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A proposed competency model for cash waqf manager in Malaysia and Indonesia 马来西亚和印度尼西亚现金宗教基金管理者的能力模型建议
Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.55493/5007.v14i5.5105
Nurulhuda Abd Rahman, Nurul Iffah Ghazali, Syeliya Md Zaini, Sulistyowati Sulistyowati, Alvien Nur Amalia
This article proposes a competency model for cash waqf manager in Malaysia and Indonesia as cash waqf is the most prominent type of waqf, owing to its flexibility and the potential solutions it can provide. There are issues and challenges in waqf management, such as the poor quality of the workforce and the lack of expertise and knowledge in asset and operational management, real estate, and finance that may result in underperforming waqf assets and a low return on investments.  To derive an understanding of the competency requirements for managing cash waqf, this study employed a qualitative approach via library research to obtain relevant data from selected databases, researchers, religious sources, books, reports, and electronic sources.  The competency model is proposed based on the knowledge, skills and other competency model and three domains of learning such as knowledge, psychomotor and affective.  The proposed competency model is recommended to the industry players in solving critical issues of human talent in Islamic social finance and specifically in waqf management.  The results of this study can provide valuable insights for the Human Resource Department in its efforts to recruit cash waqf managers, design training programmes, and establish effective succession planning strategies.
本文提出了马来西亚和印度尼西亚现金宗教基金管理者的能力模型,因为现金宗教基金是最主要的宗教基金类型,具有灵活性和潜在的解决方案。宗教基金管理中存在一些问题和挑战,如劳动力素质不高,缺乏资产和运营管理、房地产和金融方面的专业技能和知识,这可能导致宗教基金资产表现不佳,投资回报率较低。 为了了解管理现金宗教基金的能力要求,本研究采用了定性方法,通过图书馆研究从选定的数据库、研究人员、宗教来源、书籍、报告和电子来源获取相关数据。 在知识、技能和其他能力模型以及知识、心理运动和情感等三个学习领域的基础上,提出了能力模型。 建议业内人士采用所提出的能力模型来解决伊斯兰社会金融领域,特别是宗教基金管理领域的关键人才问题。 这项研究的结果可以为人力资源部门招聘现金宗教基金管理人员、设计培训计划和制定有效的继任规划战略提供有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Insider perspectives on systematic provision of quality technical vocational education and training in Zimbabwean tertiary institutions 津巴布韦高等院校系统提供优质技术职业教育和培训的内部视角
Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.55493/5007.v14i2.5021
Abigirl Mawonedzo, Wilson Banda
Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) is defined as an educational process that focuses on the acquisition of practical skills, and an understanding of technologies and related sciences necessary for employment in a particular occupation or trade. The implementation of TVET is on the premise that students develop the requisite skills necessary to increase their employability and for the development of the economy through entrepreneurship. The study sought to ascertain the challenges and proffered strategies of attaining TVET programmes in Zimbabwean tertiary institutions. A qualitative approach was used, and a case study design employed. Two research questions guided the study.  The data collection instruments were interviews, document analysis and focus group discussions. The participants were selected through purposive sampling. The study revealed the following challenges: lack of TVET training facilities, poor teaching methods, poor funding, deplorable facilities, and routine assessment of students' competencies. The following strategies were proffered: deliberate continual professional development of TVET lecturers, provision of adequate training facilities, and mobilisation of the requisite financial resources. It was recommended that central government, policymakers, and all TVET providers should deliberately focus on strengthening quality assurance in all the TVET tertiary institutions.
职业技术教育与培训(TVET)被定义为一种教育过程,其重点是掌握实用技能,了解在特定职业或行业就业所需的技术和相关科学。实施职业技术教育与培训的前提是学生掌握必要的技能,以提高他们的就业能力,并通过创业促进经济发展。本研究旨在确定津巴布韦高等院校在实施技术和职业教育与培训计划方面所面临的挑战和提出的战略。研究采用了定性方法和案例研究设计。两个研究问题为本研究提供了指导。 数据收集工具包括访谈、文件分析和焦点小组讨论。参与者是通过有目的抽样选出的。研究揭示了以下挑战:缺乏职业技术教育与培训的培训设施、教学方法落后、资金短缺、设施简陋以及对学生能力的常规评估。研究提出了以下策略:有意识地对技术和职业教育与培训讲师进行持续的专业培训,提供充足的培训设施,以及调动必要的财政资源。建议中央政府、政策制定者和所有职业技术教育与培训机构应有意识地将重点放在加强所有职业技术教育与培训高等教育机构的质量保证上。
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引用次数: 0
Navigating the emoticon landscape: A systematic review of comparative studies on emoticon design 领航表情符号景观:表情符号设计比较研究的系统回顾
Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.55493/5007.v14i4.5024
Jiajing Wu, G. Daimin, M. F. Kamaruzaman
This comprehensive systematic review delves into the nuanced dimensions of emoticon design, exploring cultural, gender, and social media influences. Adhering to Kitchenham's guidelines, the study meticulously progressed through the planning, conducting, and reporting phases. Following stringent inclusion/exclusion criteria, 19 pertinent papers surfaced, revealing eight core research areas. These areas spotlight the pivotal roles of culture, gender, and social media in shaping emoticon creation and usage. The findings underscore the growing significance of emoticons in online communication, with an increasing focus on gender-related and culturally sensitive research. However, notable gaps were identified, including the absence of universal emoticon design principles and limited regional diversity. The study emphasizes context-aware emoticon design and underscores the influential role of social media, providing valuable implications for both academia and practical application. Ultimately, the research advocates for further exploration in diverse cultural contexts and the development of universally comprehensible emoticon design models.
这篇全面的系统性综述深入研究了表情符号设计的细微差别,探讨了文化、性别和社交媒体的影响因素。根据 Kitchenham 的指导原则,本研究在计划、实施和报告阶段都一丝不苟地进行。按照严格的纳入/排除标准,19 篇相关论文浮出水面,揭示了八个核心研究领域。这些领域凸显了文化、性别和社交媒体在影响表情符号创作和使用中的关键作用。研究结果表明,表情符号在网络交流中的重要性日益凸显,与性别相关和文化敏感的研究也越来越受到重视。不过,研究也发现了一些明显的不足,包括缺乏通用的表情符号设计原则以及地区多样性有限。本研究强调了情境感知表情符号设计,强调了社交媒体的影响作用,为学术界和实际应用提供了宝贵的启示。最后,研究提倡在不同文化背景下进行进一步探索,并开发普遍可理解的表情符号设计模型。
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引用次数: 0
Social media usage and pyschosocial as contributing factor towards the formation of ideology: A preliminary study 社交媒体的使用和社会心理是意识形态形成的促成因素:初步研究
Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.55493/5007.v14i3.5023
Mohamad Afzanizzam Zahran, Mohd Azmir Mohd Nizah, Afi Roshezry Abu Bakar, Munirah Aayuni Mohd Mokhtar
Social media platforms have become the primary source of information, especially among young people. The reason is that the information shared on social media is quicker and more current. Exposure to social media information helps shape how they think and build their character and personality. Similarly, society, family, ideology, and media, grouped as psychosocial factors, influence ideological formation by contributing towards character building and strengthening worldview. However, excessive social media usage may negatively influence young people and the way they think, whereas psychosocial factors influence an individual's personality and thinking. Therefore, this study examines social media usage and psychosocial factors and their influence on young people's ideological formation. Using the quantitative methodology with a set of self-reporting questionnaires, about 128 respondents took part in the pilot study. It is found that ideological influence, social media influence, and socialization agents' influence positively correlate to ideological formation. These constructs positively impact and influence the formation of ideology, character-building, and rational thinking. Thus, the findings of this study are expected to help authorities apply positive values ​​from social media influence and psychosocial factors to the thinking process and ideological formation of young generation leaders today.
社交媒体平台已成为信息的主要来源,尤其是在年轻人当中。原因是社交媒体上分享的信息更快、更及时。接触社交媒体信息有助于塑造他们的思维方式,塑造他们的性格和人格。同样,社会、家庭、意识形态和媒体作为社会心理因素,通过促进性格塑造和加强世界观,影响着意识形态的形成。然而,过度使用社交媒体可能会对青少年及其思维方式产生负面影响,而社会心理因素则会影响个人的性格和思维方式。因此,本研究探讨了社交媒体的使用和社会心理因素及其对青少年思想形成的影响。本研究采用定量方法,通过一套自我报告问卷,约有 128 名受访者参与了试点研究。研究发现,意识形态影响、社交媒体影响和社会化媒介影响与意识形态形成呈正相关。这些建构因素对意识形态的形成、性格塑造和理性思维产生了积极的影响和作用。因此,本研究的结论有望帮助当局将社交媒体影响和社会心理因素的积极价值应用于当今年轻一代领导者的思维过程和思想形成。
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引用次数: 0
Implementation of the competency based curriculum in Zimbabwean primary schools: A case of a primary school in Chitungwiza 在津巴布韦小学实施能力本位课程:奇通维扎一所小学的案例
Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.55493/5007.v14i3.5022
Mastina Shinda, Wilson Banda
The purpose of the study was to explore the challenges faced in the implementation of the competence-based curriculum in Chitungwiza district primary schools. One school was used to conduct the study. Purposive sampling was utilised to select 23 research respondents, namely: 14 teachers, 6 parents, and 3 administrators. The study was guided by the constructivism perspective. Case study design was exploited. The questionnaire, interview guide and focus group discussion were used to collect data. Qualitative data asked for were analysed using the thematic data analysis methodology. The study exposed that the successful implementation of the competence-based curriculum (CBC) was hindered by lack of both material and human resources. Low teacher morale was cited as a recurrent barrier to effective curriculum implementation. It was established that most teachers lacked the basal CBC implementation skills, competencies, and knowledge, as most of them were trained well before the introduction of the new curriculum. Overarching recommendations were that proper planning should be done before the implementation of any transformative curriculum programme. The central government and its partners should avail the requisite financial, material, infrastructural and human resources prior to the envisaged curriculum implementation. Teachers, on one hand, should be positively incentivised as paramount CBC actors. Their seamless morale boost should never be overemphasised if desired curricula goals are to be achieved.
本研究旨在探讨奇通维扎区小学在实施能力本位课程时所面临的挑战。研究使用了一所学校。研究采用了有目的的抽样方法,选出了 23 名研究对象,即 14 名教师、6 名家长和 3 名行政人员:其中包括 14 名教师、6 名家长和 3 名管理人员。研究以建构主义观点为指导。采用了案例研究设计。使用问卷、访谈指南和焦点小组讨论来收集数据。采用专题数据分析方法对所要求的定性数据进行了分析。研究表明,以能力为基础的课程(CBC)的成功实施受到物质和人力资源缺乏的阻碍。教师士气低落被认为是有效实施课程的一个经常性障碍。大多数教师缺乏实施能力本位课程的基本技能、能力和知识,因为他们中的大多数早在新课程引入之前就接受了培训。总的建议是,在实施任何变革性课程计划之前,都应进行适当的规划。中央政府及其合作伙伴应在实施所设想的课程之前提供必要的财政、物质、基础设施和人力资源。一方面,教师作为 CBC 的主要参与者,应得到积极的激励。要想实现预期的课程目标,就必须不断提高教师的士气。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on the dynamic volatility spillover network in the Saudi stock market COVID-19 对沙特股市动态波动溢出网络的影响分析
Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.55493/5007.v14i1.4974
Nadia Belkhir, Mouna Boujelbène Abbes
This study investigates the risk spillover among the COVID-19-related news Panic Index, the insurance industry, the Tadawul All-Share Index, and sector indices in Saudi stock market. Volatility spillovers serve as an accurate indicator for the transmission of risk across various sectors. Our empirical findings show that, prior to the outbreak of COVID-19, the Tadawul All-Share stock market played a dominant role as a net transmitter of risk for sector indices, including insurance, media, pharma, retail, transport, and utilities. Furthermore, our analysis demonstrates that the COVID-19 Panic Index exerts significant influence on the net pairwise connectedness, particularly impacting the Tadawul All-Share Index, energy, banking, development, materials, real estate, transport, and utilities sectors. Additionally, our results indicate that the insurance sector acts as a net receiver of spillovers from the utilities, media, pharma, and retail sectors throughout the sample period, affirming the heightened impact of the pandemic on these sectors. The pandemic, being a health-related issue, led to a notable surge in the volatility of sectors associated with health, given their pivotal role in effectively addressing the crisis. These insights carry substantial implications for investors, portfolio managers, and policymakers, shedding light on the potential repercussions of the pandemic on the stock market.
本研究调查了沙特股市中与 COVID-19 相关的新闻恐慌指数、保险业、Tadawul All-Share 指数和行业指数之间的风险溢出效应。波动溢出效应是风险在各行业间传递的准确指标。我们的实证研究结果表明,在 COVID-19 爆发之前,Tadawul All-Share 股票市场作为行业指数(包括保险、媒体、制药、零售、运输和公用事业)的净风险传递者发挥着主导作用。此外,我们的分析表明,COVID-19 恐慌指数对净配对关联度有重大影响,尤其是对塔达乌尔全股指数、能源、银行、发展、材料、房地产、运输和公用事业行业的影响。此外,我们的研究结果表明,在整个样本期间,保险行业是公用事业、媒体、制药和零售行业溢出效应的净接收者,这证实了大流行病对这些行业的影响加剧。大流行病是一个与健康相关的问题,导致与健康相关的行业波动性显著上升,因为这些行业在有效应对危机方面发挥着关键作用。这些见解对投资者、投资组合经理和政策制定者具有重大意义,揭示了大流行病对股票市场的潜在影响。
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引用次数: 0
The effects of gender on knowledge, attitude and behaviour of science teachers towards climate change 性别对科学教师有关气候变化的知识、态度和行为的影响
Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.55493/5007.v14i1.4975
Noor Syafiqah Abdullah, Kamisah Osman
This article presents the defense for the education area as an undiscovered chance to battle environmental change, through the execution of climate change education across the curriculum. Hence, the work to distinguish the variables that decide the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of educators towards climate change is significant, since educators are significant partners in making powerful climate change education an outcome in schools. Nonetheless, not much consideration has been given to endeavors to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of science educators related to climate change. Along these lines, this study was directed to distinguish distinctions in gender in science educators' knowledge, attitude, and behavior related to climate change. Using a stratified cluster random sampling method, a survey of 632 national secondary school science teachers in six states—Kedah, Johor, Terengganu, Selangor, Sabah, and Sarawak—was used to take a quantitative approach. The information gathered through the survey was then examined utilizing a descriptive and inferential technique. Discoveries show that the degree of knowledge, attitude, and behavior of teachers about climate change is high. The outcomes obtained from this study likewise uncover that socio-demographic factors, for example, gender can influence teachers' knowledge, attitude, and behavior about climate change. The aftereffects of this study can help policymakers to conclude the proper moves that can be made in dealing with the impacts of climate change through further developing climate change education across the curriculum, and further reassuring mitigative activities to shield the environment from the antagonistic impacts of climate change.
本文为教育领域辩护,认为通过在整个课程中开展气候变化教育,这是应对环境变化的一个尚未发现的机会。因此,区分决定教育工作者对气候变化的认识、态度和行为的变量的工作意义重大,因为教育工作者是使强大的气候变化教育成为学校成果的重要合作伙伴。然而,对科学教育工作者有关气候变化的知识、态度和行为进行评估的工作考虑不多。因此,本研究旨在区分科学教育工作者在气候变化相关知识、态度和行为方面的性别差异。本研究采用分层分组随机抽样法,对吉打、柔佛、丁加奴、雪兰莪、沙巴和砂拉越六个州的 632 名全国中学科学教师进行了定量调查。然后利用描述性和推论性技术对通过调查收集到的信息进行研究。研究结果表明,教师对气候变化的认识、态度和行为程度较高。研究结果还发现,性别等社会人口因素也会影响教师对气候变化的认识、态度和行为。这项研究的结果可以帮助决策者总结出应对气候变化影响的正确措施,包括在整个课程中进一步发展气候变化教育,以及进一步确保减缓气候变化影响的活动,以保护环境免受气候变化的不利影响。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on the dynamic volatility spillover network in the Saudi stock market COVID-19 对沙特股市动态波动溢出网络的影响分析
Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.55493/5007.v14i1.4974
Nadia Belkhir, Mouna Boujelbène Abbes
This study investigates the risk spillover among the COVID-19-related news Panic Index, the insurance industry, the Tadawul All-Share Index, and sector indices in Saudi stock market. Volatility spillovers serve as an accurate indicator for the transmission of risk across various sectors. Our empirical findings show that, prior to the outbreak of COVID-19, the Tadawul All-Share stock market played a dominant role as a net transmitter of risk for sector indices, including insurance, media, pharma, retail, transport, and utilities. Furthermore, our analysis demonstrates that the COVID-19 Panic Index exerts significant influence on the net pairwise connectedness, particularly impacting the Tadawul All-Share Index, energy, banking, development, materials, real estate, transport, and utilities sectors. Additionally, our results indicate that the insurance sector acts as a net receiver of spillovers from the utilities, media, pharma, and retail sectors throughout the sample period, affirming the heightened impact of the pandemic on these sectors. The pandemic, being a health-related issue, led to a notable surge in the volatility of sectors associated with health, given their pivotal role in effectively addressing the crisis. These insights carry substantial implications for investors, portfolio managers, and policymakers, shedding light on the potential repercussions of the pandemic on the stock market.
本研究调查了沙特股市中与 COVID-19 相关的新闻恐慌指数、保险业、Tadawul All-Share 指数和行业指数之间的风险溢出效应。波动溢出效应是风险在各行业间传递的准确指标。我们的实证研究结果表明,在 COVID-19 爆发之前,Tadawul All-Share 股票市场作为行业指数(包括保险、媒体、制药、零售、运输和公用事业)的净风险传递者发挥着主导作用。此外,我们的分析表明,COVID-19 恐慌指数对净配对关联度有重大影响,尤其是对塔达乌尔全股指数、能源、银行、发展、材料、房地产、运输和公用事业行业的影响。此外,我们的研究结果表明,在整个样本期间,保险行业是公用事业、媒体、制药和零售行业溢出效应的净接收者,这证实了大流行病对这些行业的影响加剧。大流行病是一个与健康相关的问题,导致与健康相关的行业波动性显著上升,因为这些行业在有效应对危机方面发挥着关键作用。这些见解对投资者、投资组合经理和政策制定者具有重大意义,揭示了大流行病对股票市场的潜在影响。
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引用次数: 0
Money laundering in global trade and the role of financial technology: The structured reviews 全球贸易中的洗钱问题和金融技术的作用:结构化审查
Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.55493/5007.v14i1.4966
Nur Liyana Mohamed Yousop, N. H. A. Razak, Bany Ariffin Amin Noordin
Money laundering in international trade facilitates the concealment of illicit funds through the manipulation of trade invoices and the exploitation of regulatory gaps. Addressing this issue involves improving traceability through financial technology, a promising solution. However, the adoption of such technology poses inherent risks and challenges that require careful consideration. This review synthesises knowledge on trade-related money laundering and financial technology, highlighting critical areas for additional research and improvement. Employing a Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach, academic databases, including Scopus and Web of Science (WoS), were systematically searched to identify relevant studies and articles. Advanced search techniques using keywords such as money laundering, trade-based money laundering, and financial technology resulted in the identification of 57 articles for eligibility. After excluding 20 articles due to being out of the field, having titles not significantly related, or abstracts not aligning with the study's objective, 37 eligible articles and conference proceedings were further examined. Two main themes were developed, concluding that the convergence of money laundering through digital trade and financial technology requires collaborative efforts among regulatory bodies, financial institutions, and technology experts. Such collaboration is essential to balance innovation and security, ensuring stability and prosperity in global economies.
国际贸易中的洗钱活动通过篡改贸易发票和利用监管漏洞为隐藏非法资金提供了便利。要解决这一问题,就必须通过金融技术提高可追踪性,这是一个大有可为的解决方案。然而,采用这种技术会带来固有的风险和挑战,需要认真考虑。本综述综合了与贸易有关的洗钱和金融技术方面的知识,强调了需要进一步研究和改进的关键领域。本综述采用系统综述和元分析首选报告项目(PRISMA)方法,对包括 Scopus 和 Web of Science (WoS) 在内的学术数据库进行了系统检索,以确定相关研究和文章。通过使用洗钱、基于贸易的洗钱和金融技术等关键词的高级搜索技术,确定了 57 篇合格文章。由于不在研究领域内、标题与研究无关或摘要与研究目标不符等原因,有 20 篇文章被排除在外,之后又进一步审查了 37 篇符合条件的文章和会议论文集。研究提出了两大主题,并得出结论:通过数字贸易和金融技术洗钱的融合需要监管机构、金融机构和技术专家的共同努力。这种合作对于平衡创新与安全、确保全球经济的稳定与繁荣至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Asian Social Science
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