Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2388719
Madison K Kilbride
Ethical questions about confidentiality arise when patients refuse to inform relatives who are at risk of a genetic condition. Specifically, healthcare providers may struggle with the permissibility of breaching confidentiality to warn patients' at-risk relatives. In exploring this issue, several authors have converged around the idea that genetic cases differ from non-genetic cases (e.g., involving a threat of violence or the spread of an infectious disease) along two related dimensions: (1) In genetic cases, the risk of harm is already present in an at-risk third party, whereas in non-genetic cases, it is not; and (2) In genetic cases, the patient does not create a risk of harm to a third party, whereas in non-genetic cases, the patient does. I argue that these distinctions do not exclusively differentiate genetic from non-genetic cases and should not bear on the permissibility of breaching confidentiality. Instead, such determinations should be based on other considerations.
{"title":"Breaching Confidentiality in Genetic and Non-Genetic Cases: Two Problematic Distinctions.","authors":"Madison K Kilbride","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2388719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2388719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ethical questions about confidentiality arise when patients refuse to inform relatives who are at risk of a genetic condition. Specifically, healthcare providers may struggle with the permissibility of breaching confidentiality to warn patients' at-risk relatives. In exploring this issue, several authors have converged around the idea that genetic cases differ from non-genetic cases (e.g., involving a threat of violence or the spread of an infectious disease) along two related dimensions: (1) In genetic cases, the risk of harm is already present in an at-risk third party, whereas in non-genetic cases, it is not; and (2) In genetic cases, the patient does not create a risk of harm to a third party, whereas in non-genetic cases, the patient does. I argue that these distinctions do not exclusively differentiate genetic from non-genetic cases and should not bear on the permissibility of breaching confidentiality. Instead, such determinations should be based on other considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-05DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2371116
Sandra Soo-Jin Lee, Alexis Walker, Shawneequa L Callier, Faith E Fletcher, Charlene Galarneau, Nanibaa' Garrison, Jennifer E James, Renee McLeod-Sordjan, Ubaka Ogbogu, Nneka Sederstrom, Patrick T Smith, Clarence H Braddock, Christine Mitchell
Recent calls to address racism in bioethics reflect a sense of urgency to mitigate the lethal effects of a lack of action. While the field was catalyzed largely in response to pivotal events deeply rooted in racism and other structures of oppression embedded in research and health care, it has failed to center racial justice in its scholarship, pedagogy, advocacy, and practice, and neglected to integrate anti-racism as a central consideration. Academic bioethics programs play a key role in determining the field's norms and practices, including methodologies, funding priorities, and professional networks that bear on equity, inclusion, and epistemic justice. This article describes recommendations from the Racial Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (REDI) Task Force commissioned by the Association of Bioethics Program Directors to prioritize and strengthen anti-racist practices in bioethics programmatic endeavors and to evaluate and develop specific goals to advance REDI.
最近关于解决生命伦理学中的种族主义问题的呼声反映了一种紧迫感，即要减轻缺乏行动所带来的致命影响。虽然该领域的发展主要是为了应对一些关键事件，而这些事件深深植根于种族主义以及其他研究和医疗保健领域的压迫结构，但该领域在学术、教学、宣传和实践中却没有将种族正义作为中心，也忽视了将反种族主义作为核心考虑因素。生命伦理学学术项目在决定该领域的规范和实践方面发挥着关键作用，包括方法论、资金优先级以及与公平、包容和认识论正义有关的专业网络。本文介绍了生物伦理学项目主任协会（Association of Bioethics Program Directors）委托种族平等、多样性和包容性（REDI）特别工作组提出的建议，以优先考虑和加强生物伦理学项目工作中的反种族主义实践，并评估和制定推进 REDI 的具体目标。
{"title":"Racial Equity, Diversity and Inclusion in Bioethics: Recommendations from the Association of Bioethics Program Directors Presidential Task Force.","authors":"Sandra Soo-Jin Lee, Alexis Walker, Shawneequa L Callier, Faith E Fletcher, Charlene Galarneau, Nanibaa' Garrison, Jennifer E James, Renee McLeod-Sordjan, Ubaka Ogbogu, Nneka Sederstrom, Patrick T Smith, Clarence H Braddock, Christine Mitchell","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2371116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2371116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent calls to address racism in bioethics reflect a sense of urgency to mitigate the lethal effects of a lack of action. While the field was catalyzed largely in response to pivotal events deeply rooted in racism and other structures of oppression embedded in research and health care, it has failed to center racial justice in its scholarship, pedagogy, advocacy, and practice, and neglected to integrate anti-racism as a central consideration. Academic bioethics programs play a key role in determining the field's norms and practices, including methodologies, funding priorities, and professional networks that bear on equity, inclusion, and epistemic justice. This article describes recommendations from the Racial Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (REDI) Task Force commissioned by the Association of Bioethics Program Directors to prioritize and strengthen anti-racist practices in bioethics programmatic endeavors and to evaluate and develop specific goals to advance REDI.</p>","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-08-19DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2361880
Kirsten A Riggan, Roel Feys, Assata Kokayi, Karen M Meagher, Marsha Michie, Kiran Musunuru, Kelly E Ormond, Andrea J Schelhaas, Jane Q Yap, Rosario Isasi, Megan A Allyse
{"title":"Grounded in Reality: Integrating Community Values and Priorities of End Users in Human Gene Editing.","authors":"Kirsten A Riggan, Roel Feys, Assata Kokayi, Karen M Meagher, Marsha Michie, Kiran Musunuru, Kelly E Ormond, Andrea J Schelhaas, Jane Q Yap, Rosario Isasi, Megan A Allyse","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2361880","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2361880","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11335314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-08-19DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2361907
Tina Rulli
{"title":"Embryo Gene Editing is Not Morally Better than Selection Even If Person-Affecting.","authors":"Tina Rulli","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2361907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2361907","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-08-19DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2361911
Konrad Szocik
{"title":"In Defense of a More Antinatalist Bioethics.","authors":"Konrad Szocik","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2361911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2361911","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-08-19DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2361889
Thomas Douglas, Katrien Devolder
{"title":"What's the Alternative? Comparative Benefits in Gene Editing and Genetic Selection.","authors":"Thomas Douglas, Katrien Devolder","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2361889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2361889","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-08-19DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2361877
Andrew Crowden, Matthew Gildersleeve
{"title":"Place-Based Thoughtfulness and Decision-Making in Gene Editing and Genetic Selection.","authors":"Andrew Crowden, Matthew Gildersleeve","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2361877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2361877","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-08-19DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2361894
James Toomey, Jonathan Lewis, Ivar R Hannikainen, Brian D Earp
{"title":"The True Self and Decision-Making Capacity.","authors":"James Toomey, Jonathan Lewis, Ivar R Hannikainen, Brian D Earp","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2361894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2361894","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-08-19DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2361887
Guy Widdershoven, Andrea Ruissen, Anton van Balkom, Gerben Meynen
{"title":"From Personal Interests to Practical Wisdom.","authors":"Guy Widdershoven, Andrea Ruissen, Anton van Balkom, Gerben Meynen","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2361887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2361887","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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