridion also adhere to one or another strategy, which can serve as an indicator of successful introduction. The study contributes to the identification of ecological and physiological adaptations of introduced species in comparison with native species, which can become the basis for assessing the prospects of cultivation in culture and the conservation of rare and endangered species.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of the water regime of irises of the subgenus Xyridion","authors":"L. F. Beksheneva, A. A. Reut","doi":"10.14258/pbssm.2023006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2023006","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of an experimental assessment of the features of the water regime of 11 taxa of the genus Iris L. growing in the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The purpose of the work is to study and compare some features of the water regime of irises of the subgenus Xyridion with local species. The studies were carried out during the growing seasons of 2019-2022 using generally accepted physiological techniques (the method of saturation and artificial wilting). A detailed analysis of the daily and seasonal dynamics of three parameters of the water regime was made total water content, water-holding capacity, water deficit. Between the studied species, similarities and differences in the characteristics of the water regime were established, and the dependence of indicators on weather conditions was revealed. It was revealed that in the flora of the Republic of Bashkortostan there are species both with a wide range of variability in water-retaining capacity (I. pumila) and with a rather conservative one (I. pseudacorus, I. sibirica). Introduced taxa of Xyridion also adhere to one or another strategy, which can serve as an indicator of successful introduction. The study contributes to the identification of ecological and physiological adaptations of introduced species in comparison with native species, which can become the basis for assessing the prospects of cultivation in culture and the conservation of rare and endangered species.","PeriodicalId":508495,"journal":{"name":"Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139363890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents studies on the morpho-anatomical structure of Dorema microcarpum Korovin, which is the only representative from the family Apiaceae in Uzbekistan that is found only in the flora of the Ferghana Valley. The range of the species covers mainly the Namangan region. Particular attention is paid to the anatomy of the leaf petiole, leaf epidermis, and seedling. The studied species has amphistomatic leaves and revealed anomocytic and anisocytic stomatal apparatus. Anatomical studies were carried out according to the generally accepted methodology. As a result of studying the morpho-anatomical structure of the leaf blade, epidermis, and seedling of plants, a relationship was found with their ecology, and the degree of adaptability to living conditions was revealed.
{"title":"Anatomical structure of a leaf and seedling of a rare species Dorema microcarpum (Apiaceae)","authors":"M. M. Mirzaolimova, V. Sharipova","doi":"10.14258/pbssm.2023047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2023047","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents studies on the morpho-anatomical structure of Dorema microcarpum Korovin, which is the only representative from the family Apiaceae in Uzbekistan that is found only in the flora of the Ferghana Valley. The range of the species covers mainly the Namangan region. Particular attention is paid to the anatomy of the leaf petiole, leaf epidermis, and seedling. The studied species has amphistomatic leaves and revealed anomocytic and anisocytic stomatal apparatus. Anatomical studies were carried out according to the generally accepted methodology. As a result of studying the morpho-anatomical structure of the leaf blade, epidermis, and seedling of plants, a relationship was found with their ecology, and the degree of adaptability to living conditions was revealed.","PeriodicalId":508495,"journal":{"name":"Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139363897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the Russian Federation, there is a trend towards increased use of pesticides. Irrational and scientifically unjustified use of herbicides aggravates the acute problem of their effects due to the long period of their elimination from ecosystem components. As a consequence, the growth and development of agricultural plants in the subsequent cultivation of chemically treated fields is reduced. The work shows changes in morphometric parameters of test plants (shoot and root length) under the influence of different concentrations of herbicides (“Puma Super 100”, “Secator Turbo”, “Velocity Power”). The test objects were: oats (Avena L.) ‘Sayan, radish (Raphanus sativus) ‘Heat’, rape (Brassica napus) ‘Reliable 92’. Preparations belonging to the chemical class of sulfonylureas showed the highest toxicity. Thus, “Secator Turbo” and “Velocity Power” were found to have a significant effect on the initial stages of seedling development of oat ‘Sayan’, rape ‘Reliable 92.
在俄罗斯联邦，杀虫剂的使用有增加的趋势。除草剂的使用不合理、不科学，加剧了除草剂影响的严重问题，因为除草剂从生态系 统成分中消除的时间较长。因此，在经过化学处理的田地里，农业植物在随后的耕作中的生长和发育会减弱。该研究显示了在不同浓度除草剂（"Puma Super 100"、"Secator Turbo"、"Velocity Power"）的影响下，试验植物形态参数（芽和根的长度）的变化。试验对象是：燕麦（Avena L.）'Sayan'、萝卜（Raphanus sativus）'Heat'、油菜（Brassica napus）'Reliable 92'。磺酰脲类化学制剂的毒性最高。因此，"Secator Turbo "和 "Velocity Power "对燕麦 "Sayan "和油菜 "Reliable 92 "的幼苗生长初期有显著影响。
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This study aims to study the processes of wilting of narrow-leaved (first year) seedlings and heart-leaved (second year) seedlings of relic plant Cardiocrinum cordatum after the flowering phase, as well as to study the factors affecting the number of Sakhalin (northern) population of Cardiocrinum cordatum, growing in the neighborhood of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk and at the expositions of the Sakhalin branch of the Botanical Garden-Institute of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (BSI FGBN FEB RAS). The scientific significance of this study lies in the establishment of approximate dates of the end of vegetation of singleleaved seedlings, i.e. determination of the start and end dates of wilting of seedlings of the first and second years of life of Cardiocrinum cordatum. Consequently, the values given in this scientific work will help to form new knowledge about the main features of vegetation of the relic plant, which directly affect the regulation of the number of Sakhalin populations of Cardiocrinum cordatum. As a result of the study, new data on the dynamics of wilting of plants of different age categories were obtained, as well as, an extremely rare phenomenon of fasciation was registered and described, which was not previously noted in scientific sources.
本研究旨在研究孑遗植物红心蕨（Cardiocrinum cordatum）窄叶（第一年）幼苗和心叶（第二年）幼苗在花期后的枯萎过程，以及研究影响生长在尤日诺-萨哈林斯克附近的红心蕨萨哈林（北部）种群数量的因素。在俄罗斯科学院远东分院植物园研究所萨哈林分所（BSI FGBN FEB RAS）的展览会上和尤兹诺-萨哈林斯克市（Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk）生长的心叶菜（Cardiocrinum cordatum）的数量。这项研究的科学意义在于确定了单叶幼苗植被结束的大致日期，即确定了堇菜（Cardiocrinum cordatum）第一年和第二年幼苗枯萎的开始和结束日期。因此，这项科学工作中给出的数值将有助于形成有关遗存植物植被主要特征的新知识，这些特征直接影响着萨哈林心叶草种群数量的调节。研究还获得了关于不同年龄段植物枯萎动态的新数据，并记录和描述了一种极为罕见的茎叶褪色现象，而这在以前的科学资料中是没有的。
{"title":"Studying the phenology of Cardiocrinum cordatum var. glehnii growing in the vicinity of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk","authors":"E. V. Mitusova","doi":"10.14258/pbssm.2023045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2023045","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to study the processes of wilting of narrow-leaved (first year) seedlings and heart-leaved (second year) seedlings of relic plant Cardiocrinum cordatum after the flowering phase, as well as to study the factors affecting the number of Sakhalin (northern) population of Cardiocrinum cordatum, growing in the neighborhood of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk and at the expositions of the Sakhalin branch of the Botanical Garden-Institute of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (BSI FGBN FEB RAS). The scientific significance of this study lies in the establishment of approximate dates of the end of vegetation of singleleaved seedlings, i.e. determination of the start and end dates of wilting of seedlings of the first and second years of life of Cardiocrinum cordatum. Consequently, the values given in this scientific work will help to form new knowledge about the main features of vegetation of the relic plant, which directly affect the regulation of the number of Sakhalin populations of Cardiocrinum cordatum. As a result of the study, new data on the dynamics of wilting of plants of different age categories were obtained, as well as, an extremely rare phenomenon of fasciation was registered and described, which was not previously noted in scientific sources.","PeriodicalId":508495,"journal":{"name":"Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139363992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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