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DIETARY FIBER: Simple Steps for Managing Weight and Improving Health 膳食纤维:控制体重和改善健康的简单步骤
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1249/fit.0000000000000091
Whitney Sweat, M. Manore
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引用次数: 4
BUILD MUSCLE, IMPROVE HEALTH: BENEFITS ASSOCIATED WITH RESISTANCE EXERCISE 增强肌肉,改善健康:抗阻运动的好处
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1249/fit.0000000000000134
W. Westcott
• To realize that age-related muscle loss is associated with bone loss, metabolic rate reduction, fat gain, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, heart disease, and various problems associated with physical degeneration/dysfunction. • To recognize the beneficial effects of resistance exercise for increasing muscle mass, bone density, metabolic rate, insulin sensitivity, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, cognitive ability, and self-esteem, as well as for decreasing body fat, resting blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-back pain, arthritic discomfort, and depression. • To use programs of resistance exercise that provide safe, progressive, and effective strength training experiences in accordance with the 2014 ACSM strength training recommendations.
•认识到与年龄相关的肌肉损失与骨质流失、代谢率降低、脂肪增加、糖尿病、代谢综合征、心脏病以及与身体退化/功能障碍相关的各种问题有关。•认识到阻力运动对增加肌肉质量、骨密度、代谢率、胰岛素敏感性、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、认知能力和自尊的有益影响,以及对降低体脂、静息血压、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、腰痛、关节炎不适和抑郁的有益影响。•根据2014年ACSM力量训练建议,使用提供安全、渐进和有效的力量训练经验的阻力训练计划。
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引用次数: 7
Promoting Weight Management Using Technology 利用科技促进体重管理
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1249/fit.0000000000000142
B. Bushman
Promoting Weight Management Using Technology Q:Are there any benefits of using technology to help with weight loss? A:Computers, tablets, smart phones V these devices are ubiquitous in society. From accessing the Internet to using short messaging service (SMS or text messaging), people have come to rely on technology in day-to-day activities. In 2015, nearly two thirds of Americans report owning a smartphone, an increase from 35% in 2011 (18). To give some insight on how smartphones are being used, during a 1-week sample period, 97% of smartphone owners used text messaging, 89% accessed the Internet, and 88% accessed email (18). In addition, smartphone apps are available in a staggering variety of categories and the number keeps growing (see Box 1 for insights on the number of apps available) (2,6). Although the prevalence of technology often is bemoaned as a ‘‘cause’’ for inactivity, and associated weight gain, interventions incorporating technology have potential to promote adherence to exercise and dietary changes. Healthy lifestyle choices are made daily and are impacted by many, many factors. Six key strategies, from an individual perspective, for long-term weight loss success have been detected from the National Weight Control Registry data (seeBox 2 for the six strategies) (21). Consider how these strategies might be supported with technology (e.g., tracking physical activity, monitoring body weight). From a program standpoint, common characteristics found in clinical weight loss/ management trials have been identified and also include aspects of monitoring (see Box 3 for common features) (10). Researchers have identified three behavioral components of effective weight management interventions, including 1) addressing behavior change, 2) encouraging self-monitoring of individual data (e.g., weight, steps), and 3) providing personalized recommendations and feedback (10). The question is if technology can be used effectively by individuals, and within weight management interventions, to promote behavior change, support self-monitoring, and provide feedback. Wouldn’t You Like to Know?
问:使用科技来帮助减肥有什么好处吗?A:电脑、平板电脑、智能手机——这些设备在社会上无处不在。从上网到使用短消息服务(SMS或文本消息),人们在日常活动中已经开始依赖技术。2015年,近三分之二的美国人拥有智能手机,比2011年的35%有所增加(18)。为了深入了解智能手机的使用情况,在为期一周的样本期内,97%的智能手机用户使用短信,89%访问互联网,88%访问电子邮件(18)。此外,智能手机应用程序种类繁多,数量还在不断增长(参见专栏1,了解可用应用程序的数量)。虽然科技的普及常常被哀叹为缺乏运动和相关体重增加的“原因”,但结合科技的干预措施有可能促进坚持锻炼和改变饮食。健康的生活方式每天都要做出选择,并受到很多因素的影响。从个人角度来看,从国家体重控制登记处的数据中发现了六种长期减肥成功的关键策略(见方框2中的六种策略)(21)。考虑如何用技术支持这些策略(例如,跟踪身体活动,监测体重)。从项目的角度来看,在临床减肥/管理试验中发现的共同特征已经确定,还包括监测方面(见框3的共同特征)(10)。研究人员已经确定了有效体重管理干预的三个行为组成部分,包括1)解决行为改变,2)鼓励个人数据(如体重,步数)的自我监控,以及3)提供个性化的建议和反馈(10)。问题是,技术是否能被个人有效地利用,并在体重管理干预中,促进行为改变,支持自我监控,并提供反馈。你不想知道吗?
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引用次数: 2
Tendinopathy Not Tendonitis: Now Is the Time for a Change 肌腱病不是肌腱炎:现在是改变的时候了
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1249/fit.0000000000000159
T. Trojian, A. Amoako
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ow naded from httpsournals.lw w om/csm-hhefitness by hD M fePH KazEoum tQ fN 4a+khEZgbsIH o4XM hC yw C X1AW YQ/IlQ rH D 3k+bD uTnm YSqiBLfobfw xQ zE9qStXTIp8M fO C aR th3R P/Jw==on 127/2019下载fromhttps://journals.lww.com/acsm-healthfitnessbyBhDMf5ePHKav1zEoum1tQfN4a+kJLhEZgbsIHo4XMi0hCywCX1AWnYQp/IlQrHD38k+bDukTnmYSqB9iBLfobfwxQzE9qAStXTIp8MfOC6aRtLh3RPB/Jw==2019年12月27日,作者:Thomas Trojian,M.D.,M.B.,FACSM和Adae Amoako,M.D。
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引用次数: 1
Body Weight, Sleep, and Food Choices 体重,睡眠和食物选择
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1249/fit.0000000000000118
S. Volpe
INTRODUCTION It seems that we all are getting busier, with less time to reflect and rest. It almost is thought of as being lazy if someone says that he/she is going to get a little ‘‘rest and relaxation’’ while on vacation, which is why we take vacations in the first place! Yet, the brain is another muscle that also needs rest, just like our skeletalmuscles need a rest day fromworking out. I recently read in The Atlanticmagazine that social scientists have stated that wewould bemost productive if weworked for 52minutes and took a 17-minute break, walking away from our work to give our brains a rest and get our blood flowing (5). In this Nutritionist’s View column, I am going to write about rest but in the form of getting enough sleep with respect to weight gain. I also include studies on food choices and health because sleep and energy balance are both important for a healthy body weight. Furthermore, with less sleep, we tend to make poorer food choices.
我们似乎都变得越来越忙,很少有时间反思和休息。如果有人说他/她要在度假时得到一点“休息和放松”,这几乎被认为是懒惰,这就是我们首先度假的原因!然而,大脑是另一块需要休息的肌肉,就像我们的骨骼肌需要在锻炼后休息一天一样。我最近在《大西洋》杂志上读到,社会科学家说,如果我们工作52分钟,休息17分钟,让我们的大脑休息一下,让血液流动起来,我们的工作效率会最高(5)。在这个营养学家的观点专栏中,我将写一些关于休息的文章,但要以充足睡眠的形式来考虑体重增加。我还包括了关于食物选择和健康的研究,因为睡眠和能量平衡对健康的体重都很重要。此外,由于睡眠不足,我们往往会做出更差的食物选择。
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引用次数: 0
Designing Running Programs for Obese Individuals 为肥胖者设计跑步计划
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1249/fit.0000000000000105
H. Vincent
Designing Running Programs for Obese Individuals R unning has rapidly increased in popularity (4) and is a highly attractive training option for attaining health and fitness. Overweight and obese people can achieve many health benefits from running, including a positive outlook, better self-esteem, improved muscle fitness, lowered cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk, and weight loss. However, obesity increases the load on weight-bearing joints such as the low back, hips, knees, and ankles. Muscles and soft tissues that support these joints also can be overloaded and injured. Supporting heavy weight during exercise also requires extra effort, and this may lower the enjoyment of the exercise. Health and fitness professionals must carefully balance the client’s desire to jog or run with the risk of developing weight-related musculoskeletal injury.
为肥胖者设计跑步计划跑步已经迅速流行起来,是一种非常有吸引力的健身训练选择。超重和肥胖的人可以从跑步中获得许多健康益处,包括积极的人生观,更好的自尊,改善肌肉健康,降低心血管和代谢疾病的风险,以及减肥。然而,肥胖会增加腰背、臀部、膝盖和脚踝等负重关节的负荷。支撑这些关节的肌肉和软组织也会超负荷而受伤。在运动中支撑重物也需要额外的努力,这可能会降低运动的乐趣。健康和健身专业人员必须仔细平衡客户慢跑或跑步的愿望和发展与体重相关的肌肉骨骼损伤的风险。
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引用次数: 0
Vitamin D Status, Adiposity, and Exercise Performance 维生素D状态、肥胖和运动表现
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1249/fit.0000000000000141
S. Volpe
INTRODUCTION Irealize that I wrote a column about vitamin D last year; however, I write on the topic now not because I had nothing else to write about for this Nutritionist’s View column, I simply want to keep with the theme of the current issue addressing obesity and weight loss and then include more data on vitamin D and exercise performance. I will not repeat what I wrote last year; however, I will give a similar background, both for new readers and those of you who may not have read my last column on vitamin D. Vitamin D is a required vitamin for humans and also is considered a hormone. That is because it is produced in one part of the body but works in another part of the body. The most active form of vitamin D is produced in the kidneys and is called ‘‘calcitrol’’ or ‘‘1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3’’. The precursor to calcitriol is synthesized in the liver (25-hydroxyvitamin D or calcidiol), which is the onemeasured in the blood to assess if someone has a vitaminD deficiency or not because it stays in the blood longer than other forms of vitamin D and, therefore, can be better measured. The Dietary Reference Intake for vitamin D is 600 IU for individuals aged 1 through 70 years (5). Vitamin D can be obtained from food (e.g., salmon, sardines, fortified cow’s milk, soy milk, or orange juice) or through the sun on the skin (7). Vitamin D is well known for its role in bone formation; however, there is evidence that vitamin D plays a role in adaptive immune processes and may improve skeletal muscle function (8). Although it has been well established that vitamin D deficiency exists in obese individuals who are not athletes, little data exist on the vitamin D status of overweight or obese athletes. The reason for vitamin D deficiency in obesity likely is caused by vitamin D being stored in fat tissues (6).
我意识到我去年写了一篇关于维生素D的专栏;然而,我现在写这个话题并不是因为我没有别的东西可写,我只是想保持当前问题的主题,即肥胖和减肥,然后加入更多关于维生素D和运动表现的数据。我不想重复我去年写的东西;然而,对于新读者和那些可能没有读过我上一篇关于维生素D的专栏的人,我将给出类似的背景。维生素D是人类必需的维生素,也被认为是一种激素。这是因为它是在身体的一部分产生的,但在身体的另一部分起作用。维生素D最活跃的形式是在肾脏中产生的,被称为“骨化醇”或“1,25-二羟基维生素D3”。骨化三醇的前体是在肝脏中合成的(25-羟基维生素D或钙化二醇),它是一种在血液中测量的,用来评估一个人是否缺乏维生素D,因为它在血液中停留的时间比其他形式的维生素D更长,因此可以更好地测量。1岁至70岁人群的维生素D膳食参考摄入量为600国际单位(5)。维生素D可以从食物(如鲑鱼、沙丁鱼、强化牛奶、豆浆或橙汁)中获得,也可以通过皮肤上的阳光获得(7)。维生素D在骨骼形成中的作用众所周知;然而,有证据表明维生素D在适应性免疫过程中发挥作用,并可能改善骨骼肌功能(8)。尽管已经确定,非运动员的肥胖者也存在维生素D缺乏症,但关于超重或肥胖运动员维生素D状况的数据很少。肥胖人群缺乏维生素D的原因可能是由于维生素D被储存在脂肪组织中(6)。
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引用次数: 1
Obesity and Corporate America: Getting to Solutions 肥胖和美国公司:找到解决办法
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1249/fit.0000000000000145
N. Pronk
The consequences of the everincreasing numbers of people afflicted by obesity are continuing to emerge. They range from the impact on society through increasing health care costs and chronic illness burden to the ways individuals are affected by reduced function and quality of life. Business and industry are not shielded from these consequences either. For example, obesity is associated with lower productivity, higher absenteeism rates, higher disability rates, and higher health care costs (8). However, employee interests also are affected because obesity is associated with lower wages, lower family earnings, lower functional status, discrimination, and social stigmaI all of which can have an enormous impact on a person’s life (8). In the context of the workplace and the workforce, obesity has been identified as a major threat to the economic productivity of a company, the local community, and the nation as a whole.
受肥胖困扰的人数不断增加的后果正在继续显现。它们的范围从增加保健费用和慢性疾病负担对社会的影响,到个人因功能和生活质量下降而受到的影响。商业和工业也不能幸免于这些后果。例如,肥胖与较低的生产率、较高的缺勤率、较高的残疾率和较高的医疗成本(8)有关。然而,员工的利益也受到影响,因为肥胖与较低的工资、较低的家庭收入、较低的功能状态、歧视和社会耻辱有关——所有这些都可能对一个人的生活产生巨大影响(8)。肥胖已经被认为是对公司、当地社区和整个国家的经济生产力的主要威胁。
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引用次数: 1
HIGH-INTENSITY EXERCISE AND THE LEGAL LIABILITY RISKS 高强度锻炼和法律责任风险
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.1249/01.FIT.0000453586.66931.E0
J. Eickhoff-Shemek, Margaret C. Keiper
Through a description and analysis of two negligence lawsuits involving high-intensity exercise programs, readers of this article will obtain an understanding and appreciation of (a) legal and risk management concepts related to negligence, (b) legal liability risks that exist in high-intensity exercise programs, and (c) risk management strategies that can be developed and implemented to minimize legal liability risks associated with high-intensity exercise programs.
通过对两起涉及高强度运动项目的过失诉讼的描述和分析,本文的读者将了解和欣赏(a)与过失相关的法律和风险管理概念,(b)存在于高强度运动项目中的法律责任风险,以及(c)可以制定和实施的风险管理策略,以尽量减少与高强度运动项目相关的法律责任风险。
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引用次数: 4
HIGH-INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING A Review of Physiological and Psychological Responses 高强度间歇训练:生理和心理反应综述
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.1249/FIT.0000000000000067
M. Kilpatrick, M. Jung, J. Little
strategy for prescribing high-intensity interval training in varied member, patient
针对不同成员、患者的高强度间歇训练处方策略
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引用次数: 58
期刊
Acsms Health & Fitness Journal
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